FR2500345A1 - ADJUSTING DEVICE FOR BROKEN TOOL - Google Patents

Abstract

A. THE INVENTION CONCERNS AN ADJUSTING DEVICE FOR A BROACHING TOOL ESSENTIALLY CONSISTING OF A SUPPORTING BODY 24 AND AT LEAST ONE CUTTING ELEMENT 23, 23 PROVIDED THEREON, THE CUTTING ELEMENT BEING, IN THE FIELD OF ITS REAR SUPPORT CONSIDERING THE BROACHING DIRECTION, ADJUSTMENT PERPENDICULAR TO THIS BROACHING DIRECTION AND OPPOSITE THE NORMAL TO THE BROACHING TEETH. THE PROBLEM SOLVED CONSISTS OF ALLOWING SIMPLE ADJUSTMENT, EVEN DURING A BROACHING OPERATION. B. THIS DEVICE IS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT FOR THE ADJUSTMENT OF THE REAR SUPPORT, CONSIDERING THE DIRECTION OF BROACHING 14, OF THE CUTTING ELEMENT 23, 23, A BODY IS PROVIDED TO ELASTICALLY DEFORM THIS SUPPORT. C. THE INVENTION IS APPLICABLE TO INTERNAL BROACHING AND EXTERNAL BROACHING, IN PARTICULAR HOMOCINETIC JOINTS.

Description

The subject of the invention is an adjusting device for a tool for

essentially constituted broaching

  by a carrier body and by at least one cutting element

  on the latter, the cutting element being, in the field of its rear support considering the broaching direction, setting perpendicular to this direction of broaching and

  the opposite of normal to broaching teeth.

  When stitching pieces we meet

  in general, a problem in that, as a result of the usu-

  the cutting edges of the broaching teeth of the broach tool

  chage, the accuracy of the dimensions of the broaching surfaces during

  various broaching operations decrease during the course of

life of a broaching tool.

  Moreover, it is difficult to perform a

  precise orientation of the broaching tool with respect to

  broaching rection. To eliminate these problems, it is known to provide adjustable wedges, in the field of the support of the cutting element, on a tool holder disposed on a tool carriage, these wedges serving to move or adjust the

cutting elements.

  Practice has further shown that when multiple profiles were stitched together on the same part with the same stitching tool, considerable dimensional accuracy defects could occur as a result of the elevation. the temperature of the room during

  various broaching operations. Such a problem is

  for example during the external broaching of runways

  ball bearings in the outer rings of joints known as constant velocity joints such as known seals for example

  according to the magazine "Werkstatt und Betrieb" (Workshop and

  1968, Number 9, pages 3 to 6.

  The object of the invention is to arrange a

  positive setting tool for the broaching tool of the type indicated in the preamble so as to allow a simple adjustment of the cutting element perpendicular to the direction of

  broaching and the opposite of the normal to broaching teeth,

  also during a stitching operation.

  To this end, the invention relates to a device

  adjustment device of the above type characterized in that for the adjustment of the rear support, considering the direction of

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  pinning, of the cutting element, there is provided an organ for

  elastically deform this support.

  The nature of the invention resides in that a force is exerted indirectly or directly on the cutting element or on the part holding it of the tool holder or the tool barrel, this force being directed in the direction of the normal to the surface to be made on the piece. By this

  force, the support of the cutting element is deformed elastically

  this support being understood in the widest direction by inclining the portion of the tool holder or the tool shank on

  which is fixed the cutting element. Because of this distortion

  elastication, displacement or adjustment of the element

  cutting of the broaching tool is reversible at every moment.

  By the provisions in accordance with the invention, it is therefore effected

  fectively vary the slope of the broaching tool. It is thus possible to compensate for wear, compensation for defects due to thermal expansion or else adjustment

wished for other reasons.

  The two possibilities of principle for applying the deformation force are obtained in that: - a compression member is provided which directly urges the cutting element by a force; a compression member is provided

  indirectly biasing the cutting element by a force.

  But instead of the compression organ

  constituted by a pressure piston biased in a preferred manner

  hydraulically, it is also possible to apply the

  this by an eccentric, a screw operated by hand or by a

  motor or by thermal stress.

  The constructive principles according to which the support of the cutting element can be deformed are such that:

  - it is intended as a communication organ

  pressure one-piston pressure hydraulically applied;

  - the compression member applies

be the cutting element.

