FR2881791A1 - Confining volume supplying device for forming tunnel`s reinforcement wall, has guillotine system, placed near filling nozzle to obtain reinforcement wall, to selectively open and close communication between feed pipe and confining volume - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a connecting duct (81) placed between a filling nozzle (37) and a feed pipe (38). The duct is connected with the pipe that is to be supplied with masonry material e.g. concrete. A guillotine system (82) selectively opens and closes the communication between the pipe and a confining volume, through the duct. The system is placed near the nozzle for obtaining an inner reinforcement wall (83). An independent claim is also included for a method of supplying a confining volume.

Description

The invention relates to the production of a wall made of a

  solidifiable masonry, brought into a liquid or semi-liquid state within a containment space existing between a form surface and the

  internal surface of an excavation to be reinforced by doubling it by such a wall.

  The invention applies in particular to the realization of the inner wall, made of concrete, reinforcing a borehole formed in a rock, to form therein for example a tunnel.

  To make an excavation, in particular a tunnel, in a rock, a solution consists in drilling or excavating the ground in the direction of the tunnel to be formed then to coat the inner wall of this excavation with a thickness of concrete or equivalent which ensures the holding of the ground and delimits the internal passage in the tunnel.

  The direction of elongation or direction of digging here will be called the direction in which the excavation extends essentially. For example, for a tunnel, it is its length between its entry and exit.

  Thus, to reinforce such an excavation dug, is placed against the ground, in the corresponding surface of the tunnel, a given thickness of a suitable coating, adapted to catch the unevenness of the drilling and also to form a nearly uniform layer of dressing and reinforcement or retaining, depending on the profile of the tunnel section.

  For this, it is usual to use a formwork from metal partitions, often called banches, arranged at a given spacing from the inner surface of the tunnel, to delimit a space of 2881791 2 confinement, closed, equal to the thickness of the concrete layer to be formed, this space being intended to be filled with a liquid cement incorporating aggregates, poured in place and such that, after hardening and removal of the panels, the final concrete wall is thus created.

  In order to support the rafters, a carrier structure placed in the tunnel in the direction of extension of the latter is typically used.

  This structure can therefore support partitions that are articulated on it and, in the folded position, do not interfere with the introduction of the structure in the tunnel In unfolded position, these partitions form the banches.

  The liquid concrete, or any solidifiable masonry material, brought into a liquid or semiliquid state in said confinement space, is then cast in place between the partitions and the inner wall of the tunnel. Casting in place is typically done through at least one flexible pipe.

  All this is described in a more detailed manner in FR-A-2 691 204 from which is also drawn the foregoing description.

  To perfect the delimitation of said space or volume of containment, it is further known to use stop masks, at each end of said metal partitions.

  Thus, there is already known a formwork device comprising: formwork panels, adapted to be disposed opposite, at a distance, from the internal surface of the excavation, to essentially define said formwork surface over a predetermined length of the excavation, 2881791 3 in said direction of elongation or digging, between a first longitudinal end and a second longitudinal end, - stop masks extending transversely to the formwork panels, to one and / or the another one of said first and second longitudinal ends, substantially between the form surface and an inner surface of the excavation immediately close, leaving free space vis-à-vis the latter.

  Also known is a formwork device comprising: - a support structure provided with formwork means adapted to be arranged in the manner of an arch facing said inner surface of the excavation, at least one filling mouth being reserved to supply the containment volume with the liquid or semiliquid masonry material, and at least one piping receiving from a source said masonry material in its liquid or semi-liquid state, this piping being adapted to supply the masonry material to the filling mouth carried by the support structure.

  Also known is a device for supplying said containment volume, this device comprising.

  at least one connecting conduit adapted to communicate with one of the filling mouths of the containment volume and to be connected to said piping; and a mobile guillotine system for selectively closing and opening the communication between the piping and the containment volume, through said conduit.

  A problem that is to be solved here on this type of device is that of the appearance of the reinforcement wall, the time taken to achieve it, making it relatively uniform on the surface, and the total cost of production.

  To achieve all or part of these objectives, a proposed solution is that the guillotine system is disposed substantially flush with the filling mouth, to obtain a substantially carrotless reinforcing wall at the location of the mouth considered .

