FR2754843A1 - MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ELONGATED STRUCTURES AND ELONGATED STRUCTURES OBTAINED BY LEDIT PROCEDE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention mainly concerns a method for making elongated structures, in particular poles, sections and panels, in particular for covering floors, walls, ceilings and partitions, and elongated structures obtained by said method. The invention mainly concerns a method for making an elongated structure, in particular of a covering for floors, walls, ceilings and partitions, comprising the following steps: a) machining a section (1) by removing the material mass; b) filling up a resulting recess with a filler, in particular glue. The invention is characterised in that elongated channels (3) are formed comprising an inlet and an outlet and are filled by injection by connecting the channel inlets to sources of fillers under pressure. The invention is useful for producing poles, posts, beams or plates which are used as covering of floors. ship decks, fancy goods industry, furniture making, in wall panelling and the like.

Description

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING ELONGATE STRUCTURES
AND ELONGATED STRUCTURES OBTAINED BY LEDIT
PROCESS
The present invention relates mainly to a method of manufacturing elongated structures, in particular masts, profiles and panels, in particular for covering floors, walls, ceilings as well as partitions, and to the elongated structures obtained by said method.

EP-AO 145 592, EP-AO 309 356, FR 93 01341,
EP-AO 611 201 and FR 96 03022 describe methods of manufacturing a wood-based floor covering comprising slats assembled by layers of flexible or rigid adhesive. These layers of adhesive are obtained by filling open recesses made in wood with a polymer in the liquid or viscous state.

 Although the material obtained is satisfactory, filling the recesses is a long and expensive operation.

 In addition, part of the filling material is lost by overflow.

 It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a rapid manufacturing process for elongated structures, in particular panels for covering floors, walls, ceilings and partitions.

 It is also an object of the present invention to offer such a method having a moderate cost price.

 It is also an object of the present invention to offer such a method minimizing the quantities of filling material to be used.

 It is also an object of the present invention to provide such a process offering panels, in particular for coating floors, walls, ceilings as well as partitions, of very high quality.

 These objects are achieved according to the present invention by a method comprising a step consisting in producing in a support material, typically wood, elongated channels having an inlet and an outlet and injecting the filling material through the inlets of the various channels.

 The material is then cut in particular into panels of desired thickness. Depending on the shape of the channels and the depth in which the cuts are made, the filling material can be internal to the panels or, on the contrary, visible on at least one of the main faces of the panel.

The main object of the invention is a method of manufacturing an elongated structure, in particular a covering of floors, walls, ceilings as well as partitions, comprising the steps consisting in:
a) machining a profile by ablation of materials;
b) filling a recess thus formed with a filling product, in particular glue, characterized in that elongated channels are formed comprising an inlet and an outlet and in that one fills by injection by connecting the inlets of the channels to sources of pressurized fillers.

 The invention also relates to a method, characterized in that rectilinear channels of constant section are formed.

 The invention also relates to a method, characterized in that during the injection step, the channels are vertical or substantially vertical.

 The invention also relates to a method, characterized in that it comprises a step consisting in having profiles in which the channels have been formed in a tank ensuring the supply of filling materials, in particular glue.

 The invention also relates to a method, characterized in that the channels are formed by superimposing profiles having recesses opening onto their surface.

 The invention also relates to a method, characterized in that the channels are formed by closing hollows temporarily during injection by demoulding plates.

 The invention also relates to a method, characterized in that it further comprises a step of local ablation of materials so as to leave the filling material visible.

 The invention also relates to an elongated structure, characterized in that it is obtained by a method according to the invention.

 The invention also relates to a structure, characterized in that it forms a plate or batten.

 The invention also relates to a structure, characterized in that it is made of wood.

 The invention also relates to a structure, characterized in that it comprises dovetail channels having a longitudinal opening of width L, two consecutive channels being linked by a flexible adhesive joint having inside channels in tail dovetails a radially non-compressible core of diameter D greater than said width L.

