FR2579264A1 - MACHINE FOR CREATING GALLERIES OR EXTRACTION - Google Patents

Abstract

THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO A GALLERY DIGGING OR EXTRACTION MACHINE. THIS MACHINE HAS A HAVING ARM 11 WHICH CAN PIVOT IN THE DIRECTION OF THE HEIGHT AROUND AN AXIS 10. THE FRONT END OF THE HAVING ARM 11 IS PROVIDED WITH GUIDES 26 EXTENDING TRANSVERSEALLY TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS 38 OF THE ARM OF HAVAGE AND ON WHICH A SUPPORT 27 INTENDED FOR HAVING HEADS 28, 29 IS MOUNTED IN A SLIDING WAY. THE HAVING HEADS 28, 29 ARE MOUNTED ON THE SUPPORT 27 SO AS TO BE ABLE TO ROTATE AROUND VERTICAL AXLES 46. THE SPACING TO THE ROTATION AXES 46, TRANSVERSALLY TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXLE 38 OF THE HAVING ARM, IS AT THE MAXIMUM EQUAL TO HALF B OF SIZE FRONT WIDTH.

Description

MACHINE FOR CREATING GALLERIES OR EXTRACTION.

  The invention relates to a tunneling or extraction machine, in particular with a crawler-bearing device, provided with a cutter arm on which head and / or rolls of vertical cutting are arranged.

  so as to be able to turn around a transverse axis

sal to the advancement direction.

  In conventional shearers of the species mentioned above, an arrow or a hoist arm is mounted on a tracked bearing device so as to be pivotable about a substantially vertical axis and a substantially horizontal axis. . To obtain galleries with a large sectional area, it is necessary that the arrow is sufficiently long and when this arrow pivots in the lateral direction or in the direction of the height, one obtains a front of

  essentially curved size. In the case of a fragile roof,

  the, it is necessary to carry out the temporary support

  from the gallery to the vicinity of the front to prevent a collapse of the roof. Such temporary support is

  relatively costly and time-consuming and taking into account the

  vage or arrow can also pivot laterally, we can not bring the support as close as we want the face of size. In addition, such temporary support requires devices all the more expensive for the

  transport of support stands and means of

  For the support beyond the shearer in front of the front and the conditions of the place, in the zone near the front, are restricted accordingly. In addition, in known devices, a support near

  of the gallery is only possible when the work of

  is stopped, since a safe guard can not be placed between the cutting tools and near the front, as it would collide with the

hacking arm.

  Patent DE 29 30 136 discloses a tunnel digging machine for underground mining in which, on a fixed device which is supported against the roof and the hearth, is provided a track intended for a mounted support of

  sliding way, which carries hava-

  ge. Such a structure is relatively difficult to maneuver

  and still leads, in the longitudinal axis of the gallery, a relatively large size. The cutting devices are designed as a helical drill bit and rotatably mounted about axes substantially in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. At the same time as the pivoting arrows

  in this structure, a relative axial length is obtained

large.

  The object of the invention is therefore to create a device

  of the species indicated at the beginning which, seen in the direction of

  is only a very short length and

  creates the possibility of safe protection and therefore

  from the gallery to the vicinity of the front, without

  breakage of havage work. To resolve this problem,

  the invention lies essentially in the fact that the heads

  and / or rollers are arranged at the end

  front of the hacking arm so that it can rotate

  turn of axes situated in a vertical plane and capable of

  Smooth transversely to the axis of rotation. Given

  that the heads and / or rollers are mounted manually.

  to be able to turn around axes in a plane

  vertical, partial regions can be

  large size of the face of the waist, the clutter in the di-

  longitudinal rection of the gallery being practically

  the diameter of the heads and / or rollers. For

  sweep the whole section area, just slide

  these heads and / or rollers transversely to

  their axis of rotation, along the face of the waist and only

  In the case of fairly high sections of gallery, a

  vote of the hacksaw in the direction of the height

may be necessary.

  To support the cutting forces, the end

  front of the hacking arm preferably has guiding

  directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the arm, preferably perpendicularly to that axis, in or on which a support, intended for the heads and / or haul rollers, is slidably guided and can

  be trained for sliding. Such a constitution

  This allows to be satisfied, for the training of cou-

  simple devices, such as training and

  by fluid cylinder. Guides of this kind have in any case, in the longitudinal direction of the gallery,

  shorter length than pivoting arms, since the

  Sliding drag movement for the movement of the cutting heads can be arranged along the guides, while for pivoting arms, an additional drive of

rotation is necessary.