  A particular constructive solution

  preferential and particularly simple

  in that: a) the compression member is arranged

  to partially deform the support now the element of cou-

  pe; b) the compression member is applied against a centered web which in turn rests, at least one side, against the support; c) the web is arranged in the form of a bent lever. The arrangements according to the invention are applicable in a manner similar to the internal pinning and

external broaching.

  The invention will be better understood with regard to

  of the following description and the accompanying drawings

  examples of embodiments of the invention, drawings in the

  which: - Figure 1 is an elevational view of a vertical eccentric broaching machine comprising an adjusting device according to the invention;

  - Figure la is a detailed view cor-

  corresponding to Figure 1; FIG. 2 is a side view of the broaching machine according to FIG. 1; - Figure 3 is a top view of the broaching machine according to Figure 1 and Figure 2; FIG. 4 is a view of a part of FIG. 1 showing a detail of the adjustment device; - Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken along the line V-V of Figure 4;

  - Figure 6 represents a form of

  variant version of the adjustment device, also for external broaching; - Figure 7 is a schematic view of an internal broaching tool; FIG. 8 is a view of a part of FIG. 7 showing a detail of the adjustment device according to the invention; FIG. 9 represents a part to be machined with the internal broaching tool according to FIG.

  The external broaching machine represents

  shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, comprises in a usual manner a

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  either built 1 resting on the ground or on a foundation 2

  On the frame 1 is arranged a workpiece table 3 on which

  is mounted interchangeably a support 5 adapted to the various workpieces 4 and for maintaining these parts 4 during the machining operation. On the frame 1, a tool carriage 6 is mounted in vertical guides to move along the double arrow 8. The tool carriage 6 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder control 9 which is

  simply indicated on the drawings. The cylinder of this com-

  Mande 9 is vertical and is disposed inside the coating located below the workpiece table 3. The piston rod of the control 9 is disposed inside the carriage

  tool holder 6 and attached to the upper end of this carriage.

  A tool holder 11 is removably mounted on the tool carriage 6, one or more broaching tools being in turn attached to the tool holder. As has been described so far, the broaching machine is commercially available and is, for example, known from the Oswald Society's brochure "RAS - The New Vertical Vertical Hydraulic Broaching Machine Program". Forest

  GmBH, Solingen, Federal Republic of Germany.

  In this case, - the tools of

  ge are arranged and arranged to allow the attachment of parts 4 which are constituted by inner rings of joints called homokinetic joints such as those known from the review mentioned above. We then pin

  in pairs of the ball rolling tracks.

  especially in FIGS. 1 and 3, one works simultaneously

  three rooms 4. But in the description that follows, in particular

  Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, only one pinning station 13 will be accurately described. Since two diametrically opposed raceways of balls 12 are simultaneously pinned in a part 4, the arrangement of the broaching tools is also symmetrical about a plane in each post

  stitching. It is therefore sufficient to describe only one side.

  Each of the broaching tools mentioned

  at least in two parts, that is to say that it includes

  a roughing portion 15 located forwardly in the direction of

  broaching arrangement 14 and a calibration portion 16 disposed thereafter. The roughing portion 15 of the broaching tool comprises broaching teeth 17 whose cutting edges 18 are staggered, that is to say arranged with a ramp, so that during the movement of the trolley 6 in the broaching direction 14 down on the piece 4 fixed on the workpiece table 3, the desired profile, that is to say the

  rolling track 12 balls, sided by broaching.

  The roughing portion 15 is adjustably fixed

  on the tool holder 11 by means of fastening screws 20 passing through

  oblong holes 19. Fixing of the roughing part 15 is also ensured by clamping screws

  21 perpendicular to the fastening screws 20.

  The calibration part 16, already mentioned

  born, is fixed above the roughing portion 15, that is to say behind in the direction of broaching 14. A

  intermediate tool carrier 22 is then mounted on the carrier

  tools 11, also by means of fixing screws 20 and screws

  The calibration portion 16 of the spooling tool

  ge is attached to this intermediate tool holder 22. This

  The tool portion has a plurality of cylindrical construction supports 24.

  respectively arranged at a mutual distance between

  cutting elements 23. These supports 24 apply to a

  prismatic spring 25 and are fixed on this support 25 by means of a clamping screw 26 passing through the corresponding support 25 Each cutting element 23 comprises in the usual manner several

  broaching teeth 27 made with a cutting profile.

