FR2975174A1 - Plastic molded frame for use in tile fixed on support of building to receive photovoltaic panel, has groove opened toward peripheral center of frame such that part of circumference of panel is formed between wings, where groove holds panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The frame (1) has a central opening (5) and a groove (9) formed at front side (7a) of the frame, where the frame is formed in the shape of a polygonal flat plate. The groove is opened toward peripheral center of the frame such that part of circumference of a photovoltaic panel is formed between wings of the groove, where the groove holds the panel. An upper flange extends to the flat plate on the front side and back side (7b) of the frame. A retaining profile is fixed along a side opening to close the side opening when the panel is placed in the groove. An independent claim is also included for a tile assembly.

Description

The invention relates in particular to a frame, for photovoltaic panel in one or more parts, to be fixed to a support of a building. The frame generally has a polygonal flat plate shape, with a length and a width. A problem is related to the way in which the photovoltaic panel can be linked to the frame, the time and the associated assembly / disassembly procedure. The reliability of the tile that results depends on it.

And the design of the frame must be adapted accordingly. One solution provides that the frame has at least one central opening and comprises on several sides a peripheral groove open towards the center of the frame so that at least a portion of the periphery of the photovoltaic panel is placed between a first and a second flange. the groove that hold said panel once it is placed. It is advisable to combine cost control, strength and lightness, that the frame is molded rigid plastic (such ASA), in one or more parts. For the same purpose, it is advised that, placed in a horizontal position, the frame integrates: an upper flange extending in the plane of the plate, on sides of the frame, to define therein the first wing, sections of lower support, some longitudinal, others lateral, extend parallel to the upper edge, in the plane of the panel, on (at least) three, and preferably four, three sides of the frame, to define the second wing, some of these sections being linked to sleepers extending at their level in the upper face, across the central opening, to support the photovoltaic panel in intermediate parts. In order to complete the high performance maintenance of the photovoltaic panel (s), it is further recommended that, along one side, the frame: - is devoid of groove, so as to be open laterally to thereby allow , to engage the photovoltaic panel in said groove, - comprises a retaining profile to arrange and fix along this lateral opening to close, once the panel in place in the groove, preferably with said retaining profile which will present a section "C" on the essential at least its length and will be engaged in a slot of the frame where it will be attached to the frame.

To connect frames together reliably, quickly and easily, both in assembly and disassembly, and in a simple way to achieve, it is recommended that the frame includes outer periphery and, away from the groove: - along a rear side, a slot open at the rear on the outside, at an angle between 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the plane of the plate (preferably between 5 ° and 25 °), - and , along a front side opposite the rear side, a projecting recess, for a removable connection (which can be tightened), with partial overlap, between this frame and a second identical frame. It will further be preferred that the slot be limited, in height and along the rear side, by an upper wing and a lower wing, the upper wing extending further in overhang than the lower wing, to the underside. a section of the frame extending along this rear side and where is fixed the retaining profile.

Thus we will combine a high-performance link between the frames with a favorable sealing layer. For sealing, it is also expected that favorably, on its upper face, along the front side, and between the recess and the part of the nearest peripheral groove, the frame may have close channels against upwelling. In order to facilitate inclined positioning and an orientation conducive to efficient use, it is recommended that the frame has a thickness that increases from the front side towards the rear side. For fixing it to a flight that is simple to make and easy, both during assembly and disassembly, it is recommended that between the recessing spout and the anti-upwelling channels, the frame should have 'a hardware. To favor obtaining a molded plastic frame, it is recommended that, in the plane of the panel, the frame is constituted by at least first and second parts having laterally, along an edge parallel to the cross members, respectively a first and second superimposing surface, the latter being defined by a rim extending laterally beyond a most lateral spacer which borders it internally, to cover the first superimposition surface, so that two spacers are then adjacent, said first and second frame portions each being devoid of said circumferential groove on the side respectively extending the first and second overlapping surfaces.

