FR2564275A1 - SOIL WORKING MACHINE, PARTICULARLY FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SEED BED - Google Patents

Abstract

MACHINE FOR WORKING THE SOIL, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SEED BED, INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF WORK ORGANS ARRANGED IN A ROW WHICH EXTENDS CROSS-VERSALLY IN THE DIRECTION OF ADVANCEMENT, THE SAID WORK ORGANS BEING DRIVEN IN ROTATION AROUND SENSITIVELY VERTICAL AXLES AND THE SAID MACHINE BEING EQUIPPED WITH AT LEAST ONE PLATE-SHAPED ORGAN, WHICH COOPERATES WITH AN EXTERNAL WORKING ORGAN AND WHICH, DURING OPERATION, CAN PIVOT AROUND AN AXIS, CHARACTERIZED AS THE AXLE PIVOT PIVOT 14 CAN BE PLACED IN AT LEAST TWO POSITIONS, LOCATED AT DIFFERENT HEIGHTS.

Description

The invention relates to a machine for working

  valuing the soil, especially for preparation

  a seed bed, comprising a plurality of or-

  working ganes, arranged in a row, which extends transversely to the direction of travel, said working members being driven in rotation about axes directed upwards, and said machine being equipped with at least one member in plate form, which cooperates with an external working member and which

  can during operation rotate around an axis.

  In soil working machines of this kind, very satisfactory results have been obtained in practice from the point of view of the cooperation desired between a plate-shaped member and an external working member. However, it appeared,

  that when working at very different depths

  ses, the position of the plate-shaped member can be changed so much due to its rotation around its axis of articulation that this cooperation between the plate-shaped member and the working member

exterior becomes less effective.

  The invention aims to provide per-

  keeping the effectiveness of the cooperation between the external working organ and the plate-shaped organ in case of change of depth

machine work.

  According to the invention, this is achieved, because

  that the pivot axis of the plate-shaped member

  that can be placed in height in at least two different positions. Similarly, when the working depth is changed, the position of the pivot axis of the plate-shaped member can be changed so as to restore maximum cooperation between the plate-shaped member and a working organ

outside.

  According to one aspect of the invention, it is possible

  provide an elastic mechanism, which counteracts the rotation

  tion outwardly of a plate-shaped member and whatever the position in height of the pivot axis of said member, retains the same tension. For this purpose, the elastic mechanism can also

  serve for mounting the plate-shaped member.

  By means of this construction, it is possible to obtain a rapid adjustment of the pivot axis of the plate-shaped member, while the elastic mechanism is moved at the same time as said axis, so that

  in the new position of the plate-shaped organ

  that said member is subjected to the same tension of the spring. Another aspect of the invention relates to a plate-shaped member, which can be put into at least two working positions by rotation around it.

  of its pivot axis. So when you change

  depending on the working depth, you can change the position

  tion of the plate-shaped member by rotation about its pivot axis so as to obtain a new position, in which the plate-shaped member can cooperate again as much as possible with an external working member. By plate-shaped member, it also includes members for example

  formed by bands or rods.

  Other objects and features of the in-

  vention will emerge from the description below, in

  referring to the attached drawings, which represent, by way of

  nonlimiting examples, some forms of realization

  tion of the device according to the invention. In these drawings: FIG. 1 represents a plan view of a machine for working the soil, for the preparation of a seed bed provided with a construction according to the invention; 2 shows, on a larger scale, a view along arrow II of Figure 1; Figure 3 shows a view along line III-III of Figure 2; 5. Figure 4 shows, on a larger scale, a view along arrow II of Figure 1 of a second embodiment of the invention; 5 shows a view along arrow V of Figure 4; 10. Figure 6 shows, on a larger scale, a view along arrow II of Figure 1 of a third embodiment of the invention; Figure 7 shows a view along arrow VII of Figure 6; 15. Figure 8 shows, on a larger scale, a view along arrow II of Figure 1 of a fourth embodiment of the invention; Figure 9 shows a view along arrow IX of Figure 8; 20. Figure 10 shows a view along the

  Figure 8 with a second working position of the

gane in the form of a plate.

