FR2651741A1 - Four-wheel drive vehicle such as an agricultural tractor or the like - Google Patents
Four-wheel drive vehicle such as an agricultural tractor or the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2651741A1 FR2651741A1 FR8912160A FR8912160A FR2651741A1 FR 2651741 A1 FR2651741 A1 FR 2651741A1 FR 8912160 A FR8912160 A FR 8912160A FR 8912160 A FR8912160 A FR 8912160A FR 2651741 A1 FR2651741 A1 FR 2651741A1
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- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- machine
- structures
- fuel
- ground
- acting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D53/00—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains
- B62D53/02—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a uniaxle tractor unit and a uniaxle trailer unit
- B62D53/021—Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains comprising a uniaxle tractor unit and a uniaxle trailer unit comprising a universal coupling joint
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a trait à un engin à quatre roues motrices tel qu'un tracteur agricole ou similaire. The present invention relates to a four-wheel drive machine such as an agricultural tractor or the like.
Elle a trait plus particulièrement à un engin à transmission hydrostatique avec quatre roues égales et motrices. It relates more particularly to a hydrostatic transmission machine with four equal and driving wheels.
De nombreuses réalisations ont été faites pour la conception de tracteurs agricoles et engins divers. Many achievements have been made for the design of agricultural tractors and various machines.
Le principal défaut des tracteurs et autres engins est le basculement latéral dans les dévers, ce qui entraîne souvent la mort du conducteur. The main shortcoming of tractors and other machines is lateral tilting on slopes, which often results in the death of the driver.
L'invention a pour but de remédier à ce défaut de renversement et elle a trait à un engin dont le centre de gravité est le plus bas possible, si bien que le basculement est pratiquement impossible et est remplacé par un glissement dans les très fortes pentes. The object of the invention is to remedy this defect in overturning and it relates to a machine whose center of gravity is as low as possible, so that tilting is practically impossible and is replaced by sliding on very steep slopes. .
Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, l'engin comprend une structure avant et une structure arrière sensiblement égales en hauteur, largeur et longueur et au milieu de l'engin, un centre d'articulation comprenant à la fois un axe vertical pour obtenir le braquage de l'engin et un axe horizontal pour obtenir un contact permanent du sol avec les parties avant et arrière par l'intermédiaire des roues, les structures avant, arrière et le centre d'articulation étant à la même hauteur par rapport au sol et ayant sensiblement la même épaisseur. According to a characteristic of the invention, the machine comprises a front structure and a rear structure substantially equal in height, width and length and in the middle of the machine, a center of articulation comprising both a vertical axis to obtain the steering of the machine and a horizontal axis to obtain permanent contact of the ground with the front and rear parts via the wheels, the front, rear structures and the articulation center being at the same height with respect to the ground and having substantially the same thickness.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, une des deux structures de l'engin comporte le moteur thermique, les pompes d'avancement, de travail et d'accessoires, un réservoir d'huile et/ou de combustible et un relevage hydraulique pour porter des outils de travail. According to another characteristic of the invention, one of the two structures of the machine comprises the heat engine, the advancement, working and accessory pumps, an oil and / or fuel tank and a hydraulic lift for carry work tools.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'autre structure de l'engin comporte un réservoir d'huile et/ou réservoir de combustible, une cabine de conduite pouvant être dans les deux sens avec une direction assistée de vérins et un relevage hydraulique pour porter des outils de travail. According to another characteristic of the invention, the other structure of the machine comprises an oil tank and / or fuel tank, a driving cabin which can be in both directions with a power steering of jacks and a hydraulic lift. to carry work tools.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le centre d'articulation comprend à la fois un axe vertical pour le braquage de l'engin et un axe horizontal pour le contact permanent des roues solidaires des structures avant et arrière. According to another characteristic of the invention, the articulation center comprises both a vertical axis for the turning of the machine and a horizontal axis for the permanent contact of the wheels secured to the front and rear structures.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque roue comporte des bras de suspension liés à la structure, un vérin permettent de faire varier verticalement la position de ces bras, ce qui permet de faire varier l'assiette de l'engin de façon à l'équilibrer dans les devers. According to another characteristic of the invention, each wheel has suspension arms linked to the structure, a jack makes it possible to vary the position of these arms vertically, which makes it possible to vary the attitude of the machine so as to balance it in the slopes.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, deux inclinomètres solidaires chacun d'une structure avant et arrière permettent de commander les distributeurs électriques des vérins de suspension de façon à corriger les devers des structures avant et arrière d'une façon indépendante. According to another characteristic of the invention, two inclinometers each secured to a front and rear structure allow the electrical distributors of the suspension cylinders to be controlled so as to correct the slopes of the front and rear structures independently.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de l'invention, des télé-commandes permettent de diriger l'engin, sans la présence du conducteur en commandant les vérins de direction, les débits des pompes d'avancement et d'outils, et l'arrêt de l'engin, dans les cas de terrains très difficiles et dangereux. According to another characteristic of the invention, remote controls make it possible to steer the machine, without the presence of the driver by controlling the steering cylinders, the flow rates of the advance pumps and tools, and the stopping of the 'machine, in cases of very difficult and dangerous terrain.
