FR2723301A1 - FRUIT JUICE EXTRACTION APPARATUS - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for extracting fruit juice or the like, comprising a crusher (50, 54) which has a filling port (72) and an outlet port (74) as well as a filter (68) downstream of the crusher (50, 54) in the direction of processing, characterized in that the mill (50, 54) is made completely closed except for the filling orifice (72) and the outlet (74), in that directly upstream of the crusher (50, 54) in the direction of treatment is arranged a retaining cavity (42) which is open towards the filling orifice (72) and to which the crusher (50, 54) is sealingly connected , and in that a retainer (66) is arranged directly downstream of the mill (50, 54) in the direction of processing.

Description

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  The invention relates to an apparatus for extracting fruit juices, comprising a grinder, which has a filling orifice and an outlet orifice and a filter downstream from the grinder in the processing direction. Such a juice appliance is known from document US 2,351,330. The known juice appliance has a grinder with which fruit or the like filled in is crushed in the juice appliance to make a fruit puree called must. The must having left the grinder. the fruit pulp, or at least the larger pieces, is separated from the liquid part of the wort, i.e.

  juice, using a strainer or filter.

  The disadvantage of the known juice maker is that air can enter the wort. This causes the must to oxidize and causes undesirable color changes (for example brown coloring of apple juice) and

degradation of vitamins.

  The objective of the invention is therefore to produce a fruit juice appliance in such a way that air is prevented from entering the wort and that oxidation is practically eliminated, in order to obtain a good juice as regards appearance and taste. Starting from a juice device of the known type, this problem is solved in that the grinder is made completely closed with the exception of the filling orifice and the outlet orifice, in that directly upstream of the grinder in the processing direction is arranged a retaining cavity which is open towards the filling orifice and to which the grinder is connected in leaktight manner, and in that a retaining device is

  arranged directly downstream of the mill in the processing direction.

  The grinder of the juice device according to the invention is made closed, that is to say that apart from the filling orifice and the outlet orifice, it has no opening through which air could enter the wort. To this end, the crusher can either be housed in a housing, or the grinder's tools themselves protect the wort by

compared to air.

  Upstream of the filling orifice towards the mill is, according to the invention, a retaining cavity for fruit or the like to be ground (for simplicity, only fruit will be discussed below), in which the fruit is retained before entering the crusher and thereby seal the filling opening of the crusher with respect to air. Downstream of the mill in the processing direction, a retaining device is provided, for example a wall transverse to the direction of exit of the wort from the mill, which is arranged a short distance from the outlet orifice and on which the wort leaving the grinder is retained until it reaches the outlet. It is only under the effect of the wort which is pressed from behind while leaving the grinder that the wort retained in the retaining device is pushed laterally, so that the wort can then leave the grinder. In this way, the outlet of the mill is also closed to the penetration of air. Thanks to this the must being inside the

  grinder is isolated from ambient air, and oxidation is prevented.

  The filter mounted downstream of the grinder of the juice apparatus according to the invention can be relatively coarse, for example a colander which lets pass with the juice fine fine parts of the must, so that a cloudy juice is formed. The filter can also be fine, essentially allowing only the liquid part of the wort to pass through, so that a clear juice forms. Sizes

  intermediates allow any degree of filtering desired.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, there is provided, upstream of the retaining cavity which is located upstream of the filling orifice of the mill, a crusher which roughly crushes the fruits before they are crushed in the grinder to form wort. This improves the grinding, that is to say that the must is more finely ground in the grinder, whereby the proportion of juice obtained can be increased. On the other hand, the crusher has the advantage that the pieces of pre-crushed fruit, which accumulate in the retaining cavity, are tight against each other and thus close the filling opening of the crusher to prevent

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  seems to penetrate. Since the roughly pre-crushed pieces have a small surface compared to their mass, their

  oxidation is low as long as they are in contact with air.

