FR2750062A1 - Sheet metal bending press - Google Patents

Abstract

The sheet metal bending press has a thrust roller (2) round which the sheet rolls after bending, and smooth rollers (3, 4) which apply a pressure to the thrust roller. The thrust roller is connected at one end to a drive motor and supported at that end by a fixed bearing (15). The roller is supported at its other end by a retractable bearing (17), while the axis of the roller remains fixed. The smooth pressure rollers are set in pairs at regular intervals and supported by a bar (6) which rests on the machine frame (1) via wedges (8) and cam surfaces (7). The thrust roller can be divided into sections, each connected at its ends to supports which rest on an intermediate beam which is in turn supported indirectly by the machine's frame. The sections of one roller can be offset axially relative to the sections of another, both connected to the supports.

Description

 The present invention is in the field of the work of sheet materials, such as sheets, for bending, and more specifically for a machine, called "rolling", for bending the sheets.

 Patent FR 974,789 (BIGWOOD) discloses a tilting roller with pivoting and pivoting upper bearing support, but such a machine uses a compiex mechanism for adjusting the bending radius by means of a motorized screw.

 Patent FR2,528,334 of the Applicant discloses a roller with a pivoting support roller, and being similar in this arrangement to the above-mentioned device, located above a pair of two smooth rollers of smaller diameter, known as pressers, Parallel to each other and spreadable by him in order to obtain different bending radii; these machines of more modest performance than the previous ones, but of a lesser cost are suitable for the workshops of boiler-making in which the bending constitutes only a part of the stain: it is more precisely with such rolling machine that is similar to that of the present one. invention.

Pat patents
FR-2,528,335 and FR-2,637,206 of the same Applicant of so-called crenellated rollers constituted don large so-called support roll and a double plurality of so-called press rollers of small diameter compared to that of the roll of supporting and interpenetrating so that contact lines with the backing roll can be made closer together than full rollers1 would allow to increase the accuracy of the bending and to minimize the parts remaining straight at the ends of the At the entrance and exit of the bending operation in this type of machine the crenellated rollers, located above the large roll, are grouped in two parallel trains of rollers each train being itself composed of several coaxial rollers; in some of the machines of the kind, the determination of the bending radius is made by varying the distance between the pressure rollers (crenellated) and the support roller, by means of a device with inclined planes (cams and sloping wedges) movable against each other by a crank with a gravitational indicator dial. These machines, of very high productivity and maneuverability, are generally intended for workshops specialized in the mass production of ferrules (bent and welded sheets).

 These last machines have as a common feature that the pressure rollers and support always remain parallel; however, in the case of thin sheets (for example of thickness less than two millimeters) or of soft material (for example aluminum) they have the disadvantage of marking 'les tale' because of the crenellated nature of the pressure rollers.

 The purpose of the present invention is to provide non-specialized boatmen a bending machine which allows the bending of tales of fairly large width, thin, and / or made of a low hardness material.

According to the present invention a sheet bending machine, called rolling machine, of the type of rolling machine consisting mainly of a roller, said support; around which is intended to wind the tale after bending, and smooth rollers, said pressers, intended to put pressure on the support roller, is characterized in its generality
in that the support roller around which the sheet is bent after bending, is connected at one end to a motor and is supported at this first end by a fixed bearing, and at its other end by a retractable bearing (stacking ), the axis of this support roller remaining fixed, and
in that the roll; The pressers are smooth rollers arranged in pairs with fixed spacing and supported by a plurality of bearings, or rollers, supported themselves by a beam resting itself on the frame via the sloped wedges.
It is therefore in the new combination of known means, and the verification of the effectiveness of such a combination, in view of a result, namely the bending of thin and / or thin sheets, with the possibility of rapid and precise change of the bending radius. that we must look for inventive acuity more than in the novelty of the means taken independently.

 Preferably the fixed-axis support roller is arranged above the set of pressure rollers so that the latter can be operated vertically from bottom to top by the sloping wedges when they are applied against the sheet to be bent 1 and up and down by the effect of their weight after the bending operation.

 It follows from these provisions that the choice of the bending radius can be controlled simply by reading a graduation of the gravitational indicator dial of said adjustment means and that, in general, a single passage of the sheet between the rollers is sufficient to give it the desired bending; Note however that the operator will always have the choice to bend the sheet in a single pass or in several1 since it is the roller that will ensure the accuracy of bending and no longer the operator himself.

 It will be noted at this stage of the definition of the invention that there are two difficulties to solve: Ilune concerns the flexibility of the pressure rollers, the other the flexibility of the support roll.

