JPH0484816A - Digger for deep-rooted root vegetables such as yam - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce tractive resistance applied to a rising plate by locating shanks supporting the rising plate at a position behind a chain digger unit set to the machine body and making its forward tilting angle controllable. CONSTITUTION:A rising plate (d) is divided into two parts composed of a front half unit (5a) and a rear half unit (5b) at a position a little inclined from the connecting part between the plate and shanks (c) and (c') towards the rear part and the divided two units are mutually connected rotatably using a hinge 50. The lower end side of a connecting rod 51 is connected to the rear half unit 5b and the upper end side of the connecting rod 51 is connected through an elevator (f) composed of engaging holes 51a made in serial form in the connecting rod 51 and a connecting pin 53 to an extended frame 52 extended rearwards from the upper end part of the shank (c).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an digging device for efficiently digging up deep-rooted root vegetables such as Japanese yam without causing breakage or damage.

An efficient way to dig up root vegetables by mechanical means is to use a trench excavator to dig deep trenches along the rows of root vegetables in fields where root vegetables are grown in rows. Then, there is a method for digging out root vegetables by breaking down the walls around the root vegetables in the excavated trench, and a means for digging out the root vegetables in the ground below the root vegetables grown in the field. By raising the root vegetables to the surface of the earth together with the soil,
There is a way to make root vegetables float above the ground.

However, in the former method, the soil around the root vegetables is collapsed into a pre-formed excavation groove next to the cultivation row of the root vegetables, and the roots are dug out. As a result of having to use a trench excavator to excavate a wide excavation trench with a volume corresponding to the number of crops, a large amount of horsepower is required to drive the excavator, and it is difficult to break the soil around the root crops into the trench. After taking the vegetables out, the root vegetables must be dug up by hand, so if the root vegetables have a roughly constant shape and are durable, such as burdock, it is fine, but if the root vegetables are hardy crops, such as yam, etc. In the case of soft crops that grow in irregular shapes and are easily damaged, in order to improve digging efficiency, it is best to dig the trench close to the roots of the root crops, so that the excavator does not come into contact with the roots of the crops. There are some WA problems that cannot be applied because they get scratched when pulled out, and break when pulled out forcibly, which significantly impairs the product value. Additionally, the latter is well suited for crops that grow relatively shallowly underground, such as beets or potatoes, but is suitable for crops that grow deep underground, such as Japanese yam. In order to locate the digging bud deep underground, which passes through the ground below the root, the support that supports the digging bud goes long deep into the ground, and the top and bottom When a long pole moves underground, it is subjected to a huge traction resistance load.
There is a problem in that it requires a large amount of horsepower to drive, and the work cannot be done without using a large tractor with large horsepower.

The present invention has been made to solve these problems that have arisen with the conventional means, and allows digging of soft, easily damaged, and deep-rooted root vegetables, such as Japanese yam, by using a large amount of horsepower. To provide a means for efficiently carrying out the process without causing damage or breakage to root vegetables.

The present invention was completed based on the knowledge obtained through various studies and experiments for this purpose.

That is, in order to pass a digging pile or a raised plate below the roots of deep-rooted vegetables, a pair of vertically long shanks that work deep into the ground are supported on the machine on the left and right, and the shanks are When supporting a digging plow or a raised plate between the lower ends, a chino-type excavator is provided at the front position of the shank, so that the part where the shank advances can be
If the trench is excavated in advance or the swollen and softened state is formed, the traction resistance of the long shank that supports the excavator or raised plate located deep underground can be minimized. Assuming that there is no condition, if it can be towed, and there is power to drive the digging chino of a narrow chino-type excavation body located in front of the shank, and power to tow the WA plow or raised board. It has become clear that excavation work can be carried out satisfactorily without the use of large tractors with high horsepower.