L'invention et les avantages qu'elle apporte seront mieux compris grâce aux exemples de réalisation donnés ci-après à titre indicatif mais non limitatif et qui sont illustrés par les schémas annexés dans lesquels
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe verticale de l'engin conforme à l'invention ;
- la figure 2 est une vue en plan de l'engin conforme à l'invention
- la figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale du centre d'articulation ;
- la figure 4 est une vue en coupe de la suspension d'une roue montrant la disposition du vérin.The invention and the advantages which it brings will be better understood thanks to the exemplary embodiments given below by way of indication but not limitation and which are illustrated by the appended diagrams in which
- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the machine according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a plan view of the machine according to the invention
- Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the articulation center;
- Figure 4 is a sectional view of the suspension of a wheel showing the arrangement of the cylinder.
Bien entendu, d'autres dispositions pourront être prises sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention, en particulier pour l'organisation du centre d'articulation et des structures avant et arrière. Of course, other arrangements can be made without departing from the scope of the invention, in particular for the organization of the articulation center and the front and rear structures.
La figure 1 est une vue en coupe verticale de l'en- gin conforme à l'invention. On y trouve la structure avant (1), la structure arrière (2) et le centre d'articulation (3). On remarque que la structure avant, le centre d'articulation et la structure arrière forment une seule poutre d'épaisseur sensiblement égale et se situant à la même hauteur par rapport au sol. Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the device according to the invention. There is the front structure (1), the rear structure (2) and the articulation center (3). Note that the front structure, the center of articulation and the rear structure form a single beam of substantially equal thickness and located at the same height from the ground.
Le moteur thermique (4), les pompes d'avancement, d'outils et d'accessoires (5), le relevage (6) comportant des bras non figurés sur le dessin sont installés sur la structure (1) qui forme un réservoir d'huile (7) pour l'alimentation des pompes. The heat engine (4), the advancement pumps, tools and accessories (5), the linkage (6) comprising arms not shown in the drawing are installed on the structure (1) which forms a reservoir d 'oil (7) to supply the pumps.
La cabine de conduite (8), la direction (9), le relevage (10) sont installés sur la structure (2) qui forme réservoir d'huile (11) et de combustible (12). The driver's cabin (8), the steering (9), the lift (10) are installed on the structure (2) which forms the oil (11) and fuel (12) reservoir.
Bien entendu, on pourra intervertir les réservoirs d'huile et de combustible ou mettre le réservoir de combustible à l'avant sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention. Of course, one can invert the oil and fuel tanks or put the fuel tank at the front without departing from the scope of the invention.