  In a complementary manner, provision is advantageously made.

  that the connecting duct comprises a fixed section and a movable section, said movable section being movable between a first position in alignment with the fixed section and a second position offset with respect to the first aligned position, thus breaking the communication between the fixed portions; and mobile, - and that the guillotine system comprises control means for driving in movement said movable section relative to the fixed section, thus breaking the core of masonry material once it solidified, during the passage of said section mobile from his first to his second position.

  Thus, the time and cost of making the reinforcement wall at the location of the (each) filling mouth are optimized.

  Regarding the method of proceeding to the objectives mentioned above, the method of the invention advises to break the communication between the feed pipe filling material and the corresponding filling mouth substantially flush with this mouth, to thereby obtain a reinforcing wall substantially without core at the location of said mouthpiece concerned.

  It is also advisable to incline the movable section relative to the horizontal, at the time of breaking the solid core, or after it has been broken, until a position where the solid core is extracted from the section mobile.

  Advantageously, it makes accessible for this an upper opening of the movable section and act on the core through this upper opening of the movable section to make it out.

  In the following description of an exemplary embodiment, references are made to the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an excavation in a rocky terrain to form a tunnel and in which is disposed a movable support structure provided with a formwork device known in FR-A 2 691 204, before introduction of the masks and sealing flaps of the invention; - Figure 2 is a section like that of Figure 1 and in the same state; the support structure is less detailed, but appears a rigid liquid concrete distribution pipe ring portion, - Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of the tunnel shown in Figure 2, showing a possible arrangement of several pipes stiffened above for distributing concrete or equivalent, in the containment volume; FIG. 4 is the enlarged detail IV of FIG. 1, after installation of the feed device of the invention, here in the position of passage of the filling material, while FIG. 5 shows the same feed device. in the closed position, here the breaking position of the core and the fall of it out of the device; and FIG. 6 is a front view, in the direction of the arrow VI of FIG.

  In what follows, the solidifiable masonry material evoked before will be defined as concrete, preferably a so-called self-compacting concrete, very fluid and favorable to the present situation. We will therefore call the stopping masks already mentioned, masks stopping concrete.

  FIG. 1 shows a possible embodiment of the support structure and its formwork means, with a concrete supply of the confinement volume 21 directly via the flexible pipework 38.

  Like FR-A 2 691 204, the shuttering device 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 is installed in a tunnel, facing a rock structure 10 through which a tunnel passage 11 has been drilled or excavated. and against which it is necessary to realize a substantially smooth wall of concrete, continuously over the entire depth or length of this tunnel (axis or direction of elongation 11b, Figure 3).

  For this purpose, use is made here of the support structure 12 comprising a horizontal platform 13 and stiffening members such as 14 and 15. The platform 13 also has, on each of its sides, crosspieces 16 joined together. each platform to the platform 17. This platform comprises vertical uprights 18 provided with support wheels on the ground 19, allowing the displacement of the support structure 12 inside the tunnel. according to the direction IIb of the latter, in depth.

  The support structure 12 also comprises an upper wall 20, formed by a fixed metal partition, in one or more parts, extending here in the manner of a vault, substantially parallel to the inner surface of the passage 11 in the upper part the tunnel, defining with it a significant limit of the containment volume 21.

  Furthermore, are articulated on the crosspieces 16, two side walls such as 24 and 25, symmetrical to each other and directed respectively to the corresponding portions of the inner surface, an extension of the upper wall 20, thus extending to the sides of the tunnel the volume 21.

  Each of these partitions 24 and 25 is articulated on the end of the cross member 16 associated about an axis, respectively 24a and 25a. In addition, it is associated with a control cylinder 26 formed of two movable parts relative to each other, the first portion 27 being hinged at 28 on the connecting element 17 provided between the cross member 16 and the plate -form 16, while the other part 29 is articulated on an axis 30 carried by a support plate 31 integral with the lower end of the partition.

  Each of the partitions 24 and 25 has a lower edge 32 capable of coming into contact with a surface 33 provided in a support seat 34 previously made at the base of the passage 11.

  Means are also provided to immobilize in position the partition vis-à-vis the bench, constituted by a screw jack 35 carried by the partition and whose adjustable head is adapted to bear on the seat 34.

