EP1336454B1 - Method and apparatus using abrasive belt for superfinishing workpiece bearing surfaces, in particular for the superfinishing of cam surface on a camshaft - Google Patents

Method and apparatus using abrasive belt for superfinishing workpiece bearing surfaces, in particular for the superfinishing of cam surface on a camshaft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1336454B1
EP1336454B1 EP03290276A EP03290276A EP1336454B1 EP 1336454 B1 EP1336454 B1 EP 1336454B1 EP 03290276 A EP03290276 A EP 03290276A EP 03290276 A EP03290276 A EP 03290276A EP 1336454 B1 EP1336454 B1 EP 1336454B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
abrasive belt
workpiece
machining
support
bearing surface
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EP03290276A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1336454A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Bonachera
Raymond Millot
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Procedes et Machines Speciales Ste
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Procedes et Machines Speciales Ste
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/08—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section
    • B24B19/12—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section for grinding cams or camshafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/004—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor using abrasive rolled strips

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a device according to the preamble of claim 5 abrasive belt machining, on a workpiece having an axis of rotation, of at least one bearing surface. non-cylindrical, especially for the superfinishing of a cam surface on a camshaft.
  • Superfinishing by abrasive belt commonly referred to as superfinishing by "washing" of the cam surfaces on camshafts can be carried out, the camshaft being mounted between points and driven in rotation about its axis, by application of an abrasive strip running against a cam surface by means of a support roller pushed by a jack against said cam surface. It happens however that the same portion of abrasive belt is then applied, in the area of the top of the cam, twice successively against the same surface, namely first in new condition against a first side of the cam and then in the "worn” state against a second side of the same cam, which does not allow to give the cam surface machining quality (surface condition) well defined in all points of the circumference.
  • machining a cam surface by applying a single abrasive belt with a single backing roller against that cam surface involves a relatively long machining time.
  • this tool does not by definition allow to modulate the pressing pressure exerted by each support roller, which would be desirable in some cases.
  • this tool with four support rollers, only the first roller reached by the abrasive belt applies new abrasive belt against the cam surface, while the other three rollers apply abrasive tape more and more worn, which reduces their machining efficiency.
  • a machining device for finishing a camming surface of a camshaft comprising bearing means for applying an abrasive belt to the outer contour of the cam, each bearing means being provided with a movable pusher and operable in a radial direction of the cam shaft, the pusher comprising at one end an application head of the abrasive belt.
  • the present invention aims an abrasive belt machining method for improving the speed, quality and regularity of non-cylindrical bearing surface machining and especially cam surfaces.
  • the invention also relates to an abrasive belt machining method for modulating at will the pressing pressure of the abrasive belt.
  • the invention also relates to an abrasive belt machining device which is of simple structure and allows machining at a reduced cost non-cylindrical bearing surfaces at a high speed and with high quality and regular machining.
  • the method according to the invention is intended for abrasive belt machining, on a workpiece having an axis of rotation, of a non-cylindrical bearing surface, in particular of a cam surface on a camshaft.
  • the method comprises a machining cycle of applying an abrasive belt by bearing means in a substantially linear contact area parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece against the bearing surface while the workpiece is being driven.
  • the abrasive belt is advanced between two successive machining cycles, of a length substantially corresponding to the running length of the strip during each machining cycle, and the abrasive belt is deflected between the two parts of the machine. support in the form of a loop length such that at each machining cycle, the second support member receives and applies a portion of new abrasive tape against the bearing surface.
  • the two portions of the abrasive belt are applied by means of the two support members against the bearing surface along two directions of action which intersect on the axis of rotation of the part.
  • the two portions of the abrasive belt can be applied along two directions of action which form an angle of less than 180 ° with each other, advantageously along two directions of action which make one with the Another angle less than 120 ° and preferably less than or equal to 90 °.
  • the abrasive belt to enable the same machining efficiency to be obtained at each of the two support members, and to optimally use the single abrasive belt, it is possible to advance the abrasive belt between two successive machining cycles, a length corresponding substantially to the running length of the strip during each machining cycle, and deflecting the abrasive belt between the two support members in the form of a loop of length such that at each machining cycle, the second support member receives and also applies a portion of new abrasive tape against the bearing surface.
  • the device according to the invention for abrasive belt machining, on a workpiece having an axis of rotation, of a non-cylindrical bearing surface, in particular of a cam surface on a camshaft comprises means for supporting the workpiece and for driving it in rotation about its axis, support means for applying at least one abrasive band against at least one working surface of the workpiece, means for guiding and driving the abrasive belt for scrolling the abrasive belt in its longitudinal direction on the support means, and support means comprising two support units mounted on the same support and each having a support roller movable perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece independently of that of the other support unit, the guiding and driving means being designed to scroll the same abrasive belt successively on the two support members.
  • the support carries a return roller on which the abrasive belt is deflected by being guided transversely between the two support rollers.