The invention will be better understood by means of the description below and the appended figures given as nonlimiting examples and. on which ones:
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a section 1 capable of being implemented by the method according to the present invention;
- Figure 2 is a plan view of the end of an elongated structure comprising two profiles of Figure 1 assembled symmetrically;
- Figure 3 is a perspective view of an assembly of elongated structures of Figure 2 during injection of filling material;
- Figure 4 is a plan view of all the structures of Figure 3 after filling;
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of a mast obtained by machining one of the structures of Figure 4;
- Figure 6 is a perspective view of a profile capable of being implemented by the method according to the present invention;
- Figure 7 is a plan view of one end of an assembly of profiles of Figure 6 during the injection of filling materials;
- Figure 8 is a perspective view of a plate obtained by injecting filler materials into channels formed in the profiles of Figure 7;
- Figure 9 is a perspective view of a plate obtained by cutting the plate of Figure 8;
- Figure 10 is a floor covering plate obtained by machining the plate of Figure 9;
- Figure 1 1 is a plan view of the ends of profile assembly comprising various shapes of channels capable of being implemented in the method according to the present invention;
- Figure 12 has eight perspective views of the eight plates corresponding to the assembly of the profiles of Figure 1 1;
- Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of a joint of an alternative embodiment of a panel according to the present invention;
- Figure 14 is a plan view of one end of a profile capable of being implemented by the method according to the present invention.

 In FIGS. 1 to 14, the same references have been used to designate the same elements.

 In Figure 1, we can see a profile 1, preferably made of wood, in which there has been produced, for example, with a saw, a recess 3 leaving two longitudinal edges remaining on the edges 5. Without this having a character limitative in the example illustrated in FIG. 2, two identical sections 1 are assembled symmetrically, the flanges 5 arranged facing each other ensuring the tightness of a cross channel 7.

Advantageously, the channels 7 are rectilinear and have a constant section. It may prove advantageous to incorporate into the channel 7 cables, rigid cores, sheaths, reserves and / or tubular conduits 9 making it possible to convey electrical signals, a fluid or to ensure the electrical supply and / or reinforcement of the structure according to the present invention.

 In Figure 3, the elongated structures of Figure 2 are arranged vertically parallel to each other.

Advantageously, a holding force symbolized by the arrows 1 1 is exerted on the four vertical faces of the assembly. The structures are advantageously deposited in a distribution bin 13 preferably comprising a supply circuit opening at the rights of the inputs of the various channels 7 ensuring the injection, for example from below, of filling materials, for example glue flexible, in particular based on neoprene, polyurethane and epoxy-polyurethane or rigid adhesives, in particular based on epoxy, vinyl, acrylic, polyester, urea formaldehyde, polyurethane. The glues can be natural or colored. It is understood that the injection or the pouring of filling materials from above as well as the injection into channels arranged horizontally or inclined do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

 In Figure 4, we can see a set of fifteen elongated structures obtained by injection.

 In Figure 5, we can see a beam or mast obtained by machining a structure of Figure 4, with ablation by hollows 15 of wooden bridges located at the ends, the arms of the channel 7 cross, revealing a glue joint 17.

 In Figure 6, we can see an example of profiles 1 according to the present invention of substantially rectangular section having, on each of its main faces, T-shaped recesses 3 separated by flanges 5 parallel. On one of the edges, the section 1 of FIG. 6 comprises a longitudinal recess 3 ′ making it possible to form a channel receiving the adhesive for assembling the successive sections 1 to form a plate or a panel. The edge opposite to that comprising the recess 3 ′ can be provided with a recess or, as illustrated in FIG. 6, forms a substantially planar face.

 In an alternative embodiment, the profile 1 is provided with transverse channels 19 perpendicular or inclined with respect to the channels 3 which may or may not pass through the flanges 5. The transverse channels 19 make it possible to better distribute the adhesive and to minimize the possible formation of bubbles of air.

In addition, the channels 19, and in particular the distance between the successive channels 19, modify the natural frequency of the panels obtained, which modifies their acoustic behavior.

