FR2777987A1 - Shoulder launched weapon construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The lower guidance system (29) deadens the gun recoil and ensures that shell impact takes place. A cam command automatically ejects the empty shell. Intermediate rods swing a protection cover into place after firing.

Description

The present invention relates to a long gun

  intended for firing high impulse munitions.

  We know that firing high-powered ammunition using individual long guns has always been one of the major problems of ballistic specialists and ergonomists. It is generally accepted by ergonomists that the limit of impulse bearable by man at the level of his

  shoulder is located around 30 N.s.

  However, experience has shown that by implementing weapons on the firing of high-impulse munitions, damping systems which transform the force transmitted by reducing it and increasing its duration of application, the shooter in a classic position (standing, lying or resting), can bear without excessive trauma at the contact areas of his body with

  the weapon, pulses close to 100 N.s.

  The present invention proposes to provide a long gun which can replace in its operational definition a mortar, and whose implementation on the ground can be ensured by a single infantryman, possibly assisted for reloading operations by a servant, making it possible to launch projectiles of relatively large caliber (for example of the order of mm), in taut shooting or in parabolic shooting on

  distances between 100 and 700 m.

  The subject of this invention is therefore a single-shot weapon, possibly rechargeable, of the single-barrel type, making it possible to use a whole range of ammunition, masses, speeds, calibers, and variable effects, generally operating with the same impulse, this weapon being designed

  so as to present a large recoil stroke.

  To this end, the long recoil stroke long shot weapon for high impulse ammunition, comprising a barrel closed by a breech, a recoil damping system and an automatic battery return device, is characterized by that the barrel comprises a guide system which rests on a rail secured to a stick, the latter being provided with a safety and percussion mechanism acting on a striker located in the breech, the latter being on the one hand , with automatic opening by means of a cam control device, allowing automatic ejection of the empty cartridge case after firing the ammunition and on the other hand manual closing by means of articulated links connecting a casing protection barrel to an ammunition container-loader, positioned on the barrel protection casing. Other features and advantages of this

  invention will emerge from the description given below, in

  reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodiment thereof devoid of any limiting character. In the figures: - Figure 1 is a sectional view in side elevation of the weapon object of the invention; - Figure 2 is a sectional view in side elevation, on a larger scale, of the rear part of the weapon; - Figure 3 is a sectional view in side elevation of the safety mechanism and percussion of the weapon

subject of the invention.

  - Figure 4 is a sectional view in front elevation of the cylinder head; - Figure 5 is a sectional view in side elevation of the cylinder head; - Figure 6 is a sectional view in side elevation of the weapon on which the different phases of the movement for loading the weapon using the magazine container are shown; - Figure 7 is a sectional front view of the weapon; - Figure 8 is a partial sectional view illustrating the positioning of the Recoil Damping Device; - Figure 9 is a partial sectional view illustrating the positioning of the Battery Return Device; - Figure 10 is a sectional view of the aiming device fitted to the object of the invention weapon; - Figure 11 is a detail view in section of the link allowing the opening of the cylinder head and the

tilting of the container-loader.

  Referring to the figures, it can be seen that the weapon 1 which is the subject of the present invention essentially comprises a barrel 2 or fire muzzle, closed at one of its ends by a breech 3 which is provided with a control device 4

opening and closing.

  This breech 3 essentially comprises a bottom 5 made of a material capable of withstanding the firing constraints of the ammunition 6 initially contained in the chamber 7 of the barrel 2, this substantially cylindrical bottom 5 comprises in the lower part a zone projecting perpendicularly in the form of heel 8, which is articulated

  around an axis 85 supported by the barrel of the barrel 2.

  The device for closing and opening the breech relative to the end of the barrel 2 essentially comprises jaws 9 mounted on the periphery of the bottom 5, which can retract or deviate from the original diameter of the bottom 5, thanks to to a control system 4 with movable cams rotating relative to the

center of cylinder head 3.

  These opening and closing devices operate on the same principle as the jaws of a drum brake, each of the active parts of these jaws 9 is articulated at one of its ends on a pivot 10 connected to the bottom 5 of the cylinder head 3, the control system 4 with movable cams acting on the internal periphery 11 of these jaws 9 so as to separate or

  retract these around these pivots 10.

