FR2656019A1 - FREE FLOW PIPE, ESPECIALLY FOR WASTEWATER. - Google Patents

Abstract

In this pipe formed by a plurality of tubes and internal structures, arranged in series, these structures are made in the form of shell elements (4) having a cross section of parabolic shape (5) delimiting a flow channel and are supported, at the top (6) of the parabolic-shaped cross section, on a support (7) in the part of the lower element (3) of the tube and are fixed by their upper edges (8) to the branches (9), which delimit the cross section of the channel in the upper half of the tube (1), spacers (11) being formed by the shell elements (4) between the support (7) and the upper fixing (10) , towards the inner wall of the tube. Application in particular to pipes and / or sewer pipes.

Description

The invention relates to a flow pipe.

  free, especially for wastewater, constituted by a multi-

  plicity of tubes and internal structures, arranged in

  series, the tubes having an internal cross section

  superior conditioned by the manufacturing with an upper transverse half-section, a transverse half-section

  lower and basic elements located in the semi-sec-

  lower cross-section of the tube Such free-flowing pipes are used in particular for forming pipes. The internal cross-section of the tube is arbitrary. In practice, free-flowing pipes are known, having in particular a circular profile, an oval profile or a shaped profile. mouth One foot

  can be mounted externally at the lower element

  tube laugher The tubes of such a free-flowing pipe are made of concrete, plastic, sandstone

  or by means of metallic materials.

  In known free-flowing pipes,

  which part of the invention, the internal structures are ha-

  billings, which are applied against the inner wall of

  tubes and are also connected to them and do not represent

  therefore do not feel statically independent and / or self-supporting components They are used to carry out repairs (German patent 34 14 764), act as a protective envelope or form drainage pipes for the evacuation of groundwater (German patent 27 10 429) Therefore, in the

  known free-flowing pipes, the cross-section

  interior of the tube determines, despite the struc-

  internal tures, the flow channel and therefore, apart from surface effects, the hydrodynamics of free-flowing pipes Auxiliary spaces, which are separate from the flow channel and could not be used in other goals, and not for the circulation of water, are not provided and cannot also be formed by means of internal structures In predetermined tubes, for example in the case of tubes in

  concrete with a circular interior cross-section

  area, the flow channel cannot be adapted, by means of internal structures, to different hy-

  drodynamics To some extent,

  quer in a complex way and build up a stock of

  serve as tubes having different cross-sections

  annuities. The invention aims to create a pipe to

  free flow, which has separate auxiliary spaces

  flow channel res The auxiliary spaces themselves

  same must be able to be trained and used for the purposes

the most diverse.

  This problem is solved in accordance with the invention thanks to the fact that the internal structures are made in the form of shell elements delimiting a flow channel and which enclose a cross section of parabolic shape of the flow channel, that the elements

  on the one hand are supported by the top of the sec-

  parabolic cross section of the flow channel, at the base of the tube, in the interior cross section of the latter, on a support and are on the other hand fixed by the upper edges of the branches of the section transverse channel, in the

  upper half-section of the tube, to the associated tube

  cie, and that auxiliary spaces are formed by

  shell elements in the area between the support

  lower and upper fixing, towards the wall

inside the tube.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the in-

  vention, the hull elements as well as the trans-

  parabolic shape of the flow channel are op-

  hydrodynamically timid The expression "ele-

  shell "means independent and self-contained components

  load-bearing in the sense of static, which can however also

  Also have a certain thickness like a plate The expression "parabolic in shape" is used to express the fact that the cross section of the flow channel must not correspond to a parabola in the strict mathematical sense. This expression includes also for example

  a U-shaped cross section, including a sec-

  cross section of this type with straight branches

  flared lines The apex area can also be realized

  edged with an arc shape or have a cross-sectional element of bent shape In the case of the free-flowing pipe according to the invention, it is possible to

  work with usual Cepen- pipe tubes

  these tubes do not determine either by their cross-section

  dirty, nor by their surface, hydrodynamic conditions.

  On the contrary, the hydrodynamics is regulated, with regard to the boundary conditions, that is to say the section

  transverse and the surface, by the shell elements Na-

  this is also valid in the case of installation

  of a corresponding free-flowing pipe Cepen-

  However, this can also be achieved by means of

  subsequent incorporation of shell elements or replacement

  placement of shell elements In particular, we can re-

  glide a cross section of the flow channel, narrow with respect to the cross section of the tube, using shell elements when, for a predetermined slope, it is important to have a quantitative flow having a high flow energy, because that particular waste water or a particular volume of waste water requires this arrangement, so that for example no deposit is formed.

  also provide an adjustment according to the invention allows-

  both the adaptation to particular operating conditions

operation.

