FR2791083A1 - Emergency door with vertical translation is opened by cables and pulleys activated by hydraulic actuator, and opened in emergency by activating parts directly connected to actuator rod - Google Patents

Abstract

Large dimension rapidly opening emergency door comprises leaf (1) which opens upwards. Driving parts are connected to the leaf by a system of cables (5) and pulleys (6) which displace leaf during normal or emergency operation. Driving parts comprise double acting hydraulic actuator whose rod is connected to leaf by cables. Actuator piston chambers are connected to hydraulic control unit through hydraulic circuit. When there is break in electrical current electro safety valve immediately controls transfer into emergency operating mode. This releases mechanical energy stored by counterweights (9) directly connected to actuator rod and automatically opens door to height allowing passage.

Description

l

  The present invention relates to a security door.

  vertically translating rity with quick opening and, in particular

  culier, a large door especially intended for

  equip exhibition halls open to the public or to

  neighboring plications for example in the field of

  industry, army, mass distribution, etc ...

  We have never proposed a door to transla-

  tion of large vertical, that is to say having a width of up to 8 to 10 meters for a height of up to several tens of meters, capable of equipping a room called to receive a large crowd and respecting the safety standards imposed by authorities to allow rapid evacuation of the public in the event of

  in particular that can be opened in seconds

  des, preferably in less than five seconds at a height sufficient to allow the passage fixed as a rule

at 2.05 meters.

  The object of the present invention is to fill

this gap.

  To this end, it relates to a security door, characterized in that it comprises: - at least one leaf or lower leaf opening upwards by vertical translation - motorized members connected to the lower leaf by

  via a textured cable or strap system

  and pulleys to control the movement of this van

  tail in a normal operating mode or in a safety operating mode, and - switching devices capable of controlling the

  transfer of the motorisation members from the operating mode-

  normally normal to the safety operating mode.

  The door according to the invention may comprise a single leaf or several superimposed leaves in which case only the lower leaf is motorized. This leaf (s)

  is (are) preferably fitted with guide rollers

  slides sliding in guide rails mounted on the

  lateral uprights of a sleeping frame.

  When the security door has several overlapping leaves, these are offset in the horizontal plane.

  zontal so that it can be folded side by side when the door is in the open position; the displacement of the successive higher van-5 rates is automatically driven by that of the lower leaf thanks to cleats fitted to the leaves at their ends and successively coming into abutment two by two to allow the opening or closing of the

door, leaf after leaf.

  In accordance with the invention, the leaves generally consist of a U-shaped frame and a

  insulating core, for example made of polyurethane or mineral wool

  rail, coated on either side with a sheet of steel or any other constituent; they can, moreover, include glazed parts or even have a particular structure

  burglar-proof, armored, anti-radiation, insulating, anti-burglary

noise etc ...

  In the latter case, it is advantageous to provide members capable of guaranteeing airtightness

  and / or sound insulation such as brushes, inflatable seals

wheat, compressed seals, ...

  As a rule, the lower leaf is generally

  rale equipped with a fall arrest system imposed by the authorities.

  It should be noted that when it is of great di-

  mension, the security door according to the invention can

  have a weight of several tonnes.

  According to the invention, in normal operating mode

  badly and in particular to allow the passage of large en-

  gins, the motorization of the door, whether in the direction of its opening or closing, is ensured by an essentially vertical double-acting hydraulic cylinder whose rod is connected to the lower leaf by the system of cables or textile straps and pulleys and whose chambers of

  piston are conventionally connected to a hy-

  control hydraulics via a hy-

  hydraulics. This hydraulic cylinder is mounted so that

  the extension of its rod causes the displacement of the leaf

  towards its open position while its retraction

  causes it to move to its closed position.

  In safety operating mode, the motori-

  The door is secured by emergency actuators directly connected to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder. These emergency actuators are susceptible

  to store mechanical energy when the leaf

  is closed and automatically returned, without

  supply of external energy to open this leaf to a high

  switch allowing the switch to safety operating mode

  rite. According to the invention, the actuating members of

  relief may consist of at least one helical spring

  one of whose ends is connected to the ground while the other end is connected to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder

  or by at least one coiled torsion spring

performing with an auxiliary drum.

  Such springs must have mechanical energy.

  potential higher than the mass of the lower leaf.

  Advantageously, these emergency actuating members are however generally constituted by a counterweight placed high and having a mass greater than that of the lower leaf; it should be noted that in the case

  of very large doors, the mass of this counter

  weight circulating, of course, in a closed cage and pro-

  tegée, can reach several tons.

