FR2681618A1 - PERFECTIONED CROSSING HEAD AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME. - Google Patents

Abstract

The process for the manufacture of a crossing core for a railway track, in particular a tramway, from a single rolled slab, preferably approximately parallelepiped, is characterized in that - the slab (10) is partially longitudinally, axially (100) slit ) in its two end zones (11) framing a central part (12) to provide there four wings (110) contiguous two by two, - we move aside the adjacent wings (110) by exceeding the elastic limit to give a permanent deformation with the slab (10) such that its transverse dimension is that of the ends of the crossing heart to be obtained, - the central part (12), the wings (110) and, if necessary, the ends of these are machined in order to spare them in particular grooves and running surfaces and, if applicable, fittings. Application to railways in an unmarked site.

Description

The invention relates to crossing hearts

  particularly for railways and their

assigned manufacturing.

  The installation of tramways in an "unmarked" site, in the sense of this term in terms of public works, makes it necessary to use rails.

  particular with special profiles called "grooved rails".

  Railway vehicles that are capable of traveling on such lanes usually follow straight or curved paths of small radii and the track devices intended for trams are therefore "wide angle" devices, that is to say rails of the same "hand" diverging or converging and that the lines of rails of "hands" opposite intersect by making important angles The apparatuses of way in question

  are therefore short in comparison with the

  traditional ways or for very high speed

  his. In terms of their construction, the hearts of

  crossing of the type to which the invention

various problems.

  One of these problems is the situation on the pavement of these hearts which makes it impracticable to build assembled rails, the maintenance of which

  would be practically not feasible.

  Another of these problems is that if the wide angle of intersection leads to a short heart in the longitudinal direction of the lane direction,

  generates, on the other hand, in the direction transverse to the direc-

  pathways a wide heart at its ends, between

  the rows of rails of "hands" opposite.

  Another of these problems is related to the concept of

  treadings of tramway wheels, which are generally narrower than those of current railway vehicles, and sometimes entail the need to have the flange or mantle of wheel tires carried on the rut of the grooves of the trunk. device while this obligation does not exist with wide bandages. In order to cope with this type of difficulty, crossover cores have been proposed for tramway track machines made of cast steel. This solution is known to be expensive because it requires numerous and varied foundry molds adapted to various

  situations, and also significant delays in

  tion. Another proposed solution is to make crossing hearts from rolled steel. For this solution, raw rolling blocks are used, which are then machined, for example by milling, in order, in particular, to provide for the rolling surfaces of what takes place. mushrooms, hare's feet,

  ruts of the gorge as well as the end parts

  necessary for connections to the lines of rails

  Such a solution is for example described in

BE 899,679.

  The practical implementation of this solution requires the use of blocks whose width is close to

even exceeds 0.50 m.

  We realize immediately that for such a construction, we use a quantity of matter unrelated to that which is really necessary to

  rolling and stability of the heart.

  In order to cope with such a solution, it has also been proposed to manufacture composite crossover cores using smaller rolled blocks of reduced width and length, for example of approximately 0.30 m wide, in which, in particular, they are milled. grooves and on which it comes to end report by welding the "antennas" rail special profile necessary for connections to the lines of rails that frame it.

  saves thus material, one introduces against

  part of the welds that are prone to defects and are sources of breakage and, moreover, impose additional operations that increase the costs of production. The object of the invention is to remedy this type

  difficulties in reconciling different objectives

  contradictory, that is to say, use the

  mum of material while obtaining a monoblock seamless seamless crossover core, the most stressed parts of which are subject, if any, to

  treatments increasing their longevity.

  We thus obtain a crossover heart that is both more efficient and a lower cost price.

than the previous ones.

  The subject of the invention is a method for

  manufacture of a crossing heart for ferro-

  including tramway from a rolled slab

  single, preferably approximately parallelepiped

  characterized in that: partially slit longitudinally, axially the slab in its two end zones flanking a central portion to provide four flanks adjacent two by two, the adjoining wings are spread beyond the elastic limit for to give a permanent deformation to the slab such that its transverse dimension is that of the ends of the crossover core to be obtained, the central part, the wings and, if necessary, the ends thereof are machined to include grooves and rotation and if applicable

connections.

  The invention also relates to a crossing core for railway track including tramway

  obtained by the manufacturing process in question.

  To do this, we start from a laminated slab, approximately parallelepipedic configuration or a special profile, whose length is close to that of the finished core to obtain and whose width is

  the smallest possible compatible with the central part

  heart to get to be partially split

  dinalement, preferably in the axial plane of symmetry

  the two end zones of the slab which

  will come the "tip" side and the "heel" side of the heart

  to provide four wings, on the necessary length.