  In detail, there are several possibilities.

  bed of variant arrangements and embodiments within the framework of the invention A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the shell elements are made in one piece with a cross section of parabolic shape delimiting the flow channel and closed at its top In this case, it is possible to arrange the device so that the shell elements are tightened, in the region of the upper half-cross section of the tube, by a constraint of bending which results from a positive or negative spacing of the branches, delimiting the cross section of the channel, of these elements We speak of positive spacing when the distance between the upper edges of the branches, which delimit the cross section of the channel, and the non-deformed initial position increases, while

  speak of negative spacing when this distance is reduced.

  In all cases, constraints can be obtained in this way which block the shell elements in the associated tube. Furthermore, it is also possible to arrange the shell elements in the form of two elements, that is to say to say of two half-shells, in the sense of statics,

  with an articulation at their vertices.

  In a free-flowing pipe according to the invention, the auxiliary spaces are formed first of all for questions of hydrodynamic design of the flow channel, which can be adapted to the particular conditions, which are essential for a pipe with

  Predetermined free flow But the auxiliary spaces

  liaries generally perform additional functions

  and are used to meet additional objectives

  In this regard, a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the spaces

  spacers are arranged in the form of pass channels

  wise lines and / or cable passage channels and / or channels in which we can walk and are equipped with

  corresponding auxiliary device S The auxiliary spaces

  binders can also be used to collect,

  evacuate and control waste water escaping through

  f seals present in the covering of the base element of the tube, or, in the case of a corresponding seal, for example at a riser, to

  establish an external water pressure and therefore em-

  fishing for waste water outlets, as well as for checking the tightness of the covering of the base element of the tube In this regard, it is also possible to work with liquids

  The specific embodiment includes

  auxiliary spaces made in the form of

  nals for the passage of lines or cable passage channels, is therefore particularly important since, for example in urban areas, there is a significant need for additional passage channels for lines, cables, etc. they are put in place to so to speak

  simultaneously when installing a flow line

  Lely free according to the invention.

  The conditions from the point of view of the cross section and the degrees of freedom from the design point of view are particularly advantageous when, according to

  an appropriate embodiment of the invention, the sec-

  the transverse interior of the tube has a circular form

cular.

  Similarly, there is, within the framework of the invention,

  several possibilities from the point of view of the material used.

  Thus, a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the shell elements are made of glass, preferably a safety glass and in particular a prestressed safety glass. It is obvious that, in the case of the use of glass shell elements, the usual rules are taken into account in the case of glass constructions. Thus, it may be appropriate to have frame elements or receiver bars.

  at least in the area of the upper edge of the branches

  however, the cross-sectional elements

  shell can also be made of a plas-

  tick, preferably a plastic reinforced with fibers.

  Another proposal of the invention consists in making the shell elements out of sheet, preferably a sheet of steel, including a sheet of austenitic steel. Similarly, combinations of these materials can be used. It is in principle recommended to choose the materials for the shell elements so that they have as smooth a surface as possible, at least in the direction of the flow channel It goes without saying that the shell elements can also be arranged so that they can be exchanged. In the free-flowing pipe according to the invention, the shell elements are integrated into the cross section of the tube, taking into account the rules

  of basic indicated To carry out in a simple way an integration

  gration and a corresponding assembly, provision has been made

  ment to the invention that the inner cross section of the tube comprises molded fixing devices and / or molded clamping devices for the upper edges

  branches, which delimit the cross section of the box

  nal, shell elements But it is also possible to equip the inner cross-section of the tube,

  recessed fixing devices and / or embedded devices

  castrated anchors for the upper edges of the branches

  delimiting the cross section of the channel

  corresponding, the inner cross section of the tube may include molded supports for the tops of the

  shell elements, or corresponding recessed supports

  dants It is within the scope of the invention to connect to the edges of the branches of the cross section of the channel, at the level of the upper transverse half-section of the tube, a covering plate pressing against the inner wall of the tube, thus say as a ceiling or roof of the flow channel similarly this plate

  dressing can be carried out with the indicated materials.

  It goes without saying that, in a free-flowing pipe in accordance with the invention, the shell elements must connect together in the longitudinal direction of the pipe. This can be achieved by means of butt joints, which are sealed, but also with

  elements in the form of sleeves installed on the elements

  hull parts and with corresponding overlap

during assembly.

