FR2520272A1 - CEMENTITIOUS CARBIDE CUTTING TOOL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AND USING SUCH A TOOL - Google Patents

Abstract

TOOL CHARACTERIZED BY SURFACES 7, 17 WITH IONIC IMPLANTATION WHILE THE OTHER FACES DO NOT PRESENT AN IONIC IMPLANTATION. THE INVENTION APPLIES IN PARTICULAR TO CUTTING TOOLS SUCH AS DIES AND PUNCHES.

Description

"Cemented carbide cutting tool and method of

  manufacture and use of such a tool ".

  The present invention relates to a cemented carbide cutting tool and a method of manufacture

  of such a tool and as well as the application of this tool.

  In general, the invention relates to a field of cemented carbide cutting tools having a wear resistance layer beneath their surface.

  cut cemented carbide which are re-sharpened and reused

  typically at least once after use and blunting of their cutting edge

  such tools are used to cut materials, especially

  metals by shearing.

  It has recently been observed that

  high energy ionic was a very

  For example, US Pat. No. 4,105,443 indicates that the service life of cemented carbide tools can be improved.

  Cemented carbide cables could be improved considerably

  badly by ion implantation of carbon.

  It was also indicated that the duration of

  life of carbide cutting blades to cut rubber

  synthetic rubber could be significantly improved

  by implantation of nitrogen ions. However, in this last

  In many cases, it was generally felt that the implanta-

  ionic pressure is applied to the adjacent faces that form the cutting edge of the blade. One of the difficulties is that even if the wear coefficient of the cutting edge is reduced during the service life of the blade. However, it is generally felt that the sharpened blade surface (peripheral surface) must be re-implanted to preserve the improved resistance to wear. constitutes both a

  disadvantage and is expensive for the user of the tool.

  The present invention generally relates to a cemented carbide tool having an edge that performs cutting or shearing work, the tool having a first surface including the edge, a second surface joining the first surface at the edge, a cemented carbide cutting edge formed at the junction of the first and second surfaces,

  wear-resistant wear with ion implantation

  located in the vicinity of the cutting edge and below and parallel to the first and second surfaces,

  this layer cutting the other of the first and second sur-

  faces, and this other surface does not have any

  resistance to wear with ion implantation.

  According to the invention, it has been found that the wear resistance layer should preferably be

  performed by implantation of high energy ion type

  The ion implantation according to the invention forms wear-resistant layers comprising irradiation defects and microstructure modifications and a high concentration of implanted type, which can

  to go up to 1000 angstroms and more

tick below 400 angstroms.

  Preferably, the cutting tools according to the method of the invention are cemented carbide punches and dies used to perforate materials. In these embodiments of the invention,

  preferably only the peripheral surfaces of the poin-

  in the vicinity of the shear edge and the faces

  walls of the matrix in the vicinity of the ridge of

  have undergone ion implantation. Likewise, the implementation of the invention has given rise to an improved method of using cemented carbide cutting tools with implantation.

  Ionic implantation tool, blunted, is

  sharpens and is used again without any re-implanta-

  in place of the ground surfaces.

  of use and re-sharpening can be repeated by

  many times while giving the tool a long life without re-implantation later This is made possible because the ion implantation is performed on only one side of the two faces and the face without implantation ionic is

  preferably the one that is ground during the re-sharpening

  floor. The present invention will be described in more detail with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a perspective view.

  a cemented carbide punch according to the invention.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view

  of a cemented carbide matrix cooperating with the point

  of Figure 1 according to the invention.

  FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a punch and a die according to the invention, before

punch a piece.

  Figure 4 shows another blade of

  cutting or separation, rotary carbide according to

  vention. Figure 5 is a section of Figure 4

according to arrows IV-IV.

  Figures 1 and 2 show punches

  or shear tools with ion implantation.

  In FIG. 1, the punch 1 comprises a first surface or front surface 5 and a second surface or flank or peripheral surface 7 forming, with the preceding one, a shearing edge 9. The lateral wall 7 has undergone ion implantation in the region 11. implantation

  ionic layer forms a wear-resistant layer

  below the ion implanted surface.

  In cemented carbides, this layer may extend

  inwards from the surface to a

  foundry of 1000 angstroms and typically

  at a depth below 400 Angstroms.

  tion of the types of ion implantation corresponds to

  characteristically to a Gaussian distribution

  below the implanted surface, however, extending from the implanted surface to the deepest penetration of ions with defects produced by radiation and changes in the microstructure generated by the high-energy ions passing through

  As shown in this figure, only the

  peripheral face 7 of the tool has undergone ion implantation to form a wear resistance layer 11 below and parallel to the lateral surface 7 intersecting the front surface 5 of the punch 1 in the vicinity of

the cutting edge 7.

  Figure 2 shows a matrix in segments

  3 having been implanted along its walls la-

  The segmented die 17 has a front surface 15 which joins the peripheral surface 10 to form a cutting edge 19. The wear-resistant layer 23 is located in the same manner as the punch 1 above. underneath and

  parallel to the peripheral surface 17 according to the reference

  21 and cuts the front surface 15 in the vicinity of the cutting edge 19 A matrix formed of segments is

  preferable to a one-piece matrix to facilitate

  ion implantation in the internal walls 17 of the matrix since the ion implantation is an operation which is done online and in the most

  effective when the beam is practically perpendicular

  on the surface treated by implantation.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-section of the punch 1 and the die 3 of FIGS. 1 and 2, these two pieces being shown aligned by being separated by a material 51 in the form of a sheet, and which must be perforated during the operation 3, the punch 1 intersects the walls 17 of the matrix and the cutting edge 19 of the mat-rice 3 to punch a perforation whose shape corresponds to that of the front face of the punch. and the cavity of the matrix 3 The ion implantation layer 11 of the side wall 7 of the punch and the ion implantation layer 21 of the side wall of the matrix 3 while increasing the number of perforations, which can using this tool, will not make the cutting edges 9 or 19 everlasting, and some

  parts of the cutting edges must be re-sharpened.