  A cavity 28 is made in the holder

  intermediate tools 22 behind the support which is the most backward in the direction of broaching 14, that is to say behind the last upper support 25. A web 31 is formed between the wall 29 of the cavity 28 adjacent to the 25 support and the wall of this cavity located opposite the support 25, the veil being substantially perpendicular to the support 25. This veil

  31 is bent in the manner of a perpendicular-angled lever

  predetermined normal direction, that is to say in or opposite the broaching direction 14, to a compression member arranged in the form of a pressure piston 32. This pressure piston 32 is guided in such a way waterproof

  means of a seal 34 in a bore 33 serving as a heat cylinder

  draulic. The pressure piston 32 is applied by its face

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  frontally against the crown area 35 of the sail 31 On its face located opposite the sail 31 in the hydraulic cylinder 33, the pressure piston 32 may be biased by a pressure liquid that can be brought by a conduit 36. such compression movement of the pressure piston 32, caused by the pressure liquid, towards the crown area 35 of the web 31, the latter is extended as a bent lever in the normal direction 37, of

  so that the support 25 is pushed back by a corresponding distance

  from the intermediate tool holder 22. Since the sizing portion 16 of the broaching tool is applied against the support 25, at its rearward end in the broaching direction 14, by the corresponding support 24, it is moved accordingly. For solicitation

  1 5 by the pressure of the veil 31 actually leads to deformability.

  the intermediate toolholder 22 in the direction 37 and not

  not in the opposite direction to this meaning 37, this inter-

  22, in particular in this area, is directly

  or by intermediate elements 38, in particular

  robust against the tool holder 11 made in a particularly

  particularly rigid in this field. On the other hand, it is necessary that the wall 29, located towards the support 25 and on which this support 25

  is actually realized, is not too rigid, so -

that a deformation is possible.

  In the embodiment according to FIG. 6

  a sizing broaching tool 16 'is attached to a holder

  intermediate tools 22 '. Insofar as this realization coincides with that of FIGS. 1 to 5, the same

  references and we refrained from giving a new

the description.

  Immediately below the service screw

  upper rage 26, a pressure piston 32 'serving as a compression member is guided sealingly apu mean of a seal

  34 'in a bore parallel to the clamping screw 26 and

  hydraulic cylinder 33 '. In the back part,

  brought to the position of the calibration broaching tool 16t, of the hydraulic cylinder 33 ', opens a conduit 36' for the

  pressure liquid. By means of this fluid, the piston of

  32 'can be pushed towards the broaching tool 16 by a force resulting from the pressure of the pressure medium

  and the area of the section of the pressure piston 32 '. The pis-

  pressure tone 32 'exits the hydraulic cylinder 33' to the outside.

  The piston 32 'is provided with a recess 40 in the region of its front face mentioned above. and which is applied to the bearing surface 39. In this recess 40

  engages a stop plate 41 fixed by screw in the holder

  intermediate tools 22 'and which prevents the piston from

  sion 32 'can exit the intermediate tool holder 22' when it does not apply against a bearing surface 39 of the tool

calibration pinout 16 '.

  When the pressure piston 32 'is

  licity by the pressure liquid, it pushes the tool of

  age of calibration 16 'by deforming the screw Jerrage 26 in the

  direction 37 from the intermediate tool holder 22 'to the

  4, which is not shown in Figure 6. The effect of

  deformation is the same as in the following embodiment

Figures 1 to 5.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of an internal broaching tool used for the internal broaching of parts 4 "which are in the present case, as seen in FIG. 9, of outer rings of homokinetic joints such as those which are also known from FIG. after the review already mentioned, in which case it is also

  by broaching the ball bearing tracks 12 "diametrically

  opposed on the lateral surface of the part 4 "and which correspond to the rolling tracks of balls 12. This tool

  stitching includes a tool barrel 42 on which, in the

  located in the direction of broaching 14, are

  of the roughing parts 15 "with teeth of broach

  17 "hatch with 18" cutting edges.

  Calibration portions 16 "are associated with the roughing portions 15", these calibration portions being in principle arranged and fixed on the shank 42 of the tool in the same way as, in the embodiment according to FIGS.

