FR2553808A1 - Structural element having integrated acoustic absorption - Google Patents

Structural element having integrated acoustic absorption Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2553808A1
FR2553808A1 FR8317356A FR8317356A FR2553808A1 FR 2553808 A1 FR2553808 A1 FR 2553808A1 FR 8317356 A FR8317356 A FR 8317356A FR 8317356 A FR8317356 A FR 8317356A FR 2553808 A1 FR2553808 A1 FR 2553808A1
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Prior art keywords
slot
shell
construction element
element according
facing
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Granted
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FR8317356A
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French (fr)
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FR2553808B1 (en
Inventor
Raymond Emile Henri Suchet
Bernard Marcel Louis Cavelier
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SOCEA BALENCY SOBEA
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SOCEA BALENCY SOBEA
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Priority to FR8317356A priority Critical patent/FR2553808B1/en
Publication of FR2553808A1 publication Critical patent/FR2553808A1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/8404Sound-absorbing elements block-shaped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/8485Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element the opening being restricted, e.g. forming Helmoltz resonators
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element
    • E04B2001/849Groove or slot type openings

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The structural element according to the invention is of the type constituted by a masonry wall having a facing element 2 directed towards the source of sound and comprising at least one acoustic absorber forming a slot resonator which itself consists of a longitudinal internal cavity 3 which extends parallel to the facing element 2 and which communicates via the exterior by means of a longitudinal slot, the slot 4 of the resonator having a trapezoidal cross-section whose large base is coplanar with the facing element 2 and the internal cavity 3 having a semi-cylindrical shape whose plane face contains the small base of the slot 4. Application to the construction of walls, floors or ceilings.

Description

La presente invention est relative à un élément de construction à
absorption acoustique intégrée ; plus particulièrement, elle concerne
un élément de gros oeuvre comportant un ou plusieurs dispositifs d'absorption acoustique munis de resonateurs à fente.
The present invention relates to a construction element with
integrated sound absorption; more particularly, it concerns
a structural element comprising one or more sound absorption devices provided with slotted resonators.

On connait un panneau d'absorption acoustique présentant plusieurs chambres de grande longueur disposées parallèlement à sa surface, qui s'étendent entre les extrémités opposées du panneau et sont parallèles les unes aux autres. Chaque chambre comporte dans sa paroi de limitation une longue ouverture communiquant avec une fente s'étendant jusqu'à une face du panneau. Les chambres et les fentes se comportent comme des résonateurs de Helmholtz, qui absorbent le son. A sound absorption panel is known having several very long chambers arranged parallel to its surface, which extend between the opposite ends of the panel and are parallel to each other. Each chamber has in its limiting wall a long opening communicating with a slot extending to one face of the panel. The chambers and slots behave like Helmholtz resonators, which absorb sound.

Toutefois, les panneaux de ce type ne permettent d'obtenir énéralement qu'une absorption acoustique trés sélective car il n'y a quasiment aucun étalement de la fréquence absorbee. Si, de plus, les volumes des chambres de résonance sont de faibles dimensions, les fréquences absorbées se situent essentiellement dans la gamme des aiguës. Enfin, ces dispositifs d'absorption sont souvent disposé dans des panneaux qui ne constituent que des éléments d'habillage rajoutes a une structure pré-existante, si bien qu'ils ne contribuent pas par eux-mêmes à l'isolation acoustique des locaux. However, the panels of this type generally only allow very selective acoustic absorption because there is almost no spreading of the absorbed frequency. If, in addition, the volumes of the resonance chambers are small, the frequencies absorbed are essentially in the range of trebles. Finally, these absorption devices are often arranged in panels which only constitute covering elements added to a pre-existing structure, so that they do not by themselves contribute to the acoustic insulation of the premises.