  - The device shown in the figures is a machine for working the soil, in particular for

  preparing a seedbed.

  The machine comprises a frame in the form of a sheath 1, transverse to the direction of travel A and in which working members 2 are supported one next to the other, in a row arrangement, transversely to the direction of l advancement of the machine, said working members being driven

  around trees 3, directed upwards and preferably

vertical rence.

  The distance between the axes of rotation of gold-

  neighboring working ganes 2 is preferably about

centimeters.

  Each of the working members 2 comprises a practically horizontal carrying member 4, mounted on the end of the shaft 3 which projects under the frame 1, said member 4 carrying at its ends working elements 5 in the form of teeth which

extend down.

  The ends of the frame 1 are closed by plates 6, which extend upwards practically

  parallel to the direction of travel A of the machine.

  The plates 6 each comprise, near the front, a pin 7, around which is articulated an arm 8, which extends along the plate towards the rear. Each of the arms 8 can be adjusted in height, using a

  screw jack 9, located near the rear of the plate 6.

  Between the rear ends of the arms 8 is mounted a free rotation roller 10, with which the machine rests during operation on the ground and with which the working depth adjustment of the

  working bodies 2 can be carried out via

  diary of arms 8 and screw jacks 9. Near

  each end of chassis 1 on top of it

  a plate-shaped member 11 is articulated. The plates 11, which during operation take the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, cooperate with the external working member 2 of the row for

  scatter the earth and to distribute the scattered earth.

  Each plate 11 is situated practically parallel.

  in the sense of advancement A and takes during

  operating in a practically vertical position.

  Near the front, on their upper side, the plates 11 are connected to an arm 12, which extends obliquely

  forwards and upwards then is bent over

  dirty in the direction of travel A (Figure 1).

  The transverse part 13 of each arm 12 extends over a distance, which is practically equal to 1 1/2 times the distance between the axes of rotation of two neighboring working members 2. The part 13 of each 12 extends after a bend at right angles by a part 14 which extends in the direction of the rearward advancement and which is supported in free rotation. For this purpose, near the front and rear edges of the top of the chassis 1, supports 15 and 16 are fixed, which extend upwards. The front support 15 is U-shaped and is arranged so that

  its wings extend forward (Figures 1 and 3).

  In each of the supports 15 and 16, a series of three circular holes 17 superimposed equidistant from each other

  of the others, is practiced for the passage of the

  tie 14 of an arm 12. Near the elbow between the part 13 and the part 14, each arm is provided with an elastic mechanism 18, which, during the mounting of the part 14, is slid between the wings of the support 15, after which the rear of the part 14 is blocked by a pin 19

  passing through a bore in said part 14. The mechanism

  elastic nism 18, which forms an assembly with the part 14, acting as a pivot shaft of the arm 12 and which is also used for mounting said arm 12, comprises a pin 20, one end of which has a rounded head 21 while the other wears a cover

  22 made of elastic material, preferably rubber.

  Between the head 21 and a stop 23, a pre-stressed spring 24 surrounds the pin 20. The stop 23 can slide with a socket 25, which rests against the cover 22, against the pressure of the spring 24 on the pin 20. The socket 25 is driven by a lever 26, which extends upwards from the supported part 14 of the arm 12. For the positioning of the arm 12, the elastic mechanism 18 is inserted

  by the pin 20, between the wings of the support 15.

  The head 21 and the cover 22 rest with little play, against the respective wings of the support. This also provides good protection for

the elastic mechanism.

  In the frame 1 on each of the shafts 3 is mounted a gear 27, the gears of neighboring shafts being engaged with each other. Near the middle of the chassis, the shaft of a working member 2 is extended and extends to the inside of a

  gearbox 28, where it engages by the

  intermediate of a variable speed drive 29, located behind the box 28 with a shaft 30, which extends in the direction of advance and which projects forward outside the gearbox 28. The end, which projects from the gearbox 28, from the shaft 30 can be connected, by a deflection shaft 31, to the PTO shaft of a tractor. Near the front of the chassis 1 is fixed a coupling bracket 32 for coupling the machine to the lifting device

three points from a tractor.