And for a quick inter-frame connection, both in assembly and disassembly, and simple to perform, it is recommended that, laterally, along the two transverse sides with respect to the slot and the recess, this off-line in height with respect to them, and closer to the edge of the frame than the portion of the peripheral groove that extends therefrom, said frame comprises: - on one side a male fitting means, - on the other side a female recess means complementary to the male recess means, for a detachable connection between two such identical frames, transversely to the front and rear sides. Also concerned is a building tile, comprising: - the presented frame, with all or some of the above features, and one or more photovoltaic panels, preferably in the form of a non-framed laminate, and peripherally engaged in the aforementioned peripheral groove. It is recommended, for an efficient maintenance of the photovoltaic panel, that the photovoltaic panel rests on the cross members and, along the rear side through which it has been engaged, is bordered by the retaining profile, which is fixed to the frame. The individual ventilation of the tiles has also been taken into account. On this point, it is recommended that the tile, which comprises the retaining profile, be such that its frame presents, in height, between the lateral opening closed by said profile and the slot open at the rear, a groove of aeration that communicates the outside with the underside of or mounted photovoltaic panels. Also concerned is an assembly comprising said frame and a plurality of such building tiles, with all or part of their characteristics above, the tiles of this set being placed on inclined battens of a roof, to which they are individually fixed by a fasteners passing through the frame of each tile at a plurality of locations along the top front side with the recess, between the spout and the peripheral groove, an adjacent top tile and bottom tile in the direction of the slope roof are partially recessed into each other by their respective beaks and slots. The benefits are all or some of the aforementioned. To combine efficient fastening and waterproofing, it is recommended that the upper tile is supported by one of the lower wing flaps and preferably covers the lower tile beyond the anti-upflow channels it present on the upper face. To facilitate the assembly of the first (low) row of tiles, it will be favorably provided with a lower retaining element fixed along the lowest arch that overhangs the lower tiles, and having a (upper) recess profile where will fit (from above) the slot of the lowest tile. Other features will become apparent again with reference to the accompanying figures in which various embodiments are schematized, without limitation, with: FIGS. 1, 2, 7 two inter-engaged tiles, shown in place against a building support, a single tile FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-section of an exploded solar panel, FIG. 3, FIGS. 4, 5, 8, 11, 13-17, 20 of the details of the frame, in FIG. a preferred embodiment, with: - Figures 8, 9, a two-part frame, here in the assembled state, while they are disassembled Figure 13, - Figures 12, 20, two recessed tiles one behind the other, with FIG. 20, the solar panel removed to better see the inter-engagement between the tiles, - figure 18, an embodiment of the rear retaining profile, - figures 19, a part of tile complete. Figures 1, 2, we see two tiles 200,210 for 5 building. These tiles can be used as cover elements. They can be used on the roof; on a roof. They could also cover a side wall of a building or building, such as a wall. Each comprises a frame 1 and at least one photovoltaic panel 10. The frame 1 holds the photovoltaic panel (s) 10 placed thereon. As detailed below: this photovoltaic panel 10 is designed to be peripherally engaged in a peripheral groove 9 of the frame 1 which receives it; - Moreover, each tile, such as 200, further comprises a retaining profile 15 (see Figures 1-3), reported, arranged and fixed along a lateral opening 13 of the frame, to close, once the panel 10 in place in the groove. It will be considered hereinafter that there is a photovoltaic (or solar) panel 10 per frame. Each photovoltaic panel will preferably be in the form of a non-framed laminate. In this respect, it can be noted in FIG. 3 that, according to a traditional construction, each photovoltaic panel can comprise, here from the top to the bottom, a transparent top plate 239, such as glass, to be arranged facing the light rays (arrow 231 ), a first bonding film 232 (for example in EVA), solar cells 233 (photosensitive or photovoltaic), a second bonding film 234 and a flexible rear protection 235. The photosensitive cells 233 are thus encapsulated. Below, is fixed an electrical connection box 236 connected to the cells to recover the electrical energy.

There is therefore no perimeter frame fixed around this photovoltaic panel. The edge of the glass and cells appears (see Figure 5 where the profile 15 has not been shown). In an application on the roof, FIGS. 1, 2 and 7 show that the tiles 200, 210 are in particular intended to be placed on 240 inclined flights of this roof. These may themselves be mounted on rafters 243 extending here in the direction of the slope 241 of the roof (Figure 1). For each tile or horizontal row of tiles (perpendicular to slope 241 of the roof), it is recommended to have a high support, on an upper flight and a low support on a lower flight. It is recommended that each tile be individually attached to a roof, preferably the upper one. It is advantageous to use a fastener 242 passing through the frame 1 of each tile in several locations along the front side of the highest; see Figures 1, 7. As detailed below, it is recommended that, for a releasable connection between them, in one direction, here perpendicular to the direction 240a of elongation of the flights, the (columns of) tiles (more exactly their respective frames ) are each provided with a recess 23 (here along the upper side).