 In FIG. 7, one can see four sections 1 of FIG. 6, it being understood that an assembly for the injection of filling materials can comprise, for example 100 plates, each comprising 10 sections 1. The first section 1 each plate is provided with a plate 21, for example of wood, closing the recess 3 'so as to form a channel and then serving during the machining of the position reference surface. The successive profiles 1 of a plate have a contact surface at the edges 5 so that the successive profiles 1 of a plate are assembled by gluing with the glue filling the channel formed by the recess 3 '. Advantageously, the assembly ends at each plate with a demolding partition 23. Each main face of each plate formed from sections 1 also receives a demolding plate 23, so as to close the channels formed by the recesses 3.

Advantageously, a single release plate 23 separates two successive plates. It is understood that the release plates 23 can, without departing from the scope of the present invention, include patterns, in particular hollow, complementary to the recesses 3 and / or 3 ′ of the profile. The channel formed between the recess 3 of the profile 1 and the space provided in the mold release plate 23 allows the formation of an adhesive joint protruding from the surface of the profile 1 and consequently of the plate 1 without the need for machining and wood ablation of this profile.

 The patterns of the release plate can correspond to the hollows 3 of the profiles 1 or can complete them and have a different geometry. In particular, it is possible to use non-rectilinear patterns, for example sinusoidal, and of section that is not necessarily constant.

 The assembly of the profiles 1 in FIG. 7 is advantageously arranged vertically in a container similar to the container 13 in FIG. 3. The assembly is held firmly on the vertical faces during the injection of filling material, in particular an adhesive. flexible or rigid glue.

 After demolding, plates 25 are obtained, illustrated in FIG. 8, provided on each of their main faces with a seal 27 made of filling material. The successive sections 1 of the plate 25 of FIG. 8 are assembled by adhesive joints 27 ′. In FIG. 9, one can see a coating plate 28 corresponding to the cutting along the plane of symmetry 29 of the plate 25 of FIG. 8. After the cutting of the plate 25 according to the plane 29, the adhesive joints 27 ' become apparent.

 In FIG. 10, one can see an advantageous example of plates 28 ′ of floor covering according to the present invention obtained by machining, for example with a saw, of the plate 28 of FIG. 9. The ablation of the flanges 5 allows the glue joints 27 ', in particular with flexible joints, for example made of polyurethane, playing the role of local expansion joints compensating for the dimensional variations of the wooden elements during the hydrometric variations. The ablation, over at least part of their height, of the bridges 31 separating the successive glue joints 27 corresponding to the central flanges 5 reveal a support surface 27 "ensuring excellent suspension of the plate 28 '. Such a plate allows advantageous sound insulation Advantageously, the reference plate 21 and the parallel edge of the plate 28 are machined so as to form a rebate. For example, a flange 21 ′ of a plate penetrates into a longitudinal recess 33 of the plate 28 'adjacent.

 In FIG. 11, one can see eight examples of profiles of hollows 3 ′ capable of being produced on the successive edges of the profiles 1. In the nonlimiting example of FIG. 11, two successive profiles 1 include hollows 3 ′ symmetrical . In FIG. 12, one can see the examples of floor covering plates obtained by machining the corresponding plates of FIG. 11.

 The recesses 3 ′ of the successive sections 1 have a cross shape comprising a branch 37 included in the median plane of the plate 35.1 and a perpendicular branch 39. The branch 37 confers excellent tensile strength on the plate 35.1, the branch 37 working in shear in the event of traction; machining of the main faces of this plate making it possible, as illustrated in FIG. 12, to make apparent the branch 39 which, after this machining, is flush with the surface or surfaces of the plate.

 The plate 35.2 comprises a recess 3 ′ in the form of asymmetrical crosses, one of the branches of which has a thicker section 41 and a thinner section 43.

 The plate 35.3 comprises three parallel strips 45, 47 and 49 whose lengths correspond to the widths of the joint of the plate 35.2. The segment 45 is advantageously located on the main face which is not visible in normal use of a floor covering. The segment 47 ensures excellent cohesion and tensile strength of the plate 35.3. The use of multiple channels 45, 47, 49 allows both the use of a single type of glue and the injection of two or three different glues as regards their rigidity and / or their content (45, 49) . For example, rigid non-colored glue is injected into segment 47 and colored flexible glues into segments 45 and 49. Asymmetrical plates 35.2 and 35.3 are advantageously reversible.