  The machine described above operates as follows: During operation, the machine is coupled, using the bracket 32, to the three-point lifting device of the tractor. From the PTO shaft, via the deflection shaft 31 and from the drive described above, the neighboring working members 2 are driven in opposite directions, and work by their work 5, which extend down, overlapping strips of earth.

  As already mentioned, you can adjust the pro-

  working foundry of the working members 2 using the roller 10, which thanks to the arms 8 and to the screw jacks 9,

  can be adjusted in height with respect to chassis 1.

  During operation, the external working members 2 cooperate with the members in

  plate shape 11, which take the position shown

  felt in the figures. The earth projected towards the ex-

  térieur is therefore scattered and distributed effectively, so that it undergoes a treatment which is practically the same as between two organs of

  work 2, which cooperate with each other.

  During operation, the plate-shaped member 11 can pivot outwards against the effect of the lever 12 and of the prestressed spring 24 around the part 14 of the arm 12, said part which passes through corresponding holes 17 in the supports and 16 forming a pivot axis, all so that during operation, the member 11 can maintain the most advantageous position for effective cooperation with the working elements of the external working member and the scattering and the desired distribution of land can be obtained. When the working depth of the machine is modified, the point of rotation of a plate-shaped member 11 can be adapted in the construction described above to this change in working depth. For this, after removal of the locking pin 19 with its elastic mechanism 18, the part 14 of the arm 12 which moves in the direction of advance and which acts as a pivot axis in an opening 17 of the supports is moved. 15 and 16 and it is again blocked using the elastic mechanism 18 and the locking pin 19. In this way, that is to say by adjusting the height of the pivot axis of the arm 12 , at each change of working depth, it is possible to maintain an essentially vertical initial position of the plate-shaped member 11, which has the effect that the cooperation between the plate-shaped member and an external working member 2 remains optimal. In each of its height positions 11, the plate can move outwards as described above against the effect of the spring 24 of the elastic mechanism 18, which retains the same preload. The presence of the pre-stressed spring 24 provides such a reaction force that the plate-shaped member 11 provides sufficient resistance against lateral separation so that the effective cooperation between a working member and the plate is not adversely affected. In this embodiment, the member in

  plate shape 11 can be placed in the trans-

  port, as shown in Figure 2 by the dotted lines. For this, we remove the locking pin 19, we remove all of the part 19 of the arm 12 and the elastic mechanism 18 and we put everything back in place after a rotation over 180 '. The elastic mechanism 18 is then located below the part 14. This is of course only possible, if the part 14 is placed in an opening 17, of the respective supports 15 and 16, high enough so that there remains enough of space to insert the elastic mechanism 18 between the wings of the support 15 and the top of the case of the

machine.

  Although this is not shown, it is also possible to provide for the height adjustment of the pivot axis of the plate-shaped member 11,

  means permitting continuous adjustment.

  In FIGS. 4 and 5, an exemplary embodiment is shown, in which the plate-shaped member 11 is connected at its upper part to two arms 33 spaced from one another and which from their point of attachment have a part, which extends upwards which is extended by a part 34, which extends transversely to the direction of advancement of the machine. The ends of the arms 33 are bent at right angles to form two ends of the shaft 35 and 36, located in mutual extension, which constitute the pivot axis which extends in the direction of advance-

  of the machine, of a plate-shaped member.

  The shaft end 35 located at the front of the machine is longer than the shaft end 36 (Figure 5). They are each provided with a stop 37, and can be engaged in the corresponding openings 17 of the supports and 16. In the front shaft 35 is drilled for a locking pin 19, and an elastic mechanism 18 made in the same way so that in the previous example, and which cooperate with the support

  before 15 in the same way for mounting the or-

plate-shaped gane 11.

