FR2634412A1 - Device for producing prefabricated concrete elements by moulding and compacting and dehydrating treatment - Google Patents

Device for producing prefabricated concrete elements by moulding and compacting and dehydrating treatment Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2634412A1
FR2634412A1 FR8908081A FR8908081A FR2634412A1 FR 2634412 A1 FR2634412 A1 FR 2634412A1 FR 8908081 A FR8908081 A FR 8908081A FR 8908081 A FR8908081 A FR 8908081A FR 2634412 A1 FR2634412 A1 FR 2634412A1
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Prior art keywords
concrete
compacting
prefabricated elements
container
dehydration
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FR8908081A
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French (fr)
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from FR8808697A external-priority patent/FR2633277B1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to FR8908081A priority Critical patent/FR2634412A1/en
Publication of FR2634412A1 publication Critical patent/FR2634412A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06BFIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/245Curing concrete articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/12Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
    • B28B3/123Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material in moulds or on moulding surfaces moving continuously underneath or between the rollers, e.g. on an endless belt
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/083Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

Device for producing prefabricated components of various shapes by moulding and compacting a concrete composition, especially that comprising a fibrous reinforcement, a specific binder and a cure adjuvant. Device comprising: a silo 1 for concrete 16, a container 2 provided with partitions 4 for balancing the said concrete, a bladed rotary cleaner 5 which homogenises the said concrete, which is driven with the aid of a motor 7 by a belt 3 in the opening 8, which has a closure plate 6, in the direction of the mould 10 in which it is compacted by a compacting jack 11 provided with a compacting roller 13 and two smoothing pressure rollers 15. The setting and then the drying of the prefabricated elements are then ensured by a dehydrating tunnel 11 by forced ventilation and then by microwave and/or high frequency.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif qui permet de réaliser des éléments préfabriqués de formes variées par moulage et compactage d'une composition de béton notamment celle comportant une armature fibreuse ,un liant spécifique et un adjuvant de cure
Pour la réalisation de constructions on utilise généralement des éléments prézabriqués soit à partir d'un béton de granulat silico-calcaire qui sont trés lourds et nécessitent l'adjonction d'une couche isolante soit à partir d'un béton de granulat de bois stabilisé par sil. ication qui ont une résistance mécanique limitée surtout en traction par flexion.
The present invention relates to a device which makes it possible to produce prefabricated elements of various shapes by molding and compacting a concrete composition, in particular that comprising a fibrous reinforcement, a specific binder and a curing aid.
For the realization of constructions, prefabricated elements are generally used either from a silica-limestone aggregate concrete which are very heavy and require the addition of an insulating layer or from a wood aggregate concrete stabilized by sil. ication which have a limited mechanical resistance especially in traction by bending.

L'invention a pour objet de remédier à ces inconvénients. The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks.

Elle concerne un dispositif qui permet de réaliser des éléments préfabriqués utilisables dans la plupart des constructions et qui présentent les proprités suivantes
- grange légèreté
- forte isolation thermiaue .
It relates to a device which makes it possible to produce prefabricated elements which can be used in most constructions and which have the following properties.
- lightness barn
- strong thermal insulation.

- grande déformabilité d'ou bonne résistance aux secousses
sismiques
De tels résultats sont obtenus ,conformément à l'invention, par les moyens utilisés pour la réalisation desdits éléments.
- high deformability or good resistance to shaking
seismic
Such results are obtained, in accordance with the invention, by the means used for the production of said elements.