  • the two support units may each comprise for example a spring or other non-controlled means for exerting a bearing force on the associated support member.
  • the common support must preferably be movable transversely relative to the workpiece before and after each machining cycle.
  • the two support units each comprise a fluid cylinder, the cylinders of the two cylinders being mounted on the same support in such a way that the axes of the piston rods carrying the support members cross on the axis of rotation of the piece.
  • the common support may be stationary, the only control cylinders then also to obtain the necessary movements of the support members relative to the bearing surface before and after each machining cycle.
  • the cylinders make it possible to precisely define the bearing force and in particular to maintain it constant over the entire circumference of the bearing surface, which is not the case when using springs or similar means
  • the two cylinders can be controlled separately, which allows to modulate at will the force and duration of support of the abrasive belt against the bearing surface by each support member.
  • the support carries a return roller on which the abrasive belt is deflected by being guided transversely between the two support rollers. This allows the abrasive belt that is not guided transversely to its length at the level of the two support rollers to better follow the beat movements along the axis of the workpiece, movements that are indispensable superfinishing, as is well known per se.
  • a camshaft 1 symbolized by its axis of rotation is mounted between points and rotated about its axis which is here horizontal for the purpose of machining (superfinishing) a cam surface 2 by a device 3 disposed on one side of the camshaft 1, substantially in the plane of the (surface) of cam 2 to be machined.
  • the device 3 comprises a support 4 mounted, by means not shown, adjustably (arrow 5) in position relative to the camshaft 1, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the latter.
  • the support 4 which is symmetrical with respect to a plane 6 passing through the axis of the camshaft 1 can moreover be adjustable in position parallel to the axis. of the camshaft 1 by guide means which may for example be sockets 7 movable on slides.
  • the support 4 carries, in a same plane perpendicular to its plane of symmetry 6, in symmetrical positions with respect to this plane 6, two fluid cylinders 8, for example two double-acting pneumatic cylinders, whose cylinders 9 are integral with the support 4 so that the axes of the piston rods 10 intersect on the axis of rotation of the camshaft 1.
  • Each piston rod 10 carries at its free end a mount 11 on which a support roller 12 and a guide roller 13 are mounted in the same plane being rotatable about axes parallel to the axis of the camshaft 1.
  • the Support rollers 12 are in the extension of the piston rods 10 and the guide rollers 13 are shifted upwardly and downwardly relative to the support rollers 12, respectively.
  • An abrasive belt 14 passes from a new tape reel not represented by a first return roller 15 onto a first guide roller 13, then successively on the two support rollers 12 which apply it against the cam surface 2, to return by the second guide roller 13 on a second return roller 15 and thence on a not shown reel of worn band winding.
  • a not shown drive system, controlled, allows to advance, so to scroll at will the abrasive belt 14.
  • the two support rollers 12, under the action of the two cylinders 8, thus apply the same abrasive belt 14 against the cam surface 2 along two substantially linear contact zones, parallel to the axis of the camshaft 1 and angularly spaced around this axis, while the camshaft 1 is rotated about its axis and that the abrasive belt 14 is driven in its longitudinal direction to scroll on the support rollers 12.
  • the jacks 8 controlling the support rollers 12 make it possible to apply the abrasive belt 14, in each of the two contact zones defined by the two rollers 12, permanently against the surface of cam 2 with a force which is a function only of the fluid supply pressure of each jack.
  • This bearing force therefore does not vary with the radial distance of the support rollers 12 with respect to the axis of rotation, which, during the machining of a cam surface on a camshaft, varies during the rotation of the camshaft about its axis.
  • the device 3 as illustrated by FIGS. 7 to 12 resumes all the general structural features of the device 3 according to FIGS. 1 to 6, but also comprises, on the support 4, between the two jacks 8, a return and guide roller 16 on which the abrasive belt 14 passes between the two support rollers 12, being deflected and guided transversely.
  • the abrasive belt 14 which is not guided laterally on the support rollers 12 devoid of guiding flanges thus better contributes to the beat movements printed on the whole of the machining device 3, as is usual in superfinishing, transversely at the length of the abrasive belt 14, therefore, parallel to the axis of the camshaft 1.
  • the return roller 16 imposes on the strip 14, between the two support rollers 12, an additional path in the form of a loop, of a preferably adjustable length which is a function of the position or distance of the roller 16 relative to the rollers of support 12.
  • the second support roller receives and applies against the cam surface, like the first support roller, a portion of new abrasive belt, rather than a portion of worn abrasive belt. "Having already been used at the first support roller, as is the case for the device of Figures 1 to 6 where the abrasive belt 14" drag "on the cam surface 2 between the two support rollers 12.
  • the two cylinders 8 are mounted on the support 4 so that the axes of their piston rods 10 which intersect on the axis of rotation of the camshaft 1 are one with the another angle which is slightly less than 90 °. This angle can however be different, insofar as it remains less than 180 °.
  • the two cylinders 8 could be replaced by other means producing the bearing pressures of the rollers 12 against the cam surface 2, for example by springs, but the essential advantage of the cylinders 8 is that they can to be controlled at will, which allows, for example, to modulate the bearing pressures and the bearing times of the two rollers 12 and move the two rollers 12 before and after each machining cycle with the help of only support cylinders 8 for engaging the abrasive belt 14 with and disengaging it from the cam surface 2, without moving the support 4 away from the camshaft 1 according to the arrow 5 visible in FIG. 1.
  • the invention makes it possible to obtain, with a single abrasive belt and a single support and running system for this abrasive belt, a machining result equivalent to that provided by two abrasive belts and two abrasive belts. support and scrolling of these two bands

