FR2566032A1 - Device for recovering solar energy and its application to the heating of a building - Google Patents

Device for recovering solar energy and its application to the heating of a building Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2566032A1
FR2566032A1 FR8409544A FR8409544A FR2566032A1 FR 2566032 A1 FR2566032 A1 FR 2566032A1 FR 8409544 A FR8409544 A FR 8409544A FR 8409544 A FR8409544 A FR 8409544A FR 2566032 A1 FR2566032 A1 FR 2566032A1
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France
Prior art keywords
water
building
solar energy
heating
storage tank
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Granted
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FR8409544A
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French (fr)
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FR2566032B1 (en
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COUVREUX JEAN
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COUVREUX JEAN
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Publication date
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Priority to FR8409544A priority Critical patent/FR2566032B1/en
Publication of FR2566032A1 publication Critical patent/FR2566032A1/en
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Publication of FR2566032B1 publication Critical patent/FR2566032B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/60—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids trickling freely over absorbing elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/67—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of roof constructions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

Device for recovering solar energy by means of a film of water 2 trickling in the free air, by means of gravity, over the roofing elements of a building 3 which are exposed to the sun. The water is then collected 5, stored 4 and used as a hot source for a conventional heat pump 8 before being recycled. Application to the heating of a building.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de récupération d'énergie solaire et son application notamment au chauffage d'un bâtiment. The present invention relates to a solar energy recovery device and its application in particular to the heating of a building.

On connaît divers procédés de récupération d'énergie solaire utilisés, par exemple, pour le chauffage d'un local ou la production d'énergie mécanique à l'aide d'un moteur thermique adapté. Ces procédés emploient généralement des capteurs solaires, soit à ruissellement, soit à circulation forcée qui sont coûteux et qui, tries souvent, sont inesthétiques. Various methods of recovering solar energy are known, used, for example, for space heating or the production of mechanical energy using a suitable heat engine. These methods generally use solar collectors, either trickling or forced circulation which are expensive and which, often tried, are unsightly.

Or le demandeur a découvert avec étonnement que l'on pouvait effectuer une récupération d'énergie solaire au moyen d'un film d'eau (2) ruisselant à l'air libre, par gravite, sur les couvertures (3) exposées au soleil d'un bâtiment en se libérant ainsi de l'emploi onéreux de capteurs. Now the applicant has discovered with astonishment that it is possible to recover solar energy by means of a film of water (2) trickling in the open air, by gravity, on the covers (3) exposed to the sun. of a building, thereby freeing itself from the expensive use of sensors.

Selon l'invention, le film d'eau ruisselant (2) sur la couverture(3) récupère non seulement l'énergie solaire absorbée par celle-là, mais aussi, dans certains cas, l'énergie thermique libérée par les phénomènes de condensation dûs au point de rosée. According to the invention, the film of dripping water (2) on the cover (3) recovers not only the solar energy absorbed by that one, but also, in certain cases, the thermal energy released by the phenomena of condensation. due to dew point.

Lorsqu'on utilise le dispositif selon l'invention sur la couverture(3) du bâtiment que l'on désire ainsi chauffer, il est impératif de calorifuger intérieurement cette couverture afin d'éviter un recyclage onereux de 'énergie thermique. When the device according to the invention is used on the cover (3) of the building which it is thus desired to heat, it is imperative to insulate this cover internally in order to avoid costly recycling of thermal energy.

Le dispositif selon la présente invention eat wis en oeuvre de la manière suivante. The device according to the present invention is wis implemented in the following manner.

L'arête faîtière de la couverture (3) du bâtiment est équipée, sur la ou les faces exposées au soleil avec une rampe d'arrosage métallique(l) constituée d'un tube, de préférence en cuivre, muni de trous calibres répartis le long de la rampe, de manière à créer un film d'eau(2) sur la surface de la couverture exposée au soleil. The ridge edge of the roof (3) of the building is equipped, on the face (s) exposed to the sun with a metal spray bar (l) made up of a tube, preferably made of copper, with calibrated holes distributed over the along the ramp, so as to create a film of water (2) on the surface of the cover exposed to the sun.