La figure 2 est une vue en plan de l'engin, on y retrouve les mêmes organes. La structure (1) comprend un réservoir d'huile (7), un moteur thermique (4), les pompes (5), le relevage (6). La structure (2) comprend la cabine de conduite (8), la direction (9), le relevage (10) des réservoirs (11) et (12). Des moteurs hydrauliques (13) entraînent les roues (14) égales et de même diamètre, deux vérins (15) et (16) permettant d'assister la direction. Ils sont commandés par des distributeurs électriques (17) et (18) qui peuvent être télécommandés, ce qui permet de conduire l'engin à distance sans conducteur. Figure 2 is a plan view of the machine, there are the same organs. The structure (1) comprises an oil tank (7), a heat engine (4), the pumps (5), the lift (6). The structure (2) comprises the driver's cab (8), the steering (9), the lifting (10) of the tanks (11) and (12). Hydraulic motors (13) drive the wheels (14) equal and of the same diameter, two cylinders (15) and (16) for assisting the steering. They are controlled by electrical distributors (17) and (18) which can be remote-controlled, which makes it possible to drive the machine remotely without a driver.
La figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale du centre d'articulation. On y trouve une partie en U (20), solidaire de la structure (2) par exemple et un tube (21) solidaire de la structure (1), l'axe de rotation (22) vertical est soudé sur un tube (23) et la hauteur de l'axe correspond à la hauteur intérieure du U (20), le tube (23) peut donc tourner en rotation, mais il reste fixe en déplacement latéral, ce tube est fermé (24) et porte un axe de fixation (25) très solide. Le tube (21) tourne à l'intérieur du tube (23) sur deux bagues (26) et (27) et est fermé à son extrémité (28). Un disque de frein (29) est monté entre les deux fonds (28) et (24) et freine le déplacement en rotation, des rondelles Belleville (30) ou similaires permettent d'absorber l'usure du disque de frein, une butée (31) et un écrou de serrage (32) empêchent le tube (21) de sortir du tube (23).L'axe (22) tourillonne sur un roulement (33) fixé au U (20) par les paliers (34). Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the articulation center. There is a U-shaped part (20), integral with the structure (2) for example and a tube (21) integral with the structure (1), the vertical axis of rotation (22) is welded to a tube (23 ) and the height of the axis corresponds to the interior height of the U (20), the tube (23) can therefore rotate in rotation, but it remains fixed in lateral movement, this tube is closed (24) and carries an axis of very solid fixing (25). The tube (21) rotates inside the tube (23) on two rings (26) and (27) and is closed at its end (28). A brake disc (29) is mounted between the two bottoms (28) and (24) and brakes the movement in rotation, Belleville washers (30) or the like make it possible to absorb the wear of the brake disc, a stop ( 31) and a clamping nut (32) prevent the tube (21) from coming out of the tube (23). The axis (22) revolves on a bearing (33) fixed to the U (20) by the bearings (34).
On a donc réalisé deux axes de rotation, un axe vertical (22) et un axe horizontal (21), ce qui permet avec deux structures (1) et (2) de rester toujours en contact avec le sol par l'intermédiaire de leurs roues et donc d'améliorer l'adhérence. Two axes of rotation have therefore been produced, a vertical axis (22) and a horizontal axis (21), which allows two structures (1) and (2) to always remain in contact with the ground by means of their wheels and therefore improve grip.
Bien entendu, on pourra sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention exécuter d'autres montages de façon à obtenir deux axes de rotation, l'un vertical l'autre horizontal, en particulier on pourra prendre des roulements à rouleaux coniques. Of course, it will be possible without departing from the scope of the invention to carry out other assemblies so as to obtain two axes of rotation, one vertical the other horizontal, in particular we can take tapered roller bearings.
La figure 4 est une vue en coupe verticale de l'articulation d'une roue montrant la disposition du vérin. Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of the hinge of a wheel showing the arrangement of the cylinder.