  1 to 5, the calibration parts 16 of the broaching tools

  are attached to the corresponding intermediate tool holder.

  22. Thus, without any further description, the same

  numerical references assigned a second sign.

  At the upper end of the tool barrel

  42, that is to say at the rear end, considering the direc-

  pinning arrangement 14, a symmetrical cavity 28 "is formed.

  to the longitudinal axis 43 of the shaft 42 of the tool. The two walls 29 ", 30" of the cavity 28 "adjacent to the supports 25" which are opposite one another are connected by a web 31 "arranged in the same way as the web 31. In both cases, the cavity 28,

  28 "is thus open forwards and backwards in

  bearing on the plan of figure. The pressure piston 32 "acting as compression member, the hydraulic cylinder 33" with its

  seal 34 "and the conduit 36" are arranged in the same

  same way as in the case of Figure 4. When the pressure piston 32 "is urged by the pressurized liquid, this piston is pushed towards the crown area 35" of the sail 31 "and

  deforms this sail 31 "by extension thereof according to the

  double cheek 37 "to the two supports 25". As a result, the cutting elements 23 "situated aft in the broaching direction 14 are moved away from the longitudinal axis 43 of the tool shaft 42. In all the exemplary embodiments, the deformation from a few thousandths to a few hundredths

of millimeter.

  In particular, in the case of examples of

  according to FIGS. 1 to 5, on the one hand, and the figures

  7 and 8, on the other hand, it is possible to use as compression member

  instead of the pressure piston 32, 32 ", an eccentric screw or rod to exert the force and consequently to produce the elastic deformation, but the hydraulic bias has the advantage that it can be modified or eliminated.

  the deformation even during the broaching.

  Thus, by crottering the solicitation

  pressure piston 32, 32t, 32 "on a large number of

  rations, we can compensate for the wear suffered by

  broaching teeth 27, 27. "But the exposed deviation of the ex-

  rear end, in the direction of broaching 14, of the

  16, 16 ', 16 "of the broaching tool can

  also be used for other purposes.

  During the external broaching of the bushings

  the outer rings or outer rings of the homokinetic joints already mentioned, that is to say during the broaching of the pieces 4, 4 ", the rolling tracks of balls 12, 12" are stitched

  in three successive operations with the same broaching tool.

  After each broaching operation, the piece 4, 4 "is simple-

  turned from a predetermined angle and then machined again

  at the same pinning station 13 with the same broaching tool.

  During these broaching operations, the part heats up very strongly and this results, in the depth of the ball bearing tracks 12, 12 ", a dispersion which can be up to 25/4. compensated in that after a first pinning pass, the piston is urged

  pressure 32, 32 ', 32 "at a pressure of 70 bar, for example

  ple, and after a second pass of broaching, by a pressure

  35 bar, for example, while in the third

  the second stitching pass unloads the piston. During the machining

  next time a new room 4, 4 ", this cycle starts again.

  Instead of the adjustment devices described, it is also possible to use a wedge actuated by means of a piston

  pressure, this corner causing an appropriate deformation

  requested and, therefore, a deviation of the broaching tool.

Claims (7)

  An adjusting device for a broaching tool consisting essentially of a carrier body (24) and at least one cutting element (23, 23 ") disposed thereon, the cutting element being, in the field of his   rear support by considering the direction of broaching,   perpendicular to this broaching direction and the op-   placed from the normal to the broaching teeth, characterized in that for adjusting the rear support, considering the broaching direction (14), of the cutting element (23, 23m), it is   provided a member for elastically deforming this support.   2- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is provided a compression member   directly biasing the cutting element (23) by a force.   3- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that there is provided a compression member indirectly urging the cutting element (23, 23 ") by a force.   4- Device according to any one of   Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is intended as   compression member a pressure piston (32, 32 ', 32 ") solicited hydraulically.   - Device according to any one of   Claims 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that the   compression is applied against the cutting element (23).   6- Device according to any one of   Claims 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that the   compression is arranged to partially deform the support   (25, 25 ") holding the cutting element (23, 23").   7- Device according to claim 6,   characterized in that the compression member applies   be a curved veil (31, 31 ") which in turn   less than one side, against the support (25, 25 ").   8- Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the web (31, 31 ") is arranged in form i bent lever.