FR2721488A1 - Sitting device with numerous adjustment possibilities. - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1), intended to allow a person to sit, of the type which comprises a backrest (2) and a seat (3) consisting of two support planes forming, between them, an obtuse beta angle located towards the low, the first plane (4) of the seat (3) being in a substantially horizontal position and the second plane (5) of the seat (3) being inclined against the backrest (2) with which it cooperates, the backrest (2) forming an acute angle y with respect to the vertical; the first plane (4) of the seat (3) is intended to receive the thighbones of a user, the second plane (5) to receive the ischia, the first plane (4) being of a shorter length than the second plane (5). It comprises means for adjusting the depth of the position of the backrest (2) relative to the seat (3) and means for angular adjustment of the second plane (5) of the seat (3) relative to the first plane ( 4) of said seat (3), which allows the tilting of the pelvis of the user of the device (1), so as to place the spine in the orthorachism position by adjusting the beta and gamma angles. Application in particular to seats, armchairs, chairs, benches.

Description

i The present invention relates to a device intended for

  sit, such as a seat, armchair, chair, bench.

  The essential object of this device is to make it possible to ensure the best possible grip of the spine of a user, and therefore to reduce back pain by sitting in an orthorachism of the spine. This goal is achieved on the one hand, by the specific structure of the seat and, on the other hand, by the multiple

  seat and backrest adjustment possibilities.

  There are a large number of seats which have been described and which try to ensure a better grip of the spine. The seats, the back of which forms an almost perpendicular angle with the seat, do not allow the sacrum to reach the back, this results in an obliquity of the spine resulting in: - occasional support - a kyphosis - a tangential contact of the ischial tuberosities on

  the seat causing the sliding forward.

  In order to avoid these drawbacks, so-called seats

curved were invented.

  The posterior curve pushes back the column in lordosis without avoiding the specific supports. If the user tries to reach

  the back with the sacrum, it accentuates lordosis.

  According to the state of the art, the supports of the body being made by the ischial tuberosities on the horizontal part of the seat and by a point of the dorsal column on the part

  vertical, the lumbar spine does not have direct support.

  We therefore see the disappearance of physiological lordosis and a cyphotic tendency which is aggravated by the fact that the ischial tuberosities, undergoing forces tangential to the

  horizontal wall, tend to slide forward.

  The state of the art can be defined by document EP-A-

  0.167.435 of the plaintiff, who proposes a seat of the type comprising a seat part supported by feet and a backrest and whose seat part consists of two parts whose planes form between them two angles intended to position the femurs, pelvis and spine, the seat part has only two support planes, the first part is a substantially horizontal plane and the second part is directly connected to the backrest, characterized in that this second part is planar in a downwardly inclined plane only intended for the spine and forms with the backrest, at its corresponding end, an acute angle a of the order of 15 'which is the lowest point at the low end of the backrest and that said seat part forms, with its first part, intended only for the femurs, and its second part intended only for the spine, a first dihedral angle with a top apex and a second dihedral angle with lower vertex, formed by the intersection of said second part and the backrest, and that the part connected to the backrest is slightly longer than the other part of the seat and that the two parts of the seat form

  between them, on the concave side, an angle p of the order of 150 '.

  This document indicates a good knowledge of the problems and solutions to remedy back pain due to possible poor support of the spine of the user. However, in this mode there is no

  realization, possibility of adjusting the position of the seat.

  The following document DE-A-3,138,123 describes a seat the seat part of which consists of several parts, at least three, the planes of which form angles intended to position the lower limbs, the pelvis and the spine. If Figures 1 to 10 show a good knowledge of the problem, the recommended solution actually results in a molding of the soft parts against a rounded arch-shaped relief, which does not allow a corrective effect on the curvatures of the column

vertebral.

  On the contrary, the different planes force the ischial tuberosities to descend into a "hole" or "hollow" (see Figure 11), which prevents tilting back (see the dotted lines

in Figure 8).

  Document FR-A-2,072,977 proposes a tilting chair comprising a part forming a seat, a back fixedly connected to the latter and provided with a part forming a head restraint as well as a tubular upright carrying the seat and the back , a person seated in the chair being able to lean back to tilt the seat and the backrest around a horizontal axis placed in the tubular upright, characterized in that a control device capable of being actuated by the tilting movement of the seat part makes it possible to pivot on the one hand a front part, provided on the front side of the seat part, relative to this part about a horizontal axis disposed on the latter and on the other hand, to the by means of an intermediate member capable of being put into action and out of action, the part forming a headrest relative to the backrest around a second horizontal axis disposed on the latter. This document is a tilting chair whose backrest can be tilted so that the spine is applied to it by the weight of the body. The part forming the seat is in a single part, of which

  one plan. The front part is only used for the legs.