La structure (1) est solidaire des supports supérieurs (35) et inférieurs (36). Dans ces supports, tourillonnent deux bras supérieurs (37) et deux bras inférieurs (38) qui tourillonnent dans deux supports (39) et (40) solidaires de la plaque (41) où se fixe le moteur roue (13) qui entraîne la jante (42) de la roue (14). Un vérin (43) relie les bras inférieurs (38) aux supports fixes (44) solidaires de la structure (1). On remarque donc que le vérin pourra faire varier la hauteur de la structure (1) par rapport au sol, on obtient ainsi la possibilité de corriger le devers. Un inclinomètre (45) placé au centre longitudinal de la structure (1) mesure constamment le devers et commande par l'intermédiaire d'un distributeur électrique proportionnel (46) et d'un microprocesseur (47), avec carte électronique (48) l'arrivée ou la sortie du fluide hydraulique dans le vérin (43).On obtient ainsi la possibilité de corriger constamment le devers de la structure (1) dans la limite de la course du vérin (43). De préférence, le véhicule comportera deux inclinomètres, un pour chaque structure, donnant ainsi une correction indépendante entre les deux structures (1,2), ce qui améliore d'une façon importante l'adhérence de l'engin.The structure (1) is integral with the upper (35) and lower (36) supports. In these supports, rotate two upper arms (37) and two lower arms (38) which rotate in two supports (39) and (40) integral with the plate (41) where the wheel motor (13) which drives the rim is fixed (42) of the wheel (14). A jack (43) connects the lower arms (38) to the fixed supports (44) integral with the structure (1). It is therefore noted that the jack may vary the height of the structure (1) relative to the ground, thus obtaining the possibility of correcting the slope. An inclinometer (45) placed in the longitudinal center of the structure (1) constantly measures the slope and controls via a proportional electrical distributor (46) and a microprocessor (47), with electronic card (48) l arrival or exit of the hydraulic fluid in the jack (43). This gives the possibility of constantly correcting the slope of the structure (1) within the limit of the stroke of the jack (43). Preferably, the vehicle will have two inclinometers, one for each structure, thus giving an independent correction between the two structures (1,2), which significantly improves the grip of the machine.
Une télécommande permet de commander les distributeurs alimentant les deux vérins de la direction, ce qui permet de diriger l'engin à distance. Egalement la télécommande agira, d'une part sur les pompes hydrauliques permettant de faire varier les débits et donc les vitesses de l'engin et des outils, et d'autre part sur l'alimentation du moteur pour obtenir l'arrêt de l'engin en cas de difficultés. A remote control is used to control the distributors supplying the two steering cylinders, which makes it possible to direct the machine from a distance. Also the remote control will act, on the one hand on the hydraulic pumps making it possible to vary the flow rates and therefore the speeds of the machine and the tools, and on the other hand on the power supply of the engine to obtain the stopping of the machine in case of difficulties.
D'autres exemples de réalisation pourront être obtenus en faisant varier par exemple le nombre et la forme des réservoirs dans les structures, la fixation des axes de rotation dans le centre de rotation, sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention. Other embodiments may be obtained by varying, for example, the number and the shape of the tanks in the structures, the fixing of the axes of rotation in the center of rotation, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.
Un tel engin est particulièrement stable et peut donc être utilisé dans des conditions de travail difficiles, par exemple comme engin de débroussaillement. Such a machine is particularly stable and can therefore be used in difficult working conditions, for example as a brushcutting machine.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8912160A FR2651741A1 (en) | 1989-09-12 | 1989-09-12 | Four-wheel drive vehicle such as an agricultural tractor or the like |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8912160A FR2651741A1 (en) | 1989-09-12 | 1989-09-12 | Four-wheel drive vehicle such as an agricultural tractor or the like |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2651741A1 true FR2651741A1 (en) | 1991-03-15 |
Family
ID=9385561
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8912160A Withdrawn FR2651741A1 (en) | 1989-09-12 | 1989-09-12 | Four-wheel drive vehicle such as an agricultural tractor or the like |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2651741A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3937124A1 (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-05-16 | Alfons Holmer | Multipurpose two-section articulated vehicle - runs on profiled belts, with thrust cylinder between vehicle sections to provide steering |
| WO2001066369A1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-13 | Timberjack Oy | An arrangement for the suspension of wheels in a working machine |
