FR2535044A1 - REACTION MASS FOR ARMS WITHOUT BACK - Google Patents

Abstract

A. REACTION MASS FOR NON-RECOIL WEAPONS. B. MASS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THE EXTINGUISHING IS CALCULATED TO BE DELAYED BY AT LEAST ONE SECOND REACTION MASS 12 CONSTITUTED BY SOLID PARTICLES, AND CAPABLE OF BEING DISPERSED BY POWDER GAS, THIS SECOND REACTION MASS BEING PLACED BETWEEN THE PROPULSIVE CHARGE 5 AND THE LIQUID MASS 11. C. THE INVENTION CONCERNS A REACTION MASS FOR NON-RECOILING WEAPONS.

Description

The Reaction Mass for Recoilless Weapons The invention relates to a

  reaction mass for recoilless weapons This reaction mass consists of at least one liquid mass intended to be placed at the rear.

  the propulsive charge of the projectile

  to be ejected at the same time as the firing of the projectile

  the front, this liquid mass being able to be dispersed

  by the combustion gases of the powder forming the

  propulsive age, which contributes to the extinction of

these powder gases.

  To get rid of firearms 9

  it is conventional to place an additional powder charge

  shut up behind the projectile and allow

  to escape backwards through an escape nozzle.

  This produces a momentum (mass x speed) directed towards the rear, and can be calculated to be 8 equal to the amount of movement of the projectile going forward. However, a "rear-discharge" weapon "of this type does not allow the firing of projectiles of large caliber, because it produces behind the weapon a very high

  pressure that could be dangerous for the shooter.

  To increase the amount of movement

  By thus allowing an increase in the mass of the projectile without producing an excessively high pressure behind the weapon, it has become conventional in recent years to place what is called a mass of reaction.

  behind the projectile, this mass of reaction being

  The reaction mass is designed to be vaporized or sprayed into harmless dust behind the azrme. It has been found that the reaction mass is discharged from the rear of the barrel when the projectile is fired. the pressure on the back of such a weapon

  was relatively weak and knew danger for the shooter.

  Another advantage of reactive mass weapons

  compared to rear-discharge weapons, is the

  Considerable duction of the rear flame The position of the reaction mass weapons is therefore much more difficult

to locate.

  In order to obtain a suitable extinguishing of the rear-discharging powder gases, the reaction mass is most often in the form of a liquid consti tuted in general by saline. It has however been found that the liquid used is in

  conventional reaction mass weapons caused much

  too much t 8 t the extinction of the powder gases It has sometimes resulted in projections of liquid towards the front

  in the loading chamber, which disrupts the function

the weapon.

  The main purpose of the in-vention is to mitigate

  these disadvantages by creating a mass of reaction to

  both to extinguish later the powder gases discharging towards the rear, this extinction being more effective, from the internal ballistic point of view, than that obtained by means

  conventional liquid reaction masses.

  For this purpose, the invention relates to a reaction mass for recoilless weapons, comprising at least one mass of liquid intended to be placed behind a load.

  propulsion of the weapon's projectile, this mass of

  to be ejected towards the rear of the weapon, exactly

  at the same time that the projectile is pulled forward, 3.- this mass of liquid being able to be dispersed by the powder gases of the propellant charge by contributing

  thus to the extinction of these powder gases, mass of reac-

  characterized in that the quench is calculated to be retarded by at least a second reaction mass consisting of solid particles, and capable of being dispersed by the powder gases, this second reaction mass being placed between the propellant charge and the

liquid mass.

  The invention will be described in detail by means of the accompanying drawings in which

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section

  dinal, a side view of the rear part of a weapon

  recoil equipped with a preferred form of reaction mass

  According to the invention, FIGS. 2 to 4 show, in schematic form, three embodiments of a reaction mass according to the invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the rear part of an anti-tank weapon equipped with a cannon 1 in

  which is introduced, in the loading position, a

  conventional jectile 2 (part of which is shown here) having a belt 3 and a cartridge 4 containing a propellant charge in the form of a powder charge 5 The anti-tank weapon also comprises

  a cylinder head 6 in which is placed a mass of reaction

  according to the invention, identified generally

by reference 7.

  The firing direction of the weapon is indicated by an arrow at the top of Figure 1 In accordance with the rules of international patents stipulating that

  drawings must appear in vertical format the weapon anti-

  char is shown pointing upwards in Figure 1,

  while in normal service, when supported

  The weapon is normally pointed 4.horizontalally to compare the reaction mass of Figure 1 with the reaction masses of Figures 2 to 4, so it is necessary to turn the sheet of the drawing of the figure.

  1 to bring it in horizontal format so that the

  jectile 2 pointing upwards in Figure 1, either

pointing to the left.

  The anti-tank weapon comprises, in a conventional manner

  that a handle 8 to open (by unscrewing)

  or to close the breech 6 to be able to introduce the

  jectile 2 fitted, cartridge 4 and the reaction mass

7, in the barrel 1 and the bolt 6.

  The base of the projectile 2 is made,

  class, in the form of a bottom plate 9 which

  bursts when a predetermined gas pressure is reached

  inside the cartridge 4.

  The reaction mass 7 consists of a

  on the other hand, by a rear reaction mass

  keeping in the sense of firing the weapon), presenting itself

  the shape of a plastic envelope 10, of

  completely filled with a liquid 11, such as, for example, a saline solution with a density greater than 1 kg / dm 3 and of the order of 1.25 to 1.5 kg / dm 3 for example, and, d on the other hand, by a front reaction mass element in the form of a material envelope

  plastic, preferably completely filled with

  12, such as grit and, preferably, steel grit. The density of the particles 12 should preferably be several times greater than the density.

of the liquid mass 10.