  In this exemplary embodiment, the rod 20

  the elastic mechanism 18 is provided at its two ends

  mites of a cover 22 of elastic material. The elastic material is here also preferably rubber. The operation of the plate-like member 11, which is arranged as shown

  in Figures 4 and 5, is the same as in the first

  mier example of achievement. In the same way, in this embodiment, the pivot axis of the plate-shaped member 11 can be placed at different heights, and the preload of the spring

24 remains constant.

  In FIGS. 6 and 7, an exemplary embodiment is shown, in which the parts, which correspond with the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, have the same numbers of

  reference. In this exemplary embodiment, sup-

  ports 15A and 16 are fixed on the top of the case 1 in the same location as in the first embodiment. These supports 15A and 16 are each provided

  of three openings 17, which are located one at

  above each other and are arranged some-

  tance from one another and in which one can engage the part 14 of the arm 12. In this embodiment, the part 14 of the arm 12 carries near the front, a tab 38 directed downwards and integral with 'a socket 39. In this socket is fixed a

  pin which opposite to the plate-shaped organ

  11, carries a cushion 40 of elastic material, preferably rubber, shown in FIG. 6, the cushion 40 being able to rest against a directed wing

towards the front of the support 15A.

  At the base of the support 15A, a fixing tab

  tion carries, opposite the plate-shaped member 11, a pin 41, around which is articulated a lever 42, which extends upwards, said lever being able to be fixed by a pin 43, in the 'one of

  two openings 44 of a tab 45 arranged in the vicinity

  swim from the upper part of the support 15A. The base of the lever 42 under the hinge pin 41, comprises a fork, in which is adjustable, an eye bolt 46, to which one end of a tension spring 47 is hooked, the other end of which is hung in a hole in a lug 48 fixed under the part 14 of the arm 12. In this embodiment, the plate-shaped member 11 is maintained during operation in its desired position using the tension spring 47 , while

  the pad 40 rests against the support 15A (Figure 6).

  When the position of the pivot axis has to be changed

  tement of the plate-shaped member 11 as a function of the change in working depth, the pin 43 is removed fixing the lever 42 which can then pivot around the pin 41 so that its base approaches the shaped member of plate 11, which relaxes the spring 47. Next, holes 17, part 14, are formed, forming the pivot axis of the arm 12 after the removal of the locking pin 19 and it is replaced in the other holes 17 of the supports 15A and 16. Then the spring 47 is tightened by blocking the lever 42 with the pin 43. The tension of the spring 47 can be modified as a function of the restoring force.

  desired by blocking the lever in a second posi-

  tion using the second hole 44 and the pin 43.

  This also makes it possible to maintain a substantially constant spring tension, when the

  position of the pivot axis of the plate 11.

  Also in this embodiment, it is therefore possible to obtain an adaptation of the plate-shaped member 11 to the depth adjustment of the machine by adjusting the pivot axis of said member, so that in the event of a change in the depth, the plate 11 takes its most effective position to cooperate with

an external working organ.

  In the embodiment shown in Figures 8 to 10, a plate-shaped member 11 is provided integral at its upper front part, with an arm, which from its point, the plate extends towards the

  high and then folded forward at a right angle.

  The front part 48A of the arm forms a trunnion

  pouring a support 49 on which it is fixed at the front by a locking pin 50A. Behind the

  support 49, the pin 48A is integral with a plate

  than 50, which widens towards the middle of the machine. The other end of the support 49 is fixed on an axis 51, which extends in the direction of advancement

  and which is rotatably supported in three-legged

  gular 52, mounted near the front and rear edges of the top of the housing 1. Right in front of the front triangular support 52, the axis 51 carries a tab 53, which extends upwards and whose free end carries a pad 54 made of elastic material, for example rubber, the whole so that only in case

  of rotation of the support 49 about 120, the sewing

  sinet 54 comes to rest on top of the boot 1.

