FR2715058A1 - Mounting for flat tooth forming tool in articulator - Google Patents

Abstract

Where the top part (37) of the articulator (1) is detachable and only the bottom one (35) is used, the tool-holder (55) pivots on the latter's hinge axis (5). The hinge can incorporate ball-heads (36a) on horizontal bosses, the heads fitting detachably in recesses in the ends of a transverse support on the holder. The support can be telescopic, the recesses being conical, while the telescoping portions are spring-loaded against the hinge components. The support may have two links (56,57) behind each other in the longitudinal direction.

Description

Base cap intended to be held in an auxiliary tool used for odontogenesis in an articulator.

According to the classic teaching concerning the joints, the rows of artificial teeth must be placed, for the stabilization of a total prosthesis, so that almost all the teeth are in contact with each stroke of the tooth and that there are no gaping spaces between certain teeth, especially in the back. The so-called occlusion curve (Spees curve) is qualified as a contact intermediary.

When dimensioning the depth of the curve, it must be taken into account that the lower teeth must be perpendicular to the course of the alveolar process. As the course of the process is generally concave in the lateral zone of the tooth, it is quite naturally deduced that it is roughly the region of the first molar which is the lowest point of the curve.

However, the magnitude of the spherical curvature of the occlusion curve still depends on many other factors such as the rest of the incisor, the height of the protuberance and the trajectory of the condyle.

With the classic method of placing the teeth for total dentures, we start by placing the lower front teeth according to the height of the wax rim that the dentist calculated on the patient. After placing the front teeth, the canines are positioned. The molars and premolars are placed last. It is important for these groups of teeth in particular that the occlusion curve is integrated. For this purpose, it is known to use a "base cap". To maintain the base cap on the teeth of the lower jaw, it has already been proposed to maintain the base cap in the area of the base of the base of the upper jaw on the upper arm of the articulator.

The old support of an auxiliary tool that is known has drawbacks for several reasons: a first drawback lies in the fact that the upper part of the articulator impairs visibility and access with the hands during the development of the prosthesis. On the other hand, this support poses a problem with regard to the desired orientations of the base cap.

The basic caps that are known are based on stamped metal sheet in terms of the shape of the cap.

The object of the invention is to design a device of the type indicated at the beginning in such a way that it is easier to carry out odontogenesis or a control of the model teeth or prosthesis teeth.

This problem is solved according to the invention by means of a device for holding an auxiliary tool in the form of a plate in particular. used in odontogenesis. including a base cap. in an articulator. with a support for the auxiliary tool which is held on the articulator. characterized in that. when using an articulator with a removable upper part and when using the lower part only of the articulator, the support is pivotally disposed on the articulated parts of the lower part around the axis of pivoting containing the articulated parts.

Advantageously. the articulated parts have articulated heads.

Advantageously, the articulated heads are arranged on a horizontal post.

Advantageously. the support has a bearing arranged transversely with cavities at its ends with which it can be removably placed on the spherical heads.

Advantageously, the bearing is telescopic in the transverse direction and the cavities of the bearing are formed by centering cavities on the front face. in particular of conical shape, with which the bearing is housed coaxially on the spherical heads.

Advantageously, the telescopic parts of the bearing are pretensioned by a spring force acting against the articulated parts.

Advantageously, the bearing has in the longitudinal direction two articulations arranged one behind the other which guarantee a possibility of omnidirectional adjustment of the auxiliary tool.

Advantageously, at least one articulation. preferably two joints are spherical joints.

Advantageously, between the bearing and the auxiliary tool is disposed a supporting support piece which is connected by a quick connector or a fitting frame to the bearing and / or the auxiliary tool and is positioned by positive engagement and / or by adhesion.

Advantageously. the interlocking frame consists of a nesting cavity preferably arranged on the bearing and a socket stud preferably arranged on the support which can be locked in the nesting cavity.

Advantageously, the interlocking post is a preferably vertical holding rod which can be introduced into the vertical cavity. open at the front or preferably at the back, preferably with a horizontal movement. a section of the bearing having the cavity being blocked between a shoulder on the retaining rod constituted in particular by a transverse pin and a screwable nut on the free end of the retaining rod.

Advantageously, provision is made for centering preferably comprising a transverse groove for the transverse pin and a conical surface for a corresponding conical surface disposed on the nut.

Advantageously, the articulations are arranged on the support and in that preferably the retaining rod is fixedly connected to the sphere of the corresponding articulation.