Cette rampe (1) est alimentée par de l'eau en provenance d'une cuve(4) de stockage au moyen d'une pompe de circulation Pi. L'eau ainsi répandue uniformément au sommet de la couverture est recueillie après son écoulement par gravité, à l'air libre, par les cheneaux(5) qui la ramènent par l'intermédiaire des tuyaux de descente(6) et d'un cyclone(7)pour éliminer, si necessaire, les feuilles mortes et autres déchets à la cuve de stockage(4) généralement enterrée.Deux sondes à température sont utilisées, l'une Si est placée au faite du toit, à l'abri des eaux de ruissellement, l'autre S2 est située au fond de la cuve de stockage.(4)
En période de fonctionnement, tant qu'il existe une différence de .température positive entre la température mesurée au faite de la toiture par la sonde S1 et la température de l'eau dans la cuve de stockage(4) par la sonde S2, la pompe de circulation P1 alimente la rampe d'arrosage(l). Cette circulation automatique peut, bien entendu, être arrêtée manuellement(9) à la demande.La cuve de stockage(4) d une contenance suffisante pour absorber l'énergie thermique collectée en une journée de fonctionnement normal est équipée, en outre, d'un trop plein lui assurant un niveau constant et permettant d'éliminer les eaux de ruissellement issues des intempéries.This ramp (1) is supplied with water from a storage tank (4) by means of a circulation pump Pi. The water thus distributed uniformly at the top of the cover is collected after its flow by gravity, in the open air, by the channels (5) which bring it back via the downpipes (6) and a cyclone (7) to remove, if necessary, dead leaves and other waste at the storage tank (4) usually buried. Two temperature probes are used, one Si is placed on the roof, protected from runoff, the other S2 is located at the bottom of the storage tank. (4)
During the operating period, as long as there is a positive temperature difference between the temperature measured on the roof by the probe S1 and the temperature of the water in the storage tank (4) by the probe S2, the circulation pump P1 supplies the watering boom (l). This automatic circulation can, of course, be stopped manually (9) on demand. The storage tank (4) with a capacity sufficient to absorb the thermal energy collected in a day of normal operation is further equipped with an overflow ensuring a constant level and making it possible to eliminate runoff from bad weather.

Cette cuve de stockage(4), de préférence enterrée, sert de source chaude pour le fonctionnement d'une pompe à chaleur(8) classique, laquelle, après usage, restitue l'eau refroidie dans la cuve de stockage.(4)
Le procédé selon l'invention peut être utilisé également les journées ensoleillees des saisons froides malgré que la température de l'air extérieur soit en dessous de OOC. En effet, la couverture (3) soumise aux rayonnements solaires absorbe de l'énergie thermique qui n'est pas immédia- tement cédée à l'air atmosphérique froid ambiant, par contre, lors du ruissellement de l'eau(2)sur sa surface, cette énergie thermique absorbée est tres rapidement transférée a l'eau.This storage tank (4), preferably buried, serves as a hot source for the operation of a conventional heat pump (8), which, after use, returns the cooled water to the storage tank. (4)
The method according to the invention can also be used on sunny days in cold seasons, despite the fact that the outside air temperature is below OOC. In fact, the cover (3) subjected to solar radiation absorbs thermal energy which is not immediately transferred to the ambient cold atmospheric air, on the other hand, when the water (2) flows over its surface, this absorbed thermal energy is very quickly transferred to water.