  In addition, in order to ensure the return of the jaws 9 in a rest configuration corresponding in fact to a retracted position of the latter 9 inside the bottom 5 of the cylinder head 3, interposed between the jaws 9 are

tension springs.

  According to another characteristic, the cylinder head 3 is provided with a channel 13 for the passage of a control rod 14 which receives at one of its ends 17 the

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  percussion movement coming from the hammer 16, the other end 15 of this control rod 14 ensuring the tilting of a plug 18 contained in a chamber 19 at the bottom 5 and into which the channel 13 opens for the passage of the control rod 14, this plug 18 transmitting the impulse which comes from the control rod 14 in the direction of a striker 20, the latter

  ensuring the percussion of the primer of the ammunition.

  The striker 20 translates inside another channel 21 formed in the bottom 5 of the cylinder head 3, which opens into the chamber 19 which contains the plug 18 and substantially in a direction perpendicular to the

  to the first channel 13 intended for the control rod 14.

  In addition, a spring 22 is disposed in the axis of the striker 20 while resting in the bottom 5 so as to push the end of the striker 20 inside the second channel 21 in order to avoid any untimely percussion of the ammunition when the breech 3 closes the chamber 7 of the barrel 2. Another safety measure also consists in positioning between the chamber 19 and the plug 18, a finger 23 which is blocked by gravity in a cavity 24 formed on the periphery of the plug 18 and which prevents it from rotating when the weapon is in a position which does not correspond to a normal position

of use (shouldered weapon).

  The jaws 9 provided in the bottom 5 of this cylinder head 3 cooperate inside a circular groove 25 formed in the internal bore of the

chamber 7 of barrel 2.

  The control or cocking lever 4 which ensures the opening and closing movement of the jaws via the cam device, will be described later. The assembly constituted by the barrel 2, the breech 3 and its cocking lever 4, slides on a rail 26 secured to a stock 27 of the weapon 1. There is interposed between the rail 26 and the barrel 2 a system of guide 28 comprising linings or pads with a low coefficient of friction,

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  so as to facilitate a translational movement between the barrel 2 and the rail 26, and in particular during recoil

  which occurs when an ammunition is struck 6.

  The barrel 2 is provided with a Recoil Damping Device (D.A.R.) 29, which in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, is of known type, cylindrical with friction. Such a system acts in the reverse direction to ensure the damping of the impulse linked to the expulsion of the projectile, in order to make it bearable for

  the user the use of high impulse munitions.

  In the example shown, this damping mechanism essentially comprises a wiper, provided with linings which ensure braking in a preferred direction, by means of friction inside a guide tube and connected, by means of a rod. mobile, to one of

  two ends of the heel 8 of the cylinder head 3.

  The automatic battery return of the barrel 2 relative to the rail 26 is ensured by a Battery Return Device (D.R.B.) 30 (cf. FIG. 9), positioned

  substantially in the same plane as the D.A.R. 29, the D.R.B.

  in the form of a tube 31, closed at one of its ends by a rod 32 which cooperates at the level of an elastic lining 33, in particular of rubber, the free end of the elastic lining 33 being connected to the other end of the heel 8 of the cylinder head 3, by

  through another nut-shaped ring 32 '.

  When the barrel 2 recedes on its rail 26 (in our case, this recoil can reach 600 mm), the latter stretches the elastic lining 33 and when the D.A.R. 29 has produced its effects (that is to say the stop after braking of the recoil stroke of the barrel 2), the elastic lining 33 restores the energy by automatically returning the barrel 2 to its original position, ready again to allow the

  implementation of a new munition 6.

  On the socket of the ammunition 6, an identification means can be provided (not shown in the figures) defining the type of ammunition 6 contained in a

  container-loader 34, the role of which will be explained below

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  below, this means of identification can be constituted by a bar code which can be read optically or by a

  chip that can be electronically discharged.

  The stock 27 is preferably made of a composite material and it serves as a support for the rail 26 which guides the movable part or called "fire hydrant" constituted by the barrel 2 and the breech 3, as has been described below. -above; it also contains the safety and percussion mechanism 35 shown in detail in FIG. 3 and described

below.

  This stick 27 comprises, at the level of the butt plate, a removable shoulder pad 84, by virtue of a known attachment system of the "Velcro" type; it is lined with a shock-absorbing material and preferably with a material capable moreover of automatically adapting to the morphology and position of the shooter. In addition, according to another embodiment, this shoulder pad can be incorporated into the wearer's clothing (reference may be made to the French patent for this purpose.