  The retaining cavity is preferably made in the form of an annular cavity with a bottom driven in rotation and / or an outer peripheral wall driven in rotation. According to this embodiment of the invention, the roughly pre-crushed pieces of fruit are driven in the circumferential direction by the rotary base and / or the rotary external peripheral wall and, due to the centrifugal force, they are deposited on the external peripheral wall. . The pieces of fruit are transported outwards in a radial direction and pressed against each other, which gives a particularly good seal. The pieces of fruit reach the grinder through one or more openings on the outer periphery of the retaining cavity, preferably through an annular slot, serving as a filling opening. According to a preferred embodiment, the outer peripheral wall of the retaining cavity is made in the form of a hollow truncated cone to bring the pieces of fruit to the filling orifice of the

grinder.

  According to one embodiment of the invention, the crusher has a cutting disc comprising one or more blades which are aligned in the direction of rotation of the cutting disc. Such a cutting disc is simple to produce with a sheet which is provided with bumps at the places where the blades must be located. These bumps have through openings in the direction of rotation of the cutting disc to pass the pieces of fruit through the cutting disc. The edge of the surrounding bumps

  the through opening is sharpened to cut.

  A filling tubing for fruit, essentially perpendicular to the cutting disc. arranged at a distance from an axis of rotation of the cutting disc, ends at a short distance from the cutting disc.

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  According to one embodiment of the invention, there are provided as grinder two grinding discs which are arranged in a stack at a short distance from each other. At least one of the two grinding discs has an opening in the center and is therefore produced in the form of a crown in order to be able to introduce the fruit between the two grinding discs from the middle. The filling opening of the mill is located on the inner periphery of the grinding disc provided with the opening. The surfaces of the grinding discs facing each other are rough or provided with teeth for crushing the fruit to make it into must. At least one of the two grinding discs is rotated, and in the case of

  grinding arranged horizontally, it is preferably the lower disc.

  The two grinding discs can also be rotated opposite to one another. Due to the rotation, the pieces of fruit, or the wort, respectively, are transported between the grinding discs in the circumferential direction and towards the outside, and a transport device is not necessary. An annular slot, on the outer periphery of the grinding discs arranged at a distance from each other, forms the outlet of the mill. The two grinding discs have the advantage of closing the grinding cavity with access to the air, with the exception of the annular slot on the inner periphery which forms the filling orifice and with the exception of the slot annular on the outer periphery which forms the outlet orifice. The grinding discs have the additional advantage that the retaining cavity made in the form of an annular cavity can be well arranged in its center, and that the filling orifice of the grinder is located at the outer periphery of the cavity. retained o the fruits are transported due to the rotation of the bottom and / or the peripheral wall

  outside of the retaining cavity.

  Preferably, the crusher cutting disc is arranged in the opening of one of the grinding discs and covers the retaining cavity, the crusher, the retaining cavity and the crusher thus forming a compact unit. The fruit delivery takes place near the center of this unit,

  perpendicular to its plane of rotation.

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  In addition, this embodiment of the invention has the advantage that all the rotating parts of the juice device, namely the cutting disc, the bottom and / or the peripheral wall of the retaining cavity and a disc of grinding have the same axis of rotation and are arranged close to each other, so that they are capable of being integrally connected in rotation with each other. A drive with a central drive shaft is then enough to operate the juice machine

according to the invention.

  The crusher, the retaining cavity and the grinder can be housed in a container which can also be rotated and secured to the other rotating parts of the juice maker. This container is made in the form of a pot. An inner face of its outer peripheral wall has a small radial slot relative to the outer periphery of the grinding discs which limit between them the outlet of the mill produced in the form of an annular slot. This inner surface forms a retaining surface which prevents the wort from being able to escape

  freely from the crusher and is in particular projected outside the crusher.

