JPH0315305A - Digging and collecting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a digging and raising member readily advance from an original starting position to the underground by protrusively supporting a lifting member through a supporting shaft on the rear part of the digging and raising member at the lower part of digging and collecting mechanism toward the rear upper part and letting the lifting member be rotatable from a set position upward. CONSTITUTION:In a frame 1 of main body, the front part is equipped with a connecting part 1a coupled with a tractor and the rear part is provided with a rotary central shaft 10. Digging and collecting mechanism 14 vertically rotatable around the rotary central shaft 10 is furnished with a digging and raising member 25 to dig and raise edible roots at the lower part and with rotatable cutters 31 to cut soil at both sides of the edible roots in the vertical direction at both the sides of the digging and raising member 25. In a cylinder device 46, the digging and collecting mechanism 14 is advanced around the rotary central shaft 10 from the ground to the underground. Further, a lifting member 36 for lifting edible roots which is protrusively supported through a supporting shaft 33 at the rear part of the digging and raising member 25 of the digging and collecting mechanism 14 toward the rear upper part and is upward rotatable around the supporting shaft 33 from the set position.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to an excavator, for example, an excavator for excavating long root vegetables such as Japanese yam.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, this type of digging machine for digging root vegetables has, for example, provided a trencher in the machine frame so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction, and installed a trencher at the rear of the digging part at the lower end of the trencher. There is a structure that has an integrally protruding conveyor for lifting root vegetables.

When digging root vegetables, a trencher is moved deep into the ground, and the trencher digs up the root vegetables, which are then lifted upward by a conveyor. be.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In the above structure, at the start of excavation work, the trencher is rotated downward from the ground toward the ground, enters the ground from the excavation part at the lower end, and takes the trencher into an excavation position. Although it is set,
At this time, since the conveyor is integrally protruded from the rear part of the excavation part, the rear part of the conveyor hits the soil and the excavation part
It is not possible to enter the ground from the original starting position for digging from the root vegetables and set it to the digging position. Therefore, considering the distance of the downward rotation of the conveyor, the original starting position Enter the excavation part from the front part,
In addition, this has to be set in the digging position, which requires manual digging over a wide range of areas, and there is a problem in that this digging requires a lot of effort.

Therefore, the present invention was made in view of such problems, and is set so that the lifting body does not act as entry resistance when the excavation body enters the ground, and thereby, the excavation body easily enter the ground from its original starting position,
The object of the present invention is to provide an excavator with excellent workability, which can be easily set in the digging position, and which can eliminate or extremely reduce the labor involved in digging pillows. .

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) An excavator according to the invention of claim 1 includes a main body frame having a connecting part connected to a tractor at the front part and a rotation center axis at the rear part, A digging body is provided at the lower end of the excavation body, which is rotatable vertically around a central axis, for digging up root vegetables, and a rotatable cutter is provided on both sides of the excavation body, which cuts the soil on both sides of the root vegetables in the vertical direction. an excavation mechanism having the above-mentioned mechanism; a cylinder device for causing the excavation mechanism to enter the ground from the ground around the rotation center axis; The device is provided with a lifting body for lifting root vegetables, which is supported in a protruding manner and is rotatable upward from the set position of the brackets about a support shaft.

Further, the digging machine of the invention according to claim 2 is the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lifting body is composed of a conveyor that is driven to convey the root vegetables rearward and upward.

(Function) In the excavator of the invention of claim 1, when the excavation work is started, the excavation mechanism equipped with the lifting body is moved to the ground at the edge of the field, and the cylinder device is operated to raise the piston. When the rod is extended, the excavation mechanism is rotated downward about the central axis of rotation, and when the left and right cutters of the excavation mechanism are driven, the left and right cutters are moved upward from below.

Then, the excavating body of the excavating mechanism enters the ground from the ground at the edge of the ridge while drawing an arc, and at the same time, the left and right cutters cut the soil on the left and right sides of the excavating body from the ground to the ground. The digging mechanism is set in a predetermined digging posture by the digging body and cutter.

At this time, the lifting body is rotatably supported upward from the set position around the support shaft, so that the lifting body moves inside the excavation trench excavated by the digging body. When the rear part of the lifting body engages with the bottom of the excavation trench, the lifting body is rotated upward around the support shaft and rotated downward together with the excavation body. Therefore, the excavating body is smoothly rotated downward without the lifting body acting as a resistance to prevent the downward rotation of the excavating body.

