FR2739151A1 - Fixing screw for bone implants - Google Patents
Fixing screw for bone implants Download PDFInfo
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- FR2739151A1 FR2739151A1 FR9511162A FR9511162A FR2739151A1 FR 2739151 A1 FR2739151 A1 FR 2739151A1 FR 9511162 A FR9511162 A FR 9511162A FR 9511162 A FR9511162 A FR 9511162A FR 2739151 A1 FR2739151 A1 FR 2739151A1
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- rod
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/80—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
- A61B17/8052—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded
- A61B17/8057—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates immobilised relative to screws by interlocking form of the heads and plate holes, e.g. conical or threaded the interlocking form comprising a thread
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
DisDositif de solidarisation d'une Dièce sur un support
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de solidarisation d'une pièce sur un support à l'aide d'au moins un organe de fixation ancré dans le support.Device for securing a piece on a support
The present invention relates to a device for securing a part to a support using at least one fixing member anchored in the support.
I1 est connu de fixer une pièce en acier sur un support également en acier à l'aide de vis comprenant une tige filetée, cette dernière passant à travers la pièce pour se visser dans un taraudage usiné dans le support tandis que la tête vient au contact de la pièce. Le vissage de la vis dans le support se traduit par un effort de compression entre la pièce et le support qui est supposé générer des forces de frottement à l'interface pièce/support qui doivent éviter tout mouvement relatif de la pièce par rapport au support. I1 is known to fix a steel part on a support also in steel using screws comprising a threaded rod, the latter passing through the part to be screwed into a tapped machined in the support while the head comes into contact of the room. The screwing of the screw in the support results in a compression force between the part and the support which is supposed to generate friction forces at the part / support interface which must avoid any relative movement of the part with respect to the support.
Un premier problème se pose dans le cas où la matière du support s'altère à l'interface avec la pièce car les forces de frottement diminuent jusqu'à devenir nulles, ce qui rend la pièce mobile sous l'action d'efforts exercés sur cette dernière et peut provoquer l'apparition d'un jeu de la vis dans le support puis à la longue son arrachement. Pour certaines utilisations, le problème s'avère crucial, notamment dans le cas de la chirurgie où des implants doivent être fixés sur des os. En cas de fracture, par exemple, il est nécessaire, pour obtenir un montage stable, de supprimer tout mouvement relatif des fragments ainsi que celui de ces fragments par rapport à l'implant.A first problem arises in the case where the support material deteriorates at the interface with the part because the friction forces decrease until they become zero, which makes the part mobile under the action of forces exerted on the latter and can cause the appearance of a play of the screw in the support and in the long run its tearing. For certain uses, the problem turns out to be crucial, in particular in the case of surgery where implants must be fixed on bones. In the event of a fracture, for example, it is necessary, in order to obtain a stable mounting, to suppress any relative movement of the fragments as well as that of these fragments relative to the implant.
Un dispositif pour pallier ce problème a été décrit dans le brevet EP-A-0.345.133. Ce dispositif de solidarisation d'une pièce et d'un support à l'aide d'une vis est caractérisé par le fait que la pièce comporte un lamage dont le diamètre est supérieur à celui de l'organe de fixation de façon à définir d'une part un fond constituant une surface d'appui pour ladite tête et, d'autre part, un espace de réception d'un organe supplémentaire de blocage qui est reçu et fixé dans ce lamage. Ce dispositif de solidarisation nécessite donc au moins quatre éléments : un support, une pièce fixée sur ledit support, un organe de fixation tel qu'une vis et un organe de blocage.A device for overcoming this problem has been described in patent EP-A-0,345,133. This device for securing a part and a support using a screw is characterized in that the part comprises a counterbore whose diameter is greater than that of the fixing member so as to define d on the one hand a bottom constituting a bearing surface for said head and, on the other hand, a space for receiving an additional blocking member which is received and fixed in this counterbore. This joining device therefore requires at least four elements: a support, a part fixed to said support, a fixing member such as a screw and a locking member.
Un tel dispositif présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients.Such a device has a number of drawbacks.
Tout d'abord, il est onéreux en raison du nombre de pièces constitutives et des filetages complexes devant être réalisés. En outre, le chirurgien est confronté à certaines difficultés lors du montage ou de l'enlèvement dudit organe de fixation supplémentaire en raison de la précision nécessaire pour introduire l'outil dans l'organe de fixation supplémentaire et l'entraîner en rotation. En outre, la pièce utilisée est nécessairement d'une épaisseur importante pour permettre le logement de l'organe de blocage.First of all, it is expensive because of the number of constituent parts and the complex threads to be produced. In addition, the surgeon is confronted with certain difficulties during assembly or removal of said additional fixing member due to the precision necessary to introduce the tool into the additional fixing member and to drive it in rotation. In addition, the part used is necessarily of a large thickness to allow the housing of the locking member.