  According to the invention, the switching of the door

  safety from normal operating mode to operating mode

  Safety operation is ensured by a tensioned safety solenoid valve which is connected to the hydraulic circuit to isolate the jack from the hydraulic unit when it is not supplied with electricity and control

  emptying into a bypass line connected to a reservoir

  see, following the pressurization by gravity of the hy-

hydraulics.

  The presence of this safety solenoid valve which operates in positive safety, that is to say controls the switching of the door to safety operating mode as soon as it is no longer supplied with current corresponds to an essential characteristic of the invention: in fact, thanks to this configuration, any power cut occurring when the lower leaf of the door is closed, almost immediately causes the solenoid valve to switch

  safety and consequently the natural emptying of the hydraulic cylinder

  that and the release of the energy stored by the emergency actuation members in particular by the counterweight which is heavier than the lower leaf to open the

  door at a height allowing passage.

  This power cut can for example be consecutive to an action on a manual release placed near the door, to a power failure

  or to an order given by a central control station.

  It should be noted that the transfer of the door in safety operating mode can be carried out in one

  time much less than 1 second, since it is consecu-

  tif at the simple switching of a solenoid valve.

  The return of the door to normal operating mode is then generally obtained by lifting the order to transfer the door to safety operating mode, through an operator authorized to

site security.

  According to another characteristic of the invention,

  the security door is fitted with a panic bar

  rizontal known in itself; the forward thrust of

  this bar, in the direction of the exit by a crowd in panic

  that automatically involves the transfer of the safety door

  safety in safety operating mode and opening the leaf less than a height allowing passage,

  following the actuation of contactors associated with the electro-

  safety valve to control the supply break

running from it.

  Note that in the event of panic, the crowd

  exerts a horizontal force on the security door

  ture to counteract the vertical force allowing its opening

  ture in particular safety operating mode

  following the downward movement of the counterweight.

  To take account of this problem and compensate for this horizontal force, it is planned, in accordance with the invention, to overweight the counterweight by adding an additional mass per linear meter of door, or if necessary to choose the potential energy accordingly from where

springs.

  In the case of an exhibition hall frequented by a very large audience, it may be provided, in accordance with

  the invention, to associate the safety solenoid valve with a uni-

  centralized management of emergency exits with a few seconds to cancel the door transfer order in safety operating mode in the presence of a

  cut off the current supply to this solenoid valve.

  One can thus avoid any untimely opening of the door, in particular in the event of untimely actuation of the panic bar; a time delay of a few seconds must of course be provided between the interruption of the current supply to the safety solenoid valve and the

  door transfer to safety operating mode.

  According to a particularly advantageous characteristic

  tagger of the invention, the bypass line is equipped

  a valve for adjusting the drainage rate of the hydraulic cylinder

  security mode operation, including

  micrometric screw tap that can be adjusted manually.

  This characteristic makes it possible to adjust the opening speed of the lower leaf in safety operating mode, or in other words, the time taken by this leaf to rise to the height allowing passage imposed by the standards in force which is as a rule of

2.05 meters.

  It should be noted that during this movement, the jack

  hydraulically absorbs the fall of the counterweight.

  This adjustment can advantageously be carried out from

  so that the security door reaches the above height

  2.05 meters in less than five seconds.

  According to a preferred characteristic of

  invention, the bypass line is equipped with a

  auxiliary adjustment net closing gradually after

  that, in safety operating mode, the door leaf

  has reached the predetermined passage height

  both the evacuation so as to strongly brake its movement

  or stop it completely as needed.

  This auxiliary adjustment valve can, for example, be implemented by means of a cam

  control cooperating with a roller actuated by the counter

  weight when it has moved down a significant distance

  corresponding to the lifting of the leaf lower than the height

allowing passage.

  According to this characteristic, after having reached this height allowing passage, this preferably in less than five seconds, the door continues its opening movement, in particular up to a higher height which is also imposed by standards to allow supply of a sufficient volume of smoke extraction air in the event of a fire, height which is preferably 3 meters, but this is progressively braked: in effect, the auxiliary adjustment valve then progressively throttles the section of the bypass, closing as the lower leaf opens, which leads to slowing it down and then stopping it gently when it has reached the desired upper height; the security door conforms to

  the invention is generally designed so that when

  that in safety operating mode the lower leaf reaches this upper height, it lands on the lintel beam of the fixed frame or comes into contact with the immediately upper leaf via the cleats,

  it is equipped at its upper end.