  The seat / backrest angle is fixed at 90 '.

  Document FR-A-2,651,657 of the Applicant relates to a seat which is formed by a frame which forms a support for the seat part, feet, and a vertical stem which forms the support for the folder. Hanging from this vertical bracket is the backrest which is articulated at its lower end or base with the seat part. The seat part is made up of two seat planes hinged together and the counter-supporting plane is also hinged at the base of the hanging file. The first support plane which is substantially horizontal is slidably mounted in a slide on the support formed by the chassis; a fixing means makes it possible to block it in the

desired position.

  This last document allows many adjustments, however the different adjustment parameters are dependent on each other, it is impossible to modify only one of the parameters without ipso facto modifying the other parameters

adjustment.

  Instead of molding a seat on the spine to support it, it is necessary to mold the column on a seat whose profile

keeps it in the correct position.

  The main object of the present invention is to provide a seat comprising two planes and a backrest, the respective positions of which can be modified independently, in order to

  adapt to the morphology of any user.

  For this, the backrest is adjustable in depth so that the horizontal plane of the seat is always located under the femurs of the user, while the counter-plan is adjustable angularly depending on the position of the ischial tuberosities. It is thus possible to adapt the seat to the morphology of the user, while keeping for objective the good behavior of the spinal column of said user during the sitting position.

in orthorachism.

  To this end, the present invention relates to a device, intended to allow a person to sit down, such as a seat, an armchair, a chair or a bench, of the type which comprises a backrest and a seat made up of two planes support forming, between them, an obtuse angle p downwards, the first plane of the seat being in a substantially horizontal position and the second plane of the seat being inclined in a counter-slope with respect to the backrest with which it cooperates, the backrest forming an acute angle y with respect to the vertical; the first plane of the seat is intended to receive the femurs of a user, the second plane to receive the ischia, the first plane being of a length less than the second plane, characterized in that it comprises means of depth adjustment of the position of the backrest with respect to the seat and means for angular adjustment of the second plane of the seat with respect to the first plane of said seat, which allows tilting of the pelvis of the user of the device, so as to place the spine in position

  orthorachism by adjusting angles 3 and y.

  These characteristics are mainly due to the fact that the interface between the foreground and the second plane of the seat

  is formed by at least one articulation axis.

  According to one embodiment, the angular adjustment of the second plane of the seat relative to the foreground of said seat and / or the depth adjustment of the backrest and / or the angular adjustment of said backrest is ensured, for each adjustment, by at at least one adjustment screw, the free end of which is in support or secured, while remaining mobile in rotation about its longitudinal axis, to the element to be adjusted, and whose threaded body

  cooperates with a threaded fixed point on the chassis of the device.

  According to another embodiment, the angular adjustment of the second plane of the seat relative to the first plane of said seat and / or the depth adjustment of the backrest and / or the angular adjustment of said backrest is ensured, for each adjustment, by at least one link, one end of which is articulated on the element to be adjusted and the other end of which is movable in a fixed window of the chassis of the device, the assembly being locked in

position by a clamping means.

  According to yet another embodiment, the angular adjustment of the second plane of the seat relative to the foreground of said seat and / or the depth adjustment of the backrest and / or the angular adjustment of said backrest is ensured, for each adjustment, by at least one rack link rod articulated by one of its ends on the element to be adjusted, the rack link rod cooperating with a fixed lug, locking in position,

  carried by the chassis of the device.

  Still according to another embodiment, the angular adjustment of the second plane of the seat relative to the foreground of said seat and / or the depth adjustment of the backrest and / or the angular adjustment of said backrest is provided by a shaped spar of inverted V, articulated along an axis to the chassis of the device, one of the arms of the spar being in contact or integral with the element to be adjusted the other arm comprising a fixed lug, said spar and the lug being movable in a window carried by said chassis, the spar and said lug being blocked

in position by a locking screw.

  Whatever the embodiment, the depth adjustment of the backrest is ensured by at least two concentric tubes which can slide one inside the other and be locked in position relative to one another by means of locking screw, one of the tubes constituting the chassis of the device,

  the other tube being integral with the back of said device.