Le dispositif mécanique objet de l'invention a pour but de permettre la réalisation d'éléments préfabriqués aux propriétés susnommées,à cet effet il comporte un silo à béton ,un conteneur de transit du béton ,un train de laminage et compactage ,un vérin de compactage et lissage ,un tunnel de dt;- shydratation des éléments préfabriqués
Le dispositif mécanique et son tonctionnement seront mieux compris grâce à la description qui suit et qui est illustrée par des schémas annexés ,donnés ici à titre indicatif non limitatif ,dans lesquels ::
La figure I est une vue schématique du dispositif permettant la réalisation d'éléments préfabriqués dtune épaisseur inférieure à 35 mm
La figure 2 est une vue schématique d'une variante du dispositif permettant la réalisation d'éléments préfabriqués d'une épaisseur supérieure à 35 mm
La figure 3 est une vue schématique du tunnel de déshydra station
Sur la figure I on a désigné ,en I un silo à béton I6 ,en 2 un conteneur de transit du béton ,en 4 des cloisons/diaphragmes d'équilibrage dudit béton ,en 5 un'débourreur'rota- tif à pales 20 souples ou non ,implantées alternées sur deux rangées au moins , qui homogénéise ledit béton, en 7 un moteur d'entraînement ,en 3 un tapis de transfert dudit béton ,en 8 ouverture du conteneur 2 réglable à l'aide de la plaque de fermeture 6 ,en IO moule pour le formage des éléments à prfabriquer ,en 9 racleur du tapis 3 ,en II vérin doté d'un moteur 12 d'entrainement en rotation alternée du rouleau compacteur 13 et de ses deux rouleaux 15 d'appui lisseurs pour le compactage et le lissage d'éléments préfabriqués d'une épa.is- seur inférieure à 35 mm ,en 17 tunnel de déshydratation des éléments préabriqués
Sur la figure 2 on a représenté un dispositif , selon une variante de réalisation ,dont la partie assurant le compactage est constituée par un train de laminage 19, constitué tau moins deux rouleaux compacteurs ,entrainé en rotation par un moteur 18 permettant le laminage et le compactage des éléments préfabriqués d'une épaisseur supérieure à 35 mm, en 14 barrette de séparation des moules 10.
The mechanical device object of the invention aims to allow the production of prefabricated elements with the above-mentioned properties, for this purpose it comprises a concrete silo, a concrete transit container, a rolling and compacting train, a jack compaction and smoothing, a dt tunnel; - hydration of the prefabricated elements
The mechanical device and its operation will be better understood thanks to the description which follows and which is illustrated by attached diagrams, given here for non-limiting indication, in which:
Figure I is a schematic view of the device allowing the production of prefabricated elements of a thickness less than 35 mm
Figure 2 is a schematic view of a variant of the device allowing the production of prefabricated elements with a thickness greater than 35 mm
Figure 3 is a schematic view of the dehydra station tunnel
In Figure I we have designated, at I a concrete silo I6, at 2 a concrete transit container, at 4 partitions / diaphragms for balancing said concrete, at 5 a rotary swather with flexible blades 20 or not, alternately located in at least two rows, which homogenizes said concrete, at 7 a drive motor, at 3 a transfer mat for said concrete, at 8 opening of the container 2 adjustable with the closing plate 6 , in IO mold for the forming of the elements to be prefabricated, in 9 scraper of the mat 3, in II cylinder equipped with a motor 12 for alternately rotating the compactor roller 13 and its two straightening support rollers 15 for the compacting and smoothing of prefabricated elements with a thickness of less than 35 mm, in 17 dehydration tunnel for pre-manufactured elements
FIG. 2 shows a device, according to an alternative embodiment, the part ensuring the compaction consists of a rolling train 19, consisting of at least two compacting rollers, driven in rotation by a motor 18 allowing the rolling and the compaction of prefabricated elements with a thickness greater than 35 mm, into 14 mold separation bars 10.