  At the front, at the edge of the plate 50 directed towards the middle of the machine, the support 49 is provided with a stirrup 55, for a pin 56, subjected to

  the effect of a 55A spring and provided with a trans-

  versale 56. The pin 56 passes through an opening in the support 49. Under the effect of spring A, it can be selectively placed in one of two holes 57 and 58, one arranged above the other, in the plate 50. Above the holes 57 and 58, the plate 50 carries a roof-shaped stop 59, which

  cooperates with a pad 60, preferably made of rubber

  chouc, attached to the top of the housing 1. The base of the bracket. 55 carries a hook-shaped piece 61

  for fixing one end of a drawing spring

  tion 62 fixed by its other end to a support, which is at the front of the boot 1 and which is not shown in more detail. Thanks to the pin 56, mounted elastically and to the holes 57 and 58 in the plate 50, the plate-shaped member 11 can be adjusted according to two different positions by rotation around the pivot axis formed by the pin 48A, this which allows the plate-like organ to

  keep its optimal working position for different

  machine working depths. On the

  FIG. 8, the plate-shaped member 11 is shown

  felt in its lowest position. The pin 56 is located in the upper opening 57 of the plate 50 and during operation, the roof-shaped stop 59 at the rear of the plate rests on the pad 60, on the top of the housing 1. The spring traction 62 provides the member 11 with a sufficient return force for effective cooperation with the external working member. If you want to work deeper, you pull the pin 56 against the effect of the spring 55A and then put it in the lower hole 57. The plate 50 and thus the plate-shaped member 11 then rotate around the pin 48A and comes into its position shown in FIG. 10, the member in the form of

  plate again in practically vertical position

  wedge, that is to say in the most advantageous position in the case of deeper tillage. The lower opening 57 in the plate 50 has a diameter such that the pin 56 can pass through it and thus serve as a stop while coming to rest during operation on

the pad 60.

  If we want to put the organ in the form of a plate

  11 in the transport position, the assembly is tilted

  ble until the cushion 54 comes to rest on the top of the housing, the assembly being held in this position by the tension spring 62 and 47

  for the example of embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7.

Claims (24)