  The angle p is substantially 130 degrees () and the angle y is substantially 15 ', which creates an angle a close to 35 (between the second plane of the seat and the backrest) which is specific to

each user.

  The attached drawings are given as indicative and non-limiting examples. They represent several preferred embodiments according to the invention. They will allow

easily understand the invention.

  Figure 1 shows an overall perspective view of a

seat according to the invention.

  FIG. 2 represents a side view of a first embodiment of the invention. Figure 3 shows a side view of a second mode of

realization of the invention.

  Figure 4 shows a side view of a third mode

for carrying out the invention.

  Figure 5 shows a side view of a fourth mode

for carrying out the invention.

  The present invention relates to a device 1 intended for

  allow a person to sit.

  This device 1 is represented in FIGS. 1 to 5 by a

chair 1.

  This chair 1 is of the classic type since it has a

backrest 2 and a seat 3.

  This seat 3 also has characteristics which are

  known and clearly visible in FIG. 2.

  This seat 3 consists of two support planes forming between them an obtuse angle p downwards. This angle p corresponds to

  the inclination of the second plane 5 of the seat 3 with the horizontal.

  The first plane 4 of the seat 3 has a position which is substantially horizontal. It is intended to receive the femurs

of a user.

  The second plane 5 of the seat 3 is, in turn, inclined against the backrest 2. This second plane 5 is intended

  to receive the user's ischia.

  The second plane 5 forms with the backrest 2 an acute angle a.

  The back 2 forms, for its part, an acute angle y relative to

vertically.

  The two angles P and y, well defined, can therefore be adjusted in order to obtain an angle a well suited to the morphology of the user. But the adjustment of the angles p and y also allows the depth adjustment of the second plane 5 relative to the backrest 2, always with the aim of marrying the shapes of the pelvis

said user.

  In Figure 2 we can see all the possibilities of

  adjustment available on the chair 1.

  These different settings are of course also present

in Figures 1 and 3 to 5.

  This figure 2 shows four adjustment possibilities.

  There is first of all a possibility of angular adjustment of the backrest 2. This adjustment is carried out according to F1 when the upper part of the backrest 2 is adjusted forwards and according to F2 when the upper part of the backrest 2 is adjusted towards

  the rear, which allows you to vary the angle y.

  The backrest 2 can also be adjusted in depth with respect to the seat 3. This adjustment when carried out for the entire backrest 2, is done according to F3. When the adjustment is made, on the contrary, towards the rear, it is carried out according to F4. This setting increases or decreases the length

of the second plane 5 of the seat 3.

  The other adjustment possibilities affect the seat 3.

  There is first of all a possibility of angular adjustment of the second plane 5 of the seat 3 relative to the first plane 4, which makes it possible to vary the angle P. This adjustment is carried out according to F5 when the end back of the second plane 5 goes up and according to F6 when this

  rear end goes down.

  The last setting is more classic. It is only an adjustment either upwards according to F7, or downwards according to F8 of the whole of the seat 3, and even of the whole of the

chair 1 (backrest 2 + seat 3).

  These adjustments obviously require the presence of means

specific settings.

  These adjustment means can be angular as regards the position of the backrest 2 relative to the seat 3 but also as regards the second plane 5 of the seat 3 by

relation to the foreground 4.

  The adjustment means can also be in depth as regards the position of the backrest 2 relative to the seat 3 but also means for adjusting the height of the

  all of said seat 3 or all of chair 1.

  The adjustment of the angles p and y will make it possible to obtain an angle a, present between the second plane 5 of the seat 3 and the backrest 2, this angle a being specific to the morphology of the user,

  just like the length of said second plane 5.

  The two adjustment angles are P and y, formed on the one hand by a movable segment (second plane 5 for p and backrest 2 for y) and on the other hand, by a fixed reference (the horizontal for

i and the vertical for y).

  f is the angle of adjustment of the seat 3 and y is that of

file 2.

  The two mobile segments, previously described, define

angle a.

  In Figures 2 to 5, which are four different modes of

  realization of the invention, there are common points.

  The most important point is the presence of a hinge pin 6 or 16 at the frame 27, 28, 29 or 30 of the

device 1.

  This articulation axis 6 or 16 is present at the interface between the first plane 4 and the second plane 5 of said

seat 3.