By the way, in this method, the chino-type excavating body for making the shank supporting the digging plow or the raised plate almost free of traction resistance has an extremely narrow width corresponding to the left and right widths of the shank. Since it can be driven with a small horsepower, most of the required power is spent on pulling the excavator or the heir. The traction resistance of this digging plow or heave plate depends on the inclination angle in the front and back direction for heaving the soil and the soil quality. Even if the angle of inclination is the optimal angle that corresponds to the horsepower of the prime mover prepared for the aircraft to travel, if the engine is heavy and contains a lot of water, the horsepower will be insufficient, and if the engine is dry and In this case, there would be extra horsepower and it would be a good idea to set the inclination angle even stronger to improve the floating of the crop. Therefore, from this point of view, it is possible to change and adjust the inclination angle in the front-rear direction of the digging plow or the raised plate supported between the lower ends of the pair of left and right shanks, as desired.
By changing and adjusting this angle of inclination according to the soil quality of the field where deep-rooted vegetables such as Japanese yam are cultivated, it is possible to reduce the required horsepower while effectively using that horsepower. This is based on the fact that deep-rooted root vegetables can be dug up efficiently.

Therefore, in the present invention, as a means to achieve the above-mentioned object, a pair of vertically long shanks arranged on the left and right are mounted on an aircraft that moves by itself or is towed,
A digging plow or raising plate is supported between the lower ends of the left and right shanks, and a chino-type excavator is arranged in front of the shank at a position where it overlaps with the shank when viewed from the front. In the mounted root vegetable digging device, the digging prevention or raised plate for root vegetable digging is connected to the front half supported by the lower end of the shank and to the front half so as to be vertically movable. The rear half is connected to the fuselage via a lifting device, and the tilt angle of the rear half of the raised plate can be freely changed and adjusted by operating the lifting device. We proposed a device for digging up deep-rooted vegetables such as Japanese yam, which is characterized by a machine that moves by itself or is towed, and is equipped with a pair of vertically long shanks arranged on the left and right. A digging plow or a raised plate is supported between the lower ends of the shanks of the machine, and a chino-type excavator is arranged in front of the shank at a position where it overlaps the shank when viewed from the front, and is mounted on the fuselage. In this root vegetable digging device, a shank capable of supporting the root vegetable digging plow or raised plate on the lower end side is rotated in the front and rear direction about a rotation fulcrum provided on the upper end side of the shank. The shank is freely supported on the fuselage and connected to a lifting device provided on the fuselage so as to rotate the shank by a desired angle.

A device for digging deep-rooted vegetables such as Japanese yam is proposed, characterized in that the inclination angle of a raised plate supported on the lower end of the shank can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation angle in the front-rear direction of the shank. It is something to do.

Next, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of the main parts of an apparatus for digging up deep-rooted vegetables such as Japanese yam, in which the present invention can be carried out. Tractor T
The fuselage is connected to the rear of the aircraft to be towed. b: One side is omitted in the drawing, but chain-type excavators are arranged as a pair on the left and right and attached to the fuselage a; C: one is omitted from the drawing. shank mounted on the machine body a so as to be arranged in a pair on the left and right and hang down at each rear position of the chain type excavator;
d is a raised plate (or excavation prohibited) supported between the lower ends of a pair of shanks ClIC on the left and right, e is a cover for the chain type excavator, and f is an adjustment to change the inclination angle of the raised plate d. The figure shows a lifting device.

The tractor T, which is a towing vehicle, is a normal four-wheeled passenger tractor, and the rear side of the vehicle body 1 is equipped with connecting hits lO and P.
It is equipped with a TO axis 11.

