FR2911724A1 - Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite et un procede de preparation d'electrodes pour piles a combustible a membrane et d'electrodes a gaz contenant un tel materiau composite. - Google Patents
Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite et un procede de preparation d'electrodes pour piles a combustible a membrane et d'electrodes a gaz contenant un tel materiau composite. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2911724A1 FR2911724A1 FR0752796A FR0752796A FR2911724A1 FR 2911724 A1 FR2911724 A1 FR 2911724A1 FR 0752796 A FR0752796 A FR 0752796A FR 0752796 A FR0752796 A FR 0752796A FR 2911724 A1 FR2911724 A1 FR 2911724A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- ionomer
- suspension
- metal
- carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 239000004966 Carbon aerogel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- XOPVDDSGVTVABP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-methyl-9h-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-7-yl) hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound C12=CC=C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C=C2NC2=C1C=CN=C2C XOPVDDSGVTVABP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Pt] Chemical compound [C].[Pt] DSVGQVZAZSZEEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C=O DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000495 cryogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000102 alkali metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008046 alkali metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/886—Powder spraying, e.g. wet or dry powder spraying, plasma spraying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0752796A FR2911724B1 (fr) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-01-22 | Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite et un procede de preparation d'electrodes pour piles a combustible a membrane et d'electrodes a gaz contenant un tel materiau composite. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0752796A FR2911724B1 (fr) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-01-22 | Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite et un procede de preparation d'electrodes pour piles a combustible a membrane et d'electrodes a gaz contenant un tel materiau composite. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2911724A1 true FR2911724A1 (fr) | 2008-07-25 |
FR2911724B1 FR2911724B1 (fr) | 2009-03-20 |
Family
ID=38325272
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR0752796A Active FR2911724B1 (fr) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-01-22 | Procede de preparation d'un materiau composite et un procede de preparation d'electrodes pour piles a combustible a membrane et d'electrodes a gaz contenant un tel materiau composite. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2911724B1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5636437A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1997-06-10 | Regents Of The University Of California | Fabricating solid carbon porous electrodes from powders |
US20040029982A1 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2004-02-12 | Aerogel Composite, Llc | Aerogel and metallic compositions |
US20050200040A1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-15 | Hara Hiroaki S. | Method of preparing membrane electrode assemblies with aerogel supported catalyst |
US20060116463A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2006-06-01 | Can Erkey | Processes for making aerogel-electrolyte-metal composites |
WO2006110822A2 (fr) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-10-19 | Aerogel Composite, Llc | Catalyseur metallique supporte sur de l'aerogel de carbone |
-
2007
- 2007-01-22 FR FR0752796A patent/FR2911724B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5636437A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1997-06-10 | Regents Of The University Of California | Fabricating solid carbon porous electrodes from powders |
US20040029982A1 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2004-02-12 | Aerogel Composite, Llc | Aerogel and metallic compositions |
US20050200040A1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-15 | Hara Hiroaki S. | Method of preparing membrane electrode assemblies with aerogel supported catalyst |
US20060116463A1 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2006-06-01 | Can Erkey | Processes for making aerogel-electrolyte-metal composites |
WO2006110822A2 (fr) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-10-19 | Aerogel Composite, Llc | Catalyseur metallique supporte sur de l'aerogel de carbone |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DU ET AL: "Carbon aerogel supported Pt-Ru catalysts for using as the anode of direct methanol fuel cells", CARBON, ELSEVIER, OXFORD, GB, vol. 45, no. 2, 9 December 2006 (2006-12-09), pages 429 - 435, XP005800075, ISSN: 0008-6223 * |
MARIE J ET AL: "Highly dispersed platinum on carbon aerogels as supported catalysts for PEM fuel cell-electrodes: comparison of two different synthesis paths", JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS, NORTH-HOLLAND PHYSICS PUBLISHING. AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 350, 15 December 2004 (2004-12-15), pages 88 - 96, XP004905645, ISSN: 0022-3093 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2911724B1 (fr) | 2009-03-20 |
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