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un procédé selon le préambule de la revendication 1 et à un dispositif selon le préambule de la revendication 5 d'usinage par bande abrasive, sur une pièce ayant un axe de rotation, d'au moins une surface de portée non cylindrique, notamment pour la superfinition d'une surface de came sur un arbre à came.The present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a device according to the preamble of claim 5 abrasive belt machining, on a workpiece having an axis of rotation, of at least one bearing surface. non-cylindrical, especially for the superfinishing of a cam surface on a camshaft.

La superfinition par bande abrasive, communément appelée superfinition par "toilage", des surfaces de cames sur des arbres à cames peut s'effectuer, l'arbre à cames étant monté entre pointes et entraîné en rotation autour de son axe, par application d'une bande abrasive en défilement contre une surface de came à l'aide d'un galet d'appui poussé par un vérin contre ladite surface de came. Il arrive cependant qu'une même portion de bande abrasive soit alors appliquée, dans la zone du sommet de la came, deux fois successivement contre la même surface, à savoir d'abord à l'état neuf contre un premier flanc de la came et ensuite à l'état "usé" contre un second flanc de la même came, ce qui ne permet pas de donner à la surface de came une qualité d'usinage (état de surface) bien définie en tous points de la circonférence.Superfinishing by abrasive belt, commonly referred to as superfinishing by "washing", of the cam surfaces on camshafts can be carried out, the camshaft being mounted between points and driven in rotation about its axis, by application of an abrasive strip running against a cam surface by means of a support roller pushed by a jack against said cam surface. It happens however that the same portion of abrasive belt is then applied, in the area of the top of the cam, twice successively against the same surface, namely first in new condition against a first side of the cam and then in the "worn" state against a second side of the same cam, which does not allow to give the cam surface machining quality (surface condition) well defined in all points of the circumference.

D'un autre côté, l'usinage d'une surface de came par application d'une bande abrasive unique à l'aide d'un galet d'appui unique contre cette surface de came implique une durée d'usinage relativement longue.On the other hand, machining a cam surface by applying a single abrasive belt with a single backing roller against that cam surface involves a relatively long machining time.

L'application de plusieurs bandes abrasives à l'aide de plusieurs galets d'appui contre une même surface de came permettrait de réduire en conséquence la durée d'usinage de la surface de came, mais cela moyennant un coût accru en conséquence (plusieurs unités d'appui, plusieurs bandes abrasives, plusieurs systèmes de défilement (déroulement/enroulement) de bandes abrasives.The application of several abrasive belts with the aid of several support rollers against the same cam surface would consequently reduce the machining time of the cam surface, but at a cost correspondingly increased (several units). several abrasive belts, several scrolling systems (unwinding / winding) of abrasive belts.

Il a également déjà été proposé (voir par exempte US-A 4 993 191 ) d'usiner à l'aide d'une même bande abrasive une surface de came par un outillage du type pince comprenant deux mâchoires opposées qui serrent entre elles la surface de came, chaque mâchoire portant un patin à mobilité angulaire avec deux galets d'appui espacés, permettant aux quatre galets de la pince de "suivre" le profil de la came. Toutefois, cet outillage et la machine qui en est équipée sont de structure compliquée et de coût élevé. De plus, on retrouve ici également l'inconvénient concernant les qualités d'usinage inégalée notamment des deux flancs d'une came dans la zone du sommet de la came. Par ailleurs, du fait de son action par pincement de la came entre les deux mâchoires, cet outillage ne permet par définition pas de moduler la pression d'appui exercée par chaque galet d'appui, ce qui serait désirable dans certains cas. Enfin, avec cet outillage à quatre galets d'appui, seul le premier galet atteint par la bande abrasive applique de la bande abrasive neuve contre la surface de came, alors que las trois autres galets appliquent de la bande abrasive de plus en plus usée, ce qui réduit leur efficacité d'usinage.It has also been proposed (see for example US-A 4,993,191 ) machining with a same abrasive belt a cam surface by a pliers-type tooling comprising two opposing jaws which clamp the cam surface together, each jaw carrying an angularly movable pad with two pebbles; support spaced, allowing the four rollers of the clamp to "follow" the profile of the cam. However, this tool and the machine that is equipped with complicated structure and high cost. In addition, there is also here the disadvantage concerning the unsurpassed machining qualities including the two sides of a cam in the area of the top of the cam. Moreover, because of its action by pinching the cam between the two jaws, this tool does not by definition allow to modulate the pressing pressure exerted by each support roller, which would be desirable in some cases. Finally, with this tool with four support rollers, only the first roller reached by the abrasive belt applies new abrasive belt against the cam surface, while the other three rollers apply abrasive tape more and more worn, which reduces their machining efficiency.