  The advantages obtained must be seen in the fact that, in the case of a free-flowing pipe in accordance with the invention, work is carried out with standard tubes, in particular with standard pipe tubes. shell inserted in accordance with

  invention, one can obtain, without difficulty, an optimization

  hydrodynamic area very extensive and also create the conditions necessary for the use of free spaces obtained under the effect of the mounting of the shell elements, for other purposes Despite the formation of such free spaces, hydrodynamic conditions can be adjusted so that there does not occur any kind of disturbance in relation to the quantitative flows which must allow the free-flowing pipe. What is particularly advantageous is that one can easily modify the equipment of free-flowing pipes already installed. and formed by usual pipe tubes to form free-flowing pipes according to the invention and which can be

  also, therefore, sanitize them.

  Other features and advantages of the pre-

  sente invention will emerge from the description given below

  after reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a free-flowing pipe according to the invention; Figure 2 shows part of another embodiment of Figure 1; and Figures 3 to 5 show other forms of

  realization of the object of figure 1.

  The free-flowing pipes shown in cross section in the figures can be intended in particular for the discharge of waste water In the direction

  longitudinal, each free-flowing pipe is formed

  led by a multiplicity of tubes 1 arranged in series These are tubes 1 of large diameter, in which one can normally walk Tubes 1 have an internal cross section conditioned by the manufacture and having an upper half cross section, located

  above line 2, a half cross-section

  below line 2 and an inferior element

  lower 3 located in the part of the transverse half-section

  dirty tube bottom These details provide an indi-

  cation for the installed free-flowing pipe.

  With regard to the manufacturing technique, a corresponding differentiation can be established, but this is not

not necessary.

  The free-flow pipes shown have internal structures produced in the form of shell elements 4 forming a flow channel The shell elements 4 delimit a cross section 5 of parabolic shape of the flow channel The expression

  "shell element" 4 indicates that it is thus a matter of

  independent and self-supporting in the static sense.

  It can be seen in all the figures that the shell elements 4 are on the one hand supported by the apex 6 of their cross section 5 of parabolic shape of the flow channel, by a support 7 at the level of the lower element 3 of the

  tube, in the interior cross section of this

  deny and on the other hand, are fixed by the upper edges 8 of the branches 9, which delimit the cross section of the channel, in the upper half cross section of the tube, on the associated tube 1, using a fixing 10 It is obvious that here also a seal is provided, for example so that different pressures can be maintained in the different channels. The arrangement and arrangement are further designed so that auxiliary spaces 11 are formed by the shell elements 4 in the area between the lower support 7 and the upper fixing device

  10, towards the inner wall of the tube The elements

  hull elements 4 as well as cross section 5 of

  parabolic shape of the flow channel can be op-

  timid from the hydrodynamic point of view and in this respect we

  will also refer to a comparison of Figures 2 to 4.

  In the exemplary embodiment and in accordance with

  a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elements

  hull elements 4 are made in one piece with a

  cross section of the parabola-shaped flow channel

  lique, closed at the top 6 The shell elements 4 can be tightened, in the region of the upper half-cross section of the tube, with a bending stress resulting from a positive or negative separation of the branches 9 delimiting the cross section of the channel Such conditions are obtained for example in the figures

  2 to 4 But it is also possible to carry out the ele-

  hull elements 4, in the static sense, with two elements

  elements, that is to say two half-shells 4 a, 4 b, which have a hinge 12 at the top, as shown in the part of FIG. 2 The hinge 12 located at the top is established by the fact that at the lowest point of the apex 6, the half-shells 4 a, 4 b are applied one against the other and this by means of the interposed mounting of a profile 13 customary in glass construction and capable of

elastically deform.

  In FIG. 1, it has been indicated that the auxiliary spaces

  They are arranged in the form of line passage channels and / or cable passage channels and / or in the form of channels in which one can walk. They are fitted with corresponding auxiliary devices. In FIG. 1, components 14, which on the one hand are applied against the inner wall of the tube and form, so to speak, platform-shaped surfaces 15 on which one can walk If the shell elements 4 are made of glass, the cross section 5 of the flow channel remains fully visible when walking

in driving.

  In the exemplary embodiment and in accordance with

  a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sec-

  Inner transverse tion of the tube is made with a circular shape since this allows particularly suitable adjustments to be made to the

  conditions for cross-sectional areas.