The above-mentioned aircraft a has its front end side mast 20 connected to the connecting hitch 10 by 1. The lower links 12 and 1 are connected via a three-point hitch consisting of the lower links 12 and the top link 13, which are connected at the front end side, and the lift arm 14, which is rotated up and down by a hydraulic device provided on the vehicle body L, is connected to the lower links 12 and 1.
2, the lift arm 14 operates to lift the vehicle body l.
It is connected and attached so that it can be raised and lowered.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fuselage a has a substantially rectangular frame shape in plan view, and has a mast 20 on the front end side.
The mast 20 is formed into a frame that stands up, and the aforementioned left and right openings 12 and 1 are provided at both left and right ends of the mast 20.
2 and the rear end of the above-mentioned top link 13 is connected to the upper end of the mast 20, so that the tractor T can be connected and mounted on the rear side of the vehicle body 1. The aircraft body a includes a front aircraft frame 2a that is integral with the mast 20 and on which a mission case M that houses a transmission mechanism is integrally mounted.
And, for this front machine frame 2a, the mission case M
A cylindrical support shaft 21 protrudes from both left and right sides of the
21 (Fig. 4), which is connected to the rear machine frame 2b so as to freely rotate up and down, and the front machine frame 2a of the rear machine frame 2b.
In this case, the rear machine frame 2b is moved in and out by the movement of the piston rod 22a.
A hydraulic cylinder 22 is installed for raising and lowering rotation with respect to the front machine frame 2a, and the hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to a hydraulic circuit of a hydraulic system provided in the vehicle body 1 of the tractor T via a hydraulic hose 22b. They are connected via a control valve mechanism, and the tip of the piston rod 22a is connected to a connecting member 23 provided on the rear machine frame 2b. The chain-type excavators bb and shanks c*c, which are arranged as a pair on the left and right and are mounted on the machine body a, are mounted on the machine body a by assembling them on both the left and right sides of the rear machine frame 2b. It is.

As shown in FIG. 4, the chino-type excavator has a radial groove on the outer periphery of a cylindrical boss portion 31 that surrounds the drive shaft 30 and is rotatably fitted to the outer periphery of the aforementioned support shaft 21. The base end of a boom 32 that protrudes long in the direction is integrally connected via a bracket 32a, a floating silver ring 33 is pivotally supported at the tip of the boom 32, and a support rod is provided in the middle of the boom 32 in the form of a side branch. A floating silver ring 35 is pivotally supported at the tip of the ring 34, and a digging chino 38 equipped with a digging blade 37 is endlessly wound around these floating silver rings 33, 35 and a driving silver ring 36 fitted to the drive shaft 30. This is a normal Cheno-type excavator consisting of. The chain-type excavator has a boss portion 31 at its base end connected to drive shafts 30 and 30 that protrude left and right from both left and right sides of the mission case M mounted on the aforementioned front machine frame 2a. A cylindrical support shaft 21 that surrounds the
The respective boss parts 31 are rotatably fitted on the outer periphery of the rear machine frame 21, and the boss parts 31 are integrally connected to the left and right sides of the rear machine frame 2b, respectively, to be mounted on the machine body a. , As a result, the rear machine frame 2b is raised and lowered relative to the front machine frame 2a by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 22.
As shown in the drawings and FIG. 7, it is designed to move up and down around the drive shaft 30 together with the rear machine frame 2b. At this time, the pair of left and right shanks C"C and the raised plate d supported between their lower ends are also attached to the drive shaft 30.
It moves up and down around the center.

The excavating chino 38 of the chino type excavating body has an extremely narrow excavating width that is somewhat wider than the wall thickness of the shank C in the left and right direction. And the drilling Cheno 3
8, the drive shaft 30 equipped with the drive silver wheel 36 transmits power from the PTO shaft 11 of the tractor T through the universal joint shaft 16, the input shaft 15 provided on the front side of the mission case M, and the transmission mechanism inside the mission case M. The excavating operation is performed by driving and rotating the excavating chino 38 by the rotational power generated by the engine.
In the figure, it may be set either clockwise or counterclockwise; however, in this example, the desired direction can be selected by operating the switching mission.

This is a farm field where yams etc. are grown.