| WO2002036412A1 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2002-05-10 | Timberjack Oy | Chassis structure for a forest machine |
| RU2499379C2 (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2013-11-27 | Хасан Хабибъянович Ахмеров | Agricultural towline-transporting and energetic means |
| GB2557879A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2018-07-04 | Caterpillar Inc | Hitch assembly for machine |
| EP3842377A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-06-30 | The Raymond Corporation | Material handling vehicle with an articulating axle |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1755563A1 (en) * | 1968-05-22 | 1971-05-13 | Kernforschung Gmbh Ges Fuer | Remote-controlled vehicle for locating dangerous objects or areas, especially unmanned measuring vehicles |
| GB1427194A (en) * | 1973-02-22 | 1976-03-10 | Braud Faucheux Sa Ets | Articulated vehicles |
| DE2701811A1 (en) * | 1977-01-18 | 1978-07-20 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Rolling joint assembly for multiple articulated vehicles - has hollow shaft for passage of actuating and supply elements |
| GB2030528A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-04-10 | Naamanka O | Cross-country vehicles |
| US4230341A (en) * | 1978-09-25 | 1980-10-28 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Vehicle suspension system |
| GB2068861A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-08-19 | Lewthwaite J D | Low ground pressure vehicle |
| FR2554394A1 (en) * | 1983-11-08 | 1985-05-10 | Rouliere Paul | Device for articulated hitching between a tractor and trailer. |
| WO1989000928A1 (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-02-09 | Karlin, Gunvor (Legal Representative For The Estat | Cross-country vehicle |
-
1989
- 1989-09-12 FR FR8912160A patent/FR2651741A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1755563A1 (en) * | 1968-05-22 | 1971-05-13 | Kernforschung Gmbh Ges Fuer | Remote-controlled vehicle for locating dangerous objects or areas, especially unmanned measuring vehicles |
| GB1427194A (en) * | 1973-02-22 | 1976-03-10 | Braud Faucheux Sa Ets | Articulated vehicles |
| DE2701811A1 (en) * | 1977-01-18 | 1978-07-20 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Rolling joint assembly for multiple articulated vehicles - has hollow shaft for passage of actuating and supply elements |
| GB2030528A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-04-10 | Naamanka O | Cross-country vehicles |
| US4230341A (en) * | 1978-09-25 | 1980-10-28 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Vehicle suspension system |
| GB2068861A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1981-08-19 | Lewthwaite J D | Low ground pressure vehicle |
| FR2554394A1 (en) * | 1983-11-08 | 1985-05-10 | Rouliere Paul | Device for articulated hitching between a tractor and trailer. |
| WO1989000928A1 (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-02-09 | Karlin, Gunvor (Legal Representative For The Estat | Cross-country vehicle |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3937124A1 (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-05-16 | Alfons Holmer | Multipurpose two-section articulated vehicle - runs on profiled belts, with thrust cylinder between vehicle sections to provide steering |
| WO2001066369A1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-13 | Timberjack Oy | An arrangement for the suspension of wheels in a working machine |
| EP1454775A3 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2004-12-22 | Timberjack OY | An arrangement for the suspension of wheels in a working machine |
| US6962359B2 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2005-11-08 | Timberjack Oy | Arrangement for the suspension of wheels in a working machine |
| WO2002036412A1 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2002-05-10 | Timberjack Oy | Chassis structure for a forest machine |
| US7040428B2 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2006-05-09 | Timberjack Oy | Chassis structure for a forest machine |
| RU2499379C2 (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2013-11-27 | Хасан Хабибъянович Ахмеров | Agricultural towline-transporting and energetic means |
| GB2557879A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2018-07-04 | Caterpillar Inc | Hitch assembly for machine |
| EP3842377A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-06-30 | The Raymond Corporation | Material handling vehicle with an articulating axle |
| CN113086030A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-09 | 雷蒙德股份有限公司 | System and method for a materials handling vehicle having an articulated axle |
| US11383570B2 (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2022-07-12 | The Raymond Corporation | Systems and methods for a material handling vehicle with an articulating axle |
| CN113086030B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2024-05-24 | 雷蒙德股份有限公司 | System and method for a materials handling vehicle having an articulated axle |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Notification of lapse |