In the digging machine according to the second aspect of the invention, by driving the conveyor, the root vegetables dug up by the digging body are forcibly conveyed rearward and upward and lifted.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, 1 is a main body frame, and this main frame 1 has support frames 3 integrally protruded from the left and right rear portions of a main frame 2. A transmission case 4 is firmly supported between the rear portions of the support frame 3. Further, lower pins 1a as connecting parts are protruded from both ends of the main frame 2, and a pair of masts 5 are integrally erected at the middle upper part of the main frame 2. A plurality of connecting holes 6 as connecting parts are bored in the front and rear parts facing each other, and a support arm 7 that supports each other is connected between the lower part of the connecting hole 6 and the transmission case 4. has been done. Further, a mission 8 is provided in the mission case 4, and an input shaft 9 coupled to the mission 8 is rotatably protruded from the front part of the mission case 4 via a bearing body (not shown).
An output shaft lO serving as a rotational center shaft is interlocked and connected to a bearing body 11 that projects in the left-right direction of the mission case 4, and both sides of the output shaft 10 are integrally fixed to both sides of the mission case 4. The left and right bearing bodies 1l are rotatably supported via bearings 12, and the left and right bearing bodies 1l have sliding recesses l on their outer peripheries.
3 is formed in a ring shape.

Further, 14 is a digging mechanism, and this digging mechanism 14 has a plate-shaped suspension body 15 that is attached to the sliding recess 13 of the left and right bearing bodies 11 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. Hanging body! 5
A hollow cylindrical support frame 16 is horizontally fixed to the frame. Moreover, the upper part of the support plate 18 extending in the vertical direction is attached to the connecting plate 17 fixedly supported on the left and right sides of the support frame l6, and has an adjustment mechanism! Chain guides 20 are vertically connected to the left and right support plates 18 so that their positions can be adjusted in the vertical direction. In addition, left and right vertical portions 22 of a connecting frame 21 are integrally fixed to the inner lower end portions of the left and right support plates 18, and the connecting frame 2 is provided to protrude rearward from the lower end portions of the left and right vertical portions 22.
A mounting plate 24 that slopes backward upward is integrally formed between the horizontal parts 23 of 1, and a tip metal 25 as an excavation body is integrally fixed on this mounting plate 24 in a state that slopes upward backward. A tip 26 of this tip 25 projects below the vertical portion 22. Further, a sprocket 27 that rotates on an extension line of the lower end of the left and right support plates 18 and above both sides of the tip 25 is attached to the lower end outer side of the left and right vertical portions 22 of the connection frame 21. A sprocket 29 is fixed to both left and right ends of the output shaft 10 of the mission 8 and rotates at the same level as the left and right sprockets 27. 27. An endless chain 30 is rotatably suspended between the left and right endless chains 30 via the chain guide 2G, and the tips 26 of the tips 25 are disposed at a predetermined interval on the outer sides of the left and right endless chains 30.
A large number of cutters 31 are protruded to move along both sides of the cutter. Further, a bracket 32 is integrally fixed to the lower part of the mounting plate 24, and this bracket 32 is attached to a support shaft 33.
A pair of bearing plates 34 which are horizontally suspended are protruded from each other on the left and right sides, and the left and right parts of the left and right bearing plates 34 are fixedly supported by reinforcing members 35. The excavation mechanism l4 constructed as described above is suspended via the left and right bearing bodies 11 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction about the output shaft 10.

Reference numeral 36 denotes a conveyor as a lifting body, and this conveyor 36 has a rectangular conveyor frame 37 extending in the front-rear direction. A large number of rollers 39 are rotatably arranged on shafts at predetermined intervals, and an endless belt 40 is mounted between the front end roller 39 and the rear end roller 39 via intermediate rollers 39. It is suspended so that it can rotate freely. Further, a connecting frame 4l is horizontally fixed to the front end of the conveyor frame 37, and a bearing body 42 having a width slightly smaller than the width between the left and right bearing plates 34 is provided at the front intermediate portion of the connecting frame 4l. A first stopper 4 is integrally provided on the upper surface of the bearing body 42 and is engaged with the lower surface of the mounting plate 24 between the left and right bearing plates 34.
3 is formed, and a second stopper 45 that can be freely engaged with and detached from a locking portion 44 formed from the rear end of the mounting plate 24 and the tip 25 projects from the front portion of the upper end of the connection frame 4l. It is set up. The bearing body 42 protruding from the connecting frame 4l is pivotally attached to the shoringo 33 between the left and right bearing plates 34 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. As a result, the conveyor 36 is normally supported by the first stopper 43 being locked to the lower surface of the mounting plate 24 and projecting from the rear part of the tip 25 at a predetermined angle of inclination. , and above this setting position, the second
By locking the stopper 45 with the locking portion 44, the upward rotation of the conveyor 36 is restricted.