 The plate 35.4 has a cross glue joint, the branches of which are inclined, for example at 45 or 30, giving excellent resistance to the traction and warping of the plate (rigid plate).

 The plate 35.5 has a star-shaped adhesive joint having the tensile strength substantially similar to that of the plate 35.4 and comprising a vertical, flush arm forming a visible decorative pattern in the position of normal use of a coating. of soil.

 Plate 35.6 comprising a glue joint in the form of a dovetail has excellent resistance to traction and to warping of the plate (rigid plate).

 The plate 35.7 has two dovetail glue joints similar to those of the plate 35.6 completed by a vertical branch in normal use of the floor covering opening onto one of the main faces, so as to form a decorative pattern.

 The plate 35.8 has horizontal segments placed substantially in the median plane of the plate having very good tensile strength without the adhesive joints being visible. The plates 35.3, 35.4, 35.6 and 35.8 are particularly effective when the joints are made with a rigid adhesive.

 It is understood that the incorporation into a channel of filling material of a plate, cables, rigid cores, sheaths, reserves and / or tubular conduits, does not depart from the scope of the present invention.

 In particular, the incorporation into the dovetail channels or the like, illustrated in FIG. 13, of rigid or flexible webs 51 longitudinally, solid or tubular, not radially compressible, of diameter D greater than the width L of l opening of the dovetail gives excellent tensile strength to the plates produced with injection of flexible adhesive. The core 51 prevents the release of the seal by deformation of the flexible adhesive during the pulling according to the arrows 53.

This technique is particularly effective for making roller shutters or boat hulls.

 It is understood that the plates 35.1 to 35.8 of Figure 12 can be obtained individually or collectively from the machining of the profiles 1 on the main faces. In Figure 14, we can see an example of profiles 1 having the recesses 3.1 to 3.8 corresponding to the plates 35.1 to 35.8 respectively. It is understood that profiles 1 can be provided with a single type of recesses 3 or any combination of the desired recesses 3. The dotted lines orthogonal to one of the main faces of the profile 1 correspond to the section lines of the stack of profiles (after injection of glue) making it possible to obtain the plates of FIG. 12.

 It is understood that the present invention is not limited to the use of wood, but also applies to plastics, metals, glasses, ceramics, stones or the like.

 The present invention applies to the production of masts, poles, beams or plates which find applications as floor coverings, boat decks, in tableting, furniture, wall covering or others.

Claims (11)

 1. Method for manufacturing an elongated structure, in particular a covering of floors, walls, ceilings as well as partitions, comprising the steps consisting in:  a) machining a profile (1) by ablation of materials;  b) filling a recess thus formed with a filling product, in particular glue, characterized in that elongated channels (7) having an inlet and an outlet are formed and that one fills by injection by connecting the inlets channels (7) to sources of pressurized filling products.  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that rectilinear channels of constant section are formed.  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during the injection step, the channels (7) are vertical or substantially vertical.  4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a step consisting in having profiles (1) in which the channels (7) have been formed in a tank (13) ensuring the supply of filling materials, especially glue.  5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the channels (7) are formed by superimposing profiles (1) having recesses (3, 3 ') opening onto their surface.  6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the channels (7) are formed by closing hollows (3, 3 ') temporarily during the injection by demoulding plates (23).  7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a step of local ablation of materials so as to leave the filling material visible.  8. Elongated structure, characterized in that it is obtained by a method according to any one of the preceding claims.  9. Structure according to claim 8, characterized in that it forms a plate or slat.  10. Structure according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it is made of wood.  11. Structure according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that it comprises dovetail channels having a longitudinal opening of width L, two consecutive channels being linked by a flexible adhesive joint comprising inside dovetail channels a radially non-compressible core (51) of diameter D greater than said width L.