  No. 2,701,556 belonging to the same applicant).

  The safety and percussion mechanism 35 which makes it possible to actuate, thanks to the hammer 16, the control rod 14 contained in the cylinder head 3, comprises on the one hand a cocking pedal 36, on the other hand a trigger 37 thus one

safety device 38.

  All this mechanism is contained in the lower part of the weapon 1 constituting the stock 27. Its kinematics is as follows: - the arming pedal 36, by virtue of a forward rotational movement around a fixed point 39 integral with the butt 27, acts on a rod 40, in particular made of composite fibers, so as to ensure the displacement of the latter in translation, in order to arm a spring 41 by means of a pusher 42, which ensures the tilting of the dog 16 in a configuration separated from the control rod 14 of the striker 20, the dog 16 being held in position by a pawl 43 which will be released by the action of the user on the trigger 37;

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  the trigger 37, substantially in the form of a handle, also movable in rotation around a fixed point 44 linked to the butt 27, rests by means of a roller 45 on an intermediate piece in the form of a cam 46. This this includes a light 47 in which a safety device 38 circulates, which when active, prevents rotation of the cam 46 around a fixed point 48 also

located on the butt 27.

  Thus, when on the one hand the user, inadvertently, activates the trigger 37 or on the other hand when the weapon 2 receives an external shock, the intermediate piece 46 is then locked in position and does not transmit the movement to a second rod 49, connected in the rear part, passing through the arming pedal 36 in the direction of the pawl 43 which maintains in

armed position the dog 16.

  When the safety device 38 is disarmed and that, under the action of a light pressure on the trigger 37, an impulse is transmitted and amplified by means of the intermediate piece 46 which acts on a rod 49 similar to that which connects the arming pedal 36 to the spring plunger, so as to release the pawl 43, which allows the dog 16 to strike the control rod, this control rod 14 causes the plug 18 to tilt causing the percussion to strike the primer ammunition 6 using the

striker 20.

  After percussion, the dog 16 falls back and comes to bear on the spring 41 in a rest configuration, the striker 20 disappears inside the breech by

  through a return spring 22.

  After removing the action on the trigger 37, the release of the cocking pedal 36 causes: the disarming of the spring 41, the locking of the dog 16 by means of the pawl 43 and the maintenance in this position thanks to the connecting rod 49 , the locking of the intermediate piece 46 between the trigger 37 and the rod

  link 49 thanks to the safety mechanism 38.

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  In this configuration, the safety and

percussion 35 is neutralized.

  According to another characteristic of the invention, the weapon

  1 can be provided with a sighting system 50 (cf. FIG. 10).

  It is in particular a clear viewfinder 51 with a light point. In addition, given the size of this weapon and its specifications in terms of shooting accuracy, a sighting device 52 is incorporated into the sighting system 50.

tilt correction.

  The measurement of the roll of the weapon is taken into account by this tilt correction device which notably includes a bubble level, this bubble translating around a point of equilibrium between two electrical contacts which turn on or off at least one diode

  visible on the sighting device.

  In addition, taking into account the operational definitions of the weapon, and in particular the range of the projectiles, it is necessary to take into account the degree of subsidence of the parabolic trajectory of the projectile, by compensating

  this by measuring the rise.

  This is displayed by the user by moving the sighting device 50 proper with respect to its support 53 linked to the weapon 1, according to a first "coarse" setting 54, then by acting on a vernier 55 in order to refine the previous setting as close as possible to the distance

  of weapon 1 compared to the objective.

  In another embodiment of the sighting system, this is a simplified firing line (not shown in the figures) and it comprises a clear sight 51 with projected reticle, a device for measuring the distance, a device for measuring speeds of movement of the target and a computer comprising a microprocessor, a clock and a memory in which

  ammunition ballistic data are introduced.

  According to the embodiment of the sighting systems 50 described above, the firing line is started by an actuator provided on the charging pedal 36, by

example.

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  It is also possible to provide for the barcode reading device displayed on the ammunition to intervene

  automatically in ballistics calculations.

  The shooter aims at the target and once the aim is achieved, the position of the weapon in space being stabilized, he presses the actuator which releases the firing sequence. The aiming of the target makes it possible to measure the distance using a rangefinder harmonized with a sight with a luminous point, a gyrometer possibly records the displacements and / or the accelerations of the target, the data thus introduced into the calculator defining

  the target's future virtual position.