La présente invention remedie à ces inconvénients. Elle a pour objet un élément de construction à absorption acoustique intégrée, du type constitué par une paroi de maçonnerie présentant un parement dirigé vers une source sonore et comprenant au moins un absorbeur acoustique formant resonateur à fente, lui-même constitué d'une cavité interne longitudinale qui s'étend parallèlement au parement et qui communique avec l'extérieur au moyen d'une fente longitudinale, caractérisé en ce que la fente du résonateur a une section trapézoTdale dont la grande base est coplanaire avec le parement et que la cavité interne a une forme hémicylindrique dont la face plane contient la petite base de la fente. The present invention remedies these drawbacks. It relates to a building element with integrated sound absorption, of the type constituted by a masonry wall having a facing directed towards a sound source and comprising at least one sound absorber forming a slotted resonator, itself made up of an internal cavity. longitudinal which extends parallel to the facing and which communicates with the outside by means of a longitudinal slot, characterized in that the resonator slot has a trapezoidal section whose large base is coplanar with the facing and that the internal cavity has a semi-cylindrical shape whose flat face contains the small base of the slit.

Grâce à ce dispositif, on obtient un bon étalement du spectre d'absorption des sons avec diminution de leur temps de réverbération dans un local. De plus, ces éléments de construction participent à l'isolation acoustique. Thanks to this device, a good spreading of the sound absorption spectrum is obtained with reduction of their reverberation time in a room. In addition, these construction elements participate in sound insulation.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre, et en regard des dessins annexés, donnes uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, sur lesquels - la Fig. 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un élément de
construction suivant l'invention ; - la Fig. 2 est une vue en coupe d'une variante de réalisation de
l'élément de la Fig. 1 - la Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe d'une autre variante de réalisation
de l'élément de la Fig. 1.
Other characteristics and advantages will appear during the description which follows, and with reference to the appended drawings, given only by way of nonlimiting examples, in which - FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an element of
construction according to the invention; - Fig. 2 is a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of
the element of FIG. 1 - Fig. 3 is a sectional view of another alternative embodiment
of the element of FIG. 1.

Comme représenté à la Fig. 1, l'élément de construction suivant l'invention est constitué par une paroi de maçonnerie 1, réalisée par moulage d'une matière durcissable telle que du béton et présentant un parement 2 dirigé vers la source sonore. A l'intérieur de la paroi 1 est menagée au moins une cavité interne longitudinale 3 s'étendant parallèlement au parement 2 de la paroi, et ne débouchant vers l'extérieur que par l'intermédiaire d'une fente longitudinale 4, de même longueur ou non que la cavité 3. La fente 4 a des parois qui s'évasent vers l'extérieur et sa section est de préférence trapézodale, la grande base du trapèze étant coplanaire avec le parement 2.La cavité 3 est de forme hémicylindrique, avec une face plane 3a qui contient la petite base de la fente 4 et une partie cylindrique qui est revêtue d'une matière fibreuse en forme de demicoquille 5, reposant sur la partie plane 3a et ayant même longueur que la cavite 3. Le diamètre du cylindre est supérieur à la largeur de la fente 4 et il est determiné en fonction de la fréquence absorbée. A cet effet, si G désigne la conductivité de la fente ou col du résonateur, f la fréquence de résonance, Vo le volume du résonateuret
C une constante, on a la relation

Figure img00020001
As shown in Fig. 1, the building element according to the invention consists of a masonry wall 1, produced by molding a hardenable material such as concrete and having a facing 2 directed towards the sound source. Inside the wall 1 is provided at least one longitudinal internal cavity 3 extending parallel to the facing 2 of the wall, and opening outwards only through a longitudinal slot 4, of the same length or not that the cavity 3. The slot 4 has walls which flare outwards and its section is preferably trapezoidal, the large base of the trapezoid being coplanar with the facing 2.The cavity 3 is of semi-cylindrical shape, with a flat face 3a which contains the small base of the slot 4 and a cylindrical part which is coated with a fibrous material in the form of a half-shell 5, resting on the flat part 3a and having the same length as the cavity 3. The diameter of the cylinder is greater than the width of the slot 4 and is determined as a function of the frequency absorbed. For this purpose, if G designates the conductivity of the slit or neck of the resonator, f the resonant frequency, Vo the volume of the resonator and
C a constant, we have the relation
Figure img00020001