  It is this axis 6 or 16 which will allow the angular adjustment

  of the second plane 5 compared to the first plane 4 according to F5 or F6.

  In all the embodiments, the adjustment can be carried out using adjustment screws referenced 7 to 12 which have a free end which can either be supported or secured while remaining movable in rotation about its longitudinal axis at l element to be adjusted and whose threaded body of said screw 7 to 12 cooperates with a threaded fixed point located at the frame 27

to 30 constituting the device 1.

  In FIG. 2, such a screw is present under the reference 26. It will allow the angular adjustment according to F1 or F2 of the

file 2.

  In Figure 3, the screw 7 also allows adjustment

  angular according to F1 or F2 of file 2.

  In Figures 4 and 5, there are in each case two

  screws 8, 9, 10 and 11 which allow the adjustments.

  In FIG. 4, the screw 8 allows the angular adjustment according to F1 or F2 of the backrest 2 while the screw 9 allows the adjustment

  angular of the second plane 5 of the seat 3 according to F5 or F6.

  Finally in FIG. 5, the angular adjustment according to F1 or F2, but also the depth adjustment of the backrest 2, are carried out using two screws 10 and 11 which cooperate. According to this embodiment, the angular adjustment of the second plane 5 of the seat 3 relative to the first plane 4 of said seat 3 is ensured for each adjustment by at least one link 13 of which

  one end is articulated on the element to be adjusted, that is

  ie the second plane 5, and the other end of which is movable in a fixed window 14 of the chassis 30, the assembly being able to be locked in position by a clamping means 15. This embodiment of the invention allows a second plane angular adjustment 5 according to F5

or F6.

  According to the embodiment of Figure 3, the angular adjustment of the second plane 5 of the seat 3 relative to the first plane 4 is provided for each adjustment by a rack rod 17 articulated by one of its ends on the second plan 5 which must be set according to F5 or F6. To this end, the rack link rod 17 cooperates with a fixed lug 18

  allowing locking in position on the chassis 28.

  According to Figure 2, the angular adjustment of the second plane 5 of the seat 3 relative to the first plane 4 is provided by another embodiment. This is provided by an inverted V-shaped beam 22 which is articulated along an axis 16 relative to the chassis 27 of the device 1. One of the arms of the beam 22 is supported or is integral with the second plane 5 of the seat 3 while the other arm comprises a fixed lug 31 which is movable inside a window 32 made on the frame 27. This window 32, longitudinal, extends vertically and delimits the amplitude of adjustment of the second plane 5 with respect to the first plane 4. The assembly is immobilized in position via

a locking screw 33.

  According to Figures 3 and 4, the depth adjustment of the backrest 2 is provided by two concentric tubes 19 and 20 which can slide one into the other 20. These two tubes 19 and 20 are locked in position one by 19 relative to the other 20 by means of locking screws 21. The tube 20 is in fact constituted in the figures by the frame 28 or 29. The other tube

  19 is in solidarity with file 2.

  In these two embodiments, it is possible to adjust the backrest 2 in depth according to F3 or F4, by playing on the one hand on the locking screws 21, and on the other hand on the adjustment screws

7 or 8.

  In all the figures, the height adjustment of the seat 3 is ensured in a fairly conventional manner by a jack 23 connecting the chassis 27 to 30 to the foot 24 of the device 1 clearly visible on the

  figure 1. This allows adjustment according to F7 or F8.

  Finally, according to an embodiment presented in FIG. 2, the support tube 34 of the backrest 2 and said backrest 2 are articulated together to allow adjustment according to F1 or F2 and are blocked

  in position by means of a simple clamping screw 26.

  This chair 1 is particularly intended for situations

long sitting.

  Its shape is studied to tilt the top of the pelvis backwards, so as to place the spine in orthorachism, that is to say in complete rest, the different means of adjustment making it possible to achieve this result for all

user morphologies.