  In the case where the ammunition 6 contained in the container-charger 34 or in the chamber 7 of the barrel 2, includes a code identifying the ballistics, the code reader introduces into the computer the ballistic data of the ammunition 6 and this computer displays the future point to aim by movement of the reticle of the sight. The shooter aligns the reticle on the future point and can then pull the trigger 37. The dog 16, which was previously cocked with the cocking pedal 36, strikes the control rod 14, then the striker 20 by the intermediary of

  bushel 18, which sets fire to the ammunition 6.

  Under the effect of the ammunition firing pulse 6, the fire hydrant assembly 2 moves back by sliding on the rail 26, carrying with it the D.A.R. 29 which brakes and dampens the impulse, the D.R.B. 30 automatically returns

  fire hydrant 2 in its original configuration.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention,

  weapon 1 is of the single-shot or semi-loading type

  automatic, produced by means of a container-loader 34 fitted with ammunition 6, this container 34 being positioned on a protective casing 56 which surrounds the muzzle

2 and rail 26.

  This container 34 which is necessary to protect the ammunition 6, is set in motion relative to the protective casing 56 of the muzzle 2, by a set of

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  rods 57, 58 forming a deformable parallelogram

(cf. figure 1).

  Thus, two links 57, 58 are articulated, on the one hand at one of their ends 59, 60 on the protective casing 56 of the muzzle 2, and on the other hand at their other ends 61, 62, at the level of the container-charger 34. In addition, one of the links 58 includes a slot 63 in which a leg 64 can circulate ending in a hooked part 65, this leg 64 possibly having a relative movement of translation relative to said rod 58, after unlocking a locking member 66 which releases the latch 67 from a stud 68 projecting from the protective housing 56 of the muzzle 2. The function of the tab 64 and of the hooked part 65 will be explained later in the text. The link 58 is articulated on the protective casing 56 of the muzzle 2 around an axis 69 which comprises a spring 70 working in torsion, the latter assisting the movement

  tilting container rear 34.

  The other link 57, located substantially in the rear part of the weapon 1, participates in the tilting of the container-loader 34 initially backed on the protective casing 56 of the muzzle 2 in the direction of the rear of the weapon 1 with regard to the cylinder head, and also ensures the opening of the cylinder head 3, either in automatic reloading mode with the container-charger 34, or by means of a bolt 73, thus allowing loading step by step of the weapon, without having to use the magazine container 34. Thus, this rod 57 is composed of two sub-assemblies 71, 72: - a first sub-assembly 71 forms a rod between the protective casing 56 from the mouth to light 2 and a fixing part 87 of the container-charger 34, this rod being able to articulate around two points 59-61, respectively located on each of these parts; - The second sub-assembly 72 forms a second rod between the articulation point 59 located on the casing of it 2777987 protection 56 of the muzzle 2 and a lock 73 which

  comes to cooperate on said first sub-assembly 71.

  This lock 73 when activated by the shooter,

  dissociates the second subset 72 from the first subset

  together 71. The latter 72 pivots around its articulation point 59 with the protective casing 56 of the muzzle 2, so as to allow the pivoting of a heel 74 of this connecting rod 72 and the release of the lever cocking 4 of cylinder head 3, in order to authorize the

  Single-handed reloading of the weapon.

  As can be seen in FIG. 11, the latch 73 has a hook-shaped part 75 which slides along a guide 76, in order to be trapped on a lug 77 integral with the first sub-assembly 71. This second sub-assembly 72 is provided at one of its ends with a heel 74 which is provided on one of its side walls with a stud 78, (the role of which will be explained below), this heel 74 allows to lock or unlock the cylinder head 3 in the circular groove 25 of the chamber 7 of the muzzle 2, due to the contact or the escapement of the heel 74 vis-à-vis an adjustment wedge 79 located at the end

  of the moving cam control system 4.

  During the opening of the breech 3, the stud 78 passes through a groove 88 produced in a lever arm 80 articulated on the protective casing 56 of the barrel 2. This lever arm 80 is provided with a pawl 89 which escapes during the passage of the stud 78, but which retains the latter on return, thus allowing closing and then tilting in a bolt locking position

  3 in the circular groove 25 of the barrel 2.