  In a particularly simple way, the guide is formed of two guide profiles offset in the direction of the height, preferably superimposed in

  at least one service position of the claw arm, for example

  grooves, tubes, claws, etc., in which a corresponding complementary profile of the support is slidably slidable in the direction of the length of the guide. Thus, with guiding profiles relatively

  simple, one can get a safe operating structure.

  In order to be able to excavate relatively high gallery sections, the hacking arm is preferably articulated to the mobile digging machine so that it can pivot exclusively in the direction of the height. Such a

  restriction of the possibility of movement of the arm of

  pivoting in the direction of the height facilitates

  lite the lateral tightness of the immediate gallery section

  diatement behind the guides and a tightness or

  protection of this kind allows for safe

  the gallery, directly to the protection device.

  To further reduce congestion in the direc-

  length of the gallery, heads and / or rollers

  of cutting are advantageously hollow and contain

  a rotation drive, particularly a

  electric motor with transmission.

  In general, the spacing of neighboring anchor holes,

  in the longitudinal direction of the gallery, is

  completed under geological conditions. In the case of a fragile roof, this spacing can be for example ré-,

  about 40 cm, while in the case of a flat roof

  it is easy to be satisfied with spacings of approxi-

  1 m. To allow the progression of the inde-

  the speed of the support, the pivot axis

  of the hacking arm on the machine is advantageously arranged so as to be able to slide in the longitudinal direction of the hacking arm and / or in the direction of

  the height. When the pivot axis slides in the di-

  longitudinal rection of the hacking arm, it is possible to

  vance the digging without moving the shearing machine itself

  and the drilling and anchoring devices can remain in an unchanged position relative to the shearer or the frame thereof. An elevation of the axis of

  vertical pivoting of the hoist arm can be used to

  the hacking geometry and one can thus formally

  sea a plane front or near plan. For galleries of relatively small height, it suffices here that the guide arms of the cutting arm, in the lowered position thereof, are located in a vertical plane

  directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the

  Therefore, when swinging the hacking arm upwards, only a rounding of the face is produced in the upper region which joins the roof. This district has the advantage that the roof is less likely to collapse than when it joins the front by a ridge.

  -To further protect the support of scabies

  executed behind the face at a point as close as possible to it, the havoc arm

  preferably passes through a slot

  tically, formed in a protective device

  naked by the shearer and able to slide relative to

  the latter in the longitudinal direction of the hacage arm, and the protective device is connected, at its side facing the shearer, to drilling devices and anchoring. The fact that the protective device can

  slide relative to the frame in the longitudinal direction

  In this way, the dermal arm of the shearing arm makes it possible to render the support work independent of the hacking work and

  for example, in the time during which the front of tail-

  it is scanned once completely by the tools of

  to form two or more rows of anchor holes.

  ge preferably arranged in a transverse common plane

  to the gallery and to install anchors.

  In practice, it has been found that an angular constitution of the transition from the sole to the face is desirable, while the transition from the face of the face is desirable.

  roof is preferably rounded, for reasons of

  sounds indicated above. For this purpose, advantageously, the two heads or stacking rollers superimposed, that of the bottom is substantially cylindrical or frustoconical and that of the top

  is practically in the form of a mushroom or spherical cap

America.

  To ensure the evacuation of the material to the vicinity of the front, below the lowest service position of the guide of the hacking arm is preferably arranged an evacuation device placed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the arm of havage, especially a

  conveyor screw rotatable about a transverse axis

  sal to the longitudinal axis of the hacking arm and adjunct to

  a loading ramp, the boom being preferably

  linked to the shearer so as to slide in the di-

  longitudinal rection of the hacking arm. The possibility of sliding of the loading ramp in the longitudinal direction of the hacking arm allows here, when the hacking arm is raised, to bring the evacuation device

  closer to the front. When the evacuation device is

  towed, the cylindrical or frustoconical shape of the head or

  of the hay roller at the bottom allows, when the axis of rotation

  tation is vertical, to make flat soles

  the front with a relatively angular transition.

  To improve shearing efficiency and to obtain

  higher speeds of advancement, it is possible,

  under the load-bearing structure that can slide

  in the direction of advancement, to

  Simultaneously, several heads and / or rollers of havage.

  For this purpose, the support of the heads and / or rollers of havage

  has at least two axes of rotation shifted in the di-

  slide and around which are mounted

  able to rotate, at least four heads and / or

havers.

  To avoid a rib in the

  when there are four heads and / or shear rolls, the lateral spacing of the axes of rotation of the heads and / or the shearing rolls is at most half

  the width of the face. If several heads of

  are arranged side by side, this spacing always

  days say in principle the spacing between the heads of ha-

  the outermost, or between their axes. However,

  the arrangement of more than four cutting heads does not

you do not have any decisive advantages.