The first difficulty lies in the fact that
so that the contact lines of the pressure rollers with the backing roll can be quite close to each other; relatively to the measurement of the diameters of the pressure rollers, such that a tale introduced between the first pressure roller and the backing roll; makes oblique contact with the upper quarter of the second pressure roller,
it is necessary that the diameter of the pressure rollers is much smaller (about 1/3) than the diameter of the backing roll, and that these rollers are as close as possible to one another; However, since the bending strength of a cylindrical beam varies roughly like the fourth power (D4) of its diameter, its small diameter will cause a great flexibility, in practice unacceptable, of the pressure rollers.
To clarify the aforementioned notions, the term "as close as possible", the fact that their center distance e is between d and 1.5x, ss being the diameter, preferably identical for each, of the pressure rollers, d being itself between 0> 2xD and Oi5xD, D being the diameter of the backing roll, the effective length of the latter being between 5xD and 10xD, the smallest bending diameter that can be obtained with a given machine being between about 1.2 and 1.4dD; It should be noted that the choice of these dimensional relationships is also an invention because of the innumerable theoretical possibilities they offer, many of which would prove to be inappropriate in practice, and that only an intuitive assessment based on a great deal of experience has allowed eliminate a priori.

 A solution proposed by the invention to solve the problem of bending, pressure rollers, consisted in dividing the pressure rollers into sections, each section being rotatably supported at its ends by a support piece, the support pieces resting on them. -Only on a beam, preferably said intermediate, itself taking an indirect support on the general frame of the machine.

 However, the rollers being shaped into sections, it remained to solve the problem of "marking" the sheets by the end edges of the sections; this problem has been solved by staggering the sections in the axial direction 1 so that the end edge of one section of a pressing roll is always facing a cylindrical part of a tronofl of the other roll, with the exception ends of the rollers themselves; preferably the shift chosen is only slightly greater than the thickness of the support pieces, which thickness has been made minimum by a judicious choice of the suspension of the sections and thanks to a Z-shaped support parts; thanks to which even very thin sheets can be bent without being marked.

 Finally, the problem of even the slightest bending of the support roll and the determination of the bending radius remained to be solved for such a machine; it has been adapted to the rolling machine of the invention1 a solution already applied in another type of machine (cf. FR-2.637.206, fig.6 and 7)) i namely the interposition between the non-flexible general frame and the beam supporting the pressure rollers, a "cam ramp" and "sloped wedge" mechanism, the contact surfaces of the cams and the sloped wedges being planes forming with the plane of the axes of the pressure rollers, dihedrons having their oblique edge with respect to said axes, it will be recalled that the obliquity of the shims and their transverse displacement allows a compensation adjustment of the bending of the support roller, in the new application which is made of it, the mechanism is interposed. , below the pressure rollers, between the beam that supports these rollers and the frame.

 All of these combined arrangements, namely reduced center distance press rollers with cam ramp and sloped wedge radius adjustment, and graduated dial stop, allow precise adjustment by unqualified operator, and bending in a single pass so with great productivity.

 A second solution proposed by the invention, more particularly adapted to bending along a smaller radius, but still considering the problem of bending, consisted in adding a pair of pressure rollers divided into sections supported in rotation a second stage of small rollers. diameter arranged above the above and also supported by the same support parts shaped Z.

 Finally according to a third solution proposed by the invention, more particularly adapted to the bending of thin and fragile sheets (thickness <0.6mu) + the rollers of the second stage are continuous over the entire width of passage of the sheets, and rest either on rollers cut-off with Z-shaped support parts or more simply on rollers distributed over the passage width and supported by ordinary support pieces.

It should therefore be understood that the roll of the invention is represented as a set resulting from the combination
- permanent characteristics of the roll of appli
and its organs, bending compensation1
training and maintenance, and ways of
maneuvering the pressure rollers, and
- of alternative characteristics, roughly at
number of three, nip rollers neatly
said, and their means
The present invention will be better understood, and details will arise from the description that will be made of the solutions proposed by the invention, in relation to the figures of the attached plates in which
- fig.l; is a side elevation diune rouleuse of the invention having, as such, the first and second characteristics latter of a first solution for producing the pressure rollers,
FIG. 2 is a section along AA of the rolling machine of the preceding figure, illustrating schematically and on a larger scale the arrangement and the dimensional ratios of the various rollers,
- Fig.3 illustrates in plan and on a larger scale the constructive arrangement of the pressure rollers and their support parts
FIG. 4 is a perspective illustration of a bearing of the preceding figure, and
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary perspective view cut away from the roll of FIG.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional illustration of a rolling machine according to the second embodiment of the pressure rollers
- fig.7 is a section according to AÀ of the previous figure
FIG. 8 is a perspective illustration of a bearing of the preceding figure, and
FIG. 9 is a simplified diagrammatic illustration in perspective of the rollers of a rolling machine according to the third embodiment of the embodiment of the pressure rollers, and
- The fig.l0 and Il illustrate, seen end, the pressure rollers of the previous figure with their support rollers and their end support part (fig.10) and intermediate (fig.11), and
- Figure 12 illustrates in a direction perpendicular to that of the previous figures, the arrangement of support rollers on their support part.