Advantageously, between this spout and (the concerned side of) the peripheral groove 9, an upper tile 200 and a lower tile 210 adjacent in the direction of the slope 241 of a roof may thus be partially embedded one inside the other by their slot 21 and their beak 23 respective. Since, laterally, along the rear side 7d, the groove 220 for securing the profile 15 and the ventilation groove 230 (see below for details) will preferably extend under each other above the level. of recess 21-23 (see figure 20). The groove 230 may, in the general plane 10a of the tile, effectively ensure the communication between the outside and the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 10 in place, even when the tiles are mounted and assembled together, possibly in two transverse directions as mentioned above. Below, we come back in more detail on the frame 1, in one or more parts, which could usefully be provided to receive the solar panel 10.

This frame is to be fixed to a support 3 of a building. Above this support has been cited in the form of flights. But it was only an example, certainly favorable. The frame 1 generally has a polygonal flat plate shape, here parallelepipedal (rectangular), with a length L and a width 1. Its general plane is marked 10al (Figures 10, 11). The frame 1 further has at least one central opening 5 (through-going in the direction of the height, or thickness of the frame) and comprises, on several sides 7a, 7b, 7c a peripheral groove 9. This groove is open towards the center of the frame to be placed at least a portion of the perimeter 100a of the photovoltaic panel 10 (see Figure 5), between a first flange 11a and a second flange 11b of the groove 9. These two wings, a priori parallel, maintain them the panel 10, once it is placed in the frame. Along one side, here 7d (lower longitudinal side if the frame is placed on a sloped roof as Figure 1), this frame is devoid of groove 9, so to be open laterally at 13 (FIGS. 10, 11 ), to allow, thereby, to engage the photovoltaic panel 10 in the peripheral groove 9 then present along the other three sides (Figure 5 in particular). Along the same side, the frame comprises the retaining profile 15, reported, already mentioned, to arrange and fix along the lateral opening 13 to close, once the panel 10 in place in the groove (see figures 7, 11, 12 in particular). In particular, FIGS. 10, 11 show that, placed in a horizontal position, the frame incorporates: an upper flange 110a extending in the plane 10al of the plate, on three of the sides of the frame (7a, 7b, 7c), for define the first wing 11a, lower support sections 110b, some longitudinal, others lateral, extending parallel to the upper edge, in the plane of the panel, on three sides of the frame (here 7a, 7b 7c) to define the second wing 11b. The term "integrates" means "includes monoblock". To combine mechanical resistance and lightness, some of the sections 110b are connected to crosspieces 17 (FIGS. 10-14 in particular) extending at their level, on the upper face 17a, across the central opening 5, to support the panel photovoltaic 10 in intermediate parts. This central opening will then be in several parts. In order to promote such a mechanically and lightly resistant embodiment, it is recommended that the frame 1 be made of molded plastic, such as ASA, in one or more parts.

Figures 10-12, 15, we see that the frame 1 comprises the outer periphery and, away from the peripheral groove 9: - along the rear side 7d (thus provided to be the lower longitudinal side, once laid the framed tile), the aforementioned slot 21 open at the rear on the outside (see also FIG. 17), at an angle A lying between 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the plane 10al of the plate (see FIG. 10), - And along the front side 7b opposite, the recessing nose 23 also mentioned above. Thus, it is possible to provide a tight removable connection, with partial overlap, between this frame and a second identical, adjacent frame, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 7, 12, 16.

It will be noted in various figures that in order to combine rigidity, favorable angular positioning with the photovoltaic panel 10, and, preferably, easier realization of the slot 21 and recessing nose 23, it is recommended that the frame has a thickness which increases from the front side. 7b towards the rear side 7d. To promote a stable support and easy assembly / disassembly, it is recommended that the slot 21 be limited, in height and along the rear side, by an upper wing 21a and a lower wing 21b, the upper wing extending overhanging more rearwardly than the lower wing 21b (FIG. 5), as far as under a section 24 of the frame (FIG. 10) extending along this rear side where the retaining profile 15 is fixed, here laterally and beyond above the slot 21 (Figure 12). Figures 12, 18, we see that for this the profile 15 will preferably have a transverse wall (here horizontal) of engagement 15a. Note that this rear section 24 has an upper surface 24a of support for the panel 10. Preferably, the upper surfaces 24a and 17a (sleepers) are connected level. Thus, the photovoltaic panel 10 will be indirectly framed over its entire perimeter, once placed in the frame 1.