  On this wall, the wort which leaves is retained in stowage as far as the outlet of the mill and thus prevents air from entering the mill through its outlet. Because of the wort which continues to be forced out of the mill, the wort which is retained on the retaining surface is pressed laterally. The juice contained in the must is pressed by the centrifugal force exerted on it from the inside against the outer peripheral wall of the jar-shaped container and it is retained thereon towards the

  high until it overflows above an upper edge of the container.

  The filter of the juice device according to the invention is preferably made in the form of a hollow cylinder. It is located on the inside of the outer peripheral wall of the jar-shaped container. The filter retains in the container the solid parts of the must, the grounds. The filter extends beyond the top edge of the container, it can also extend radially

  inward, at or above the top edge.

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  The juice machine has a fixed jar-shaped housing which receives the pot-shaped container with rotary drive, together with the other parts of the juice machine, and in which the juice accumulates leaving the jar-shaped container. pot. Preferably, this pot-shaped housing has a flow for the juice, through which the juice flows into a receptacle

placed below.

  The case can be closed by a cover which is crossed by the tubing

  filling. The cover can be snapped onto or screwed onto the housing.

  The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of the drawings which represent an exemplary embodiment. The single figure shows a

juice appliance according to the invention.

  The juice device according to the invention, which generally bears the reference number 10, has a housing 12 in one piece, in the form of a pot, comprising a cylindrical peripheral wall 14 and a flat bottom 16. At a location on its periphery, the housing 12 has at the bottom a

drain 18 for juice.

  A cover 20 closing the housing 12 is placed on the housing 12 from above. By means of screw thread segments 22, which extend respectively over a limited section of the periphery, the cover 20 is

  screwed into segments 24 with complementary screws of the housing 12.

  A filling tube 26 passes vertically through the cover 20.

  The filling tube 26 extends inside the housing 12 downwards to a cutting disc 34 horizontal, rotatable about an axis 32. The cutting disc 34 is made of sheet metal and has bumps 36 projecting towards the top which are open in the direction of rotation of the cutting disc 34. The hump edges 36 thus formed, oriented in the direction of rotation, are produced in the manner of cutting blades 38. The bumps 36 with the blades 38 are distributed over the periphery in a radial region outside the center of the cutting disc 34, the filler neck 26 opens out.

in this region.

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  The cutting disc 34 is mounted integrally in rotation on a rotary shaft end 40 mounted rotationally, which passes through the bottom 16 and which is sealed relative thereto by means of a seal not shown. By means of the end of the drive shaft 40, the rotating parts of the juice appliance 10 according to the invention can be driven by means of a

motor not shown.

  The cutting disc 34 covers a low annular retaining cavity 42, arranged around the end of the drive shaft 40. A bottom 44 and a peripheral wall 46 which widens strongly in the shape of a cone upwards is formed by a flat piece 48 in the form of a plate which is also

  mounted integrally in rotation on the end of the drive shaft 40.

  The peripheral wall 46 of the part 48 in the form of a plate is transformed radially outwards in one piece into an edge 50 in the form of a perforated disc. This perforated disc-shaped edge forms a lower grinding disc 50 which is provided with grinding teeth 52 on its upper face. A short distance above the lower grinding disc 50 is a fixed upper grinding disc 54, also in the form of a perforated disc. This upper grinding disc 54 is arranged approximately in a plane with the cutting disc 34, and it surrounds the latter. On its lower face, the upper grinding disc 54 has grinding teeth 56 which cooperate with the grinding teeth 52 of the lower grinding disc 50. The upper grinding disc 54 is fixedly mounted in the outer radial region of a plate-shaped coating 58 which is in one piece with the filling tube 26 and which covers the cutting disc 34. The coating 58 present in its middle a hole 60 through which the end of the shaft

  40 drive protrudes in free rotation.