  To allow laterally also a transition from the front to the side wall, in which the free width of the gallery is greater than the width of the guides

  of the front end of the hacking arm, the support

  the axes of rotation at the point of its limitation.

  or near it and the heads and / or rollers of

  havage, seen in plan, are guided so that they can be

  beyond the lateral contour of the guides.

  The invention is explained more precisely below

  about an example of execution represented by the

drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the device

  According to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a plane in the direction of arrow II of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 is an elevational view from the front.

  in the direction of arrow III of FIG.

  In FIG. 1, a machine has been designated by

  digging bile, including the rolling device

  caterpillar is designated by 2. On frame 3 of the

  tunnel digging machine is arranged a construction

  retaining structure which includes a strut 4 which can be

  bend, a cap 5 can be pushed against the roof and a swingarm 6. The extended position of the hat 5 is indicated in phantom. The swing arm 6 is

  articulated to an easel 7. There is also provision for

  machine scorer 8 who carries hydraulic and electrical devices of the machine.

  On the frame 3 is further supported a pivot cylinder

  9 which applies to a hacking arm 11, which is eccentric

  With this pivoting cylinder 9, it is possible to pivot the hacking arm 11 in the direction of the double boom 13 with respect to the hinge axis 10 of the latter. The pivoting here is simply limited to pivoting in a vertical plane relative to the hearth 14. At the frame 3 of the shearing machine is further articulated so as to be able to pivot a device

  15 which can slide in the longitudinal direction

  of the machine 1 under the action of a hydraulic cylinder

  16, the pivoting being allowed in the direction of the double arrow 17. As a drive, for this pivoting

  in the direction of the height is provided a hydraulic cylinder

  18. The chassis 3 of the shearer 1 furthermore presents.

  a supporting structure 19 which is supported in such a way as to

  see sliding in the longitudinal direction of the havoc

  1 and carries at its free end a device for

  ge and anchor installation 20 as well as a device for pro-

  21. The protective device 21 can be deployed to the roof 22 with elastic deformation of the sealing elements 23. Likewise, several drilling and anchoring devices 20 can be supported on the hearth 14 by the intermediate of a strut 24 and be deployed until

  roof 22. The supporting structure 19 can slide relative-

  frame 3 in the longitudinal direction of the machine.

  No. 1, which is indicated by the double arrow 25. The

  free of the hacking arm 11 carries a guide 26 in which a support 27 for hacking heads 28 and 29 is arranged so as to be able to slide transversely

  to the longitudinal axis of the gallery. Training of couples

  here is formed by a hydraulic cylinder 30 and in

  the lowered position of the hacking arm 11, which is

  two guide tubes 31 of the guide 26 are located one

  above each other in a practically vertical plane.

  These guide tubes 31 are surrounded by tufted profiles.

  complementary bungs 32 of the support 27. The face is designated 33.

  At the rear end of the machine is connected

  of a pivoting conveyor 34, the transport means being formed, for example, as can be seen in FIG. 2, of scrapers 36 driven by means of a chain 35.

  In the representation of Figure 2, he is

  the carrier structure 19 for the drilling and anchoring devices 20 and the

  protection 21 can slide in the longitudinal direction

  the shear, two fluid cylinders 37 ensuring the training

  sliding structure and being supported by frame 3

  the shearer 1. The training of these two cylinders 37 is

  in such a way that the protective device 21

  each time pushed forward, normally to the longitudinal axis

  tudinal 38 of the machine. The protective device 21 is subdivided into at least two parts 39 and 40 on either side of the cutting arm llet between these two halves is provided a slot 41 located in the direction of the height

  and which allows the movement of the hacking arm in the direction

  the height by actuating the pivoting cylinders

9.

  The pivot axis 10 of the hacking arm 11, of

  me that the pivot axis of the discharge device 15, is mounted in a sliding frame 42 which can slide in the longitudinal axis 38 of the shear 1 under the action

  of a hydraulic cylinder 43. The chassis 42 has grif-

  side walls 44 which surround guide rods 45 if

  killed in the longitudinal direction of the shearer 1. This

  1a is shown more clearly in FIG.

  In the guide 26, at the free end of the arm of

  11 is guided a support 27 designed in the form of

  bucket, on which cutting heads or rollers 28 and 29

  can rotate around virtually vertical axes 46.

  As can be seen in Figure 1, these cutting heads or rollers 28 and 29 are hollow internally and contain in their cavities drives 47 formed of electric motors and transmissions. The center distance has two axes 46 placed side by side here corresponds to half b of the width of the gallery to dig. Heads or rolls of

  havage, placed side by side in the plane, are advantageous

  trained to move in the opposite direction for

  ensure better stabilization and better trans-

  mission of the forces on the hacking arm Il.