As already indicated, it is furthermore recommended that, on its upper face 27, parallel to the front side 7b, and between the mounting nose 23 and the portion 9b of the nearest peripheral groove, the frame 1 has channels 26a, 26b close anti-upwelling; see Figures 2, 14 in particular. This will be favorably used to provide, as shown in FIGS. 9, 14, that between the (edge of) the recess nose 23 and the anti-upflow channels 26a, 26b, the frame has the aforementioned orifices 29 for receiving of the fasteners 31, to fix the frame to its support, such as one of the 240. In particular for its manufacture of molded plastic, the frame, in the 10al plane of the panel, is constituted in at least a first and a second parts respectively, 1a, 1b; see Figures 8, 9, 14. These parts la, lb have laterally, each along an edge (respectively 31a, 31b) parallel to the cross members 17, respectively a first and second superposition surfaces 33a, 33b; see Figure 14. The second superimposing surface 33b is preferably defined by a flange 330b extending laterally beyond a most lateral spacer 170b which borders it internally to cover the first superimposing surface 33a of the other adjacent part; see Figure 13. Two spacers 170a, 170b will then preferably adjacent. The first superposition surface 33a will indeed be favorably bordered externally, laterally, by a spacer, marked 170a. It will be noted that on the lateral edge 31a, 31b of each portion 1a, 1b where the first and second superposing surfaces 33a, 33b respectively extend, the first and second parts of the frame are each devoid of the peripheral groove 9. After have presented a solution for laterally connecting two parts of the frame, is described below a possible connection between two frames (or two tiles) to connect laterally (perpendicular to the slope 241 in Figures 1, 2). For this, FIGS. 5, 10 and 15 are shown together, that, laterally, along the two lateral sides 7a, 7c of each frame, transverse with respect to the slot 21 and the recess 23, offset in height. relative to them, and closer to the extreme edge of the frame than the relevant part of the peripheral groove 9 which extends therethrough, said frame comprises: - on one side a male fitting means 35, - on the other on the side of a female recessing means 37, complementary to the male recessing means, for a detachable connection between two such identical frames 1, this transversely to the front and rear sides 7b, 7d.

To combine speed of assembly / disassembly, ease of manufacture and increased stiffness, it is further recommended that: - the male fitting means 35 is an elongate slot 35a, open vertically (the plane 10al, parallel to which extends the frame, being assumed horizontal, as illustrated), the female fitting means 37 is an elongated vertical blade 37a, and the slot and the blade have a height which decreases from the rear side 7d towards the front side 7b. FIG. 15 shows that, when the male and female recessing means 35, 37 are recessed, two adjacent frames are then edge-to-edge (along the corresponding lateral portions of the peripheral groove 9), by their lateral edges, respectively 7a and 7c, perpendicular to the front and rear sides 7b, 7d. Slots 9 are, on their side parts concerned, edge to edge, as shown in Figure 15. To maintain effectively and simply to mount-disassemble possibly, it is recommended that the retaining profile 15 has a section "C" on the outside. essential at least of its length, possibly with a lower skirt 15b which falls lower than the transverse wall 15a. Referring to Fig.18 and comparing Figures 10 and 12, it is understood that this wall 15a engages in the rear slot 220 holding. The panel 10 is sandwiched between the transverse walls, respectively low and high, 15a and 15c of the retaining profile. The skirt 15b may have one or more depressions (Figure 12) creating along the rear side 7d one or more side ventilation slots 230 to pass a flow of ventilation to the underside of the panel 10, and thus communicate outside with the underside 10al of this panel; see arrows Figure 12. Returning to a complete tile 1, it will be understood from the foregoing that in place in the frame, a photovoltaic panel 10 will rest on the rails 17 and, along the rear side 7d by which he was engaged , will be bordered by the retaining profile 15, which will be fixed to the frame. The profile may have been glued to the frame. The electrical connections 236 will emerge from the frame to be accessible.

In place on their support of the building concerned, an upper tile 200 and a lower tile 210, adjacent in the direction of the slope 241 of the roof, will then be partially embedded one inside the other, by their respective slit 25 and spout 23 . Notably thus laid, it is understood from Figures 6, 7 that, like each tile, the upper tile 200 is supported on one of the flights by the lower wing 21b. In addition, it preferably covers the lower tile 210 beyond anti-upwelling channels 26a, 26b it has recessed, on the upper face 27. Favorably this upper face 27 will be a flat and continuous full face, crossed by the fixing holes 29.