Sur la figure 3 on a représenté un tunnel de déshydratation I7 avec , en 21 zone de ventilation force à air chaud ,en 22 zone de démoulage des éléments Dréfabriqués ,en 23 zone de déshydratation accélérée ,en 24 système de défilement
le dispositif fonctionne de la manière suivante
Dans le silo I est stocké le béton I6 qui descend à la demande dans le conteneur 2 d'où il est entrainé à l'aide du moteur 7 par le tapis 7 et canalisé par les cloisons/diaphragmes 4 dans ltouverture 8 ; le débourreur 5 à pales 20 dont le sens de rotation est l'inverse de celui du tapis 3 assurant lthomogénéité et la fluiaité dudit béton ainsi que son passage régulier dans l'ouyerture 8 du conteneur 2 vers le moule TO dont l'avance est synchronisée avec le débit dudit béton
Lorsque le moule IO est garni de béton I6 le compactage par roulage est alors effectué de la manière suivante -Pour les éléments préfabriquzs d'une épaisseur inférieure à 35 mm à l'aide du vérin II dont le moteur I2 entraine en rotation alternée le rouleau compacteur 13 les deux rouleaux d'appui 15 assurant le lissage desdits éléments -Pour les éléments préfabriqués d'une épaisseur supérieure à 35 mm à l'aide d'un train de laminage 19 constitué de rou leaux compacteurs entrainés en rotation par le moteur I8
L'ensemble étant mu par un mouvement de translation
Puis afin d'accélérer la prise du béton I6 et son durcissement un traitement est appliqué sur l'ensemble de la surface des éléments préfabriqués à l'aide du tunnel de déshydratation I7 (l'abscence d'armatures métalliques façonnées permettant ce type de traitement) .
In FIG. 3, a dewatering tunnel I7 is represented with, in 21 hot air force ventilation zone, in 22 zone for demoulding of the prefabricated elements, in 23 accelerated dehydration zone, in 24 scrolling system.
the device works as follows
In the silo I is stored the concrete I6 which descends on demand into the container 2 from where it is driven using the motor 7 by the belt 7 and channeled by the partitions / diaphragms 4 in the opening 8; the stripper 5 with blades 20 whose direction of rotation is the opposite of that of the mat 3 ensuring the homogeneity and the fluidity of said concrete as well as its regular passage in the opening 8 of the container 2 towards the mold TO whose advance is synchronized with the flow of said concrete
When the mold IO is lined with concrete I6 the compaction by rolling is then carried out as follows -For the prefabricated elements with a thickness less than 35 mm using the jack II whose motor I2 drives the roller in alternating rotation compactor 13 the two support rollers 15 ensuring the smoothing of said elements - For prefabricated elements with a thickness greater than 35 mm using a rolling train 19 consisting of rollers compactors driven in rotation by the motor I8
The whole being moved by a translational movement
Then in order to accelerate the setting of the concrete I6 and its hardening, a treatment is applied to the entire surface of the prefabricated elements using the dehydration tunnel I7 (the absence of shaped metal reinforcements allowing this type of treatment ).