On connaît également par le document US 6 102 783 un dispositif d'usinage de finition d'une surface de came d'un arbre à cames comprenant des moyens d'appui pour appliquer une bande abrasive sur le contour extérieur de la came, chaque moyen d'appui étant pourvu d'un poussoir mobile et actionnable dans une direction radiale de l'arbre à came, le poussoir comprenant, à une extrémité, une tête d'application de la bande abrasive.It is also known from the document US 6,102,783 a machining device for finishing a camming surface of a camshaft comprising bearing means for applying an abrasive belt to the outer contour of the cam, each bearing means being provided with a movable pusher and operable in a radial direction of the cam shaft, the pusher comprising at one end an application head of the abrasive belt.

La présente invention vise un procédé d'usinage par bande abrasive permettant d'améliorer la vitesse, la qualité et la régularité d'usinage de surfaces de portée non cylindriques et notamment de surfaces de cames. L'invention vise par ailleurs un procédé d'usinage par bande abrasive permettant de moduler à volonté les pressions appui de la bande abrasive. L'invention vise également un dispositif d'usinage par bande abrasive qui soit de structure simple et permette d'usiner à un coût réduit des surfaces de portée non cylindriques à une grande vitesse et avec une qualité et une régularité d'usinage élevées.The present invention aims an abrasive belt machining method for improving the speed, quality and regularity of non-cylindrical bearing surface machining and especially cam surfaces. The invention also relates to an abrasive belt machining method for modulating at will the pressing pressure of the abrasive belt. The invention also relates to an abrasive belt machining device which is of simple structure and allows machining at a reduced cost non-cylindrical bearing surfaces at a high speed and with high quality and regular machining.

Le procédé objet de l'invention est destiné à l'usinage par bande abrasive, sur une pièce ayant un axe de rotation, d'une surface de portée non cylindrique, notamment d'une surface de came sur un arbre à cames. Le procédé comprend un cycle d'usinage consistant à appliquer une bande abrasive par des moyens d'appui suivant une zone de contact sensiblement linéaire, parallèle à l'axe de rotation de la pièce, contre la surface de portée pendant que la pièce est entraînée en rotation autour de son axe de rotation, à faire défiler la bande abrasive dans sa direction longitudinale sur les moyens d'appui pendant l'usinage, et à appliquer deux portions de la même bande en défilement qui sont espacées l'une de l'autre dans la direction longitudinale de la bande, à l'aide de deux organes d'appui indépendants, suivant deux zones de contact angulairement espacées autour de l'axe de rotation de la pièce, contre la surface de portée. Selon l'invention, on fait avancer la bande abrasive entre deux cycles d'usinage successifs, d'une longueur correspondant sensiblement à la longueur de défilement de la bande pendant chaque cycle d'usinage et on dévie la bande abrasive entre les deux organes d'appui sous la forme d'une boucle de longueur telle qu'à chaque cycle d'usinage, le second organe d'appui reçoive et applique une portion de bande abrasive neuve contre la surface de portée.The method according to the invention is intended for abrasive belt machining, on a workpiece having an axis of rotation, of a non-cylindrical bearing surface, in particular of a cam surface on a camshaft. The method comprises a machining cycle of applying an abrasive belt by bearing means in a substantially linear contact area parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece against the bearing surface while the workpiece is being driven. in rotation about its axis of rotation, to scroll the abrasive belt in its longitudinal direction on the support means during machining, and to apply two portions of the same strip scroll which are spaced one of the another in the longitudinal direction of the strip, with the aid of two independent support members, following two contact zones angularly spaced about the axis of rotation of the part, against the bearing surface. According to the invention, the abrasive belt is advanced between two successive machining cycles, of a length substantially corresponding to the running length of the strip during each machining cycle, and the abrasive belt is deflected between the two parts of the machine. support in the form of a loop length such that at each machining cycle, the second support member receives and applies a portion of new abrasive tape against the bearing surface.

De préférence, on applique les deux portions de la bande abrasive à l'aide des deux organes d'appui contre la surface de portée suivant deux directions d'action qui se croisent sur l'axe de rotation de la pièce.Preferably, the two portions of the abrasive belt are applied by means of the two support members against the bearing surface along two directions of action which intersect on the axis of rotation of the part.

Dans ce cas, on peut appliquer les deux portions de la bande abrasive suivant deux directions d'action qui font l'une avec l'autre un angle inférieur à 180°, avantageusement suivant deux directions d'action qui font l'une avec l'autre un angle inférieur à 120° et de préférence inférieur ou égal à 90°.In this case, the two portions of the abrasive belt can be applied along two directions of action which form an angle of less than 180 ° with each other, advantageously along two directions of action which make one with the Another angle less than 120 ° and preferably less than or equal to 90 °.