  On the end of the drive shaft 40 is also fixed integral in rotation with a container 62 in the form of a pot comprising a bottom 64 and a peripheral wall 66 of cylindrical shape. The bottom 64 of the container 62 is sealingly mounted on the end of the drive shaft 40 and

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  is rotatably connected thereto. In the container 62 are housed the coating 58, the cutting disc 34, the retaining cavity 42 and the grinder formed by the lower grinding discs 50 and upper 54. A hollow cylindrical filter 68 which projects above the container 62 is formed inside in contact with the peripheral wall 66 of the

container 62.

  The operation of the juice device 10 according to the invention is described as follows: for example, fruit is filled through the filling tube 26 in the juice device 10. The filling can be carried out during the operation of the juice appliance 10. Thanks to the rotary drive of the end of the drive shaft 40 in the direction of arrow F, the cutting disc 34, the bottom 44 and the peripheral wall 46 of the retaining cavity 42, the internal grinding disc 50, and the container 62 containing the parts listed are rotated. With its blades 38, the cutting disc 34 cuts in fruit or the like filled with bands which pass through the through openings 70, formed by the bumps 36 of the cutting disc 34, open in the direction of rotation, and which reach the cavity of retaining ring 42 below

cutting disc 34.

  From the rotating bottom 44 and from the peripheral wall 46 of the retaining cavity 42, which opens upwards in the form of a hollow truncated cone, the strips of cut fruit are accelerated in the circumferential direction and thereby reach the peripheral wall 46 of the retaining cavity 42, due to the centrifugal force. On the peripheral wall 46, the strips of fruit are pressed against each other and in a filling orifice 72 of the mill formed by the grinding discs 50, 54. The filling orifice 72 is an annular slot which is limited by the two grinding discs 50, 54. Thanks to the pressure of the strips of fruit against each other upstream of the filling orifice 72 and thanks to the pressure in the filling orifice 72, this filling orifice 72 is closed and an air access between the grinding discs 50, 54 through the filling orifice 72

is prevented.

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  The strips of fruit are crushed between the two grinding discs 50, 54 to form a must, the lower disc 50 being in rotation, and the upper disc 54 being stopped. The wort is still driven in the circumferential direction by the grinding disc 50 and is thereby transported outwards between the two grinding discs 50, 54. On the outer periphery of the two grinding discs 50, 54, the wort comes out of an outlet port 74. The outlet port 74 is also a slot

  annular which is formed by the two grinding discs 50, 54.

  Due to the centrifugal force, the wort is pressed from the inside against the filter 68 which rotates with the container 62 or against the wall

device 66 of container 62.

  On an inner surface of the peripheral wall, serving as a retaining surface 75, or on the filter 68, the solid parts of the wort are retained radially inwards as far as the outlet orifice 74 of the mill constituted by the grinding discs. 50, 54. In this way, the outlet port 74 is closed, and an air access through the outlet port between the

  grinding discs 50, 54 is prevented.

  The wort which continues to come out of the outlet orifice 74 pushes laterally upwards and downwards the wort retained inwards on the

  peripheral wall 66, so that the crusher 50, 54 is not clogged.

  The deposit of wort on the inside of the peripheral wall 66 is

  sketched by broken lines in the right half of Figure 1.

  The deposition of strips of fruit upstream of the filling orifice 72 is also represented by broken lines in the right half of

the figure.

  The solid parts of the must are separated from the liquid parts by means of the filter 68. Thanks to the choice of the pore size of the filter 68, more or less fine parts of the must reach the liquid and form therewith the juice. If a colander is chosen in place of the filter 68,

  also relatively large solid parts enter the juice.

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  Thanks to the choice of the size of the pores of the filter 68, one can at will make

a clear or cloudy juice.

  Due to the rotation of the container 62, the centrifugal force presses the juice from the inside against its peripheral wall 66 where it is retained up to an upper edge 76 of the container 62 and overflows over this edge 72 as far as the housing 12 of the juice apparatus according to the invention. The juice

  flows out of the housing 12 through the juice flow 18.