La matière fibreuse est constituee d'un matériau absorbant, tel que la laine minérale, de verre ou de roche. En général, l'épaisseur des demi-coquilles est sans grande importance sur les fréquences absorbées.Par contre, il peut etre nécessaire de modifier leur structure en fonction du niveau desdites fréquences. C'est ainsi que, si une demi-coquille homogène comme celle décrite ci-dessus convient bien à des fréquences de l'ordre de 500 Hz, il est préférable lorsque ces dernières s'élèvent, de subdiviser la demi-coquille, en plusieurs éléments à surface externe circulaire. Dans le cas où elles atteignent par exemple 700 Hz, on subdivise la demi-coquille 5 en deux parties égales 6, 7 chacune ayant la forme d'un quart de cercle, et dont la surface de contact est contenue dans un plan P qui passe par la fente 4 comme représenté à la Fig. 2. The fibrous material consists of an absorbent material, such as mineral wool, glass or rock. In general, the thickness of the half-shells is of no great importance on the frequencies absorbed. On the other hand, it may be necessary to modify their structure according to the level of said frequencies. Thus, if a homogeneous half-shell like that described above is well suited to frequencies of the order of 500 Hz, it is preferable when the latter rise, to subdivide the half-shell, into several elements with circular external surface. In the case where they reach for example 700 Hz, the half-shell 5 is subdivided into two equal parts 6, 7 each having the shape of a quarter of a circle, and the contact surface of which is contained in a plane P which passes through the slot 4 as shown in FIG. 2.

La réalisation de la paroi s'obtient très simplement, par moulage en coulant d'abord du béton autour d'un noyau amovible correspondant au volume de la fente 4, de forme prismatique à section trapêzoîdale et de même épaisseur que ladite fente. Après la prise du beton, on met en place au-dessous de la fente une demi-coquille-posée sur son plan diametral ; la fente et la demi-coquille présentent leur longueur parallèlement à la plus grande dimension de l'élément de construction qui peut etre une prédalle. On coule alors à nouveau du beton autour de la coquille 5, dont la forme en voûte permet de se passer d'un étayage. Lorsque la prédalle comporte plusieurs resonateurs à fente, ceux-ci sont disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres. The realization of the wall is obtained very simply, by molding by first pouring concrete around a removable core corresponding to the volume of the slot 4, of prismatic shape with trapezoidal section and of the same thickness as said slot. After setting the concrete, a half-shell placed on its diametral plane is placed below the slot; the slot and the half-shell have their length parallel to the largest dimension of the building element which can be a pre-slab. Concrete is then poured again around the shell 5, the arched shape of which makes it possible to dispense with shoring. When the pre-slab has several slot resonators, these are arranged parallel to each other.

Suivant la variante de realisation représentée à la Fig. 3, la cavité 3 est toujours revêtue d'une demi-coquille 5 en materiau fibreux, mais cette dernière est protégée au droit de la fente par un élément longitudinal 8 dont la section par un plan perpendiculaire à la paroi 1 a une forme d'anse, dont le fond 9 est fixé à la paroi 1 par tout moyen d'accrochage de type connu, à travers la demi-coquille 5 et dont l'ouverture plus etroite 10 est dirigee vers la fente 4. According to the variant embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the cavity 3 is always coated with a half-shell 5 of fibrous material, but the latter is protected in line with the slot by a longitudinal element 8, the section of which by a plane perpendicular to the wall 1 has a shape of handle, the bottom 9 of which is fixed to the wall 1 by any known type of hooking means, through the half-shell 5 and the narrower opening 10 of which is directed towards the slot 4.