If the soil is clayey or has a high water content and is soft, excavated soil is excavated with the excavation cheno 38 by rotating it clockwise in the direction shown in Fig. 1, which is the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the wheels of the tractor T during work. is carried out to the ground surface, and a groove with a width corresponding to the width of the excavation chino 38 is made, and the shanks C and C located at the rear are passed through this groove, thereby reducing the resistance of the shank ClIC. It is effective to reduce the horsepower required, and if the soil in the field is dry with light fog, the rotation direction of the wheels of the tractor T during work is the same as that shown in Fig. 1. Rotate counterclockwise,
Excavation soil excavated by excavation Cheno 38
The material is sent backward through the lower part of the rotating part on the lower end side, and backfills the groove excavated by the excavating cheno 38 to form a continuous groove-like swollen and softened part. Since it is efficient in terms of the required horsepower to reduce the resistance by passing the shanks C and C through the
This is to allow people to freely choose between these three options.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shank c fist c is formed into a flat plate shape with a narrow left and right width and a wide front and rear width, and its longitudinal direction is parallel to the chain excavator body. It is arranged at the rear of each of the chain-type excavators b and b in a vertical direction substantially parallel to the boom 32 of By assembling, each support is installed vertically on the aircraft body a,
A blade portion is formed on the leading edge as desired. and.

This shank cec has each upper end attached to the rear machine frame 2.
When assembling it on the side surface of part b, as shown in FIG. 2, it is arranged so that it occupies the left and right center portions of the working width of the excavating chain 738 of the chain type excavating body when viewed from the rear. For this reason, a shank mounting bracket 40 is interposed between the upper end of the shank C and the side surface of the rear machine frame 2b.

The raised plate d is formed into a flat plate shape that is thin vertically, wide horizontally, and long longitudinally, and has a shear formed at its front edge. Then, as shown in Fig. 2, the front edge is tilted slightly downward, and as seen from the front, it is within the gap between the chain-type excavators bb mounted on the left and right sides of the machine body a. By arranging it at a position that occupies the lower end of the interval, and connecting and supporting both left and right sides of the front and rear intermediate portions to the respective lower ends of the pair of left and right shanks C*C, It is supported by the fuselage a via its shank C''C.

At this time, as shown in FIG.
It is arranged so as to be located rearward from the accompanying trajectory in the excavation action portion 38a, and is supported on the lower end of the shank cec. In this case, it is sufficient that the main body of the raised plate d is located behind the accompanying locus of the excavating action portion 38a of the excavating check 738, and the leading edge of the raised plate d is There is no problem with it protruding slightly ahead of the travel trajectory.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, this raised plate d is located above the line of the lower edge of the lower end turning portion of the excavating portion 38a of the excavating ché 738 of the chain type excavating body when viewed from the side. It is arranged so that it is supported by the lower end of the shank c@c.

In this case as well, it is sufficient that the main body of the raised plate d is located above a line passing through the lower edge of the excavating part of the excavating ch 738, and the front edge is slightly above the lower edge of the excavating part. There is no problem with it protruding below the line passing through.

Further, the raised plate d may be in the shape of a rigid flat plate, but in the examples shown in Figs. Divided into front and rear parts at the rear part, the front half side 5a and the rear half side 5b
The lower end of the connecting rod 51 is connected to the rear half side 5b, and the upper end of the connecting rod 51 is connected to the upper end of the shank C. It is connected to an extension frame 52 provided by extending rearward from the connecting rod 51 via a lifting device f consisting of fitting holes 51a provided in series in the connecting rod 51 and connecting pins 53 selectively fitted into the fitting holes 51a. By this, the inclination angle of the rear half side 5b of the raised plate d when viewed from the side can be adjusted as desired by the raising and lowering adjustment by the raising and lowering device f.

The adjustment means for changing the inclination angle of the raised plate d in a side view is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 when the upper end side of the shank c*c is assembled to the left and right side surfaces of the rear machine frame 2b. As shown, a support shaft 54 whose both ends protrude to the left and right sides of the rear machine frame 2b is rotatably mounted on the rear machine frame 2b. By fixing the upper ends of the shanks C and C, it is assembled to the left and right sides of the rear machine frame 2b so that it can freely rotate back and forth about the support shaft 54 by the rotation of the support shaft 54. , the support shaft 54 is provided with arms 55, 55 that protrude rearward and are integrally connected, and these arms 55, 55 and a rear extension part 56 provided on the rear machine frame 2b are connected to the rear extension part 56. By linking via a lifting device f consisting of a threaded rod 58 that is pivotally supported so as to be freely rotated by the operation of a handle 57, and a female screw 59 that is screwed into the threaded rod 58 and supported by the arms 55, 55, By operating the elevating device f, the shanks C and C may be rotated back and forth about the rotational fulcrum, thereby making it possible to adjust the overall inclination angle of the raised plate d in a side view.