  The control of the pivoting of each of the partitions 24 and 25 around their axes 24a and 25a, in particular to allow folding these partitions towards the inside of the tunnel when the support structure 12 must be moved in it, or on the contrary for unfolding these partitions and bringing them into contact with the bench in the manner indicated above, in order to confine the liquid concrete in the volume 21 for the formation of the wall, is carried out by means of a second cylinder 36 articulated with a part on the axis 24a or 25a as appropriate and, on the other hand, around a parallel axis provided on one of the two parts of the jack 26.

  At the location of the top of the upper formwork 20 formwork means, one (typically among several) filling mouth 37 is reserved for supplying the confinement volume 21 with said liquid or semi-liquid concrete 39.

  A flexible pipe 38 receives this concrete from a source 40. This pipework therefore provides the masonry material to the filling mouth 37 carried by the support structure.

  From the source 40, the pipe runs on the ground, before rising to the mouth 37 under which it hangs, here freely.

  In FIGS. 2 and 3, in order not to overload them, only a portion of the elements of the support structure 12 have been reproduced as an illustration. Thus, the formwork means 42 comprising in particular the metal partitions are shown. , such as 20, 24 and 25, and the flexible pipe 38a fed with flexible concrete from the source 40, it being understood that there could of course be several pipes 38a.

  When disposed opposite, at a short distance, from the inner surface 11a of the wall 10, the formwork panels 20, 24 ... form, over a length L determined, a substantially sealed and continuous partition, and thus define a surface formwork 43.

  Also present are several filling mouths formed through the aforementioned metal partitions, and identified here 37a, 137a, 147a, 157a, 167a. These mouths of course communicate with the confinement space 21. The dashed arrows mark the concrete supply of this volume.

  In FIGS. 2 and 3, the flexible pipe 38a is not connected directly to the filling mouths but to one or more distribution pipes of the masonry material considered, while still liquid or semi-liquid.

  In Figure 2, we see only one such conduit, identified 42a, in the form of a vault. It stands facing the formwork means, along and at a distance from said metal partitions such as 20,24,25. The distribution line 42 is connected on one side to the supply line 38a and, from place to place, to the filling mouths 37a, 137a ... 167a.

  In Figure 3, there are several vaulted distribution pipes (42a, 42b, 42c, 42d) distributed in different places in the direction of the elongation or depth llb of the tunnel.

  The distribution pipes are here supported by the support structure 12, for example at the location of its frame, slightly away from the moving partitions 20, 24.

  In FIG. 3, there are marked 44a, 44b, 44c three arches or bars of attachment to the support structure 12 of distribution lines, here 42a, 42d.

  It can further be seen that the distribution lines 42a ... 42d each have a ring-shaped strapping adapted to the corresponding shape of the passage 11.

  The pipes thus substantially circled stand between two ends of feet, labeled 420 and 421 for the distribution line 42a in Figure 2, and a curved apex 422 near the mouth 37a summit.

  In Figure 3, to facilitate their identification in the figure, the distribution pipes 42a ... 42b ring portion have been hatched.

  The connection between the supply pipe 38a and the distribution pipe concerned, 42a, comprises a connection mouth 46 located near a foot end, here 421, this being applicable to other distribution pipes, see for example identified mouth 48 for the distribution line 42b in FIG.

  In FIG. 2, the vaulted distribution line 42a comprises, in correspondence of the filling mouths 37a, 137a ... (which are therefore located at different elevation levels), a plurality of distribution mouths, such as 48a, 48b, 48c .

  Figure 3 appear other distribution mouths such as 52b, 54b, 56b, carried by the concerned vaulted distribution pipes and connected to the corresponding filling mouths, to distribute the concrete in the volume 21, from different levels. 'food.

  The vaulted distribution conduits 42a, 42b, ... communicate with each other in the manner of a network.

  For this, complementary conduits, transverse to the vaulted conduits 42a, 42b, ... and connecting them in pairs are provided. Three of these complementary lines, here rectilinear, 58,60,62 have been illustrated and identified.

  All the more so with a fluid concrete, such as a self-placing concrete on the market, it will be possible to distribute appropriately and quickly fluid feed material of the different filling mouths, and thus promote the filling conditions of the containment volume 21.

  Of course, it could be at least one of these transverse complementary conduits that could be connected to the (the) flexible pipe (s) such as 38a.