L'élément 8 est constitué par exemple d'un profilé métallique ou plastique, de même longueur que la demi-coquille 5. L'ensemble dt la cavité 3 revêtue de la demi-coquille et de l'élément 8 forme ainsi un double resonateur, particulièrement adapté à l'utilisation en extérieur, par exemple pour absorber le bruît provoqué par la circulation routière ou ferroviaire. De plus, l'élément longitudinal 8 joue également dans ce cas un rôle de protection mécanique de la demicoquille 5 a l'égard d'éventuelles projections d'eau.The element 8 consists for example of a metal or plastic profile, the same length as the half-shell 5. The assembly of the cavity 3 coated with the half-shell and the element 8 thus forms a double resonator , particularly suitable for outdoor use, for example to absorb the noise caused by road or rail traffic. In addition, the longitudinal element 8 also plays in this case a mechanical protection role of the half-shell 5 with respect to possible splashes of water.

L'élément de construction suivant l'invention peut constituer des murs, des plafonds ou des planchers. Dans ce dernier cas, l'ouverture des fentes est recouverte d'un caillebotis, puis d'une épaisseur de métal deployé à mailles fines et d'une couche de finition poreuse, de manière à permettre la circulation des personnes sans dommage pour les résonateurs à fente qui peuvent être disposés parallèlement entre eux et dont le nombre varie en fonction des dimensions des éléments de plancher.  The building element according to the invention can constitute walls, ceilings or floors. In the latter case, the opening of the slots is covered with a grating, then with a thickness of expanded metal with fine mesh and a porous finishing layer, so as to allow the movement of people without damage to the resonators. slot which can be arranged parallel to each other and the number of which varies according to the dimensions of the floor elements.

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIONS 1.- élément de construction à absorption acoustique intégrée du type constitué par une paroi de maçonnerie (1) présentant un parement (2) dirigé vers une source sonore et comprenant au moins un absorbeur acoustique formant résonateur à fente lui-même constitué d'une cavité interne longitudinale (3) qui s'étend parallèlement au parement (2) et qui communique avec l'extérieur au moyen d'une fente longitudinale (4), caractérisé en ce que la fente (4) du résonateur a une section trapézoadale, dont la grande base est coplanaire avec le parement (2) et que la cavité interne (3) a une forme hémicylindrique dont la face plane contient la petite base de la fente (4). 1.- building element with integrated sound absorption of the type constituted by a masonry wall (1) having a facing (2) directed towards a sound source and comprising at least one sound absorber forming a slot resonator itself consisting of a longitudinal internal cavity (3) which extends parallel to the facing (2) and which communicates with the outside by means of a longitudinal slot (4), characterized in that the slot (4) of the resonator has a trapezoidal section, whose large base is coplanar with the facing (2) and that the internal cavity (3) has a semi-cylindrical shape whose flat face contains the small base of the slot (4). 2.- Elément de construction suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la cavité interne (3) est revêtue dans sa partie cylindrique d'une matiere fibreuse en forme de demi-coquille (5). 2. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal cavity (3) is coated in its cylindrical part with a fibrous material in the form of a half-shell (5). 3.- Elément de construction suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la demi-coquille (5) a même longueur que la cavité (3). 3.- construction element according to claim 2, characterized in that the half-shell (5) has the same length as the cavity (3). 4.- Elément de construction suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la demi-coquille est subdivisée en plusieurs éléments (6,7) à surface externe circulaire. 4. Construction element according to claim 2, characterized in that the half-shell is subdivided into several elements (6,7) with circular external surface. 5.- Elément de construction suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre de la cavité hémicylindrique (3) est supérieur à la largeur de la fente (4). 5.- construction element according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter of the semi-cylindrical cavity (3) is greater than the width of the slot (4). 6.- Elément de construction suivant l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la demi-coquille (5) est protégée au droit de la fente (4) par un profilé (8) en forme d'anse dont le fond est fixé à la paroi (1) à travers la demi-coquille (5) et dont l'ouverture (10) est dirigee vers la fente (4). 6.- Construction element according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the half-shell (5) is protected at the level of the slot (4) by a profile (8) in the shape of a handle, the bottom is fixed to the wall (1) through the half-shell (5) and whose opening (10) is directed towards the slot (4). 7.- élément de construction suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la longueur du profilé (8) en forme d'anse est identique à celle de la demi-coquille (5). 7.- construction element according to claim 6, characterized in that the length of the profile (8) in the shape of a handle is identical to that of the half-shell (5). 8.- Elément de construction suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la fente (4) et la demi-coquille (5) présentent leur longueur parallèlement à la plus grande dimension dudit élément de construction.  8.- Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the slot (4) and the half-shell (5) have their length parallel to the largest dimension of said construction element. 9.- Elément de construction suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que lorsque celui-ci comporte plusieurs résonateurs à fente, ceux-ci sont disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres.  9. Construction element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that when the latter comprises several slot resonators, these are arranged parallel to each other.
FR8317356A 1983-10-25 1983-10-25 BUILDING ELEMENT WITH INTEGRATED SOUND ABSORPTION Expired FR2553808B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8317356A FR2553808B1 (en) 1983-10-25 1983-10-25 BUILDING ELEMENT WITH INTEGRATED SOUND ABSORPTION