La présente invention a donc pour but de proposer un dispositif de solidarisation d'une pièce et d'un support à l'aide d'au moins un organe de fixation qui reste stable lorsque la matière du support est susceptible de se dégrader à l'interface pièce/support et qui offre une meilleure résistance à l'arrachement.The present invention therefore aims to provide a device for securing a part and a support using at least one fixing member which remains stable when the material of the support is liable to degrade on part / support interface and which offers better pullout resistance.
Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif simple, peu coûteux, facile à mettre en place et à démonter.
Un troisième but de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif qui est tel que la solidarisation de la pièce et du support ne dépend pas d'une force de compression qui les appliquerait l'un contre l'autre.Another object of the invention is to propose a simple device, inexpensive, easy to set up and to dismantle.
A third object of the invention is to propose a device which is such that the joining of the part and the support does not depend on a compressive force which would apply them one against the other.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de solidarisation d'une pièce sur un support à l'aide d'au moins un organe de fixation affectant la forme d'une tige filetée à pas constant, cette pièce comprenant un alésage taraudé traversé par ladite tige qui vient se visser dans la matière du support, caractérisé en ce que l'âme de la tige filetée est conformée pour exercer dans l'alésage taraudé de la pièce un effort radial de compression qui croît au cours du vissage de manière à immobiliser en rotation la tige dans la pièce et assurer son coincement dans ladite pièce.To this end, the subject of the invention is a device for securing a part to a support using at least one fixing member taking the form of a threaded rod with constant pitch, this part comprising a bore tapped through which said rod which is screwed into the material of the support, characterized in that the core of the threaded rod is shaped to exert in the tapped bore of the part a radial compressive force which increases during the screwing of so as to immobilize in rotation the rod in the part and ensure its wedging in said part.
Selon une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, la tige filetée présente, sur une longueur égale à au moins un pas, une âme de rayon croissant en direction de l'extrémité de vissage de la tige, cette portion de tige coopérant avec l'alésage taraudé de la pièce de rayon également croissant en direction de la face externe de la pièce opposée à la face en regard du support pour obtenir, au cours de l'engagement de la tige par vissage dans l'alésage de la pièce, une immobilisation en rotation de la tige dans la pièce.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the threaded rod has, over a length equal to at least one pitch, a core of radius increasing in the direction of the screwing end of the rod, this portion of rod cooperating with the threaded bore of the part of radius also increasing towards the external face of the part opposite to the face opposite the support to obtain, during the engagement of the rod by screwing into the bore of the part, immobilization in rotation of the rod in the room.
Généralement, le rayon de l'âme de la tige croît de telle sorte que la droite, passant par deux points choisis à la surface de ladite âme de manière telle que leur projection orthogonale sur l'axe longitudinal de la tige délimite un segment de droite de longueur égale au pas de vis, forme avec l'axe longitudinal de la vis un angle a compris entre 3 et 15 degrés.Generally, the radius of the core of the rod increases so that the straight line, passing through two selected points on the surface of said core so that their orthogonal projection on the longitudinal axis of the rod defines a line segment of length equal to the thread, forms an angle a between 3 and 15 degrees with the longitudinal axis of the screw.
L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels
la figure 1 représente une vue de face partiellement
en coupe du dispositif en position non assemblée
la figure 2 représente le dispositif de la figure 1
en position assemblée et
la figure 3 représente une vue partielle de
l'extrémité de vissage de la tige.The invention will be clearly understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 shows a partially front view
in section of the device in unassembled position
Figure 2 shows the device of Figure 1
in the assembled position and
FIG. 3 represents a partial view of
the screwing end of the rod.