Advantageously, the auxiliary tool has a support bar preferably extending horizontally towards the rear and of polygonal or round section and in that the bearing or the support has a socket mount having the shape of a hole receiving the bar. carrier in which the carrier bar can be fitted and locked.

Advantageously, the hole is placed in the sphere of the joint located near the auxiliary tool.

Advantageously. the two joints can be locked by a common blocking member, in particular a blocking screw, the blocking members for the joints preferably acting with a time shift, so that when a blocking member is actuated. only one joint begins to loosen or lock and the other joint then loosens or locks.

Advantageously, the articulation sphere presenting the hole is split and the clamping coupling made thus effective between the articulation sphere and the support bar is loosened or locked by the same locking member at the same time as the articulation concerned.

Advantageously, for the production of rows of teeth preferably for a total prosthesis, with a lower surface of convex curvature and a retaining part consisting in particular of an overhanging support bar, is made of plastic and / or of a transparent material and / or has a flat upper surface.

On the device according to the invention. the upper part of the articulator is removed. As a result, costs are reduced because the upper part is not essential or can be used for another use. and this in particular in the cases where it goes with a lower part of a second articulator. Furthermore. visibility on the teeth and accessibility for the hands are improved, which significantly facilitates work and promotes the quality of the prosthesis or parts of prosthesis. The housing according to the invention of the support on the articulated parts of the lower part of the articulator allows an easy assembly or disassembly and an easy handling on the internal part, which allows to work without discomfort with the raised halater / folded up.

In the context of the invention. it is possible to use both an articulator with a removable upper part and only the lower part of an articulator, which is used for example only for positioning the teeth.

The invention also relates to a base cap which also improves visibility on the teeth, can be manufactured simply. quickly and inexpensively and additionally offers labor relief with regard to special measures for
I odontogenesis.

The advantageous features above contribute to the solution of the problem, improve the orientation and the locking of the auxiliary tool and result in small, simple forms of construction which can be manufactured at an advantageous cost.

The invention and other advantages which it makes possible are explained below in more detail with the aid of preferred embodiments and a drawing. The following figures show the following figures:
Figure 1 shows a perspective articulator which can be used advantageously in the context of the invention; FIG. 2 illustrates the lower part of the articulator equipped with a device according to the invention for maintaining a base cap; Figure 3 shows the support with the base cap seen from the side from the left; Figure 4 shows the support and the base cap seen from above.

The articulator 1 has a lower arm 2 and an upper arm 3 which is fixed movably around a pivot axis 5 extending from front to rear and perpendicular to the longitudinal median plane El vertical of the articulator 1 and pivoting on a frame or chassis 6 in the shape of a U with two side branches 7 rising. The pivoting bearings 9 on the chassis side are arranged at the two ends of the branches 7. It is preferably an Arcon articulator with rotating and pivoting sliding joints 11, the sliding guide 12 of which is located on the upper arm 3. In the areas rear and middle of the articulator arms 2,3 are provided on their sides which face the recesses 13 (one per side) for the tooth models or bases for corresponding tooth models which can be positioned and fixed respectively by a screw 15 passing through the articulator arm 2,3 in a through hole and position pins protruding from the articulator arms 2,3. The figures represent two primary bases 19 for tooth models for lower jaw and upper jaw UK, OK. At the front end of one of the articulator arms 2, 3 of the arm 2 in this case, is fixed an incisor table 21 which supports a movable vertical telescopic support pin 22 with its free end which is positioned and fixed precisely and movably at the end of the other articulator arm, of the upper arm 3 in this case The fixing and positioning elements for the incisor table and the support pin 22 are preferably identical or adapted to each other, so that the incisor table 21 and the support rod 22 can each be fixed in opposite positions, as desired, on the upper arm or on the lower arm 2,3. For fixing, use is made each time of an adjustment slot 23a, 23b which preferably extends in the longitudinal median plane, vertically passing through the corresponding arm 2.3 and opening at its free end. In these reciprocally adapted adjustment slots, the incisor table 21 or the support rod 22 can be mounted as desired with an adjustment of suitable shape up to slot ends which coincide with each other and constitute the stops limiting the introduction , and it can be fixed by a screw piece 31 on the specific articulator arm 2,3.