Suivant ce mode de réalisation, pour permettre d'obtenir la même efficacité d'usinage au niveau de chacun des deux organes d'appui, et pour utiliser de façon optimale la bande abrasive unique, il est possible de faire avancer la bande abrasive, entre deux cycles d'usinage successifs, d'une longueur correspondant sensiblement à la longueur de défilement de la bande pendant chaque cycle d'usinage, et de dévier la bande abrasive entre les deux organes d'appui sous la forme d'une boucle de longueur telle qu'à chaque cycle d'usinage, le second organe d'appui reçoive et applique également une portion de bande abrasive neuve contre la surface de portée.According to this embodiment, to enable the same machining efficiency to be obtained at each of the two support members, and to optimally use the single abrasive belt, it is possible to advance the abrasive belt between two successive machining cycles, a length corresponding substantially to the running length of the strip during each machining cycle, and deflecting the abrasive belt between the two support members in the form of a loop of length such that at each machining cycle, the second support member receives and also applies a portion of new abrasive tape against the bearing surface.

Le dispositif objet de l'invention pour l'usinage par bande abrasive, sur une pièce ayant un axe de rotation, d'une surface de portée non cylindrique, notamment d'une surface de came sur un arbre à cames, comprend des moyens pour supporter la pièce et pour l'entraîner en rotation autour de son axe, des moyens d'appui pour appliquer au moins une bande abrasive contre au moins une surface de portée de la pièce, des moyens de guidage et d'entraînement de la bande abrasive pour faire défiler la bande abrasive dans sa direction longitudinale sur les moyens d'appui, et des moyens d'appui comprenant deux unités d'appui montées sur un même support et ayant chacune un galet d'appui mobile perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation de la pièce indépendamment de celui de l'autre unité d'appui, les moyens de guidage et d'entraînement étant conçus pour faire défiler la même bande abrasive successivement sur les deux organes d'appui. Selon l'invention, le support porte un galet de renvoi sur lequel la bande abrasive est déviée en étant guidée transversalement, entre les deux galets d'appui.The device according to the invention for abrasive belt machining, on a workpiece having an axis of rotation, of a non-cylindrical bearing surface, in particular of a cam surface on a camshaft, comprises means for supporting the workpiece and for driving it in rotation about its axis, support means for applying at least one abrasive band against at least one working surface of the workpiece, means for guiding and driving the abrasive belt for scrolling the abrasive belt in its longitudinal direction on the support means, and support means comprising two support units mounted on the same support and each having a support roller movable perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece independently of that of the other support unit, the guiding and driving means being designed to scroll the same abrasive belt successively on the two support members. According to the invention, the support carries a return roller on which the abrasive belt is deflected by being guided transversely between the two support rollers.

Dans le cadre de l'invention, les deux unités d'appui peuvent comprendre par exemple chacune un ressort ou un autre moyen non commandé permettant d'exercer une force d'appui sur l'organe d'appui associé. Dans ce cas, le support commun doit être de préférence déplaçable transversalement par rapport à la pièce avant et après chaque cycle d'usinage.In the context of the invention, the two support units may each comprise for example a spring or other non-controlled means for exerting a bearing force on the associated support member. In this case, the common support must preferably be movable transversely relative to the workpiece before and after each machining cycle.

Cependant, suivant un mode de réalisation préféré, les deux unités d'appui comprennent chacune un vérin à fluide, les cylindres des deux vérins étant montés sur un même support de telle manière que les axes des tiges de piston portant les organes d'appui se croisent sur l'axe de rotation de la pièce. Dans ce cas, le support commun peut être stationnaire, la seule commande des vérins permettant alors d'obtenir également les déplacements nécessaires des organes d'appui par rapport à la surface de portée avant et après chaque cycle d'usinage. De plus, les vérins permettent de définir avec précision la force d'appui et notamment de la maintenir constante sur toute la circonférence de la surface de portée, ce qui n'est pas le cas lors de l'utilisation de ressorts ou de moyens analoguesHowever, according to a preferred embodiment, the two support units each comprise a fluid cylinder, the cylinders of the two cylinders being mounted on the same support in such a way that the axes of the piston rods carrying the support members cross on the axis of rotation of the piece. In this case, the common support may be stationary, the only control cylinders then also to obtain the necessary movements of the support members relative to the bearing surface before and after each machining cycle. In addition, the cylinders make it possible to precisely define the bearing force and in particular to maintain it constant over the entire circumference of the bearing surface, which is not the case when using springs or similar means

Les deux vérins peuvent être commandés séparément, ce qui permet de moduler à volonté la force et la durée d'appui de la bande abrasive contre la surface de portée par chaque organe d'appui.The two cylinders can be controlled separately, which allows to modulate at will the force and duration of support of the abrasive belt against the bearing surface by each support member.

Le support porte un galet de renvoi sur lequel la bande abrasive est déviée en étant guidée transversalement entre les deux galets d'appui. Cela permet à la bande abrasive qui n'est par guidée transversalement à sa longueur au niveau des deux galets d'appui de mieux suivre les mouvements de battement suivant l'axe de la pièce, mouvements qui sont indispensables en superfinition, comme cela est bien connu en soi.The support carries a return roller on which the abrasive belt is deflected by being guided transversely between the two support rollers. This allows the abrasive belt that is not guided transversely to its length at the level of the two support rollers to better follow the beat movements along the axis of the workpiece, movements that are indispensable superfinishing, as is well known per se.

