FR2642746A1 - Process and device for the removal of organophosphorus products by electrochemical mineralisation of a nitric solution, capable of being employed in a process for extracting an actinide - Google Patents
Process and device for the removal of organophosphorus products by electrochemical mineralisation of a nitric solution, capable of being employed in a process for extracting an actinide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2642746A1 FR2642746A1 FR8900489A FR8900489A FR2642746A1 FR 2642746 A1 FR2642746 A1 FR 2642746A1 FR 8900489 A FR8900489 A FR 8900489A FR 8900489 A FR8900489 A FR 8900489A FR 2642746 A1 FR2642746 A1 FR 2642746A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- products
- organophosphorus
- tank
- cathode plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GBHRVZIGDIUCJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogenphosphite Chemical class OP([O-])[O-] GBHRVZIGDIUCJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NILJXUMQIIUAFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxylamine;nitric acid Chemical group ON.O[N+]([O-])=O NILJXUMQIIUAFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical class [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940093635 tributyl phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 8
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 alkoxyalkyl radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BNMJSBUIDQYHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(O)=O BNMJSBUIDQYHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017849 NH2—NH2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052781 Neptunium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYXPMWYHEBGTRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Omeprazole sodium Chemical compound [Na+].N=1C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2[N-]C=1S(=O)CC1=NC=C(C)C(OC)=C1C RYXPMWYHEBGTRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001212 Plutonium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFNLGNPSGWYGGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N neptunium atom Chemical compound [Np] LFNLGNPSGWYGGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPKENGPMDNVKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;plutonium Chemical compound [Pu].O[N+]([O-])=O ZQPKENGPMDNVKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNVACBPOIKOMQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(4+) Chemical compound [U+4] HNVACBPOIKOMQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46152—Electrodes characterised by the shape or form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/006—Radioactive compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/303—Complexing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4611—Fluid flow
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8900489A FR2642746A1 (en) | 1989-01-17 | 1989-01-17 | Process and device for the removal of organophosphorus products by electrochemical mineralisation of a nitric solution, capable of being employed in a process for extracting an actinide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8900489A FR2642746A1 (en) | 1989-01-17 | 1989-01-17 | Process and device for the removal of organophosphorus products by electrochemical mineralisation of a nitric solution, capable of being employed in a process for extracting an actinide |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2642746A1 true FR2642746A1 (en) | 1990-08-10 |
FR2642746B1 FR2642746B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1991-10-18 |
Family
ID=9377785
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8900489A Granted FR2642746A1 (en) | 1989-01-17 | 1989-01-17 | Process and device for the removal of organophosphorus products by electrochemical mineralisation of a nitric solution, capable of being employed in a process for extracting an actinide |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2642746A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2690270A1 (fr) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-22 | Framatome Sa | Enceinte de séparation et de confinement de produits radioactifs contenus dans des effluents liquides et installation et procédé pour le traitement de ces effluents. |
WO2013082205A1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-06 | Neohydro Corp. | Direct contact cell |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE141724C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | ||||
DE186455C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | ||||
US4273642A (en) * | 1978-10-17 | 1981-06-16 | Outokumpu Oy | Electrolytic cell |
EP0162356A1 (de) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-11-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Dekontaminationsflüssigkeiten mit organischen Säuren und Einrichtung dazu |
EP0266272A1 (fr) * | 1986-10-30 | 1988-05-04 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Procédé de récupération de composés organophosphorés acides et/ou d'ions organophosphate présents dans une solution aqueuse et son utilisation pour le traitement d'effluents aqueux |
EP0297738A1 (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-04 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | A method for the treatment of waste matter |
-
1989
- 1989-01-17 FR FR8900489A patent/FR2642746A1/fr active Granted
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE141724C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | ||||
DE186455C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | ||||
US4273642A (en) * | 1978-10-17 | 1981-06-16 | Outokumpu Oy | Electrolytic cell |
EP0162356A1 (de) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-11-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Dekontaminationsflüssigkeiten mit organischen Säuren und Einrichtung dazu |
EP0266272A1 (fr) * | 1986-10-30 | 1988-05-04 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Procédé de récupération de composés organophosphorés acides et/ou d'ions organophosphate présents dans une solution aqueuse et son utilisation pour le traitement d'effluents aqueux |
EP0297738A1 (en) * | 1987-06-29 | 1989-01-04 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | A method for the treatment of waste matter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
KIRK-OTHMER: "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology", édition 3, vol. 16, 1981, pages 173-183, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, US; "Nuclear reactors (chemical reprocessing) * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2690270A1 (fr) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-22 | Framatome Sa | Enceinte de séparation et de confinement de produits radioactifs contenus dans des effluents liquides et installation et procédé pour le traitement de ces effluents. |
EP0568408A1 (fr) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-11-03 | Framatome | Enceinte de séparation et de confinement de produits radioactifs contenus dans des effluents liquides et installation et procédé pour le traitement de ces effluents |
WO2013082205A1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-06 | Neohydro Corp. | Direct contact cell |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2642746B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1991-10-18 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ER | Errata listed in the french official journal (bopi) |
Free format text: 32/90 |
|
ST | Notification of lapse |