 In FIGS. 1 and / or 2, a rolling machine of the invention consists mainly of a frame consisting of a massive frame-beam 1 of an upper roll of large diameter D, said support roll 2 in the direction of which to be solicited from bottom to top, two trains 3.4 of rolls of smaller diameter; said pressure rollers, each consisting of a plurality of roll sections; the pressure rollers are supported by means of supporting parts such as by an intermediate I-beam.

 The intermediate beam 6 can be maneuvered in vertical translation between end guides 26, by a maneuvering device of the ramp type 7 cams and sloping wedges 8 bearing on the frame beam 1; the ramp 7 is moved in horizontal translation by a pair of jacks such as 9; the adjustment of the amplitude of the vertical displacement of the support beam, and therefore of the gap between the pressure rollers and the support roll, the interstice which determines the radius of the weft, is operated by the horizontal displacement of a stopper 10, by means of a screw 11 manually drivable in rotation by a crank with a gravitational indicator dial 12.

The support roller 2 is supported at a first end 13, from which it is rotated by a hydraulic motor 14 + by a first very robust double-bearing bearing 15, and at its other end 16 by a retractable bearing 17 managed in A tiltable part called "gate"18; this arrangement allows the axial removal of the tales after bending
In relation with fig.i oU.2 + we locate the following dimensional quantities
d: diameter of the pressure rollers (113 mm) +
e: distance between the pressure rollers (i20 mm),
D: diameter of the support roller (310 mm),
L: efficient length of the roller
2080 mm); it should be noted that the dimensions given in parentheses are those of a particular rolling machine, that they correspond to the ratios defined above, and which should in no way be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.

In FIGS. 3 and 42, the pressure rollers each consist of a plurality of sections 31, 32, 33 of equal length, and it is noted that the adjacent ends of four adjacent sections are supported by a common support piece. , such as 51, consisting of a thin wall 53 Z forming with a sole 54 a corner assembly, this conformation gives the support part a particularly high rigidity which allows the desired thin wall thickness and allows two ends adjacent two sections of the same roll to be as close together as possible and thus know how to shift two rolls in view for example 31 and 41, that a minimum distance i
Because of the thinness of the wall which does not allow the formation of bearings for the support in rotation of a hub, the roll sections are each cdnésitués a hollow cylinder, such as 44 visible in section, rotatably mounted on a coaxial central shaft 45 by bearings such as 46 arranged in the vicinity of each end of the section; the shaft being itself fixedly engaged in a through bore 57 of the adjacent wall 53 of a support piece 5 (f ig.4); each bore, with the exception of those of the support parts of the end of the rollers, thus supports two coaxial neighbors.

 In Fig.5, we have taken some elements of the previous figures with the same references; furthermore, the sloping wedges 8 are controllable in oblique directions with respect to the cam ramp 7 and the intermediate beam 6 supporting them via an oblique slide base (see FIG. 6 of the patent). aforesaid) + nia-levels of gravitational hand-crank dials such as 24 and 25, similar to the dial 12 mentioned above, which each allow the displacement of the respective sloped wedge, such as 8, to which it is connected) in order to make it possible to compensate for the bending of the support roll according to the thickness or the nature of the sheet subjected to bending.

 The ramp 7 itself is operable in thrust by a pair of hydraulic cylinders such as 9 through a so-called "stirrup" crosspiece 23; to which is connected the ramp.

 The gate 18 bearing 17 is hinged to the frame 1 to be able to tilt (arrow 19) under the effect of a jack 20 between a vertical position in which the bearing 17 encloses the cylindroconic end 16 of the support roller 2, and a position horizon tale (not shown) in which it releases the end of the roller to allow the withdrawal of the bent sheet.

Note that the cylindro-conical shape, even rounded, of the end 16 of the support roller, allows the axis thereof to remain fixed during the operation of the gate, or during the extraction of the tale bent,
The actuator 20 of the wicket 9 actuating cylinders of the ramp 7 and the hydraulic motor 14 driving the support roller 2 is supplied with fluid under pressure by a common hydraulic unit not shown but which is advantageously attached to the neighboring from the end of the general building where the killer is
Thus, thanks to the adjustment means mainly constituted by the gravitational dials, it suffices for the operator; which does not have to possess a particular qualification, to make the various adjustments from a table established empirically} to obtain the desired bending.