REFERENCES

  1. Device for sitting or chair 2. Backrest of the chair 1 3. Seat of the chair 1 4. Foreground of the seat 3 5. Second plane of the seat 3 6. Axis of articulation between the planes 4 and 5 7 to 12. Adjusting screw 13. Connecting rod 14. Chassis window 12 15. Clamping means 16. Articulation axis of planes 4 and 5 17. Rack connecting rod 18. Fixed lugs for locking in position 19. Inner concentric tube 20. Outer concentric tube 21. Locking screw 22. Inverted V-shaped beam 23. Cylinder 24. Device foot 1 26. Clamping screw 27 to 30. Chassis 31. Fixed lug 32. Chassis window 27 33. Locking screw 34. Backrest support tube 2 a. Angle between the second plane 5 of the seat 3 and the backrest 2 A. Angle between the horizontal and the second plane 5 y. Angle between vertical and backrest 2 Fl. Forward adjustment of the upper part of backrest 2 F2. Backward adjustment of the upper part of the backrest 2 F3. Forward adjustment of the entire backrest 2 F4. Rear adjustment of the entire backrest 2 F5. Upward adjustment of the rear end of the second plane 5 of the seat 3 F6. Downward adjustment of the rear end of the second plane 5 of the seat 3 F7. Upward adjustment of the entire seat 3 F8. Downward adjustment of the entire seat 3

Claims (8)

  1. Device (1) intended to allow a person to sit, such as a seat, an armchair, a chair (1) or a bench, of the type which comprises a backrest (2) and a seat (3) consisting of two support planes forming, between them, an obtuse angle P located downwards, the first plane (4) of the seat (3) being in a substantially horizontal position and the second plane (5) of the seat (3) being inclined against the backrest relative to the backrest (2) with which it cooperates, the backrest (2) forming an acute angle y relative to the vertical; the first plane (4) of the seat (3) is intended to receive the femurs of a user, the second plane (5) to receive the ischiae, the first plane (4) being of a length less than the second plane (5), characterized in that it comprises means for depth adjustment of the position of the backrest (2) relative to the seat (3) and means for angular adjustment of the second plane (5) of the seat (3) relative to the foreground (4) of said seat (3), so that the angles P and y are adjustable.   2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the interface between the first plane (4) and the second plane (5) of the seat (3) is formed of at least one articulation axis (6 or 16).   3. Device according to any one of claims 1 or   2, characterized in that the angular adjustment of the second plane (5) of the seat (3) relative to the first plane (4) of said seat (3) and / or the depth adjustment of the backrest (2) and / or the angular adjustment of said backrest (2) is ensured, for each adjustment, by at least one adjustment screw (7 to 12) whose free end is in abutment or secured, while remaining movable in rotation about its axis longitudinal, to the element to be adjusted, and whose threaded body cooperates with a threaded fixed point on the chassis (27 to 30) of the device (1).   4. Device according to any one of claims 1 or   2, characterized in that the angular adjustment of the second plane (5) of the seat (3) relative to the first plane (4) of said seat (3) and / or the depth adjustment of the backrest (2) and / or the angular adjustment of said backrest (2) is ensured, for each adjustment, by at least one link (13) one of whose ends is articulated on the element to be adjusted and the other end of which is movable in a window (14) fixed to the chassis (30) of the device (1), the assembly being locked in position by a clamping means (15).   5. Device according to any one of claims 1 or   2, characterized in that the angular adjustment of the second plane (5) of the seat (3) relative to the first plane (4) of said seat (3) and / or the depth adjustment of the backrest (2) and / or the angular adjustment of said backrest (2) is ensured, for each adjustment, by at least one rack link rod (17) articulated by one of its ends on the element to be adjusted, the cooperating rack link rod (17) with a fixed lug (18), locked in position, carried   by the chassis (28) of the device (1).   6. Device according to any one of claims 1 or   2, characterized in that the angular adjustment of the second plane (5) of the seat (3) relative to the first plane (4) of said seat (3) and / or the depth adjustment of the backrest (2) and / or the angular adjustment of said backrest (2) is provided by an inverted V-shaped spar (22), articulated along an axis (16) to the frame (27) of the device (1), one of the arms of the spar ( 22) being in contact or integral with the element to be adjusted, the other arm comprising a fixed lug (31), said spar (22) and the lug (31) being movable in a window (32) carried by said chassis ( 27), the spar (22) and said lug (31) being locked in position by a screw blocking (33).   7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth adjustment of the backrest (2) relative to the seat (3) is provided by at least two concentric tubes (19 and 20) which can slide one ( 19) in the other (20) and be locked in position one (19) relative to the other (20) by means of locking screws (21), one (20) of the tubes constituting the frame (28 or 29) of the device (1), the other tube   (19) being integral with the backrest (2) of said device (1).   8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle p is substantially 130 degrees (') and the angle y is substantially 15', which creates an angle a close to 35 ', between the second plan (5) of the seat (3) and the backrest (2), which   is specific to each user.