  1 machine for working the soil, in part   culier for the preparation of a seed bed, comprising a plurality of working members arranged in a row, which extends transversely to the direction of advancement, said working members being   rotated around axes substantially ver-   tical and said machine being equipped with at least one plate-shaped member, which cooperates with a member   outside work and who can during operation-   pivot about an axis, characterized in that the pivot axis (14) can be placed in at least   two positions, located at different heights.   2. machine for working the soil according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate-shaped member (11) can pivot against the force of a spring and in that an elastic mechanism is provided (18) which for each position of the pivot axis can retain practically the same restoring force.   3. Machine for working the soil, in particular   culier for the preparation of a seed bed,   comprising a plurality of working members, available   sés in a row, which extends transversely to the direction of advancement, said working members being driven in rotation about substantially vertical axes, said machine being equipped with at least one plate-shaped member, which cooperates with an organ   outside work and who can during operation   elastically pivot about an axis, characteristic   laughed at in that it comprises an elastic mechanism (18) which forms a removable assembly in one piece   with the plate-like member (11).   4. Machine for working the soil according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the elastic mechanism (18) is also used for mounting   of the plate-like member (11) on the machine.   5. Machine for working the soil according to one   any of the preceding claims, characterized   in that the pivot axis (14) extends practically in the direction of advancement of the machine and is located higher than the part of the frame (1), which   supports the working parts (2).   6. Machine for working the soil, in particular   culier for the preparation of a seed bed,   as a plurality of working members arranged in a row, which extends transversely to the direction of advancement, said working members being able to be driven in rotation about substantially vertical axes, said machine being equipped with at least one plate-shaped member, which cooperates with an external working member and which can pivot about an axis, which extends in the direction of advancement of the machine, characterized in that the plate-shaped member (11) can be put in at least two positions   working by rotation about the axis (14).   7. Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that   that it comprises at least one support (15), relative to which the pivot axis (14) can be set and fixed in several positions.   8. machine for working the soil according to claim 7, characterized in that on the housing (1), which supports the working members (2), are mounted two supports (15, 16) which are located one behind the 'other and which are provided with openings (17), which correspond with each other and are located one above the other, to receive the axis of pivot (14).   9. Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 2 to 8, characterized in   that the elastic mechanism (18) forms an assembly with the pivot axis (14) and can cooperate with a support (15) for mounting the shaped member of plate (11).   10. machine for working the soil according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the front support (15) is U-shaped with wings, which   extend forward and between which the mechanism   elastic nism (18) can be mounted with little play and in that the pivot axis is blocked by   a pin relative to the rear support (16).   11. machine for working the soil according to claim 10, characterized in that the elastic mechanism (18) comprises a pin (20) which extends practically in the horizontal direction and which is mounted with a small clearance between the wings of the support (15), the pin rod (21) being surrounded by a spring (24) against which a sleeve (25) can slide guided by the pin rod (21), said sleeve (25) being integral one arm (12)   attached to the plate-like member (11).   12. machine for working the soil according to claim 11, characterized in that the sliding bush (25) is directed towards the shaped member   plate (11) and on this side carries a tip made of material elastic line (22).   13. Machine for working the soil according to   any one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the pivot axis (14) consists of a part, which extends in the direction of advancement of the arm (12) carrying the shaped member   of plate (11) and in that said part is extended   managed by a part which extends transversely to the direction of travel and in plan view is located in front of the chassis (1).   14. Machine for working the soil according to one   any of the preceding claims, provided   that they depend on claim 1, characterized in that the pivot axis (14) is formed by a part which extends in the direction of advancement of an arm (12) carrying the shaped member of plate (11), said part connecting at the front to a part   (13), which extends transversely in the direction of the advance-   and which is connected, using a drawing spring   tion (47) to a tilting lever (42) locked when   the plate-shaped member is in the working position.   15. machine for working the soil according to claim 14, characterized in that the lever (42) can pivot around an axis (41), which extends in the direction of advance, so that the tension spring (47) can be released to adjust the position of the pivot axis (14) of the member in the form of a plate (11).   16. Machine for working the soil according to the   claim 15, characterized in that the pivot axis   The plate-shaped member (11) (14) is placed near one end of the frame (1) which carries working bodies (2).   17. Machine for working the soil according to claim 16, characterized in that the pivot axis (48A) of the plate-shaped member (11) is mounted on a support (49) transverse to the direction of advancement , said support (49) itself being mounted for rotation about an axis (51) which extends in the direction of advance and which is fixed on the above the chassis (1).   18. machine for working the soil according to claim 17, characterized in that the plate-shaped member (11) is mounted on an arm (48A) which can pivot relative to the support (49) and can be fixed in at minus two different positions by report to said support (49).   19. Machine for working the soil according to claim 18, characterized in that at the front, the arm (48A) carries a plate (50) which can move along the support (49) and in which one has disposed   openings (57, 58) into which one can intro   draw a pin (56) through an opening in the support (49).   20. machine for working the soil according to claim 19, characterized in that the lower opening (57) of the plate (50) has a larger diameter than the upper opening (58), so that   the pin (56) can pass through the lower opening   (57) and serve as a stop to delimit a displacement   cementing down the plate-like member (11).   21. machine for working the soil according to claim 20, characterized in that the pin (56) can cooperate with a pad (60) made of material   elastic, fixed on top of the frame (1).   22. Machine for working the soil according to one   any of claims 17 to 21, characterized in   that the axis (51) around which the support (49) can rotate, is at a distance from the end of the frame (1), which is substantially equal to the other axis   between the two neighboring working members (2).   23. Machine for working the soil according to one   claims 17 to 22, characterized in that between   the support (49) and the frame (1) which carries the members   working (2), is arranged a tension spring (62).   24. machine for working the soil according to claim 23, characterized in that the tension spring (62) extends transversely in the direction of   the advancement and is located lower than the axis of pivo-   tement (48A) around which the plate-shaped organ that (1) can be set.