En se référant aux dessins schématiques annexés, on va décrire ci-après plus en détail deux modes de réalisation illustratifs et non limitatifs d'un dispositif selon l'invention; sur les dessins:

  • les figures 1 à 6 montrent un dispositif qui ne correspond pas à l'invention dans plusieurs positions successives au cours de la rotation d'un arbre à cames;
  • les figures 7 à 12 montrent un dispositif suivant le mode de réalisation dans les mêmes positions successives.
With reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings, two illustrative and non-limiting embodiments of a device according to the invention will be described in more detail below; on the drawings:
  • Figures 1 to 6 show a device which does not correspond to the invention in several successive positions during the rotation of a camshaft;
  • Figures 7 to 12 show a device according to the embodiment in the same successive positions.

Selon la figure 1, un arbre à cames 1 symbolisé par son axe de rotation est monté entre pointes et entraîné en rotation autour de son axe qui est ici horizontal en vue de l'usinage (superfinition) d'une surface de came 2 par un dispositif 3 disposé d'un côté de l'arbre à cames 1, sensiblement dans le plan de la (surface de) came 2 à usiner.According to Figure 1, a camshaft 1 symbolized by its axis of rotation is mounted between points and rotated about its axis which is here horizontal for the purpose of machining (superfinishing) a cam surface 2 by a device 3 disposed on one side of the camshaft 1, substantially in the plane of the (surface) of cam 2 to be machined.

Le dispositif 3 comprend un support 4 monté, par des moyens non représentés, de façon réglable (flèche 5) en position par rapport à l'arbre à cames 1, suivant une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe de ce dernier. Notamment en vue de l'adaptation à des arbres à cames différents, le support 4 qui est symétrique par rapport à un plan 6 passant par l'axe de l'arbre à cames 1 peut par ailleurs être réglable en position parallèlement à l'axe de l'arbre à cames 1 par des moyens de guidage qui peuvent par exemple être des douilles 7 mobiles sur des glissières.The device 3 comprises a support 4 mounted, by means not shown, adjustably (arrow 5) in position relative to the camshaft 1, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the latter. In particular, with a view to adapting to different cam shafts, the support 4 which is symmetrical with respect to a plane 6 passing through the axis of the camshaft 1 can moreover be adjustable in position parallel to the axis. of the camshaft 1 by guide means which may for example be sockets 7 movable on slides.

Le support 4 porte, dans un même plan perpendiculaire à son plan de symétrie 6, dans des positions symétriques par rapport à ce plan 6, deux vérins à fluide 8, par exemple deux vérins pneumatiques à double effet, dont les cylindres 9 sont solidaires du support 4 de manière que les axes des tiges de piston 10 se croisent sur l'axe de rotation de l'arbre à cames 1. Chaque tige de piston 10 porte à son extrémité libre une monture 11 sur laquelle un galet d'appui 12 et un galet de guidage 13 sont montés dans un même plan en étant mobiles en rotation autour d'axes parallèles à l'axe de l'arbre à cames 1. Les galets d'appui 12 se trouvent dans le prolongement des tiges de piston 10 et les galets de guidage 13 sont décalés l'un vers le haut et l'autre vers le bas par rapport aux galets d'appui 12, respectivement. Une bande abrasive 14 passe d'une bobine de bande neuve non représentée par un premier galet de renvoi 15 sur un premier galet de guidage 13, puis successivement sur les deux galets d'appui 12 qui l'appliquent contre la surface de came 2, pour revenir par le second galet de guidage 13 sur un second galet de renvoi 15 et de là sur une bobine non représentée de renvidage de bande usée. Un système d'entraînement non représenté, commandé, permet de faire avancer, donc de faire défiler à volonté la bande abrasive 14.The support 4 carries, in a same plane perpendicular to its plane of symmetry 6, in symmetrical positions with respect to this plane 6, two fluid cylinders 8, for example two double-acting pneumatic cylinders, whose cylinders 9 are integral with the support 4 so that the axes of the piston rods 10 intersect on the axis of rotation of the camshaft 1. Each piston rod 10 carries at its free end a mount 11 on which a support roller 12 and a guide roller 13 are mounted in the same plane being rotatable about axes parallel to the axis of the camshaft 1. The Support rollers 12 are in the extension of the piston rods 10 and the guide rollers 13 are shifted upwardly and downwardly relative to the support rollers 12, respectively. An abrasive belt 14 passes from a new tape reel not represented by a first return roller 15 onto a first guide roller 13, then successively on the two support rollers 12 which apply it against the cam surface 2, to return by the second guide roller 13 on a second return roller 15 and thence on a not shown reel of worn band winding. A not shown drive system, controlled, allows to advance, so to scroll at will the abrasive belt 14.

