FR2868832A1 - MILITARY HEAD GENERATOR OF DEATHS - Google Patents

Abstract

The component has a priming unit, and explosive loads (17a, 17b) that are disposed in casings (8a, 8b). The priming unit comprises of rings of detonation relays (9a, 9b) which are angularly distributed around an axis (3) of the warhead component. The detonation relays are disposed in the vicinity of the explosive loads and have their operation directions oriented radially towards the axis.

Description

The technical field of the invention is that of military heads

spark generator.

  It is known to produce splinter-generating military heads in which the generated chips can be focused in a direction of approach of a threat.

  The patents FR2678723, US5544589 and the utility certificate FR2388468 thus describe a warhead in which explosive charges distributed around a fragment-generating envelope make it possible to ensure a deformation of the localized envelope opposite a detected target. by a proximity rocket. Furthermore the utility certificate FR2388468 proposes to ensure the initiation of the load by a priming means disposed in a manner diametrically opposed to the deformed zone of the envelope.

  Such a solution is complex to implement. Deformation loads must be integrated as well as their specific means of initiation.

  It is the object of the invention to provide a military head generating chips of simple structure but nevertheless ensuring the projection of the chips towards a target.

  Thus, the subject of the invention is a splinter-generating warhead comprising at least one explosive charge disposed in an envelope, and a priming means, characterized in that the priming means comprises at least one relay ring of detonation evenly distributed angularly around the axis of the military head, relays arranged in the vicinity of the explosive charge and having their direction of action oriented substantially radially towards the axis of the head.

  According to one embodiment, the military head may comprise two coaxial explosive loading blocks of the same diameter, the relay ring being disposed between the two blocks.

  According to another embodiment, the military head may comprise a single explosive loading block, the relay ring being disposed at one end of the block.

  The relays may be integral with an inert support.

  According to a particular embodiment, the military head may comprise a single explosive loading block, the relay ring being disposed substantially at a central plane of the block, each relay being positioned in a radial hole of the charging block.

  The casing generating chips may be constituted by two cylindrical portions disposed on either side of the relay ring.

  Alternatively, the head may comprise a single envelope generating shards pierced with radial holes opposite each relay.

  According to another embodiment, the military head may be disposed inside a munition case and have a diameter smaller than the inside diameter of the case.

  Advantageously, each relay may be dimensioned so as not to be able to initiate explosive charging alone, this initiation being however possible when at least two relays are initiated simultaneously.

  The relay ring may be connected to an electronic ignition device, itself connected to a proximity rocket that can detect the position of a target relative to the military head, the triggering device determining from the positioning of target the relays that must be initiated to direct the shards towards the target.

  The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of various embodiments, a description given with reference to the accompanying drawings and in which: - Figure 1 is a simplified diagram showing the attack of a target by a ammunition incorporating a military head 5 according to the invention, - Figures 2a and 2b are two views of a first embodiment of a military head according to the invention, the view 2a being a partial longitudinal section and the view 2b a cross-section taken along the plane whose track AA is marked in Figure 2a, - Figure 3a is a sectional view schematically showing the connection of the detonation relay and the electronic ignition device, - Figure 3b shows the operation of the device 4a and 4b are two views of a second embodiment of a military head according to the invention, the view 4a being a partial longitudinal section and the view 4b a sectional view. Ransversal made according to the plane whose trace BB is marked in Figure 4a, - Figures 5a and 5b are two views of a third embodiment of a military head according to the invention, the view 5a is a partial longitudinal section and the view 5b a cross-section taken along the plane whose trace CC is marked in FIG. 5a; FIGS. 6a and 6b are two views of a fourth embodiment of a military head according to the invention, the view 6a being a partial longitudinal section and the view 6b a cross section taken along the plane whose track DD is marked in FIG. 6a; FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment variant of a military head according to FIG. the invention.

  Figure 1 shows a munition 1, for example a missile, which passes close to a target 2 such an aircraft.

  The trajectory 3 of the munition (which is also the axis of the ammunition) is substantially parallel to the trajectory 4 of the target and it is at a distance D from the latter.

  The munition 1 comprises a proximity fuse 5 whose detection directions (81, 82 ... 8i) are distributed in a cone, coaxial with the axis 3 of the munition, and half-angle at the vertex O. Such proximity rockets are well known to those skilled in the art. The patents FR2388468 and FR2678723 describe exemplary embodiments of such rockets. These rockets are equipped with sensors of radar technology or infrared. The rocket 5 makes it possible to determine the direction 8i according to which the target 2 is positioned with respect to the munition.

  The ammunition 1 is provided with a military head 6 which projects splinters.

  In FIG. 1, the vector V schematizes the projection speed of the fragments in a reference frame linked to the munition. The vector VR is the velocity vector of the ammunition 1. The composition of these two velocity vectors leads to a projection of the fragments in a direction A. In accordance with the invention, the military head 6 is provided with means of initiation for focusing the splinters in the direction of the target 2.