To mount the first horizontal row of these solar tiles 200, 210 ..., for example at the lowest row of the considered slope of the roof, it is recommended to use one or more element (s) of lower retaining 250 fixed (s) along the lowest flight, (such 240c Figures 2, 6) that overhang (and where a priori lean) the lowest tiles. Lower retaining member 250 has a retaining profile 251 which holds down the tile. The element 250 may be a shaped lead strip.

The retaining profile 251 could be shaped to fit into the slot 21 of this lowest tile. Figure 6, as a recess profile 251a, it rather has a raised flange, in which engages and binds (removably) the lower flange 21b of the tile. This solution is simple and allows quick assembly / disassembly.

The lower retainer 250, or each of them, will preferably be screwed to the 240c flight. Orifices will then cross it for that. Lower down, the lower retaining member 250 may extend (possibly in one piece) by a cover portion 253, extending to a level higher than the plane 260 (FIGS. 6, 7) for supporting the tiles (here on stiles) so as to be used for roof waterproofing, below. Of the above features, some may be the subject of one or more independent protection claims (ie claims), in particular. a) The provision of a photovoltaic panel frame, in one or more parts, to be attached to a support of a building, the frame being adapted to surround the photovoltaic panel which then occupies the location of a central opening and comprising , on the outer periphery and away from the area where the photovoltaic panel is arranged (or disposed): - along a rear side, a slot open at the rear on the outside, at an angle between 0 ° and 45 ° relative to the plane of the plate, - and, along a front side opposite the rear side, a recess beak), for a removable connection, with partial overlap, between this frame and a second identical frame. Preferably, the frame will have a thickness that increases from the front side towards the back side. b) Providing, for a photovoltaic panel, a flat polygonal plate-shaped frame which, in this plane, is constituted by at least first and second parts having laterally, along an edge parallel to sleepers supporting said panel (which then occupies the location of (at least) a central opening of the frame), respectively a first and second superposition surfaces, the latter being defined by a flange extending laterally beyond a the most lateral spacer which borders it internally, to cover the first superposition surface, so that two spacers are then adjacent. Preferably, this frame will have, on several sides, a peripheral groove open towards the center of the frame so that there is placed at least a portion of the periphery of the photovoltaic panel, said first and second parts of the frame being then each without this groove peripheral, on the side where extend respectively the first and second overlapping surfaces. c) Providing a tile comprising a frame (in one or more parts) surrounding, at the location of (at least) a central opening, (at least) a photovoltaic panel, this tile being fixed to a support of a building, the frame having along an edge, under the level where the photovoltaic panel extends, a ventilation groove that communicates the outside with the underside of said photovoltaic panel. If, as preferred, the frame has a thickness that increases from one edge to the opposite edge, the one where the groove is located will be the uppermost edge. d) Providing a set of several tiles each comprising a frame (in one or more parts) surrounding, at the location of (at least) a central opening, (at least) a flat photovoltaic panel, these tiles being individually fastened to a support of a building by screws passing through the frame of each tile at a plurality of locations along the uppermost side (edge) provided with a recessed spout engaged with an open slot along the side (edge) the lowest of a tile located above, this slot extending at an angle between 0 ° and 45 ° relative to the plane of the panel concerned, these adjacent tiles, respectively upper and lower in the direction of the slope of the roof, thus being partially embedded one in the other by their slot and their respective beaks. e) Providing a set of several tiles each comprising a frame (in one or more parts) surrounding, at the location of (at least) a central opening, (at least) a flat photovoltaic panel, these tiles being individually fastened to a support of a building by screws passing through the frame of each tile at a plurality of locations along one side (edge) of the frame provided with a recess nose engaged with an open slot along the side (edge) opposite the frame of an adjacent tile, this slot extending at an angle between 0 ° and 45 ° relative to the plane of the panel concerned, each tile resting on said support by a lower flange of said slot , preferably with one of the tiles covering the other beyond anti-upwelling channels that the latter has on the upper face.

Claims (17)