  As already mentioned, the shell elements 4 can be made of glass, but they can also be

  plastic or sheet metal.

  In FIGS. 3 to 5, it can be seen that the internal cross section of the tube comprises fixing devices 10 and / or clamping devices for the upper edges 8 of the branches 9 of the cross section of the channel. In the embodiment of the Figure 3, these

  devices are formed by molding in the form of rea-

  Reading Figures 4 and 5, the arrangement is such that the

  inner cross section of the tube has provisions

  fixing devices 10 and / or clamping devices for the upper edges 8 of the arms 9, which delimit the

  cross section of the channel, hull elements 4.

  In Figure 1, there is shown in the composition

  sant inserted 14, which also has platforms 15 on which one can walk, a molded support 7 intended

  to support the tops 6 of the shell elements 4 This sup-

he

  port could also be formed by molding in the sec-

  inner transverse tion of the tube Such supports can

  However, they can also also be mounted in the tubes 1 In FIG. 1, we can see, in the upper half-cross section of the tube, a covering plate 16,

  which is connected to the edges 8 of the branches 9, which delimits

  tent the cross section of the channel, is applied against the inner wall of the tube and forms a roof or ceiling covering, so to speak. In the fastening devices 10, components of the type are also recognized

  usual in glass construction.

Claims (11)

REVENDI CATIONS   1 Free-flowing pipe, especially for wastewater, consisting of a multiplicity of tubes and   internal structures, arranged in series, the tubes   in an interior cross section conditioned by   manufacturing with an upper half cross-section   lower, a lower half-cross-section and basic elements located in the lower half-cross-section of the tube, characterized in that the internal structures are produced in the form of shell elements (4) delimiting a flow channel and which enclose a parabolic cross section (5) of the flow channel, that the shell elements (4) are on the one hand supported by the top (6) of the parabolic cross section (5) of the channel flow, at the base element (3) of the tube, in the interior cross section of the latter, on a support (7) and are on the other hand fixed by the upper edges (8) of the branches ( 9) from the cross section of the channel, in the upper half cross section of the tube, to the associated tube (1), and that auxiliary spaces (11) are formed by the shell elements (4) in the area between the lower support (7) and upper fixing higher (10), in   direction of the inner wall of the tube.   2 Free-flowing pipe as claimed   cation 1, characterized in that the shell elements (4) and the parabolic cross section (5)   of the flow channel are optimized from the hydro-   dynamic. 3 Free-flowing pipe according to one of   claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the elements   shell (4) are made in one piece with a sec-   transverse parabolic shape (5) delimiting the   flow channel and closed at its top (6).   4 Free-flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the   shell elements (4) are tight, in the area of the half   upper cross section of the tube, by a bending stress which results from a positive or negative spacing of the branches (9), delimiting the cross section of the nal, of these elements.   Free-flowing pipe according to one of the   claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the elements   hull (4) are formed of two elements, that is to say of two half-hulls (4 a, 4 b), joined by a joint (12) located at their top.   6 Free-flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the   intermediate spaces (11) are arranged in the form of line passage channels and / or cable passage channels and / or channels in which one can walk and are equipped with auxiliary devices (14,15) adapted to the corresponding purpose.   7 Free flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the   inner cross section of the tube has a circular shape.   8 Free-flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the   shell elements (4) are made of glass, preferably   a safety glass and in particular a pre- constrained.   9 Free-flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the   shell elements (4) are made of a plastic material   tick, preferably a plastic material reinforced by fibers.   Free flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the   shell elements (4) are formed from a sheet, preferably   sheet steel, including austenitic sheet steel.   11 Free flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the   inner cross section of the tube has provisions   molded fixing components (10) and / or molded clamping devices for the upper edges (8) of the legs (9),   which delimit the cross section of the channel, elements hull parts (4).   12 Free-flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the   inner cross section of the tube has provisions   recessed fixing devices (10) and / or devices   castration for the upper edges (8) of the   branches (9), which define the cross section of the nal, shell elements (4).   13 Free flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the   inner cross section of the tube has sup-   molded ports (7) provided for the tops (6) of the elements shell (4).   14 Free flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the   inner cross section of the tube has sup-   recessed ports (7) for the tops (6) of the shell (4).   Free flowing pipe according to one   conch of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that at   level of the upper cross-section of the tube, at the edges (8) of the branches (9), which delimit the section   transverse channel, shell elements (4), is connected   strung a cover plate (16), which is applied directly   ment or indirectly against the inner wall of the tube.