  3, it can be seen that at the two longitudinal ends 64a, 64b (axis lib, length L) of the formwork means (and therefore of the support structure 12), the volume 21 is frontally limited by a concrete stop mask, respectively 66.68.

  Each concrete barrier mask, which may be in particular metal or wood, comprises several plates placed edge to edge by their edge and extending substantially between the form surface 43 and an area immediately close to the inner surface 11a of the excavation, leaving free a space 71 vis-à-vis the inner surface 11a.

  Around them, the assembled masks, installed, leave at each end 64a, 64b a substantially annular space between their periphery (itself arcuate substantially in a circle portion) and the inner surface 11a facing the tunnel. Figure 3, this space appears occupied by a sealing lip 74, flexible, in one or more parts advantageously joined together, and extending between the periphery of the mask 66, 68 and the facing wall 11a.

  More specifically, the flap borders externally and advantageously a flexible sealing membrane 76 (for example plastic) which doubly favors the irregular internal surface lla to smooth the irregularities of the wall.

  FIGS. 4 and 5 show a modified filling mouth 37 provided with the feed device 80 of the invention and therefore situated at the location of the form surface 43, here of the formwork panel 20 (taking account of the formwork area considered).

  The feed device 80 comprises a connecting pipe 81 interposed between the mouth 37 and a supply pipe 38 (flexible or rigid, taking into account what has been indicated above) to which it has been connected in order to be fed with said masonry material.

  A sliding guillotine system 82 closes and selectively opens communication between the piping and the containment volume, through the connecting conduit 81.

  This guillotine system is disposed substantially flush with the mouth 37, so to obtain a reinforcement wall 83 substantially without core at the location of said (each) mouth.

  The connection duct 81 illustrated comprises a fixed portion 84 and a movable portion 85. The portion 85 is movable between a first position in alignment with, or substantially in continuity with, the fixed portion (FIG. 4) to allow the concrete to pass through, and a second position offset from the first aligned position, thereby disrupting communication between the fixed and movable portions (Figures 5 and 6).

  As for the guillotine system 82, it comprises control means 86 for driving the movable portion 85 in motion relative to the fixed portion 84, thus making it possible to break the core of masonry material once it has solidified, during the passage from the movable portion of its first to second position. Indeed, to act on the control 86, it is advisable to wait until the material 39 has taken and that the core 87 is (substantially) solid in the section 85.

  The control may include a large handle attached to a cylinder 88 itself rotatably mounted (rotatable) relative to the fixed body 89 which comprises the fixed portion of conduit 84, the movable portion belonging to the cylinder 88. The body 89 is fixed possibly removably, here by clamping, to the formwork device (support structure 12). Formwork stiffeners 90 rigidify at the periphery of the zone of the structure 12 where the guillotine connecting pipe 81 is fixed, here on either side of the mouth 37 (FIGS. 5 and 6).

  To make it possible to break the core 87 (substantially) flush with the mouth, it is recommended that the movable portion 85 be located downstream of the fixed portion or a major part of this fixed portion, in the direction of flow of the masonry material of the piping towards said mouth, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, in which the barrel, and in particular said movable portion 85, terminates the duct immediately in sliding contact with the mouth 37.

  5, it will be noted that in its second offset position, the movable portion 85 is inclined relative to the horizontal and thus has a lower opening 85a directed downwards and adapted so that the core of solidified masonry material contained in it can fall (see arrow). The angle of fall will be adapted according to the position of the mouth.

  Advantageously, the movable portion 85 has even here, in this second offset position, an upper opening 85b accessible from above and through which one reaches the core of masonry material contained in this movable portion, to separate it.

  In particular, the movable portion will preferably be a cylinder or sphere (see illustrations).

  From the foregoing, the operation of the feed device 80 is understood: When the confinement volume 21 is to be filled with said liquid or semi-liquid concrete 39, the communication is opened and said movable portion 85 is therefore in its first position of Figure 4. Solidified wall 83, or at least once reached the desired level of filling of the volume 21, the communication is closed and the movable portion 85 then passes in its second position of Figure 5. It then breaks the carrot 87 and thus leaves a wall 83 substantially without carrot at the location of the mouth 37 concerned. Material 39 (substantially) solidified, is extracted (for example by gravity) the core 87 out of the section 85 which then can still contain it.