Les deux galets d'appui 12, sous l'action des deux vérins 8, appliquent ainsi la même bande abrasive 14 contre la surface de came 2 suivant deux zones de contact sensiblement linéaires, parallèles à l'axe de l'arbre à cames 1 et angulairement espacées autour de cet axe, pendant que l'arbre à cames 1 est entraîné en rotation autour de son axe et que la bande abrasive 14 est entraînée dans sa direction longitudinale pour défiler sur les galets d'appui 12.The two support rollers 12, under the action of the two cylinders 8, thus apply the same abrasive belt 14 against the cam surface 2 along two substantially linear contact zones, parallel to the axis of the camshaft 1 and angularly spaced around this axis, while the camshaft 1 is rotated about its axis and that the abrasive belt 14 is driven in its longitudinal direction to scroll on the support rollers 12.

Tel que cela apparaît sur les figures 1 à 6, les vérins 8 commandant les galets d'appui 12 permettent d'appliquer la bande abrasive 14, dans chacune des deux zones de contact définies par les deux galets 12, en permanence contre la surface de came 2 avec une force qui est fonction uniquement de la pression d'alimentation en fluide de chaque vérin. Cette force d'appui ne varie donc pas avec la distance radiale des galets d'appui 12 par rapport à l'axe de rotation, laquelle, lors de l'usinage d'un surface de came sur un arbre à cames, varie pendant la rotation de l'arbre à cames autour de son axe.As it appears in FIGS. 1 to 6, the jacks 8 controlling the support rollers 12 make it possible to apply the abrasive belt 14, in each of the two contact zones defined by the two rollers 12, permanently against the surface of cam 2 with a force which is a function only of the fluid supply pressure of each jack. This bearing force therefore does not vary with the radial distance of the support rollers 12 with respect to the axis of rotation, which, during the machining of a cam surface on a camshaft, varies during the rotation of the camshaft about its axis.

Il peut par ailleurs être désirable dans certains cas d'appliquer la bande abrasive 14 contre la surface de came 2 avec des pressions différentes et/ou pendant des durées différentes par les deux galets d'appui 12 pendant chaque cycle d'usinage. Ce résultat peut être obtenu d'une manière simple sur le dispositif tel que représenté et décrit par une commande individuelle correspondante de l'alimentation en fluide de chacun des deux vérins 8.It may also be desirable in some cases to apply the abrasive belt 14 against the cam surface 2 with different pressures and / or for different durations by the two support rollers 12 during each machining cycle. This result can be obtained in a simple manner on the device as represented and described by a corresponding individual control of the fluid supply of each of the two cylinders 8.

Le dispositif 3 tel qu'illustré par les figures 7 à 12 reprend toutes les caractéristiques de structure générale du dispositif 3 suivant les figures 1 à 6, mais comporte en plus, sur le support 4, entre les deux vérins 8, un galet de renvoi et de guidage 16 sur lequel la bande abrasive 14 passe entre les deux galets d'appui 12, en étant déviée et guidée transversalement. La bande abrasive 14 qui n'est pas guidée latéralement sur les galets d'appui 12 dépourvus de rebords de guidage participe ainsi mieux aux mouvements de battement imprimés à l'ensemble du dispositif d'usinage 3, comme cela est usuel en superfinition, transversalement à la longueur de la bande abrasive 14, donc, parallèlement à l'axe de l'arbre à cames 1.The device 3 as illustrated by FIGS. 7 to 12 resumes all the general structural features of the device 3 according to FIGS. 1 to 6, but also comprises, on the support 4, between the two jacks 8, a return and guide roller 16 on which the abrasive belt 14 passes between the two support rollers 12, being deflected and guided transversely. The abrasive belt 14 which is not guided laterally on the support rollers 12 devoid of guiding flanges thus better contributes to the beat movements printed on the whole of the machining device 3, as is usual in superfinishing, transversely at the length of the abrasive belt 14, therefore, parallel to the axis of the camshaft 1.

Le galet de renvoi 16 impose à la bande 14, entre les deux galets d'appui 12, un trajet supplémentaire en forme de boucle, d'une longueur de préférence réglable qui est fonction de la position ou distance du galet 16 par rapport aux galets d'appui 12.The return roller 16 imposes on the strip 14, between the two support rollers 12, an additional path in the form of a loop, of a preferably adjustable length which is a function of the position or distance of the roller 16 relative to the rollers of support 12.