Furthermore, 46 is a cylinder device, and this cylinder device 46 has a base end portion of a cylinder body 47 rotatably connected between left and right connecting support frames 49 via a support shaft 48. are the left and right suspension bodies l of the digging mechanism 14.
5 is integrally fixed to the inner side of a connecting portion 50 protruding from the rear side of the connecting portion 5. Further, the tip of a piston rod 5l, which is extendably provided to the cylinder body 47, is rotatably connected to the connecting hole 6 at the rear of the mast 5 via a connecting pin 52. Then, by operating the cylinder device 46, the excavation mechanism 14 is caused to enter the ground from the ground through the left and right bearing bodies l1 with the output shaft 10 as the rotation center.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained.

The left and right lower links 54 and top link 55 of the tractor 53 are connected to the left and right lower pins l1 in the main frame 2 of the main body frame 1 and the connection hole 6 in the front part of the mast 5, respectively, and the input shaft 9 of the mission 8 and the tractor 53 are connected to each other. A power transmission shaft 57 is connected between the power take-off shaft 56 and the power take-off shaft 56 .

Next, when the excavator is moved by the tractor 53 and the excavation mechanism 14 equipped with the conveyor 36 is moved to the ground at the edge of the field, the cylinder device 46 is actuated to extend the piston rod 51. The excavation mechanism 14 is rotated downward by the left and right suspension members 15 about the output shaft lO of the mission 8.

At the same time, the power output shaft 56 of the tractor 53 is rotationally driven to drive the power transmission shaft 57, input shaft 9 and transmission 8.
When the output pongee 10 is rotated via the upper, lower, left and right sprockets 27. 29, the left and right endless chains 30 are interlocked and rotated clockwise in FIG. 1, and each cutter 3l is moved upward from below.

Then, the tip metal 25 of the excavation mechanism l4 is thrust into the ground from its tip 26 and is sequentially advanced forward.
Each cutter 3L on the left and right cuts the soil on both sides of the tip with a tip of 25.
As the machine enters the ground, it enters the ground while excavating and cutting in sequence. Therefore, the tip metal 25 of the excavation mechanism 14 and the left and right cutters 31 rotate and move forward in an arc while cutting the edge of the ridge. The digging mechanism 14 enters the ground from the ground to a predetermined digging depth h depending on the type of root vegetables, and at the same time stops the operation of the cylinder device 46. Thereby, the digging mechanism l4 is set to a predetermined digging posture.

At this time, the conveyor 36 is protruded from the rear part of the tip 25 with the first stopper 43 engaged with the lower surface of the mounting plate 24 and tilted upward. When the conveyor 36 is rotated downward together with the excavation mechanism 14, if the rear part of the conveyor 36 hits the bottom of the excavation groove formed by the lead metal 25 and the left and right cutters 3l, the conveyor 36 becomes unsupported. The tip 25 is automatically rotated upward from the set position about the shaft 33, so that the tip 25 is moved upward from the conveyor 3 without the conveyor 36 acting as a resistance to prevent the tip 25 from rotating downward.
6, it is smoothly rotated downward.

Next, when the excavator is towed by the tractor 53, the tip 25 of the excavator groove 14 is thrust into the ground at the rear lower part of the root crops from its tip and is successively towed, and the left and right endless Each cutter 31 of the chain 30 is pulled upward while sequentially excavating and cutting the soil on both sides of the root crops on both sides of the tip 25.

The root vegetables dug up by the tip metal 25 are carried from the rear end of the tip metal 25 onto the endless belt 40 of the conveyor 36, but this conveyor 36 is set to slope upward at the rear. Due to the traction resistance, the endless belt 40 is rotated clockwise in FIG. It is lifted, separated from the soil, and excavated.

In this way, by towing the excavator along the root vegetables by the tractor 53, each root vegetable in the field is sequentially dug up and lifted up.

In addition, in the embodiment described above, the case was explained in which the conveyor 36 was installed in series as a lifting body at the rear part of the tip 25.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as a lifting body, for example, a lift spatula may be pivotally supported on the rear part of the tip 25 via a support shaft so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.

This allows the digging mechanism 14 and the lift spatula to easily enter the ground from the ridge as in the case of the previous embodiment,
Moreover, it can be set to the digging posture.

Next, a second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 will be described.

This embodiment uses the autorotating conveyor 3 of the first embodiment.
6 has been modified to a drive type driven by power from the output shaft IQ of the mission 8, and therefore, the same parts as in the first embodiment will be designated by the same reference numerals and a description thereof will be omitted.

That is, the front end of a first transmission case 6l is attached and supported to one end of the output shaft lO of the mission 8 via a bearing 60 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.
One side of the rotating shaft 63 is rotatably supported horizontally within the rear end via a bearing 62, and a bearing is provided on the other side of the rotating shaft 63 that protrudes outward from the first transmission case 61. The upper end of the second transfer case 65 is rotatably attached and supported via the transfer case 64, and within the lower end of the second transmission case 65 is a drive shaft having the roller 39 at the rear end of the conveyor 36. One end portion of 66 is rotatably inserted and supported via a bearing 67.