  The envelopes 10 and 13 are enclosed in a common cartridge 14, preferably made of aluminum lined internally with Teflon. The front part of the cartridge 14, that is to say the part facing the projectile 2, is closed in a sealed manner by a curved steel wall 15 whose convex side is turned towards the mass envelope of e. reaction before 13 A pressure distribution layer

  16 of cellular plastic material is placed between the

  15 and the reaction mass envelope 13 o A similar pressure distribution layer 17 is placed between the reaction mass envelopes 10 and 13 o The edge of the cartridge 14 facing the

  The steel wall 15 is expanded to form an annular collar.

  18 which, with the annular flange 19 of a pressure absorbing ring 20 sappaptant against the cartridge 149 is housed in a U-shaped curved front edge 21 of the deacier wall 150 This arrangement makes it possible to ensure that the cartridge 14 and the wall 15 are s Pap = puyer strongly against the cartridge 4 of the projectile

  that the cylinder head 6 is closed, This clamping function

  It can be strengthened by making the ring 20 narrower towards the rear by forming a conical pressure-absorbing surface 22 on which the gases of the powder charge 5 must exert pressure.

  the rear wall of the cartridge 14 is ar-

  rounded sphere shape and a half of fracture marks

  23 in the form of ares of a circle.

  When firing the anti-tank weapon the

  5 is ignited in the conventional manner (not shown here) in the cartridge 4 of the projectile, when a certain pressure is reached inside the cartridge 4 P the release resistance of the belt 3 is

  surmounted so that the projectile 2 is ejecto

  9 has a simultaneous burst so that the powder gases are also ejected towards the rear wall, in the direction of the wall 15 which in turn bursts, and penetrates into the layer of cellular plastics material 16 The layer 16 covers the wall 159 when it breaks out, to break into

  the reaction mass envelope 13, and distributes the pressure

  gas flow over the entire front wall of lenves

loppe 13 facing towards the wall 15.

  Due to the pressure exerted on the reaction mass by the powder gases, the rear wall of the cartridge 14 splits along the fracture marks 239 so that the reaction mass envelopes 10 and 13 can exit. At this stage, the reaction mass envelope 13 initially propels the reaction mass envelope in front of it in the manner of a shoe.

  10, however, the wall of the enve-

  plastic matte sheets 10 and 13 are destroyed when the particles 12 break the layer of

  cellular plastic material 17 and mix with the

  quide 11 to extinguish the powder gases, the set

  The process described here is devastated very radically.

  Accordingly, the quenching is substantially complete before the reaction mass has left the cylinder head 6. A number of alternative positions of relative position between the liquid and the particles of the reaction mass can be used while remaining within the scope of the invention, a number of examples of

  these variants of relative positions are illustrated schematically

  FIGS. 2 to 4 show longitudinal sections of the reaction mass. In these figures,

  the firing direction of the projectile is marked by a

  In addition, the wide hatch portions of Figures 2 to 4 represent the liquid while the tighter hatch portions represent the particles, the dashed portions representing a mixture of particles and liquid. In FIG. 2, the reaction mass thus consists of a rear part of liquid, of a part

  before particles, and an intermediate part containing

  The liquid in the intermediate portion should preferably be viscous and be, for example, in the form of a gel, so as to ensure that the particles remain uniformly distributed. in all the liquid, the liquid of the rear part of the envelope may, in this case, consist of either a saline solution or the like, as in

  embodiment of FIG. 1, either by a screw gel or

  the same kind as that of the intermediate part

of Figure 2.

  In FIG. 39 the liquid is contained in a number of plastic ampoules embedded in the particle part. In this embodiment, it is important that the particles and the liquid are distributed as evenly as possible over the entire section of the total reaction mass, so as to obtain a uniform pressure distribution within the reaction mass,

  In FIG. 4, the reaction mass is constituted

  In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the reaction mass 7 is produced in the form of four parts of reaction mass alternatively of liquid, particles, liquid and particles, arranged in this order from the rear. form of a separate block It is however conceivable, while remaining

  in the context of the invention, to combine the mass of reac-

  This solution is particularly interesting in the case of

  one shot using a single barrel containing a

  ordinary jectile factory mounted without cartridges 8.

R E V E N D I C AT IO N S

  1. Reaction mass (7) for weapons without

  recoil, comprising at least one mass of liquid (11) intended

  8 to be placed behind a propulsive charge (5) of the projectile (2) of the weapon, the reaction mass to be ejected towards the rear of the weapon exactly at the same time as the projectile (2) is pulled towards the front, this mass of liquid being able to be dispersed by the powder gases of the propellant charge thus contributing to

  the extinction of these powder gases, a typical mass of reaction

  in that extinction is calculated to be 8

  delayed by at least a second reaction mass (12) constituted by solid particles, and capable of being dispersed by the powder gases, this second reaction mass being placed between the propellant charge (5) and the

liquid mass (11).

  2. Reaction mass according to claim

  1, characterized in that the particles (12) have a den-

  much higher than the mass of liquid (11).

  3 Reaction mass according to any one

  claims 1 and 2 p characterized in that the

  part of the particle reaction mass (12) extends beyond

  beyond the mass of liquid (11) so as to surround it

at least partially.