EXEMPLE NUMéRIQUE
Conformément à la description donnée cidessus, en référence aux figures 1 à 2, on a mis en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention pour chauffer un bâtiment, couvert en tuiles plates classiques, possédant une toiture à deux pans, de pente 450, orientés l'un au Nord-Est, l'autre au
Sud-Ouest, situé dans une région de climat tempéré par 49030 de latitude
Nord. Au mois de Mars, pour l'ensemble d'une journée d'ensoleillement moyen, l'apport énergétique assuré par le rayonnement calorifique du soleil est d'environ 2500 W par mètre carré de surface exposée.Au cours d'une période de fonctionnement régulier du dispositif selon l'invention dans la journée considérée, on a mesuré sur la surface exposée de la couverture (3) (figures 1 et 2) une épaisseur d'eau moyenne de 0,8 à 1 mm, ce qui represente environ 1 litre d'eau par mètre carré de couverture. On a mesuré, en outre, un débit de 15 litres d'eau par heure et par metre carré de couverture. L'eau à la sortie de la rampe d'arrosage(l) présentait une température de 90C et elle était recueillie à 200C dans une cuve de stockage enterree(4) de 6000 litres.DIGITAL EXAMPLE
In accordance with the description given above, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 2, the method according to the invention has been implemented for heating a building, covered in conventional flat tiles, having a two-sided roof, of slope 450, oriented l 'one in the North East, the other in
Southwest, located in a temperate climate region at latitude 49030
North. In March, for an entire day of average sunshine, the energy provided by the heat of the sun is around 2500 W per square meter of exposed surface. regular of the device according to the invention in the day considered, an average water thickness of 0.8 to 1 mm was measured on the exposed surface of the cover (3) (Figures 1 and 2), which represents approximately 1 liter of water per square meter of coverage. A flow rate of 15 liters of water per hour per square meter of cover was also measured. The water at the outlet of the spraying boom (1) had a temperature of 90C and it was collected at 200C in a buried storage tank (4) of 6000 liters.

Cette différence de température de 110C représente une énergie récupérée de t92 W par mètre carré et par heure. Pour une journee complète d'ensoleillement (7 heures), l'énergie solaire ainsi récupérée est de 1340 W par mètre carré de surface exposée, soit un rendement de récupération de 53 % environ. Cette énergie thermique est ensuite utilise au chauffage du batiment par l'emploi d'une pompe à chaleur (8) classique utilisant lteau de la cuve de stockage (:)comr.e source chaude. Cette pompe à chaleur (8) est couplée, si nécessaire, à un système de chauffage classique électrique ou a combustion.(l0)
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation qu'on vient de décrire à titre d'exemple, et on peut y apporter de nombreuses variantes sans sortir du domaine de l'invention. This temperature difference of 110C represents a recovered energy of t92 W per square meter per hour. For a full day of sunshine (7 hours), the solar energy thus recovered is 1340 W per square meter of exposed surface, ie a recovery efficiency of approximately 53%. This thermal energy is then used to heat the building by the use of a conventional heat pump (8) using the water from the storage tank (:) as a hot source. This heat pump (8) is coupled, if necessary, to a conventional electric or combustion heating system. (10)
Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described by way of example, and there can be many variants without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1/ Dispositif de récupération d'énergie solaire absorbée sur ta couverture d'un1 / Device for recovering solar energy absorbed on your cover bâtiment caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une rampe (I) placée à l'arrente  building characterized in that it comprises a ramp (I) placed at the arrente faitière du toit, munie de trous calibrés de manière à créer un film d'eau (2) roof ridge, with holes calibrated so as to create a film of water (2) sur la surface de la couverture (3) exposée au soleil, ladite rampe (I) étant on the surface of the cover (3) exposed to the sun, said ramp (I) being alimentée à partir d'une cuve de stockage (4) au moyen d'une pompe de circula supplied from a storage tank (4) by means of a circulation pump tion Pi, et deux sondes de température Si et S2 pour circulation automatique tion Pi, and two temperature sensors Si and S2 for automatic circulation de l'eau.  some water. 2/ Dispositif selon la revendication I caractérisé en ce que la pompe de circula2 / Device according to claim I characterized in that the circulating pump tion Pi alimente la rampe (I) quand il existe une différence de température tion Pi feeds the ramp (I) when there is a temperature difference positive entre la température mesurée par la sonde Si au faite du toit et la positive between the temperature measured by the Si probe on the roof and the sonde S2 placée dans la cuve (4) 3/ Dispositif selon les revendications I et 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte S2 probe placed in the tank (4) 3 / Device according to claims I and 2 characterized in that it comprises une cuve de stockage (4) recevant l'eau réchauffée et fonctionnant en source a storage tank (4) receiving the heated water and operating as a source chaude d'une pompe à chaleur (8).  heat pump (8).
FR8409544A 1984-06-15 1984-06-15 SOLAR ENERGY RECOVERY DEVICE AND ITS APPLICATION TO HEATING A BUILDING Expired FR2566032B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8409544A FR2566032B1 (en) 1984-06-15 1984-06-15 SOLAR ENERGY RECOVERY DEVICE AND ITS APPLICATION TO HEATING A BUILDING