  Other levers than the U-shaped handle 86 could be used.

  Without being carrotless, the wall 83 will have only a short at the location of each mouth, thus significantly reducing the work, time and cost of finishing.

  As understood from the foregoing description, the term "guillotine system" is generally used to mean any door or barrier means for selectively interrupting the passage of the filling material at the location of the mouthpiece concerned. , and this a priori (and in first consideration) whatever the form (cylinder, sphere, bolt).

Claims (1)

16 CLAIMS   1. Device (80) for supplying a confinement volume (21) to be defined, or defined, between a form surface (43) of a device (12, 20) intended in particular for the production of a wall (83) solidifiable masonry material provided in a liquid or semiliquid state, within said containment volume, and the inner surface (11) of an excavation to be reinforced by doubling with said wall of masonry material, the supply device comprising: - a connecting duct (81) adapted to communicate with a mouth (37, 137) for filling the containment volume and to be connected to a pipe (88) so as to be supplied with said masonry material and a movable guillotine system (82) for selectively closing and opening communication between the piping and the containment volume, through said conduit (81), characterized in that the guillotine system (82) is sensibly disposed t flush with the filling mouth (37), to obtain a said wall (83) substantially without core at the location of said mouth.   2. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that: -the connecting duct comprises a fixed portion (84) and a movable portion (85), the movable portion being movable between a first position in alignment with the fixed portion and a second position shifted relative to the first aligned position, thus breaking the communication between the fixed and movable portions, - and the guillotine system (82) comprises control means (86) for driving the moving portion relative to the portion in motion. fixed, thereby breaking the core (87) of masonry material once it solidified, during the passage of the movable portion (85) from its first to its second position.   3. Feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable portion (85) is located downstream of the fixed portion (84) or a major portion of said fixed portion, in the direction of flow of the masonry material from the pipework to the filling mouth (37 ..).   4. Feeding device according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a fixed body (89) attached to a formwork device (12) belonging to the device for producing the wall and a zone defines said formwork surface (43), the body comprising said fixed portion (84), the movable portion (85) belonging to a cylinder rotatably mounted relative to the body.   5. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that in its second offset position, the movable portion (85) is inclined relative to the horizontal and thus has an opening (85a) directed downwards. adapted so that the core (87) of solidified masonry material contained therein can fall.   6. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the movable portion (85) has, in its second offset position, an opening (85b) accessible from above and through which one reaches the core ( 87) of masonry material contained in this movable portion, to separate it.   7. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the movable portion (85) is in the form of a cylinder or a sphere.   8. A method of supplying a defined containment volume between a formwork surface (43) of a device intended in particular for producing a reinforcing wall made of solidifiable masonry material in a liquid or semiliquid state. at the location of at least one mouth (37 ..) filling said confinement volume, and the inner surface (11) of an excavation to be reinforced by doubling it with said wall (83) of masonry material, in which method, the mouth (37,137 ...) of filling is provided with a connecting pipe (81) adapted to communicate with this mouthpiece and to be connected to a pipe (38) in order to be fed with said material masonry, and a movable guillotine system (82) for selectively closing and opening the communication between the piping and the containment volume (21), through said duct, characterized in that at the location of the duct connection (81) on r ompt the communication between the pipe and the filling mouth (37) substantially flush with the mouth, to obtain a reinforcement wall (83) substantially without core at the location of this mouth.   9. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that, to break the communication is allowed to solidify the masonry material within said connecting duct (81,85) and break this communication when the material is solid .   10. The method of claim 8 or 9, characterized in that - the connecting pipe is equipped with a fixed portion (84) and a movable portion (85), the movable portion being movable between a first position substantially in the continuity of the fixed portion for a circulation of said material and a second position shifted with respect to the first, thus breaking the communication between the fixed and movable portions, - the guillotine system (82) of control means is provided ( 86) to cause a movement to the movable portion relative to the fixed portion, and it acts on these control means to break the core (87) once it solidified, during the passage of the movable portion of its first to its second position, and, during the passage of this movable portion from its first to its second position, said moving portion is inclined relative to the horizontal to a position where the solid core (87) is extracted. out of the po mobile service.