  The contiguous wings thus obtained are then deviated to give the slab an opposite double Y or X configuration by exceeding the elastic limit of the material in order to obtain a permanent deformation of the slab leading to the necessary transverse dimension between the ends of the core to to obtain, and one works, the central part and the wings to house in particular the throats as well as the ends of the wings with a view to their connection to the lines of rails of the current way which

the encadreront-

  To give to the heart of crossing especially in its central part which is the most solicited, a resistance more important than that of the steel which

  constitutes the slab or the initial special profile of

  on the other hand, a thermal treatment is then carried out which makes it possible, by sufficiently increasing the hardness of this part, to give it a greater longevity. Another technique which makes it possible to increase the local hardness of the crossing core consists of a contribution of a suitable metal deposited for example by welding in the region concerned. Machining is

then made accordingly.

  The exact particular shape to give to a crossing heart (deep rut or rut carrier) depends on the specific shape of the wheel bandage intended

to circulate there.

  The localization of the regions to be hardened is different

  rent in the case of deep rut and in the case

  the rut, but both of the techniques

  previously indicated curing

applied to both cases.

  Other features of the invention are

  from reading the description and claims

  following, as well as the examination of the drawing, given as an example only, o:

  Fig-1 is a schematic perspective view

  illustrating a crossing heart in the process of

  cation according to the invention, FIG 2 is a top view of a crossover core obtained directly by the implementation of the method according to the invention, and FIGS. 3A and 3B are sections according to FIG.

  plan 3-3 of Fig 2 of two alternative embodiments.

  Crossing hearts for railway tracks

  including trams, are well known in the art.

  that, in the following, only what concerns

  directly or indirectly the invention.

  For the rest, the specialist in the art

  considered will be drawn from standard common solutions

  available to deal with the problems

  individuals he is confronted with.

  In the following, we always use the same reference number to identify a homologous element regardless of the embodiment or the variant of execution.

  For the sake of convenience, the exhibition will be

  each of the features of the invention.

  The invention will be better understood with reference to FIG. 1, which represents a laminated slab, or a special profile 10, in its initial state, to which, in width, a dimension of 0.35 m for example has been given and on which has represented the longitudinal axis 100, preferably the plane of symmetries along which the slab will be partially split, over a distance AB and CD,

  in its end zones 11 located on both sides of

  12 is thus provided by this partial slitting of the wings 110 contiguous two by two as illustrated on the right part of this figure.

  AB and CD distances may be equal or different.

  Then, in the direction of the arrows,

  wings contig es 110 of a couple to end as he-

  lustrous on the left side of this figure

  the two couples is simultaneous or successive.

  Slitting is obtained using any

  Known suitable for example sawing or torch cutting Spacing is similarly obtained by any suitable technique by forging or deformation at the

hydraulic press for example.

  2 shows a finished crossing core according to the invention seen from above after slitting along the axis 100 and spacing of the contiguous flanges 10, machining and treatments made by the machined grooves for menton or flange bandage of wheel and 40 machined ends for connection for example by splicing or welding with the rails of the current track that will frame the gauge

  to be the same or different at each end.

  7, FIG. 3A represents a partial section along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2 in the case of a bearing rut. FIG. 3B represents a partial section along the line 3-3 of FIG. 2 in the case of FIG. a deep rut. In Figures 2 and 3 the ranges 32, 33 and 34 in gray are those to be hardened in the case of the rut

  carrier and in the case of the deep rut, respecti-

  tively. Machining is done in any suitable way

  for example by milling with machine tool.

  Similarly the treatment, thermal or other is

  conducted according to any appropriate current technique.

  From the foregoing we understand all the advantages

provided by the invention.

Claims (4)

  1 Process for the manufacture of a crossover core for railroad tracks including tramway   from a single laminated slab, preferably approximately   parallelepipedic material, characterized in that: the slab (10) is sliced partially longitudinally, axially (100) in its two end zones (11) flanking a central portion (12) to provide four contiguous wings (110) therebetween two by two, the wings (110) are spaced contiguously Ues by exceeding the elastic limit to give a permanent deformation to the slab (10) such that its transverse dimension is that of the ends of the crossing core to be obtained, the central part is machined (12), the wings (110) and if necessary the ends (40) thereof to include including grooves (30) and rolling surfaces   (32, 33, 34) and, if applicable, fittings.   Process according to Claim 1, characterized   in that at least the central part is thermally treated   trale (12) to increase the hardness.   The process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein   characterized in that a metal is provided to the grooves (30) and / or rolling surfaces (32, 33, 34) at least in the central part (12).   4 Crossing heart for railway track including tramway characterized in that it is obtained by the implementation of the method according to any one Claims 1 to 3.