Les éléments préfabriqués encore dans leur moule sont soumis, dans la zone de ventilation 2I dudit tunnel ,à une ventilation forcée entre 35 et 60 qui assure une prise permettant leur démoulage sous environ I heure au lieu de 8 heures habituellement pour les éléments de moins de 35 = d'épaisseur et sous environ 4 heures au lieu de I2 heures habituellement tour les éléments de plus de 3 mtn d'épaisseur
lorsque la prise du béton est effective les éléments sont démoulés dans la zone de démoulage 22 puis soumis dans la zone de déshydratation accélérée 23 à une déshydratation 'à coeur'par micro-onde et/ou haute-fréquence sous environ 15 à 60 minutes au lieu de IO jours h2bituellement pour les éléments de moins de 75 mm d'épaisseur et sous environ 30 à I20 minutes au lieu de 21 jours habituellement pour les éléments de plus de 35 mm d'épaisseur .Cette déshydratation est réa liséedefaçon optimale grâce au système dé défilement 24 situé dans la zone de déshydratation 23 qui permet aux éléments préfabriqués à traiter d'être exposés sous le champ magnétique des sources micro-onde et/ou haute-fréquence entre environ 0,5 et 3,0 mètres seconde,et particulièrement entre environ I,0 et 2,0 métres seconde
Ce traitement apporte des car-tdristiques optimales aux éléments préfabriqués pour une bonne aptitude à 11 emploi no tamment une résistance mécanique nominale et leur humidité d'équilibre de produit fini (environ I5/20 ffi K R) .Actuellement tous les produits préfabriqués à base de ciment sont commercialisés avec des teneurs en eaux importantes (environ 40/60 %). La déshydratation se poursuivant lorsqu'ils sont mis en oeuvre elle provoque des fissurations de retrait dans les parois et du faiençs.ge dans les revêtements ce qui engendre un coût élévé aux sinistres d'étanchéité des parois et des façades
De plus ce traitement permet l'utilisation des éléments dans les IO jours aprés leur moulage au lieu de 28 habituellement ce qui permet de réduire de façon appréciable le volume et l'investissement du stock
Le dispositif permett2nt l'incorporstion de fibres souples dans le béton on évite l'emploi d'armatures métalliques (acier à béton) façonnées ce qui permet un gain de temps en fabics- tion et l'exécution de formes variées ,complexes et esthétiquement nouvelles
Grâce aux caractéristiques particulières ,obtenues à l'aide du dispositif ,des éléments ainsi préfabriqués leur utilisa- tion est trés étendue : villa , hangar ,immeuble ,salle de sport, paroi-anti-bruits ......; application en panneaux de bardage industriel ,en panneaux isolants porteurs ; constructions dans des zones sensibles aux secousses sismiques (en raison de leur grande possibilité de déformation sans rupture fragile).
The prefabricated elements still in their mold are subjected, in the ventilation zone 2I of said tunnel, to forced ventilation between 35 and 60 which ensures a setting allowing their release from the mold in approximately 1 hour instead of 8 hours usually for elements of less than 35 = thick and in about 4 hours instead of 12 hours usually round the elements more than 3 mtn thick
when the setting of the concrete is effective the elements are demolded in the demolding zone 22 and then subjected in the accelerated dehydration zone 23 to dehydration 'at heart' by microwave and / or high-frequency in about 15 to 60 minutes at instead of 10 days h2 usually for elements less than 75 mm thick and in about 30 to 120 minutes instead of 21 days usually for elements more than 35 mm thick. This dehydration is carried out in an optimal way thanks to the system scroll 24 located in the dehydration zone 23 which allows the prefabricated elements to be treated to be exposed under the magnetic field of microwave and / or high-frequency sources between about 0.5 and 3.0 meters per second, and particularly between approximately I, 0 and 2.0 meters second
This treatment provides optimal characteristics to the prefabricated elements for good suitability for use, in particular nominal mechanical resistance and their equilibrium humidity of the finished product (approximately I5 / 20 ffi KR). Currently all prefabricated products based on cement are sold with high water contents (around 40/60%). The dehydration continuing when they are applied, it causes shrinkage cracks in the walls and faiençs.ge in the coatings, which generates a high cost for the sealing losses of the walls and facades.
In addition this treatment allows the use of the elements in the IO days after their molding instead of 28 usually which allows to appreciably reduce the volume and the investment of the stock
The device allows the incorporation of flexible fibers into the concrete, avoiding the use of shaped metal reinforcements (steel to concrete) which saves time in the fabrication and execution of varied, complex and aesthetically new shapes.
Thanks to the particular characteristics obtained using the device, elements thus prefabricated their use is very extensive: villa, hangar, building, sports hall, noise barrier ......; application in industrial cladding panels, load-bearing insulating panels; constructions in zones sensitive to earthquakes (due to their great possibility of deformation without fragile rupture).