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8409544A FR2566032B1 (en) 1984-06-15 1984-06-15 SOLAR ENERGY RECOVERY DEVICE AND ITS APPLICATION TO HEATING A BUILDING

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FR2566032A1 true FR2566032A1 (en) 1985-12-20
FR2566032B1 FR2566032B1 (en) 1989-01-13

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1019482C2 (en) * 2001-12-04 2003-06-06 Microtech Nederland B V Sunscreen and cooling device for area beneath transparent sloping roof section, allows liquid to flow down slope in open air by gravity
AT412818B (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-07-25 Karl-Heinz Dipl Ing Hinrichs Heating and/or hot water heating system has heat exchanger constructed from row of segments each with feed and return collector interconnected by heat exchanger elements and washed through by cistern water
DE102020005435A1 (en) 2020-09-05 2022-03-10 Norbert Itter SYSTEM FOR AIR CONDITIONING OF BUILDINGS

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3991938A (en) * 1974-11-04 1976-11-16 Harry Borders Ramey Combination heat pump and low temperature solar heat absorber
US4052975A (en) * 1976-05-20 1977-10-11 Ceideburg John W Solar heat collector and storage system
US4102327A (en) * 1973-09-18 1978-07-25 Thomason Harry E Solar heating (cooling) system
DE2836436A1 (en) * 1978-08-19 1980-03-06 Harald Schlesier Solar heater without collector heating water directly - as it flows over roof or other surface receiving radiation
GB1580803A (en) * 1976-05-18 1980-12-03 Mcgilvray I Solar energy collector
FR2517414A1 (en) * 1981-12-02 1983-06-03 Maimi Rene Solar powered water heating installation - has receptor plate surface exposed to sun with water sprinklers on rear face

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4102327A (en) * 1973-09-18 1978-07-25 Thomason Harry E Solar heating (cooling) system
US3991938A (en) * 1974-11-04 1976-11-16 Harry Borders Ramey Combination heat pump and low temperature solar heat absorber
GB1580803A (en) * 1976-05-18 1980-12-03 Mcgilvray I Solar energy collector
US4052975A (en) * 1976-05-20 1977-10-11 Ceideburg John W Solar heat collector and storage system
DE2836436A1 (en) * 1978-08-19 1980-03-06 Harald Schlesier Solar heater without collector heating water directly - as it flows over roof or other surface receiving radiation
FR2517414A1 (en) * 1981-12-02 1983-06-03 Maimi Rene Solar powered water heating installation - has receptor plate surface exposed to sun with water sprinklers on rear face

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1019482C2 (en) * 2001-12-04 2003-06-06 Microtech Nederland B V Sunscreen and cooling device for area beneath transparent sloping roof section, allows liquid to flow down slope in open air by gravity
AT412818B (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-07-25 Karl-Heinz Dipl Ing Hinrichs Heating and/or hot water heating system has heat exchanger constructed from row of segments each with feed and return collector interconnected by heat exchanger elements and washed through by cistern water
WO2005106349A1 (en) 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Prefa Aluminium Produkte Gesmbh Heating and hot water supply unit and method for operating the same
AT505554B1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2009-02-15 Prefa Aluminium Produkte Gesmb HEATING AND WATER TREATMENT PLANT AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SUCH A
US7575047B2 (en) 2004-04-28 2009-08-18 Prefa-Aluminiumprodukte Gmbh Heating and warm water supply unit and method for operating the same
DE102020005435A1 (en) 2020-09-05 2022-03-10 Norbert Itter SYSTEM FOR AIR CONDITIONING OF BUILDINGS

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Publication number Publication date
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