  The opening and closing of the cylinder head 3 is obtained by the action of the heel 74 of the second sub-assembly 72, which rises the control system 4 with movable cams of the cylinder head 3 or disappears in front of the latter depending on the position said links 57, 58 of the two sub-assemblies

71, 72.

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  During the forward return phase of the rods, the lever arm 80, located below the subassembly 72, is driven by the stud 78 linked to the heel 74 and causes the tilting of the cylinder head 3. when this cylinder head is in the vertical position, the heel 74 is placed under the device 4 for controlling the cylinder head 3, bearing on the adjustment shim 79 and drives it upwards. During this phase, the lever arm 80

  released by the nipple 78 swings down.

  During the retraction of the muzzle 2, the device 4 for controlling the breech 3 leaves the support on the heel 74, at the exit of the projectile, after the pressure drop in the muzzle 2 and under the action jaw tension springs 9, the cylinder head 3 automatically unlocks by tilting about its axis 85 and opens, the empty shell of the ammunition 6 is then ejected

  automatically toward the rear of the weapon.

  According to another characteristic, the protective casing 56 of the weapon is provided, substantially at the end of the barrel 2, with openings 81 situated on either side thereof, in particular profiled in a drop of water and arranged along the longitudinal axis of the barrel. These openings 81 participate in the evacuation of the gases during the exit of the projectile thus making it possible on the one hand to reduce the firing constraints on the protection of the weapon, and on the other hand

  hand, to decrease the disturbances to the muzzle of the weapon.

  We will now describe the recharging cycle of

the weapon (see Figure 1).

  The ammunition 6 being previously loaded in the container-charger 34 and the latter locked on the protective casing 56 of the muzzle 2, the user acts on the locking member 66 in order to allow the

  rotation of the lug 64 and the links 57 and 58.

  The container-charger 34 is then located in the axis of

  chamber 7, the cylinder head 3 being open.

  The end 60 of the rod 58 rocks completely around the axis 69 and becomes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel 2, the hooked part 65 of the tab 64 then cooperates at the level of a lug 82 which makes

  laterally protruding from the container-loader 34.

  The lug 82 then slides in a slot 83, the lug 82 being engaged on the rear face of the ammunition 6, the manual translation of the latter in the slot 83 causes the ammunition 6 to be supplied inside room 7; after a certain pre-wiring stroke of the ammunition 6, an elastic cord (not shown in the figures) pushes the ammunition to the bottom of the chamber 7 and

finishes loading.

  The user releases the ammunition holding mechanism and reposition the container-loader 34 on the back of the protective casing 56 by rotating forward and locks it on the weapon 1 thanks to

the locking member 66.

  The cylinder head 3 is then again locked and the

  firing sequence can be activated.

  In addition, the firing sequence cannot be started if the container-loader 34 is not correctly locked on the protective casing 56. In fact, a return spring 70 brings the weapon 1 back towards the rear. container-loader 34 and releases the cylinder head. The

percussion is neutralized.

  As we understand from reading the description

  From the above, the invention provides a single or multi-shot rechargeable and versatile weapon, multi-ammunition, capable of firing projectiles with large impulse (of the order of 100 Ns), with a large recoil stroke (approximately 600 mm). This weapon is also modular thanks to its interchangeable elements: container-loader, muzzle of various calibers, sighting system, gripping equipment. The operational definition of this weapon makes it possible to carry out parabolic or bell shots, possibly from an enclosed space, above natural obstacles or engineering structures without the shooter being exposed to reprisal shots . Indeed, the ammunition 6 used with this type of weapon gives its thermal signature and

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  very discreet phonic, which makes it almost undetectable, due to the small quantities of powder used. This weapon is further characterized by great safety in use since it can only function after the lifting of the firing safety and the insertion of

  the arming pedal, before squeezing the trigger.

  It remains to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described and shown above, but that it encompasses all variants thereof.