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIO.TS  REVENDICATIO.TS un tunnel de déshydratation (I7) comportant es moyens de séchage accéléré a dehydration tunnel (I7) comprising accelerated drying means 2) Dispositif selon la revendication I ,caractérisé par le fait que le conteneur (2) comporte des cloisons/diaphragmes (4) assurant l'avance équilibrée du béton (I6) vers l'ouverture (8) du conteneur (2)2) Device according to claim I, characterized in that the container (2) comprises partitions / diaphragms (4) ensuring the balanced advance of the concrete (I6) towards the opening (8) of the container (2) 3) Dispositif selon l'une des revendications I ou 2 ,caractérisé par le fait que le conteneur (2) est équipé d'un débourreur (5),doté d'au moins deux rangées de pales (20) souples ou non dont l'implantation est alternée,dont le sens de rotation est l'inverse de celui du tapis (3) qui maintien l'homogénéité et la fluidité du béton ce qui favorise son passage régulier dans l'ouverture (8) du conteneur (2)3) Device according to one of claims I or 2, characterized in that the container (2) is equipped with a stripper (5), provided with at least two rows of blades (20) flexible or not including l siting is alternated, the direction of rotation of which is the opposite of that of the belt (3) which maintains the homogeneity and fluidity of the concrete which promotes its regular passage through the opening (8) of the container (2) 4) Dispositif selon la revendication I ,caractérisé par le fait que le vérin (II) comporte un rouleau compacteur (T3) et deux rouleaux d'appui lisseurs (I5) qui assurent le compactage/lissage des éléments préfabriqués4) Device according to claim I, characterized in that the jack (II) comprises a compacting roller (T3) and two straightening support rollers (I5) which ensure the compaction / smoothing of the prefabricated elements 5) Dispositif selon la revendication 4 ,carsctérisé par le fait que le vérin (II) comporte un moteur (I2) entrainant le rouleu compacteur (13) et ses deux rouleaux lisseurs (15) dans un mouvement en rotation qui permet à ces derniers d'effectuer plusieurs compactages/lissages alternés sur les éld- ments préfabriqués5) Device according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the jack (II) comprises a motor (I2) driving the compactor roller (13) and its two smoothing rollers (15) in a rotary movement which allows the latter to '' perform several alternating compaction / smoothing on the prefabricated elements 6) Dispositif selon la revendication I ,caractérisé par le fait que le train de laminage (I9) comporte au moins deux rouleaux compacteurs qui assurent lé laminage progressif et le compactage des éléments préfabriqués6) Device according to claim I, characterized in that the rolling train (I9) comprises at least two compacting rollers which ensure the progressive rolling and the compaction of the prefabricated elements 7) Dispositif selon l'une des revendications prdczdentes caractérisé par le fait que le tunnel de déshydratation (I7) comporte une zone (21) de ventilation forcée avec de l'air chaud se situant entre environ 35 et 60 qui active la prise du béton . 7) Device according to one of the prdczdentes claims characterized in that the dehydration tunnel (I7) comprises a zone (21) of forced ventilation with hot air lying between about 35 and 60 which activates the setting of the concrete . un train de laminage(I9)comportant des moyens de compactage, a rolling train (I9) comprising compacting means, un vérin (II)comportant des moyens de compactage et lissage, a jack (II) comprising compacting and smoothing means, un conteneur (2) de transit du béton (I6) comportant des moyens appropriés pour le remplissage des moules (IO) a concrete transit container (2) (I6) comprising means suitable for filling the molds (IO) I) Dispositif pour la réelisation d'éléments préfabriqués à l'aide d'une composition de béton ,caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprendI) Device for making prefabricated elements using a concrete composition, characterized in that it comprises 8) Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes c.aractérisd par le fait que le tunnel de déshydratation (I7) comporte une zone (22) de démoulage des éléments préfabriqués.8) Device according to one of the preceding claims c.aractérisd in that the dehydration tunnel (I7) comprises a zone (22) for demolding the prefabricated elements. 9) Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes., cractérisé par le fait que le tunnel de déshydratation (I7) comporte une zone (23) de déshydratation 'à coeur' accélérée pourvue de micro-onde et/ou de haute-fréquence qui donnent une résistance mécanique nominale et lthumidité d'équilibre aux éléments préfabriqués produits IO) Dispositif selon l'une des revendications I et- 9 ,caractérisé par le fait que le tunnel de déshydratation (I7) comporte,dans sa zone (23) de déshydratotion accélérée ,un système de défilement (24) permettant aux éléments préfabriqués à traiter d'être exposés sous le champ magnétique des sources micro-onde et/ou haute-fréquence entre environ 0,5 et 3,0 métres seconde ,et particulièrement entre environ I,O et 2,0 métres seconde 9) Device according to one of the preceding claims., Characterized by the fact that the dehydration tunnel (I7) comprises an accelerated 'core' dehydration zone (23) provided with microwave and / or high-frequency which give a nominal mechanical resistance and equilibrium humidity to the prefabricated elements produced IO) Device according to one of Claims I and 9, characterized in that the dehydration tunnel (I7) comprises, in its zone (23) dehydratotion accelerated, a scrolling system (24) allowing the prefabricated elements to be treated to be exposed under the magnetic field of microwave and / or high-frequency sources between approximately 0.5 and 3.0 meters per second, and particularly between approximately I, O and 2.0 meters second
FR8908081A 1988-06-23 1989-06-14 Device for producing prefabricated concrete elements by moulding and compacting and dehydrating treatment Pending FR2634412A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8908081A FR2634412A1 (en) 1988-06-23 1989-06-14 Device for producing prefabricated concrete elements by moulding and compacting and dehydrating treatment

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8808697A FR2633277B1 (en) 1988-06-23 1988-06-23 COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CONCRETE FOR MAKING PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS
FR8908081A FR2634412A1 (en) 1988-06-23 1989-06-14 Device for producing prefabricated concrete elements by moulding and compacting and dehydrating treatment

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992008084A1 (en) * 1990-11-05 1992-05-14 Miraku Oy Drying procedure and apparatus

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