  Figures 2a and 2b show a first embodiment. The military head 6 is housed in a case 7 of the ammunition, the case may be metallic or made of a composite material.

  According to this particular embodiment, the military head 6 comprises two blocks 17a, 17b of an explosive charge. These two blocks are cylindrical and coaxial and their axis axis 3 of the ammunition 1. They also have the same diameter.

  Each block 17a, 17b is disposed in a separate chip generating envelope 8a, 8b which is closed at one end by a cover 12a, 12b. These envelopes will be made of steel or dense alloy and they may include machining or a particular embrittlement treatment favoring the formation of chips. These machining or treatments are well known to those skilled in the art.

  In accordance with the invention, the military head 6 is provided with a priming means which comprises at least one ring of detonation relays 9 regularly angularly distributed about the axis 3 of the warhead 6.

  Here the head 6 has six detonation relays 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e and 9f (see Figure 2b). These relays are arranged in the vicinity of the explosive charge blocks 17a and 17b and they each have their direction of action (da, db, dc, dd, de, df) which is oriented substantially radially towards the axis 3 of the warhead 6. These directions of action are shown in Figure 3a.

  According to this particular embodiment, the ring of the relays 9 is disposed between the two explosive blocks 17a and 17b and the relays 9 are all integral with an inert support 10 which is interposed between the two explosive charge blocks 17a and 17b. For clarity of the drawing in Figure 2a the support 10 is shown uncut and the relays are relays 9f, 9e and 9d.

  The support 10 will be formed for example by a block of polyamide or by another type of plastic or composite material.

  All the relays 9 are connected by wires (not shown in these figures) to an electronic ignition device 11 itself connected to the proximity rocket 5. The son may be positioned for example in longitudinal grooves of the case 7.

  The rocket 5 makes it possible to detect the position of the target 2 with respect to the military head 6. From this positioning of the target, the ignition device determines the relays 9 which must be initiated in order to orient the fragments towards the target 2.

  Priming device and rocket can of course be constituted by a single subset of the munition 1.

  FIGS. 3a and 3b show the ignition mode of the relay ring 9. All the relays are connected to the ignition device 11 by conductors 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e and 13f. The conductors may be grouped together in a cable 13. It will also be possible, for the sake of simplicity, to implement a two-wire BUS data transmission link which will connect all the relays in parallel in this case. In this case, the relays must comprise a logic electronic circuit. allowing them to communicate with the priming device 11 and to recognize the transmitted commands. The patent FR2801698 describes such a device for logic control of pyrotechnic components.

  Advantageously, each relay 9 will be dimensioned so as not to be able to initiate the explosive charge 17 by itself. This initiation must however be possible when at least two neighboring relays are initiated simultaneously. It is easy for the skilled person to define relays so that the energy provided by the composition of the detonation waves from two relays is sufficient to prime the explosive blocks 17a, 17b while the energy of a single relay is insufficient.

  FIG. 3b shows the progression in the support 10 of the shock waves 14a and 14f coming from the two relays 9a and 9f, initiated simultaneously by the priming device 11. It can be seen that these waves are composed and that a wave results therefrom oriented along the plane of the bisector Aa, f individual directions of action df and da.

  It can therefore be seen that, thanks to the invention, it is possible to give the shock wave coming from the priming means six directions of different actions regularly distributed angularly about the axis 3 of the warhead.

  With the device according to the invention, and in an unusual way, the relays 9 are not oriented towards the explosive blocks to be initiated 17a and 17b.

  The shock wave that is generated by each relay 9, however, has a spherical symmetry. It therefore progresses not only in the direction Aa, f but also laterally in each of the blocks 17a, 17b.

  FIG. 3c shows this progression of the shock waves 15 and 16 which develop from the support 10 towards the ends of the blocks 17a and 17b in the directions (Aa, f) 1 and (Aa, f) 2 which are symmetrical. one from the other with respect to the radial direction Aa, f.

  The kinetic energy is then maximal for the chips generated by the envelope generators 8a, 8b which are arranged facing the target. It is minimal for the chips generated by the neighboring envelope generators of the initiated relays (9a, 9f), therefore for the generatrices which are oriented in a direction opposite to that of the target.

  This results in a projection of the splinters generated by the envelope in a privileged way towards the target 2.

  It can be seen that the invention makes it possible, with an extremely simple mounting of the priming means, to produce a military head that can orient the chips in several preferred directions, the direction being chosen according to the indications given by a proximity rocket.

  Note also that a simultaneous initiation of six relays can generate in each block of explosive 17a, 17b a detonation wave progressing along the axis 3 of the warhead and this in a manner equivalent to what would be obtained with a single relay axially disposed at one end of the block. The military head according to the invention can therefore also operate with a flash generation mode following an unfocused spray.