  The lateral limitation of the protective device

  21 is again ensured by two elastic deformable seals 23

  or able to deploy. Similarly, the slot 41 of the protection device 21, extending in the direction of the height, is sealingly adapted to

  hacking arm. In the construction shown, the possibility

  the pivot arm is limited to a swivel

  virtually vertical. To the extent that a possibility exists

  horizontal rotation must be allowed, it is necessary to

  slit 41 at an appropriate width and coat it with

  joints that can slide horizontally or

to form elastically.

  In FIG. 3, it is also possible to see the evacuation device of the loading ramp 15, formed of a screw

  49. The conveyor screw 49 is mounted manually.

  It can rotate around an axis 50 substantially transverse to the direction of travel. To improve pickup laterally beyond the

  width of the loading ramp 15, there is provision for

  evenings 51 that in their discarded position, arrive up

the side wall of the gallery.

Claims (9)

R E V E N D I C A T I ON   1 - Machine for digging galleries or extrac-   tion (1), in particular with a roller bearing device   nilles (2), provided with a cutting arm (11) on which are disposed heads and / or rollers (28, 29) mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis transverse to the direction of advancement , machine characterized by the fact   that the cutting heads and / or rollers (28, 29) are   at the front end of the hacking arm (11) so as to   re able to rotate about axes (46) located in a vertical plane and slidable transversely to the axis of rotation (46). 2 - Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end of the hacage arm (11) has guides (26) directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the arm (11), preferably perpendicularly to this axis, in or on which a support (27) for   shaving heads and / or rollers (28, 29) is guided in such a way that   to be able to slide and can be trained in order to smoothening.   3 - Machine according to one of claims 1 and 2,   characterized in that the guide (26) is formed of two   guiding sections (31) offset in the direction of height   preferably superposed in at least one service position of the hoist arm, for example grooves, tubes,   claws, etc., in which a complementary profile cor-   respondant (32) of the support (27) is flush with   smooth in the direction of the length of the guide (31).   4 - Machine according to one of claims 1 to 3,   characterized in that the hacking arm (11) is   tilted to the mobile digging machine (1) so as to   to be able to rotate exclusively in the direction of tor.   - Machine according to one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized by the fact that the heads and / or rolls of   vage (28, 29) are hollow and contain internally a   rotation drive (47), in particular an electric motor tricycle with transmission. 1l   6 - Machine according to one of claims 1 to 5,   characterized by the fact that the pivot axis (10) of the   hacking arm (11) on the machine (1) is arranged   slidable in the longitudinal direction (38) of the hacking arm and / or in the height direction (13).   7 - Machine according to one of claims 1 to 6,   characterized by the fact that the guide profiles (31)   of the hacking arm (11) in the lowered position of the   ci, are located in a transverse vertical plane   to the longitudinal axis (38) of the hacking arm.   8 - Machine according to one of claims 1 to 7,   characterized by the fact that the hacking arm (11) passes through   a slot (41) which is practically vertically oriented,   mounted in a protective device (21) supported by the shear (1) and slidable relative thereto in the longitudinal direction of the shear arm (11) and that the protective device (21) is connected at its side. turned to the shearing machine (1), to piercing devices and laying anchors (20).   9 - Machine according to one of claims 1 to 8,   characterized by the fact that two heads (28) or   stacked havers, the bottom one is practically   cylindrical or frustoconical and that of the top (29) is practically   only in the form of mushroom or spherical cap.   10 - Machine according to one of claims 1 to 9,   characterized by the fact that below the lowest operating position of the guide (31) of the hacking arm (11)   an evacuation device is placed transversally   the longitudinal axis (38) of the hacking arm, in parti-   comprising a conveyor screw (49) rotatable about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the hacking arm and associated with a loading ramp (15), the ramp (15) being preferably connected to the shearing machine (1) to slide in the longitudinal direction (38) of the hacking arm (11).   Machine according to one of claims 1 to 10,   characterized by the fact that the support (32) of the heads and / or 2S79264   haul rollers (28, 29) have at least two axes of rotation (46) offset in the sliding direction and around which are rotatably mounted   at least four heads and / or rollers (28, 29).   12 - Machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the lateral spacing (a) of the axes of rotation (46) of the heads and / or havers (28, 29) corresponds   not more than half (b) of the width of the tail front the (33).   13 - Machine according to claims ll and 12,   r-actérisée by the fact that the support (32) has the axes of rotation (46) at the location of its lateral limitation or near it and that the heads and / or rollers   (28, 29), seen in plan, are guided in such a way as to be able to   smooth out the lateral contour of the guides (31).