The articulator 1 comprises a lower part 35 which presents the lower arm 2, the chassis 6, the articulated heads 36 projecting from the inner sides of the branches of the chassis 7 coaxially inwards, and a lateral part which presents the upper arm 3, a hub part for the articulation 38 and two articulation casings 39 fixed thereon on the side in which the articulated heads 36 are housed in a movable manner in a sliding and pivoting articulation 11. The upper part 37 is held movably in the sliding and pivoting joints 1 1 by means of two centered locks 42 assigned to the articulation casings 39. Each centered lock 42 has a C-shaped bracket 43 which, in its closed position tilted about an axis transverse 44, preferably grasps from the rear towards the front the corresponding articulated head 36 advancing horizontally inwards and blocks it ai nsi in the cavity of the joint 40 open on the side and down.

Starting from the final position of the bite, one can simulate on the articulator 1 movements of the lower jaw 1 which correspond to the anatomical data of the human body. However, it is possible to move for this purpose, in the present embodiment, not the lower jaw or the lower part 35, but the upper part 37 with the upper jaw relative to the lower part 35 (articulator
Arcon).

With articulator 1, it can be a non-adjustable articulator which is adjusted according to average values or an adjustable articulator whose articulation guide surfaces can preferably be adjusted in several ratios and thus be adapted anatomical data of the patient's head.

Four degrees of freedom are described below for the sliding and pivoting joints 11.

A first degree of freedom comprises a rotary bearing in which the corresponding articulation casing 39 can rotate around the pivot axis 5 and can be fixed in the respective position of rotation by a not shown locking member. Therefore, one can adjust an inclination of the sagittal guide surface 46.

The second level of freedom is formed by a rotary bearing in which respectively a bearing 50 having the sagittal guide surface and the Bennett guide surface can rotate around a vertical axis of rotation 46a and can be fixed by a blocking member 46b in the respective rotational position. By this means, any Bennet angle can be adjusted.

The third degree of freedom of one or two bearings 39 resides in the fact that it (s) can (can) be adjusted (s) in the longitudinal direction of the pivot axis 5 and be locked (s) in the specific setting position.

This is made possible by a lateral adjustment guide oriented in the transverse direction which is integrated into the specific articulation casing 39 (not shown).

A fourth degree of freedom consists in adjusting by rotation or replacement of the lateral guide elements which limit the cavity of the joint 40 at the rear and have different radial dimensions (progressively or in the shape of the curve), and therefore to make different displacement angles (not shown).

The device 51 for holding the base cap 52 consists of several main parts, namely an articulated part which can be mounted on the articulated heads 36a of the lower part of the articulator 35, having the form of a telescopic bar 53 and provided with a connecting piece 54, and a support 55 with two articulations 56, 57 arranged one behind the other in the direction of the length for the base cap 52 having a support bar 58 moving away from 'it towards the front, roughly horizontal, which can be inserted into a nestable frame 59 of the support 55, can move in around its longitudinal central axis 61, can slide lengthwise and be locked so removable.

A second nestable connection 62 is provided between the connection piece 54 and a holding rod 63 preferably vertical of the support 55 which is accessible as regards the connection piece 54 in particular from the rear.

The telescopic bar 53 comprises an outer tube 64 and an inner part 65 fitted in at one end which is initially pre-stretched outward by a pressure spring 66 disposed in the outer tube 64 and is protected against complete expulsion from the outer tube 64 by a pin 68 passing through the inner part in an oblong slot 67 and the outer tube 64. At each of the opposite ends of the outer tube 64 and of the inner part 65 is provided a conical centering cavity 69 on which the telescopic bar 53 is placed and pre-tensioned respectively from the inside on the spherical heads 36a, which guarantees a rolling bearing with the possibility of rotation around the pivot axis 5.

The connecting piece 54 is a hinge-shaped body, starting from the outer tube 64 preferably upwards and backwards at an angle, which is fitted by a bore on the outer tube 64 and is therefore connected in a manner fixed. On one of its front faces, here on the rear face, the connecting piece 54 has a vertical slot 71 open towards the rear in which the retaining rod 63 can be inserted and locked with a slight lateral clearance . For this purpose, use is made of a shoulder on the retaining rod 63 which preferably consists of a transverse pin 72, touches the underside of the connection piece 54 and can be tightened against the connection piece 54 by a hand nut 73 which can be screwed from above onto the retaining rod 63 projecting from the connection piece 54 upwards. A centering is preferably provided for the nestable frame 62 thus formed which is constituted with the present design of a transverse groove receiving the pin 72 on the underside of the connecting piece 54 and a conical surface 75 at the lower end of the hand nut 73, this being centered on the upper edge of the oblong slot 71, in particular near a conical area.