REVENDICATIONS1. Frame, for photovoltaic panel in one or more parts, to be fixed to a support of a building, the frame generally having a polygonal flat plate shape, with a length, a width and at least one central opening (5) and comprising on several sides a peripheral groove (9) open towards the center of the frame (1) to be placed at least a portion of the periphery of the photovoltaic panel (10), between a first and a second wings (11a, 11b) of the groove that hold said panel once it is placed. 2. Frame according to claim 1, characterized in that it is molded plastic, in one or more parts. 3. Frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, placed in a horizontal position, it incorporates: - an upper flange (110a) extending in the plane of the plate on three sides of the frame, to define there the first wing, - lower support sections (110b), some longitudinal, others lateral, extending parallel to the upper edge, in the plane of the panel, on at least three sides of the frame, to define there the second wing, some of these sections being connected to crosspieces (27) extending at their level in the upper face (27a), across the central opening (5), to support the photovoltaic panel (10) in parts intermediate. 4. Frame according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, along one side: - it is open laterally to allow, thereby, to engage the photovoltaic panel (10) in said groove 5 (9) it comprises a retaining profile (15) to be arranged and fixed along this lateral opening to close it, once the panel (10) is in place in the groove, with preferably said retaining profile which has a section 10 in "C" on the essential at least its length and engages in a slot (220) of the frame where it is fixed. 5. Frame according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at the outer periphery and, 15 away from the groove: - along a rear side (7d), an open slot (21) at the rear on the outside, at an angle between 0 ° and 45 ° with respect to the plane of the plate, and, along a front side (7b) opposite the rear side, a spout (23). recessed mounting, for a removable connection, with partial overlap, between this frame and a second identical frame. Frame according to claim 5, characterized in that it has a thickness which increases from the front side (7b) towards the rear side (7d). 7. Frame according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the slot is limited, in height and along the rear side, by an upper wing (21a) and a lower wing (21b), the upper wing s' extending further in overhang than the lower flange, to below a section (24) of the frame extending along that rear side (7d) and where the retaining profile (15) is fixed, above . 8. Frame according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, on its upper face, parallel to the front side (7a), and between the mounting nose (23) and the part of the nearest peripheral groove, said frame has channels (26a, 26b) close anti-upwelling. 9. Frame according to claim 8, characterized in that between the recess (23) and the channels antiremontée water, it has orifices (29) for receiving a screw (242), to fix the frame (1) to a truss. 10. Frame according to claim 3 or claim 3 and one of the following claims related thereto, characterized in that, in the plane of the panel, the frame (1) is constituted in at least a first and a second parts (1a, 1b) having, laterally, along an edge parallel to the crosspieces (27), respectively a first and second overlapping surfaces 33a, 33b), the latter being defined by a flange (330b) extending laterally a lateral spacer (170b) which borders it internally to cover the first superposition surface (33a), so that two spacers (170a, 170b) are then adjacent, said first and second parts of the frame each being devoid of said peripheral groove (9) on the side respectively extending the first and second superimposing surfaces. 11. Frame according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, laterally, along both sidestransversales (7a, 7c) relative to the slot (21) and the mounting nose (23), offset in height relative to them, and closer to the edge of the frame than the portion of the peripheral groove (9) which extends therefrom, said frame comprises: - on one side a male fitting means (35), - on the other side a female recess means (37) complementary to the male recess means, for a detachable connection between two such identical frames, transversely to the front and rear sides (7b, 7d). 12. Frame according to claims 6 and 11, characterized in that: - the male recess means (35) is in the form of a vertically open slot, - the female recess means (37) is an elongated vertical blade (37a), - and the slot and the blade have a height which decreases from the rear side towards the front side (7b). 13. Tile for building, comprising: - the frame (1) according to one of the preceding claims, - and one or more photovoltaic panels (10), preferably in the form of a non-framed laminate, and peripherally engaged in said peripheral groove (9). 14. Roof tile according to claim 13 and provided with the frame according to claims 3 and 4 or one of the following appended claims, characterized in that it comprises the retaining profile (15) and, in height, between the lateral opening closed by said profile and the slot (21) open at the rear, the frame (1) has aeration plating that communicates the outside with the underside of the or photovoltaic panels (10). 15. Set of several tiles (200, 210) according to claim 13 or claim 14 and provided with the frame according to claim 5, the tiles being placed on sloping stairs of a roof, to which they are individually fixed by a screw ( 241) passing through the frame (1) of each tile at a plurality of locations, along the top front side, provided with the recessing spout, between this spout and the peripheral groove (9), an upper tile and a lower tile adjacent to the slope of the roof being partially recessed into one another by their respective beaks (23) and slot (21). 16. The assembly of claim 15 wherein each frame is as in claim 7, characterized in that each tile (200, 210) is supported on one of the flights by the lower wing (21b) and preferably the upper tile (200) covers the lower tile beyond channels antiremontée water (26a, 26b) that the latter has the upper face. An assembly comprising: - the assembly of claim 15 or claim 16, and - a lower retaining member (251) secured along the lowest trunk overhanging the lower tiles (210), and having an embedding profile (251a) which engages with the slot 21) of the lowest tile.