  The cutting disc 34, the plate-shaped part 48, which has the bottom 44 and the peripheral wall 46 of the retaining cavity 42 as well as the lower grinding disc 50, and the container 62 are fixed to the end of the drive shaft 40 by means of a tightening nut 78, which is screwed from above onto a thread 80 at the end of drive shaft 40. The anti-rotation blocking between the end of the drive shaft 40 and the stated parts 34, 48, 62 is done either by friction cooperation or by means of a cooperation of shapes known per se and not shown in the figure . The tightness of the container 62 relative to the end of the drive shaft 40 is produced by pressing the container 42 against a corrugated flange 82 of the end of the drive shaft 40, which protrudes radially

outwards.

  After removing the cover 20 screwed onto the housing 12, together with the filling pipe 26 and the covering 58, which are made in one piece with the cover, it is possible, after loosening the tightening nut 78, remove the parts 34, 48, 62 threaded onto the end of the drive shaft 40 from the housing 12 and clean them, while

like box 12.

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Claims (16)

Claims   1. Apparatus for extracting fruit juices or the like comprising a grinder (50, 54) which has a filling orifice (72) and an outlet orifice (74) as well as a filter (68) downstream of the grinder (50 , 54) in the processing direction, characterized in that the crusher (50, 54) is made completely closed except for the filling orifice (72) and the outlet orifice (74), in that directly upstream of the crusher (50, 54) in the processing direction is arranged a retaining cavity (42) which is open towards the filling orifice (72) and to which the crusher (50, 54) is so connected waterproof, and in that a retaining device (66) is arranged directly downstream of the mill (50, 54) in processing direction.   2. Juice device according to claim 1, characterized in that a crusher (34) is arranged upstream of the grinder (50, 54) and the cavity retainer (42).   3. Juice device according to either of claims I and 2,   characterized in that the retaining cavity (42) is an annular cavity which has a bottom (44) and / or an outer peripheral wall (46) which   are likely to be rotated.   4. Juice device according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall   outer device (46) has the shape of a hollow truncated cone.   5. Juice device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized in that the retaining device has a retaining surface (75) approximately transverse to the orifice of outlet of the crusher (50.54).   6. Juice device according to any one of claims I to 5,   characterized in that the crusher (34) has a cutting disc (34)   with rotary drive comprising one, preferably several blades (38). 12 2723301   7. Juice device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,   characterized in that a filler neck (26) of the apparatus   juice (10) opens into the region of the blades (38) of the cutting disc (34).   8. Juice device according to either of claims 6 and 7,   characterized in that the cutting disc (34) has an opening   through (70) on each blade (38).   9. Juice device according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the grinder has two grinding discs (50, 54) arranged in a stack one on the other, at a distance from each other, one of which can be rotated.   10. Juice device according to claim 9, characterized in that the retaining cavity (42) is an annular cavity arranged radially inside the grinding discs (50, 54), which opens with an annular slot (72) in the grinder.   11. Juice device according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the cutting disc (34) is arranged on the part   upper of the retaining cavity (42).   12. Juice device according to any one of claims 5 to 11,   characterized in that the retaining surface is an inner surface (75) of an outer peripheral wall (66) of a container (62) in the form of a pot and with rotation drive, receiving the crusher (34), the cavity of   retainer (42) and the crusher (50, 54).   13. Juice device according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the cutting disc (34), the bottom (44) and / or the outer peripheral wall (46) of the retaining cavity (42), one of the two grinding discs (50). and the container (62) in the form of a pot are integral in rotation. 13 2723301   14. Juice device according to either of claims 12 and 13,   characterized in that the filter (68) is designed as a hollow cylinder and is arranged on an interior face of the peripheral wall   outside (66) of the container (62) in the form of a pot.   15. Juice device according to any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the juice device has a container (1 2) in the form of a pot. 16. Juice device according to claim 15, characterized in that the housing (12) is closed by means of a cover (20) which comprises the tubing filling (26).