  According to the invention when this occurs, the front face of the punch 1 and the die 3 is ground to obtain

  a sharp edge without the need for ion implantation

  that additional at the front faces 5 and 15.

  The following example illustrates the process and tools of

section according to the invention.

EXAMPLE

  A cemented carbide punch is produced

  and a segment matrix of cemented carbide with im-

  ionic planting to obtain a layer of resistance

  wear beneath the implantation surfaces, parallel

  same time and that it is felt that

  firing of its surfaces to a depth less than 1000 angstroms The punch and the matrix are of a shape

  substantially corresponding to that shown in the figures

  res 1 and 2; these tools are made of tungsten carbide particles of an approximate size of the order of 0.8 to 1 micron, these particles being bonded by about 14% of cobalt The front faces and the peripheral faces of the punch and die in segments have undergone implantation of nitrogen ions with an energy of 90 Ke V up to a dose approximately equal to 2 x 10 + 17 ions / cm 2 in the treated surface area The

  punch and die were mounted as a game of ou-

  in an indexing press operating at a speed of 900 rounds per minute perforations were made in a low carbon steel strip of nominal thickness equal to 5 cents (0.55 mm) and in a silicon steel with a nominal thickness equal to 0, 45 mm in a single race

  without lubrication, the punch through all the thick-

  of the material Tests on strips

  of silicon steel and steel strip

  In this way, a total of 2,100,000 and 1,830,000 perforations were made in low-carbon steel and silicon steel, before having to re-sharpen the punch and the matrix A diamond wheel was used to dry grind the front surface of the punch and that of the die and obtain sharp cutting edges.

  grinding operation required the removal of

  to a depth well in excess of

  the wear resistance layer corresponding to the im-

  planting of origin The punch and the matrix then have

  used without honing cutting edges or without

  additional ionic planting of the ground surfaces.

  In addition, 3,000,000 perforations were made in a carbon steel sheet before a press operation incident stopped the study. Examination of the punch and die at that time showed that

  the cutting edges were always in an acceptable state

table.

  However, the 3,000,000 perforations represent a considerable improvement over

  to the punch and die life of tungsten carbide

  non-implanted case-hardening, typically yielding 1,000,000 perforations in low-carbon steel or approximately 500,000 silicon steel perforations, for each

sharpening operation.

  This clearly shows that the ion implantation allows a significant improvement in the life of the punch and die even after the wear resistance layer of one of the faces adjacent to

  the cutting edge of the tool has been removed.

  what, it is thought that one can obtain improvements

  noticeable in the life of the punch and the

  matrix if in the course of the implantation operation of

  Only the peripheral surfaces or the sidewalls of the tools are implanted so that the wear resistance layer cuts the surface.

  before the tool as shown in the figures.

  Although the present invention has been

  illustrated in its application to punches and matrices

  In the same way as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, it is considered that cutting blades made of cemented carbide are not limited to such embodiments.

  cemented carbide 40 having a wear resistance layer

  obtained by ion implantation only in their side face 44 can significantly increase the life compared to blades that have not been implanted This means that the blade 40 implanted original, it has undergone implantation only on its lateral faces 44 or on its lateral faces 44 and the peripheral surface 40 can be re-sharpened by

  grinding the peripheral surface 42 leaving not only

  the thin layer of wear resistance 48 below

  Under and parallel to the side walls 44 but cutting the peripheral wall 42 in the vicinity of the cutting edge 46. In this way, the advantage of the ionic implantation makes it possible to increase the service life of the blade without any need. implantation of the ground surfaces after each sharpening

Claims (2)

Claims) A cemented carbide tool having an edge for cutting or shearing operations, characterized in that it comprises a first surface (5, 7) containing the edge, a second surface (7, 5) joining the first surface at the edge, an ion-implanted wear-resistant layer being provided in the vicinity of the cutting edge (9, 11) below and parallel to the first and second surfaces this layer intersects the other of the first and second surfaces and this other surface does not have an ion-implanted wear resistance layer.   2) Tool according to claim 1, characterized   characterized in that the wear resistance layer (5, 7)   contains damaged metal carbide particles   irradiation and modified metallic binder of damaging way by irradiation.   Tool according to claim 2, characterized   characterized in that the wear-resistant layer   holds a foreign species implanted by ion implantation.   Tool according to claim 1, characterized   in that the intersection of the resistance layer   wear and the other surface gives a zone of   resistance to wear up to a width of   1000 angstroms on the other surface.   Tool according to claim 1, characterized   characterized in that the wear resistance layers   extend inwards to a maximum depth of male of 400 angstroms.   6) Tool according to claim 7, characterized   in that the alien species is nitrogen.   A method of manufacturing a cemented carbide tool for increasing the lifetime of the tool by ion implantation, characterized in that a cutting edge is formed at the junction of   two cemented carbide surfaces which meet   the edge of the tool, and ions are implanted in one of the cemented carbide surfaces of the cutting edge, the other surface not generally presenting ion implantation.   Method according to claim 7,   characterized in that the ion implantation operation   that is made in only one of the surfaces of car-   cemented by high energy ion types.