 Note that, without departing from the scope of the invention, the hydraulic motor can be replaced by a single electric gear motor or a biaxial motor type "brushless", and the hydraulic cylinders by ball screws and motor d 'axis; it will also be noted that the manual maneuvering device can be replaced by a digitally controlled set so as to be able to vary the bending radius in a programmed manner during the passage of the same tale, and thus finally obtain a ferrule oval, elliptical or polygonal with rounded corners.

 In Fig.6, a rolling machine relavant second solution, comprises a lower stage of such rollers 31, axis 31 * which are three in number and which serve as support for the two pressure rollers 32, axis 32 ', of small diameter and rather close together, situated above them.

 in Fig.7 it appears that a roller 32 of the previous figure is a solid roller while a support roller 31 is mounted on a ball bearing on a fixed shaft 33; the rollers 31 and 32 are supported by support pieces 34 Z such that the piece of Fig.8, similar to that of Fig.4, on which are shown the axes 31 'and 32i rollers.

 it is clear from Fig.7 that the rollers as well pressers 32 as support 31 of the roller of Fig.6 to 8 are discontinuous sections.

 In FIG. 9, the pressure rollers 42, according to the third solution, and conversely to those of the preceding figures, are continuous, ie they extend over the entire width of the passageways, in the direction of the length. the rolling machine; the rollers 42 are supported from place to place by pairs of rollers such as 43 disposed on the one side and the other side of an intermediate support member such as 448 or on one side of an end support piece such as 45.

 Finally, note that the machine can be provided with means for automatically varying the radius of curvature during the rolling operation, so as to produce ferrules (rolled sheets) with a non-circular profile (for example elliptical, or triangular at angles rounded, etc.).

Claims (3)

1.-Sheet bending machine, called rolling machine, of the type  rolling machine consisting mainly of a roll, said  support; around which is intended to wrap the  sheet metal after bending, and smooth rollers, so-called  pressers for pressing the support roller, characterized  in that the roll support  around which the sheet is wound after bending, is  connected at one end to an engine and is  supported at this first end by a fixed bearing,  and at its other end by a retractable bearing  (Tilt); liane of this support roller remaining fixed, and,  in that the pressure rollers  are smooth rollers arranged in pairs at center distance  fixed and supported by a plurality of bearings or  rollers, supported themselves by a resting beam  itself on the frame through the holds  2.-rolled slats according to claim 1, characterized  in that the support rollers  are diVized in sections (31,32,33, ..), each section  being rotatably supported at its ends by a  support part (5,51,52, ..) resting support parts  themselves on a so-called intermediate beam (6),  taking indirect support on a built environment  rai (2) of the rolling machine;  in that the sections (31,32 + 33)  of a roll are offset from those (41,42,43)  from the other roll in the axial direction, and are  supported by supporting parts (51) are constituted  a wall mihce (53) Z forming with a sole  (54) in angle assembly  so that the botd dlex-  tremity of a section of a support roll is always  opposite a cylindrical part of a section of  the other roll, except for the ends of the rolls  the waters themselves;  3. Roller according to Claim 1, characterized  by a second stage of rollers  small diameter pressers arranged above  rollers or rollers 4.-rollers according to claims 2 and 3, characterized  in that the rollers of the second  are also sections supported by  same support pieces shaped in Z. 5. Roller according to Claim 2, characterized  in that the rollers of the second  stage are continuous over the entire width of passage of the tales, 6.-rolling machine according to claim 5, characterized  in that the rollers of the second  floor rest on rolled rolls with parts  Z-support 7.-rolling machine according to claim 5, characterized  in that the rollers of the second  floor rest on pebbles spread across the width  of passage and supported by supporting parts  8-rollers according to claim 3, characterized  in that the center distance e of the rollers  squeezers (3,4) is between d and l, Sxd, d being  their diameter, preferably identical for each, d  being itself between 0.2xD and 0.5xD, D being the  diameter of the support roller (2), the effective length  b of the latter being itself between 5xD and 10xD; 9. Roller according to Claim 8, characterized  in that the roll sections  each consisting of a hollow cylinder, (44) mounted  rotating on a coaxial central shaft (45) by means of routers  (46) arranged in the vicinity of each of the ex  trenches of the section, the tree itself being engaged  fixedly in a through bore (57) of the wall  adjacent (53) a support piece (5), each bore;  except for the end support parts  rollers supporting two adjacent coaxial shaft a 10. -rouletse according to claim 1, characterized  in that the backing roll is  supported at a first end (13) by a first  bearing (15) with double reach, and at its other end  (16) by a retractable bearing (17) arranged in a  swingable part (i8) called gate, and  in that the gate (18) to  bearing (17) is articulated on the frame (1) to be able to  switch (arrow 19) under the effect of a jack (20) between  a vertical position in which the bearing (17)  encloses a cylindro-conical end (16) of the roll  diappui (2) + and a horizontal position in which  it releases the end of the roll to allow the  removal of the bent sheet.