The two joints 56, 57 have, in connection with the possibility of length adjustment in the interlocking frame 59, enough degrees of freedom so that the base cap 52 can be adjusted and adjusted in three dimensions. For joints 56, 57, these are preferably spherical joints. The articulation 56 is disposed between the retaining rod 63 and a retaining piece 76 preferably in the form of a stirrup, the retaining rod 63 being able to be fixedly connected to the corresponding sphere of articulation. The second articulation 57 is arranged between the holding part 76 and the carrying bar 58, the corresponding articulation sphere having the specific hole where the carrying bar 58 is housed. The articulations 56, 57 are arranged respectively in the bases 77, 78 lateral of the holding part 76 thus shaped in the shape of a stirrup or U in which the articulation spheres 81, 82 are placed. The two joints 56, 57 can be blocked optionally by a common hand screw 83 which acts by right and left threading by means of clamping pieces (not shown) adjustable by rotation of the hand screw 83 against the spheres d hinge 81.82 and thus blocks them in their bearings. The articulation sphere 82 receiving the support bar 58 is split lengthwise, so that, by hand screw 83, the support bar 58 can also be locked in selectable positions relative to its possibility of movement. longitudinal and its possibility of rotation.

The support 55 is described in the older patent application P 42 1 1 018.1-35, the articulator 1 in P 42 1 1 020.3-35 and P 42 11 004.1-35, the support pin 22 with the incisor table 21 in P 42 11 008.4-35 and a specific facebow in P 42 1 1 016.5-35. In order to avoid repetition, full reference is made to these descriptions and drawings. The articulator 1 has on its external faces positioning elements, projecting mandrels 48 in the present case, on which the facial arch can be placed with corresponding positioning elements placed on its lateral arms, centering cavities in the present case.

The base cap 52 is adjusted seen from above to the layout and the shape of the row of teeth. Its lower face 52a has a convex curvature in the direction of the occlusion curve, for example with a radius of curvature r of approximately 125 mm. Therefore, the base cap is suitable for forming inclinations of tooth protuberances of about 25e to 28. These are the most common tooth forms such as Ivoclar, De Try,
Lindauer, etc. Caps with other radii of curvature can be used as required and to specifications.

The top of the base cap 52 is a flat upper surface 84 which preferably extends parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the support bar 58 and preferably horizontally in the mounting position.

The body of the base cap is made of plastic, preferably transparent plastic, and can therefore be manufactured precisely, quickly and at an advantageous cost. The support bar 58 can be made in one piece or be fixed and embedded in the body of the cap 52b as a separate component, in particular made of metal. The transparency of the body of the cap 52b not only improves visibility on the top row of teeth, but it also makes it possible to place markers, for example colored lines, on the lower and upper faces of the body of the cap 52b, that make work easier, for example. In the present case, it may for example be marking by means of colored lines, etc., of the center of the alveolar process on or under the body of the cap 52b.

The surface of the cap 52a and the upper surface 84 are preferably surfaces of a spherical segment.

The central crack of the prosthesis tooth, the static center, can thus be placed without moment on the alveolar process.

The base cap 52 is preferably assigned a handle 85 arranged on its upper face which makes it possible to take it in hand, to move it and to hold it for adjustment. With the present design, there is provided a handle pin 86 preferably equipped with a large head 87 which, preferably, protrudes in the zone of separation of the cap body 52a from the latter upwards and can be inserted and fixed. for example in a vertical hole in the body of the cap 52a
Like the facial arch already, the articulator 1 is also designed so that the Camper plane (CE) is parallel to the surface of the table carrying the articulator 1. Provided that this table surface is horizontal, the arms of the articulator 2,3 extend in their working position and the first guide 31 with the needle 33 indicating the anterior point under the nose is horizontal. As a result, the occlusion plane is arranged mainly horizontally.

With its curved lower surface 52a, the cap is attributed to
Tuberculum retromolare which has been divided into three parts. The rear orientation is the upper third, and the UK front teeth already in place should be considered as another front orientation.

For this work, the upper part of the articulator 37 can be removed.

This is of great importance because we need good visibility on the UK model for this work. A support pin 22 is also not necessary with this design, which also facilitates access.

After orienting the cap 52, the location found can be fixed using the central screw 83, with little manipulation and with precision.

Unlike conventional caps, this novelty can also be used in cases where the total prosthesis model is articulated with the facial arch.

Claims (3)

REVENDI CATIONS 1. Base cap (52) for the production of rows of teeth preferably for a total prosthesis, has a lower surface (52a) of convex curvature and a holding part consisting in particular of an overhanging support bar (58), characterized in that the base cap (52) has a flat upper surface (84). 2. Base cap according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of plastic. 3. Base cap according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a transparent material.