  It should be noted that, when it has at least two leaves, the security door according to the invention is preferably balanced so that the mass of the assembly of the two lower leaves is slightly greater than

  that of the counterweight or, where appropriate, the potent energy

tielle of the springs.

  In this case, the equilibrium position of the door

  corresponds to the extreme open position ob-

  held in safety operating mode or, in other

  terms, at the smoke extraction position.

  The characteristics of the vertical translation security door which is the subject of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

  * figure 1 represents the internal face of the safety door

  rity, * Figure 2 is a diagram of the operating principle of

this door.

  According to Figures 1 and 2, the security door, which is mounted on a gantry P consists of several superimposed leaves movable in vertical translation, including

  only the two lower leaves 1, 1 'are shown.

  According to the example shown in Figure 1, the lower leaf 1 has four glass parts 19 and is

fitted with a fall arrester 20.

  Each of the leaves 1,1 'consists of a frame, not shown, enclosing an insulating core 2 coated on the side.

  and other by perfectly flat plates 3 (Figure 2).

  Not shown in the figures, each of the leaves 1, 1 ′ is fitted with lateral guide rollers sliding in guide rails mounted on the lateral uprights of the gantry P. The different leaves 1, 1 ′ are offset in the horizontal plane so as to allow them to fold side by side according to arrow A in the door open position

  and are provided at their ends with tabs 4, 4 ′ susceptible-

  to come into abutment two by two to allow the opening

  or closing the door, leaf after leaf.

  More precisely, the lower leaf 1 is re-

  linked to drive members which will be described in more detail in the remainder of this description by a system of steel cables or synthetic straps 5 and pulleys 6, then

  that the upper leaves are not motorized.

  As can be seen in FIG. 2, when the motorisation members control the opening of the door according to arrow A, the lower leaf 1 is first of all alone to be raised by vertical translation then, when the cleat 4 abuts against cleat 4 '

  leaf 1 'immediately above, this leaf 1' is above

  tomatically driven in this movement and so on.

  When the door is closed, this movement occurs

reproduced in reverse.

  According to FIGS. 1 and 2, in normal operating mode, the motorization members consist of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 7 mounted vertically10, the piston chambers of which are connected in a conventional manner.

  to a hydraulic control unit 10 by a hy-

  11 hydraulically shown schematically in Figure 2.

  The rod 8 of the jack 7 is, in turn, connected to the above-mentioned system of cables 5 and pulleys 6 so as to

  control the movement of the lower leaf 1 by transla-

  vertical position and consequently the opening or closing of the door. The configuration of this system is such that

  the extension of the rod 8 of the jack 7 according to the arrow a en-

  drags the movement of the lower leaf 1 upwards se-

  lon arrow A and, consequently, the opening of the door while its retraction according to arrow b causes the displacement of the lower leaf 1 downwards according to arrow B and by

after closing the door.

  According to the figures, the rod 8 of the jack 7 is di-

  directly connected at its lower part to a counterweight 9 whose stroke is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2 and whose mass is close to the sum of the masses of the two lower leaves 1 and 1 ′ so that the position in

  which the stopper 4 comes to bear against the stopper 4 'cor-

  corresponds to the equilibrium position of the system.

  Consequently, when the door is closed, the counterweight 9 stores mechanical energy which can be restored when the door is opened, without any contribution.

of external energy.

  It should be noted that, not shown and without departing from the scope of the invention, the counterweight 9 could be replaced by a band spring capable of storing mechanical energy when the door is

  closed and return it after it is retracted in safety operating mode. Furthermore and according to FIG. 2, the hy-

  11 is fitted with a safety solenoid valve 12

  normally under constant tension so as to

  set the communication between the piston chambers of the cylinder

  7 and the hydraulic unit 10.

  In the event of a supply break in

  solenoid valve 12, this switches automatically

  only to isolate the hydraulic unit 10 and put the

  piston chambers of the cylinder 7 in communication with a

  branch line 13 connected to a fluid reservoir

  hydraulics 14. This switching from the normal operating mode of the jack 7 to a safety operating mode, which occurs almost instantaneously, causes the hydraulic fluid present in the piston chambers of the jack 7 to be pressurized by gravity and the transfer of this fluid

  according to arrow c in the tank 14.

  In this operating mode, the mechanical energy

  that stored by the counterweight 9 in the closed position of the door is automatically restored, which results in

  the opening according to arrow A of the lower leaf 1.