Also, a bearing 68 is provided in the intermediate portion of the first transmission case 61.
A relay shaft 69 is horizontally suspended rotatably through the relay shaft 69, and the output shaft 10 and the rotary shaft 63 at the front and rear of the relay shaft 69 are connected to an interlocking medium 70. They are rotatably interlocked via 71. Further, within the second transmission case 65, the upper and lower rotating shafts 63 and the drive shaft 66 are rotatably coupled via an interlocking medium 72. The interlocking medium 70 is then driven by the rotational power of the output shaft 10.
．． 71. 72, the endless belt 4[1 of the conveyor 36 is driven to rotate clockwise in FIG. 5. In addition, the conveyor 36 is tilted upward with the first stopper 43 engaged with the lower surface of the mounting plate 24, and the rear end portions of the conveyor 36 are rotatable in the vertical direction relative to each other via the rotation shaft 63. First and second transmission cases 61.
The first transmission case 61 is suspended from one end of the output shaft 10 by the casing 65 and is supported horizontally by supporting means (not shown) so as to maintain this state. is adapted to be rotated about the output shaft 10.

With this configuration, when the conveyor 36 is rotated downward together with the excavation mechanism 14, the rear part of the conveyor 36 and the lower end of the second transmission case 65 are connected to the tip 25 and each of the left and right sides. When the conveyor 36 hits the bottom of an excavated groove formed by the cutter 31, the conveyor 36 is automatically rotated upward from the set position around the support shaft 33, and the drive shaft of the conveyor 31i 66
The second transmission case 65 is pushed up. Further, when the second transmission case 65 is pushed up, the second transmission case 65 rotates about the rotation shaft 63 and the first transmission case 61 is pushed up via the rotation shaft 63. This first transmission case 6l is rotated upward about the output shaft IO. Therefore, the conveyor 36
is smoothly rotated downward without causing any resistance to prevent the tip 25 from rotating downward, and the digging mechanism 14 is easily set to a predetermined digging posture.

Next, as in the case of the first embodiment, the tractor 53
When the output shaft lO is rotated by the power from the power take-off shaft 56 of the output shaft lO, the interlocking medium 70. 7
1. The drive shaft 66 of the conveyor 36 is interlocked and rotated via the roller 72, and the endless belt 40 is rotated clockwise in FIG. The root vegetables are forcibly conveyed sequentially toward the rear by the endless belt 40 of the conveyor 36, and are lifted rearward and upward to be dug up.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the invention of claim 1, the lifting body is supported rearwardly and upwardly through the support shaft at the rear of the digging body at the lower end of the digging mechanism, and the lifting body is moved to the set position. Since it is freely rotatable upward, this rear lifting body can be moved up and down independently of the preceding excavation body during excavation work, and when the excavation body enters the ground, the lifting body As a result, the excavating body can easily enter the ground from its original starting position, and the excavating mechanism and lifting body can be easily adjusted to the excavating position. To provide an excavator with excellent workability, which can be set to 1, and therefore can perform root vegetable digging work from the original starting position, and can eliminate or extremely reduce the labor required for pillow digging. be able to.

Further, according to the invention of claim 2, by using the lifting body as a driven conveyor, the root vegetables dug up by the digging body can be smoothly conveyed rearward and upwardly, and the root vegetables can be transported and excavated without damaging the material.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figures show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of an excavator, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line a-a, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along line a-a.
The figures are a sectional view taken along line b-b in Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a plan view with a part of the excavator omitted, and Figs. 5 to 7 show other embodiments. is a side view of the excavator, and Figure 6 is same as c.
- A transverse plan view of the section taken along the line c, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line d--d in FIG. 1. Body frame, lw. 6. Connecting part, 10.
・Rotation center axis, l4... Excavation mechanism, 25... Excavation body, 3
1... Cutter, 33... Support shaft, 36... Lifting body, 46
...Cylinder device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A main body frame that has a connecting part connected to a tractor at the front and a rotation center axis at the rear, and a root vegetable frame that is rotatable in the vertical direction about the rotation center axis of the main body frame, and a root vegetable at the lower end. an excavation mechanism that includes a digging body for digging up root crops, a rotatable cutter that cuts the soil on both sides of root vegetables in the vertical direction on both sides of the digging body; A cylinder device that enters the ground from the ground as a center, and a cylinder device that is supported in a rear part of the excavation body of the excavation mechanism so as to protrude rearward and upwardly through a support shaft, and that extends upward from this set position about the support shaft. A digging machine characterized by being equipped with a lifting body for lifting root vegetables that is rotatable in the opposite direction. (2) The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the lifting body comprises a conveyor that is driven to convey the root vegetables rearward and upward.