Le dispositif, objet de l'invention, est constitué d'une pièce 1 apte à être solidarisée sur un support S au moyen d'un organe de fixation 2. Ce dispositif est plus particulièrement destiné au domaine médical. Dans ce cas, la pièce 1 est un implant affectant généralement la forme d'une plaque et le support S au moins un os. L'organe de fixation 2 est quant à lui constitué par une tige filetée pouvant encore être appelée vis. Cette tige 2 est filetée selon un pas D constant de son extrémité libre 7 dite de vissage vers son extrémité 8 formant pointe. La tige 2 qui assure la solidarisation de la pièce 1 sur le support S traverse un alésage taraudé 3 de la pièce 1 et vient s'ancrer dans le support S. La portion de la tige 2 qui s'ancre dans le support S est de forme quelconque.Par contre, la portion de l'âme 6 de la tige 2 destinée à venir en prise avec l'alésage taraudé 3 de la pièce 1 est conformée pour exercer, lors de son engagement par vissage dans l'alésage 3 de la pièce 1, un effort radial de compression assurant par coincement une immobilisation en rotation de la tige 2 dans la pièce 1.The device, object of the invention, consists of a part 1 capable of being secured to a support S by means of a fixing member 2. This device is more particularly intended for the medical field. In this case, the part 1 is an implant generally affecting the shape of a plate and the support S at least one bone. The fixing member 2 is in turn constituted by a threaded rod which can also be called a screw. This rod 2 is threaded at a constant pitch D from its free end 7 known as screwing towards its end 8 forming a point. The rod 2 which secures the part 1 to the support S passes through a threaded bore 3 of the part 1 and is anchored in the support S. The portion of the rod 2 which is anchored in the support S is However, the portion of the core 6 of the rod 2 intended to come into engagement with the threaded bore 3 of the part 1 is shaped to exert, when it is engaged by screwing into the bore 3 of the part 1, a radial compression force ensuring by immobilization in rotation of the rod 2 in the part 1.
Cette immobilisation en rotation est obtenue par friction des surfaces de l'alésage 3 et de la tige 2 en regard.This immobilization in rotation is obtained by friction of the surfaces of the bore 3 and of the rod 2 opposite.
Pour obtenir cet effort radial de compression, la tige filetée 2 présente, sur une longueur D égale à au moins un pas, une âme 6 de rayon R croissant en direction de l'extrémité de vissage de la tige 2. Cette portion de tige coopère lors de son engagement dans la pièce 1 avec l'alésage taraudé 3 de la pièce 1. Cet alésage 3 est également de rayon croissant en direction de la face externe de la pièce 1 opposée à la face en regard du support S de manière à obtenir l'effet de coincement souhaité. Cet effet de coincement ne peut être obtenu que si le rayon croît de manière approprié.To obtain this radial compression force, the threaded rod 2 has, over a length D equal to at least one pitch, a core 6 of radius R increasing towards the screwing end of the rod 2. This portion of the rod cooperates during its engagement in the part 1 with the threaded bore 3 of the part 1. This bore 3 is also of increasing radius in the direction of the external face of the part 1 opposite the opposite face of the support S so as to obtain the desired wedging effect. This wedging effect can only be obtained if the radius increases appropriately.
En effet, comme le montre la figure 3, le rayon R de l'âme 6 de la tige 2 doit croître de telle sorte que la droite D1, passant par deux points A, B choisis à la surface de ladite âme de manière telle que leur projection orthogonale sur l'axe longitudinal D2 de la tige délimite un segment de droite A'-B' de longueur égale au pas de vis, forme avec l'axe longitudinal de la vis un angle a compris entre 3 et 15 degrés. La forme de l'âme 6 importe peu à partir du moment où cette progression du rayon est respectée.Indeed, as shown in Figure 3, the radius R of the core 6 of the rod 2 must grow so that the straight line D1, passing through two points A, B chosen on the surface of said core so that their orthogonal projection on the longitudinal axis D2 of the rod delimits a line segment A'-B 'of length equal to the thread, forms with the longitudinal axis of the screw an angle a of between 3 and 15 degrees. The shape of the core 6 does not matter from the moment when this progression of the radius is respected.
Ainsi, à titre d'exemple, l'âme 6 de la tige 2 peut, comme le montrent les figures 1 et 2, affecter sur une longueur égale à au moins un pas la forme d'une surface de révolution engendrée par la rotation d'une génératrice parallèlement à, et autour de, l'axe de révolution D2 constitué par l'axe longitudinal médian de la tige 2, en s'en éloignant. Dans ce cas, le rayon R de l'âme 6 de la tige 2 prend successivement les valeurs R, R1, R2, R3 ... Rn, R1 étant inférieur à R2 lui même inférieur à R3, etc. L'âme 6 de la tige 2 de rayon croissant peut également affecter une forme tronconique (non représentée). Généralement, la portion de tige 2 à âme 6 de rayon R croissant présente un profil homothétique au profil de l'alésage taraudé 3 de la pièce 1. En outre, pour obtenir l'effet de coincement par friction souhaité, le plus grand rayon de la partie de l'alésage 3 en prise avec la tige 2 est au plus égal au plus grand rayon de l'âme 6 de la tige 2.Thus, by way of example, the core 6 of the rod 2 can, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, affect over a length equal to at least one step the shape of a surface of revolution generated by the rotation d 'a generator parallel to, and around, the axis of revolution D2 formed by the median longitudinal axis of the rod 2, away from it. In this case, the radius R of the core 6 of the rod 2 successively takes the values R, R1, R2, R3 ... Rn, R1 being less than R2 itself less than R3, etc. The core 6 of the rod 2 of increasing radius can also have a frustoconical shape (not shown). Generally, the portion of rod 2 with a core 6 of increasing radius R has a profile which is homothetic to the profile of the threaded bore 3 of the part 1. Furthermore, to obtain the desired friction wedging effect, the largest radius of the part of the bore 3 engaged with the rod 2 is at most equal to the largest radius of the core 6 of the rod 2.