  It should be noted that the switching of the solenoid valve 12 in the safety operating mode can be controlled by the actuation of a panic bar 21 known in itself equipping the lower leaf 1 on its

internal face.

  According to Figure 2, the bypass line 13 is equipped with a micrometric screw tap 15 which can be

  manually adjusted to vary the flow rate

  danger of cylinder 7 in safety operating mode and by

  following the opening speed of the lower leaf 1.

  This opening speed can be adjusted

  Let the latter reach the passage height of

  2.05 meters imposed by standards in less than 5 seconds.

  According to FIG. 2, when the counterweight 9 has

  dyes the position corresponding to the opening of the leaf

  lower than the height allowing passage, this ac-

  operates a roller 16 cooperating with a cam 17 shown diagrammatically and controlling the implementation of an auxiliary adjustment valve 18 also connected to the bypass pipe 13. This valve 18 then gradually closes so as to reduce the section of the pipe bypass 13

  and, consequently, to brake the downward movement of the counterweight 9 and the opening of the lower leaf 1 according to arrow 10 A so that the latter gently reaches the equilibrium position.

  As a rule, in this position, the door is opened at a height of about 3 meters, which corresponds to

  lays at the height imposed by the standards in force in the event of a fire to allow the intake of smoke extraction air.

he

Claims (4)

R E V E N D I C A T I ONS   1) Safety door, in particular large, with quick opening, characterized in that - it comprises: - at least one leaf (1) or lower leaf opening upwards by vertical translation of the motorized members connected to the leaf lower (1) via a system of cables or textile straps (5) and pulleys (6) to control the   movement of this leaf (1) in a function mode-   normally normal or in a safe operating mode   rity, and - switching devices capable of controlling the   transfer of the engine members from the operating mode   normal operation in the safety operating mode, - the drive members consist, on the one hand, of an essentially vertical double-acting hydraulic cylinder (7), the rod (8) of which is connected to the lower leaf (1) by the system of cables or textile straps (5) and pulleys (6) and whose piston chambers are connected to a hydraulic control unit (10) via a hydraulic circuit (11) so as to control the movement of the lower leaf (1) in normal operating mode, so that the extension of the rod (8) of the jack (7) causes the movement of this leaf (1) to its open position while its retraction causes its displacement towards its closed position, and, on the other hand, by emergency actuation members (9) directly connected to the rod (8) of the hydraulic cylinder (7)   and likely to store mechanical energy during   that the lower leaf (1) is closed and to restore it automatically, without any external energy supply in safety operating mode, to open this leaf (1) at a height allowing passage, and   - the switching devices consist of an electro-   live safety valve (12) connected to the hydraulic circuit (11) to isolate the cylinder (7) from the control unit   hydraulic (10) when not supplied with electricity   tricity and allow its emptying by the release of   mechanical energy stored in a drift line   vation (13) connected to a hydraulic fluid reservoir (14), so as to transfer the drive members   in the safety operating mode.   ) Security door according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency actuating members are constituted by at   minus a spring with a potential mechanical energy   less than the mass of the lower leaf.   ) Security door according to claim 1, characterized in that the emergency actuating members consist of a   counterweight (9) placed high and having a greater mass   lower than that of the lower leaf (1).   4) Security door according to any one of the claims.   1 to 3, characterized in that the bypass line (13) is fitted with a tap (15)   for adjusting the cylinder drain rate (7).   ) Safety door according to claim 4, characterized in that the bypass pipe (13) is equipped with an auxiliary adjustment valve (18) closing progressively after, in safety operating mode, the lower leaf   (1) has reached a height allowing the predetermined passage   born in order to strongly slow or stop its movement completely as needed.   6) Security door according to any one of the claims.   1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises several overlapping leaves (1, 1 ') of which only the lower leaf (1) is motorized, the leaves (1, 1') being offset horizontally with respect to each other and being fitted, at their ends, with cleats (14, 14 ') cooperating in pairs so that the displacement of a van by vertical translation is automatically driven by that of the neighboring leaf.   ) Security door according to claim 6, characterized in that the mass of the assembly of the two lower leaves (1, 1 ') is slightly greater than that of the counterweight (9) or   the potential mechanical energy of the spring (s).   8) Security door according to any one of the claims.   1 to 7, characterized in that   it is equipped with a panic bar (21) known in itself   even whose thrust forward by a crowd in panic   causes the vertical leaf to move upwards   lower (1) in safety operating mode.