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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FR2553808A1 true FR2553808A1 (en) 1985-04-26
FR2553808B1 FR2553808B1 (en) 1986-11-21

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2624640A1 (en) * 1987-12-15 1989-06-16 Baflex Resonator for acoustic correction of a room and wall making application thereof
FR2772963A1 (en) * 1997-12-23 1999-06-25 Gilles Giora NOISE STRUCTURE WITH BODY OF ABSORBENT POROUS MATERIAL
DE102010025445A1 (en) * 2010-02-13 2011-08-18 Bühler, Armin, 87733 Sound absorbing structure

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3269484A (en) * 1963-09-24 1966-08-30 Lighter Stephen Acoustic absorbing structure
US3506089A (en) * 1968-10-25 1970-04-14 Cambridge Acoustical Associate Sound absorptive structural block
FR2257123A1 (en) * 1974-01-04 1975-08-01 Junger Miguel
FR2434450A1 (en) * 1978-07-25 1980-03-21 Weltin Optac SOUND ABSORPTION DEVICE
FR2512088A1 (en) * 1981-08-28 1983-03-04 Prefabricate Beto Intreprinder Prefabricated sound-absorbent panel - has aerated concrete body with meshwork core containing mineral wool packet

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3269484A (en) * 1963-09-24 1966-08-30 Lighter Stephen Acoustic absorbing structure
US3506089A (en) * 1968-10-25 1970-04-14 Cambridge Acoustical Associate Sound absorptive structural block
FR2257123A1 (en) * 1974-01-04 1975-08-01 Junger Miguel
FR2434450A1 (en) * 1978-07-25 1980-03-21 Weltin Optac SOUND ABSORPTION DEVICE
FR2512088A1 (en) * 1981-08-28 1983-03-04 Prefabricate Beto Intreprinder Prefabricated sound-absorbent panel - has aerated concrete body with meshwork core containing mineral wool packet

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2624640A1 (en) * 1987-12-15 1989-06-16 Baflex Resonator for acoustic correction of a room and wall making application thereof
FR2772963A1 (en) * 1997-12-23 1999-06-25 Gilles Giora NOISE STRUCTURE WITH BODY OF ABSORBENT POROUS MATERIAL
EP0926656A1 (en) * 1997-12-23 1999-06-30 Gilles Giora Sound-insulating structure with body containing absorbant porous material
DE102010025445A1 (en) * 2010-02-13 2011-08-18 Bühler, Armin, 87733 Sound absorbing structure

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FR2553808B1 (en) 1986-11-21

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