Further, in the illustrated embodiment, e is a cover that is installed inside the part of each of the Cheno-type excavators bb that protrudes above the ground surface during excavation work, and is a cover on the left and right sides of the rear machine frame 2b. It is integrally connected to the outer surface and mounted on the machine body a, and by rotating the rear machine frame 2b with respect to the front machine frame 2a, the chino-type excavator body, shank C, raised plate d, etc. Together with this, the chino-type excavator is rotated up and down about the drive shaft 30 of the excavator.

The cover e has a peripheral wall portion 60 surrounding the outer circumferential portion of the excavating chino 38 of the chino type excavating body.
As shown in Fig. 3, it is formed in a trumpet shape so that its diameter gradually expands outward, and this allows the excavation cheno 38 of the chino-type excavator to move the excavated soil above the ground surface. When the excavated soil springs out, the excavated soil is guided outward and falls to the ground surface, preventing the excavated soil from returning to the trench excavated by the excavating chino 38.
It is designed to also serve as a soil removal means to allow trenching to be carried out efficiently.

The embodiment device constructed in this manner operates as follows.

Driving the tractor T, drive into the field where the root vegetables P such as Japanese yam to be dug are cultivated, and the Cheno-type excavator bodies bb, which are supported in pairs on the left and right sides of the machine body a, are
Positioned so as to straddle the cultivation rows of root vegetables P such as Japanese yam, while lowering the aircraft a by operating the lift arm 14,
By operating the PTO shaft 11, the drive shafts 30, 30 protruding from the mission case M to the left and right are driven, and the chino-type excavator body bb is operated. It penetrates into the ground while being excavated in contact with the ground, resulting in the state shown in Figure 1.

Next, in this state, if the body of the tractor T is driven forward while operating the chain-type excavator,
The left and right chain-type excavators bb are respectively connected to the excavator chain 7.
A narrow trench corresponding to the width of 38 is excavated, and a pair of shanks C-C on the left and right move inside this excavated trench or through the excavated soil that has been backfilled in the trench. The raised plate d supported between the lower ends of these shanks C and C moves along the bottom of the cultivation ridge for root vegetables P located between the left and right chain-type excavators b@b. become.

As a result, the root vegetables grown and grown in the cultivation ridges
..., together with the soil in the cultivation ridge, is gradually raised by the upper surface of the raised plate d, and comes to stand out on the ground surface.

A worker following behind the machine a, or a worker who has stopped the operation of the tractor T and gotten off the machine, can gently pull it out by hand, allowing the excavation work to be carried out.

In this digging work, deep-rooted vegetables such as Japanese yam, P.
If the field where you are cultivating... contains a lot of moisture or is made of heavy clay, and a large traction resistance is applied to the raised plate d, use the method shown in Figures 1 to 5. In the first embodiment, there is a lift! Connecting rod 5 by operating f
1 is lowered so that the rear half 115b of the raised plate d is brought close to a horizontal position as shown by the chain line 1 in FIG. In the embodiment, the shank C11C is rotated forward (to the left in FIG. 8) about the support shaft 54 by operating the lifting device f that rotates the handles 5 and 7.
- When the raised plate d supported at the lower end of C is brought close to the horizontal position as shown by the chain line I in Fig. 8, the vertical movement distance of the soil raised by the raised plate d. Try to do the work by making it smaller.

In addition, if the soil in the field is dry with light grains and the traction resistance applied to the raised plate d is small, in the first embodiment, the rear half side 5b of the raised plate d is As shown by the chain line H in Figure 5, it is tilted forward at a large angle of inclination,
In addition, in the second embodiment, the shank C@C is
As shown in the figure, by rotating the shank toward the rear, the forward tilting angle of the raised plate d supported at the lower end of the shank cec becomes thicker. Work while keeping the amount of vertical movement slightly controlled so that the root vegetables can be effectively lifted.