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Claims (24)

  1 - Long gun (1) with long recoil stroke for ammunition fire (6) with high impulse, comprising a barrel (2) closed by a breech (3), a recoil damping system (29) and an automatic battery return device (30), characterized in that the barrel (2) comprises a guide system (28) which rests on a rail (26) secured to a stock (27), the latter being provided with '' a safety and percussion mechanism (35) acting on a striker (20) located in the cylinder head (3), the latter being on the one hand, with automatic opening by means of a device (4) for cam control, allowing automatic ejection of the empty cartridge case after firing the ammunition (6) and on the other hand manual closure by means of articulated links (57, 58) connecting   a protective casing (56) of the barrel (2) to a container   ammunition magazine (34) (6), positioned on the housing protection (56) of the barrel (2).   2 - Long gun according to claim 1, characterized in that it is of the single-shot type, rechargeable manually.   3 - Long gun according to claim 1, characterized in that it is of the multi-shot type rechargeable.   4 - Long gun according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   cylinder head (3) comprises a bottom (5) provided at the bottom with a zone projecting perpendicularly in the form of a heel (8), which is articulated around an axis (85) supported by the barrel of the barrel (2).   - Long gun according to any one of the   previous claims, characterized in that the   control device (4) of the breech (3) relative to the end of the barrel (2) comprises jaws (9) mounted on the periphery of the bottom (5), which can retract or deviate from the diameter primitive from the bottom (5), 16 2777987   thanks to a control system (4) with movable cams   rotation relative to the center of the cylinder head (3).   6 - Long gun according to claim 5, characterized in that each of the active parts of the jaws (9) is articulated at one of their ends on a pivot (10) connected to the bottom (5) of the cylinder head (3 ), the control system (4) with cams acting on the internal periphery (11) of these jaws (9) so as to spread or retract these around these pivots (10), the return of the jaws (9) to inside the bottom (5) of the cylinder head   (3) being provided by tension springs (12).   7 - Long gun according to claim 5, characterized in that the jaws (9) provided in the bottom (5) of this breech (3) come to cooperate inside a circular groove (25) made in   the internal bore of the chamber (7) of the barrel (2).   8 - Long gun according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   breech (3) is provided with a channel (13) for the passage of a control rod (14) which receives at one of its ends (17) the percussion movement coming from a dog (16), the other end (15) of this control rod (14) ensuring the tilting of a plug (18) contained in a chamber (19) at the bottom (5) and into which the channel (13) opens for the passage of the control rod (14), this plug (18) transmitting the impulse which comes from the control rod (14) in the direction of the striker (20), the striker (20) translating inside another channel (21) formed in the bottom (5) of the cylinder head (3), which opens into the chamber (19) which contains the plug (18) and substantially in a direction perpendicular to the first channel (13)   for the control rod (14).   9 - A long gun according to claim 8, characterized in that a spring (22) is disposed in the axis of the striker (20) bearing on the bottom (5) so as to push back the end of the striker (20) inside the second channel (21) in order to avoid any 17 2777987   inadvertent percussion of the ammunition when the breech   (3) closes the chamber (7) of the barrel (2).   - Long gun according to claim 8, characterized in that the breech (3) comprises between the chamber (19) and the plug (18), a finger (23) which is blocked by gravity in a cavity (24) practiced on the periphery of the plug (18) and which prevents the latter from rotating when the weapon is in a position which does not   does not correspond to a normal position of use.   11 - Long gun according to any one of   previous claims characterized in that the butt   (27) comprises, at the level of the base plate, a shoulder pad (84) which is furnished with a damping material and capable of automatically adapting to the morphology and the position of the shooter.   12 - Long gun according to claim 11, characterized in that the removable shoulder pad (84) is   incorporated into a shooter's clothing.   13 - Long gun according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   rod (58) has a light (63) in which a leg (64) can circulate ending in a hooked part (65), this leg (64) being able to have a relative movement relative to said rod (58), after release of a locking member (66).   14 - Long gun according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   connecting rod (57) participates in the tilting of the container-   magazine (34) initially attached to the protective casing (56) of the muzzle (2) in the direction of the rear of the weapon (1) facing the breech, and also ensures the opening of the breech (3), either in automatic reloading mode with the container-charger (34), or by means of a lock (73), thus allowing   loading the weapon piecemeal.   - Long gun according to any one of the   previous claims, characterized in that the 18 2777987   connecting rod (57) is composed of two sub-assemblies (71, 72): - a first sub-assembly (71) forms a rod between the protective casing (56) of the muzzle (2) and a fixing part (87) of the container-loader (34), this rod being able to articulate around two points (59,61), respectively located on each of these parts; - The second sub-assembly (72) forms a second rod between the articulation point (59) located on the protective casing (56) of the muzzle (2) and a latch (73)   which cooperates on said first sub-assembly (71).   16 - Shoulder weapon according to claim 15, characterized in that the bolt (73) separates the second sub-assembly (72) from the first sub-assembly (71), the latter (72) pivoting around its point of articulation ( 59) with the protective casing (56) of the muzzle (2), so as to allow the pivoting of a heel (74) of the link (72) and the disengagement of the device (4) for cam control of the cylinder head (3), in order to authorize the   Single-handed reloading of the weapon.   17 - Long gun according to claim 15, characterized in that the second sub-assembly (72) is provided at one of its ends with a heel (74) which makes it possible to lock or unlock the breech (3 ) in the circular groove (25) of the chamber (7) of the muzzle (2), due to the contact or the escapement of the heel (74) with respect to an adjustment shim (79 ) located at the end of   control system (4) with moving cams.   18 - Long gun according to claim 7, characterized in that during the opening of the breech (3), a stud (78) passes through a groove (88) formed in a lever arm (80 ) articulated on the protective casing (56) of the barrel (2), this lever arm (80) being provided with a pawl (89) which escapes during the passage of the stud (78), but which retains the latter this on return, thus allowing closing and then tilting in a locking position of the cylinder head (3) in the groove circular (25) of the barrel (2). 19 2777987   19 - Long gun according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   protective casing (56) of the weapon is provided, substantially at the level of the end of the barrel (2), with openings (81) located on either side thereof, these openings (81) participating to the evacuation of gases during the exit of the projectile thus making it possible on the one hand to reduce the firing constraints on the protection of the weapon, and on the other hand   hand, to decrease the disturbances to the muzzle of the weapon.   20 - Long gun according to claim 13, characterized in that, for loading the ammunition (6) initially contained in the container-magazine (34) positioned in the axis of the chamber (7) of the barrel (2), the end (60) of the rod (58) rocks around the axis (69) and becomes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel (2), the hooked part (65) of the tab (64) then coming to cooperate at a protruding lug (82)   laterally on the container-loader (34).   21 - Long gun according to claim 20, characterized in that the lug (82) slides in a slot (83), the lug (82) being engaged on the rear face of the ammunition (6), the manual translation of the latter into the lumen (83) causes the ammunition (6) to be supplied inside the chamber (7), an elastic cord pushing the ammunition to the bottom of the chamber (7) and completing its loading.   22 - Long gun according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the weapon   (1) includes a sighting system (50).   23 - Long gun according to claim 22, characterized in that it incorporates into the sighting system (50)   a tilt correction device (52).   24 - Long gun according to claim 21, characterized in that it comprises a device for measuring the rise, the latter being displayed by the user by moving the aiming device (50) relative to a support ( 53) linked to the weapon (1), according to a first "coarse" setting (54), then by acting on a vernier (55) so 2777987   refine the previous setting as close as possible to the distance   weapon (1) relative to the objective.   - Long gun according to any one of the   previous claims, characterized in that the weapon   (1) comprises a sighting system (50) with simplified fire control, comprising a clear sight (51) with projected reticle, a device for measuring the distance, a device for measuring the speeds of movement of the target and a computer comprising a microprocessor, a clock and a memory into which the ammunition ballistic data.   26 - Long gun according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   safety and percussion mechanism (35) comprises a control rod (14) contained in the cylinder head (3), an arming pedal (36), a trigger (37) as well as a device for security (38).   27 - A long gun according to claim 26, characterized in that the cocking pedal (36), by virtue of a forward rotational movement around a fixed point (39) secured to the stock (27) , acts on a rod (40), so as to ensure the displacement of the latter in translation, in order to arm a spring (41) by means of a pusher (42), which ensures the tilting of a dog (16) in a configuration spaced from the control rod (14) of the striker (20), the dog (16) being held in position by a pawl (43).  28 - Long gun according to claim 26, characterized in that the trigger (37) rests by means of a roller (45) on an intermediate piece in the form of a cam (46), the latter comprising a light (47) in which a safety device (38) circulates, which when active, prevents rotation of the cam (46) around a fixed point (48) also located on the stock (27). 29 - Long gun according to claim 26, characterized in that the trigger (37) releases the pawl 21 2777987   (43), thanks to the intermediate piece (46) which acts on a rod (49) so as to allow the dog (16) to strike the control rod (14), this control rod (14) tilting a plug (18) causing percussion of the primer of the ammunition (6) using the striker (20).