Dans le cadre d'une utilisation médicale de ce dispositif, il est la plupart du temps nécessaire que l'extrémité de vissage 7 de la tige filetée 2 soit disposée en affleurement de la face externe de la pièce 1. Dans ce cas, la portion de la tige 2 présentant une âme 6 de rayon R croissant est ménagée à l'extrémité de vissage 7 de la tige 2 ou à son voisinage.In the context of medical use of this device, it is most of the time necessary that the screwing end 7 of the threaded rod 2 is disposed flush with the external face of the part 1. In this case, the portion of the rod 2 having a core 6 of increasing radius R is formed at the screwing end 7 of the rod 2 or in its vicinity.
Pour des raisons de solidité de la vis, cette portion de la tige à âme 6 de rayon croissant s'étend sur une longueur égale à plusieurs pas comme le montre la figure 1 où le rayon
R augmente progressivement de R à Rn en prenant par exemple au moins les valeurs R1, R2, R3.For reasons of strength of the screw, this portion of the core rod 6 of increasing radius extends over a length equal to several steps as shown in Figure 1 where the radius
R gradually increases from R to Rn by taking for example at least the values R1, R2, R3.
Pour des raisons de simplicité de fabrication, le diamètre extérieur du filetage est constant sur toute la longueur de la tige 1. Les sommets 5 du filet de la tige 2 affectent quant à eux en section transversale une forme triangulaire ou trapézoïdale. Il est ainsi possible d'utiliser un seul et même outil pour la réalisation complète de la tige 2. On utilise dans ce cas un outil d'usinage qui, au cours de la rotation de la tige 2 se présentant au départ sous forme d'un barreau lisse, se déplace parallèlement à cette dernière et s'écarte progressivement de cette dernière au voisinage de l'extrémité de vissage de ladite tige 2.For reasons of simplicity of manufacture, the outside diameter of the thread is constant over the entire length of the rod 1. The vertices 5 of the thread of the rod 2 have a triangular or trapezoidal shape in cross section. It is thus possible to use one and the same tool for the complete production of the rod 2. In this case, a machining tool is used which, during the rotation of the rod 2, which initially takes the form of a smooth bar, moves parallel to the latter and gradually moves away from the latter in the vicinity of the screwing end of said rod 2.
Enfin, la tige 2 comporte de manière en soi connue, dans sa surface d'extrémité libre 7 dite de vissage, une cavité axiale 4 généralement prismatique pour recevoir un outil d'entraînement en rotation de la tige.Finally, the rod 2 comprises, in a manner known per se, in its free end surface 7 known as the screwing, an axial cavity 4 generally prismatic for receiving a tool for driving the rod in rotation.
Bien que les applications de ce dispositif soient évidentes dans le domaine médical, d'autres applications peuvent être envisagées. En particulier, ce dispositif se révèle intéressant dans tous les cas où la solidarisation de la pièce 1 et du support S ne doit pas dépendre d'une force de compression qui les appliquerait l'un contre l'autre. Although the applications of this device are obvious in the medical field, other applications can be envisaged. In particular, this device proves to be advantageous in all cases where the joining of the part 1 and the support S must not depend on a compressive force which would apply them one against the other.
Claims (11)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9511162A FR2739151B1 (en) | 1995-09-22 | 1995-09-22 | DEVICE FOR SOLIDARIZING A PART ON A SUPPORT |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9511162A FR2739151B1 (en) | 1995-09-22 | 1995-09-22 | DEVICE FOR SOLIDARIZING A PART ON A SUPPORT |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2739151A1 true FR2739151A1 (en) | 1997-03-28 |
FR2739151B1 FR2739151B1 (en) | 1997-11-28 |
Family
ID=9482845
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR9511162A Expired - Lifetime FR2739151B1 (en) | 1995-09-22 | 1995-09-22 | DEVICE FOR SOLIDARIZING A PART ON A SUPPORT |
Country Status (1)
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FR (1) | FR2739151B1 (en) |
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