  Figures 4a and 4b show a military head 6 10 according to a second embodiment of the invention.

  This embodiment differs from the previous one in that there is only one block 17 explosive charge.

  The block 17 carries radial holes 18, non-emerging, regularly angularly distributed, holes made at a substantially median plane 19 of the military head 6. In Figure 4a only the silhouette of the relays located behind the longitudinal section plane is visible (in broken lines).

  Each hole 18 receives a relay 9. As before, each relay has its direction of action oriented substantially radially towards the axis 3 of the head 6. There is here, as in the previous example, six relays 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e and 9f evenly distributed angularly around the axis 3 (see Figure 4b).

  All the relays are connected to an electronic ignition device 11, itself connected to the rocket 5.

  To facilitate the mounting of this warhead 6, the shrapnel envelope is here constituted by two cylindrical portions 8a and 8b disposed on either side of the relay ring 9. A layer 20 of setting material is optionally interposed between the two envelopes 8a and 8b and surrounds the rear ends of the relays 9.

  This embodiment operates in a similar manner to that of the previous mode. However, the relays being disposed directly in the explosive material, the detonation characteristics are better. The mass of explosive is also superior.

  The splinter distribution obtained is substantially the same as in the previous embodiment.

  Figures 5a and 5b show a third embodiment of a military head according to the invention.

  This mode differs from the previous one in that the single explosive block 17 is surrounded by a single envelope generating splinters 8. The relays 9 are always arranged in holes 18 made in the explosive block 17 at a central plane 19. To allow the connection of the relays 9 to the electronic priming device 11 (by not shown wires), the casing 8 also carries holes 21 of greater diameter than the holes 18 (see Figure 5b). These holes may be filled with a setting material such as a synthetic resin.

  Different variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.

  Figures 6a and 6b and show a military head 6 in which a detonation relay ring 9 is disposed on one side of a single block 17 of explosive material.

  The relay ring 9 is disposed in an inert support 10 which is applied against the explosive charge block 17. For the clarity of the drawing in FIG. 6a, the block is shown uncut and the visible relays are the relays 9f, 9e and 9d .

  The mode of operation is similar to that described above with reference to FIGS. 2a to 3c. This embodiment makes it possible to project the chips for example in the direction (Ad, c) i.

  This military head is easy to implement and integrate into a munition.

  Figure 7 mounts a military head according to an alternative embodiment of the invention. This variant differs from the previous ones in that the warhead 6 is sub-calibrated with respect to the internal diameter of the case 7.

  The head represented here has a structure similar to that of FIGS. 2a and 2b and thus comprises two explosive blocks 17a, 17b separated by a relay ring 9 disposed in an inert support 10.

  The two blocks 17a, 17b and the support 10 are bonded to each other by gluing. The assembly is also secured to the two end covers 12a and 12b which are at the inside diameter of the case 7 and which ensure the radial positioning of the head relative to the case 7.

  The directory space separating the inner surface of the case 7 and the military head 6 has a thickness of a few millimeters. Such an arrangement makes it possible to easily pass the various wires 13 connecting the relays 9 to the starting device 11.

  It is possible, after completion of the wiring, to set up a layer of setting resin between the military head 6 and the case 7. One will then fix one of the two covers 12 or 12b after placement of the resin.

Claims (10)

  A military head (6) generating shards comprising at least one explosive charge (17) disposed in a casing (8), and a means for priming, head characterized in that the priming means comprises at least one crown detonation relay (9) regularly angularly distributed about the axis (3) of the military head, relays arranged in the vicinity of the explosive charge and having their direction of action (da ... df) oriented substantially radially towards the axis (3) of the head.   2- Military head according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two blocks (17a, 17b) of explosive charge, coaxial blocks and the same diameter, the relay ring (9) being disposed between the two blocks.   3- military head according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a single block (17) explosive loading, the relay ring (9) being disposed at one end of the block.   4- Military head according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the relays (9) are integral with an inert support (10).   5. Military head according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a single block (17) of explosive loading, the relay ring (9) being disposed substantially at a central plane (19) of the block, each relay (9) being positioned in a radial hole (18) of the charging block.   6. Military head according to one of claims 2 or 5, characterized in that the casing generating chips is constituted by two cylindrical portions (8a, 8b) disposed on either side of the relay ring '(9) .   7- military head according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a single casing generating chips (8) pierced with radial holes (21) opposite each relay.   8- military head according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is disposed inside a case (7) of ammunition, and in that it has a diameter smaller than the internal diameter of the case.   9- military head according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each relay (9) is dimensioned so as not to be able to initiate alone the explosive charge (17), this initiation being however possible when at least two relays are initiated simultaneously.   10- military head according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the relay ring (9) is connected to an electronic priming device (11), itself connected to a proximity rocket (5) can detect the position of a target (2) relative to the warhead (6), the triggering device determining from the positioning of the target the relays to be initiated to direct the chips towards the target (2) .