As explained above, the device for digging deep-rooted vegetables such as Japanese yam according to the present invention has chain-type excavators b and b mounted on the machine body a, with the shank C-C supporting the raised plate d. By positioning it rearward and supporting it on the fuselage, there is almost no traction resistance, and the raised plate d supported at the lower end of the shank C@C is tilted forward. Since the angle can be changed and adjusted as desired, the traction resistance applied to the raised plate d can be adjusted to suit the traction horsepower according to the soil properties of the field. Soft and easily damaged items such as Japanese yam, etc.
Moreover, deep-rooted root vegetables can be dug up efficiently without requiring large horsepower and without causing damage or breakage to the root vegetables.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of the main parts of the apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a rear view of the same device, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same device, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway plan view of the main part of the same device with the rear machine frame raised and rotated, and FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway plan view of the same device. side view of parts of the device;
6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams of the rotational movement of the rear machine frame of the main part of the same as above, FIG. 8 is a side view of the main part of another embodiment of the same as above,
FIG. 9 is a rear view of the same as above. Explanation of drawing symbols T: Tractor M: Mission case P: Root vegetables a: Machine body b: Cheno-type excavator d: Raising plate f: Lifting device 10...・Connection hitch 12...Lower link 14...Lift arm 16...Universal jaw 2a...Front machine frame 20...Mast 22...Hydraulic cylinder 2 22b...Hydraulic hose 30...・Drive shaft 32...Boom 33-35...Idle silver wheel 36...Drive silver wheel C...Shank e...Covered...Vehicle body 11...PTO shaft 13...Toe, plink 15... ... Input shaft Indian shaft 2b ... Rear machine frame 21 ... Support shaft 2a ... Piston rod 23 ... Connecting member 31 ... Boss part 32a ... Bracket 34 ... i support rod 37 ...・Drilling blade 8...Drilling chino 38a...Drilling action part 0・
...Shank mounting bracket a...first half side 5b...second half side 0...hinge 51...connecting rod 2...frame
53...Connection hinge 4...Spindle 55
... Arm 6 ... Rear extension part 57 ... Handle 8 ... Threaded rod 59 ... Female thread 0 ...
・Peripheral wall diagram Patent applicant: Kawabe Noken Sangyo Co., Ltd. T Figure 2b Figure 4 ← :1

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A machine that moves by itself or is towed is equipped with a pair of vertically long shanks arranged on the left and right, and a digging plow or raised plate is installed between the lower ends of the left and right shanks. In the root vegetable digging device mounted on the machine body, chain-type excavators are arranged in front of the shanks and overlapped with the shanks in a front view, respectively. The digging plow or raised plate is divided into two parts: the first half supported by the lower end of the shank, and the second half connected to the first half so that it can move up and down, and the second half is connected to the first half by a lifting device. A device for digging deep-rooted root vegetables such as Japanese yam, which is connected to a machine body, and is characterized in that the longitudinal inclination angle of the rear half of the raised plate can be freely changed and adjusted by operating the lifting device. (2) A machine that is self-propelled or towed is equipped with a pair of vertically long shanks arranged on the left and right, and a digging plow or raised plate is installed between the lower ends of the left and right shanks. In the root vegetable digging device mounted on the machine body, chain-type excavators are arranged in front of the shanks and overlapped with the shanks in a front view, respectively. A shank that can support a digging plow or a raised plate on the lower end side is supported on the body so that it can freely rotate in the front and rear directions around a rotation fulcrum provided on the upper end side, and the shank can be rotated by a desired angle. It is characterized in that it is connected to a lifting device provided on the body for rotation, and by adjusting the rotation angle of the shank in the front-rear direction, the inclination angle of the raised plate supported on the lower end of the shank can be adjusted. A device for digging deep-rooted vegetables such as Japanese yam.