Il est possible de faire avancer la bande abrasive 14, entre deux cycles d'usinage successifs concernant deux surfaces de cames se trouvant soit sur un même arbre à cames, soit sur deux arbres à cames différents, d'une longueur correspondant sensiblement à la longueur de défilement de la bande pendant chaque cycle d'usinage, et de régler la longueur de la boucle de déviation de la bande abrasive par le galet de renvoi 16 de manière qu'elle corresponde à cette longueur de défilement de la bande abrasive pendant chaque cycle d'usinage. Ainsi, à chaque cycle d'usinage, le second galet d'appui reçoit et applique contre la surface de came, tout comme le premier galet d'appui, une portion de bande abrasive neuve, plutôt qu'une portion de bande abrasive "usée" ayant déjà servi au niveau du premier galet d'appui, comme c'est le cas pour le dispositif des figures 1 à 6 où la bande abrasive 14 "traîne" sur la surface de came 2 entre les deux galets d'appui 12.It is possible to advance the abrasive belt 14 between two successive machining cycles concerning two cam surfaces that are either on the same camshaft or on two different camshafts, a length corresponding substantially to the length. of the strip during each machining cycle, and to adjust the length of the abrasive belt deflection loop by the return roller 16 so that it corresponds to this length of travel of the abrasive belt during each cycle machining. Thus, at each machining cycle, the second support roller receives and applies against the cam surface, like the first support roller, a portion of new abrasive belt, rather than a portion of worn abrasive belt. "Having already been used at the first support roller, as is the case for the device of Figures 1 to 6 where the abrasive belt 14" drag "on the cam surface 2 between the two support rollers 12.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, les deux vérins 8 sont montés sur le support 4 de manière que les axes de leurs tiges de piston 10 qui se croisent sur l'axe de rotation de l'arbre à cames 1 fassent l'un avec l'autre un angle qui est légèrement inférieur à 90°. Cet angle peut cependant être différent, dans la mesure où il reste inférieur à 180°.In the illustrated embodiment, the two cylinders 8 are mounted on the support 4 so that the axes of their piston rods 10 which intersect on the axis of rotation of the camshaft 1 are one with the another angle which is slightly less than 90 °. This angle can however be different, insofar as it remains less than 180 °.

Par ailleurs, les deux vérins 8 pourraient être remplacés par d'autres moyens produisant les pressions d'appui des galets 12 contre la surface de came 2, par exemple par des ressorts, mais l'avantage essentiel des vérins 8 est qu'ils peuvent être commandés à volonté, ce qui permet, par exemple, de moduler les pressions d'appui et les durées d'appui des deux galets 12 et de déplacer les deux galets 12 avant et après chaque cycle d'usinage à l'aide des seuls vérins d'appui 8 pour engager la bande abrasive 14 avec et la dégager de la surface de came 2, sans rapprocher et écarter le support 4 de l'arbre à cames 1 suivant la flèche 5 visible sur la figure 1.Moreover, the two cylinders 8 could be replaced by other means producing the bearing pressures of the rollers 12 against the cam surface 2, for example by springs, but the essential advantage of the cylinders 8 is that they can to be controlled at will, which allows, for example, to modulate the bearing pressures and the bearing times of the two rollers 12 and move the two rollers 12 before and after each machining cycle with the help of only support cylinders 8 for engaging the abrasive belt 14 with and disengaging it from the cam surface 2, without moving the support 4 away from the camshaft 1 according to the arrow 5 visible in FIG. 1.

Enfin, bien que l'invention ait été décrite ci-dessus dans son application à la superfinition des surfaces de cames d'arbres à cames, elle est applicable à l'usinage par bande abrasive d'autres surfaces et notamment de surfaces de portée non cylindriques sur d'autres pièces ayant un axe de rotation.Finally, although the invention has been described above in its application to the superfinishing of the camshaft cam surfaces, it is applicable to abrasive belt machining of other surfaces and in particular non-bearing surfaces. cylindrical on other parts having an axis of rotation.

Dans tous les cas, l'invention permet d'obtenir, avec une unique bande abrasive et un unique système d'appui et de défilement d c cette bande abrasive, un résultat d'usinage équivalent à celui procuré par deux bandes abrasives et deux systèmes d'appui et de défilement de ces deux bandesIn any case, the invention makes it possible to obtain, with a single abrasive belt and a single support and running system for this abrasive belt, a machining result equivalent to that provided by two abrasive belts and two abrasive belts. support and scrolling of these two bands

Claims (7)

  1. Method of abrasive belt machining, on a workpiece having an axis of rotation, of a non-cylindrical bearing surface, especially a cam surface (2) on a camshaft (1), comprising a machining cycle consisting in applying an abrasive belt (14) by pressing means along a substantially linear contact region, parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece, against the bearing surface while the workpiece is being rotated about its rotation axis, in making the abrasive belt (14) run in its longitudinal direction over the pressing means during the machining, and in applying two portions of the same running belt (14), which are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the belt, by means of two independent pressing members, along two contact regions angularly spaced apart about the rotation axis of the workpiece, against the bearing surface, characterized in that the abrasive belt (14) is advanced, between two successive machine cycles, by a length corresponding approximately to the length by which the belt runs during each machining cycle and in that the abrasive belt (14) is deflected between the two pressing members in the form of a loop of length such that, at each machining cycle, the second pressing member receives and applies a fresh abrasive belt portion against the bearing surface.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two portions of the abrasive belt (14) are applied by means of the two pressing members against the bearing surface along two directions of action that intersect on the rotation axis of the workpiece.
  3. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the two portions of the abrasive belt are applied along two directions of action that make between them an angle of less than 180°.
  4. Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the two portions of the abrasive belt are applied along two directions of action that make between them an angle of less than 120° and preferably an angle of 90° or less.
  5. Device for abrasive belt machining, on a workpiece having a rotation axis of a non-cylindrical bearing surface, especially a cam surface (2) on a camshaft (1), comprising means for supporting the workpiece and for rotating it about its axis, pressing means for applying at least one abrasive belt (14) against at least one bearing surface of the workpiece, means for guiding and driving the abrasive belt (14), in order to make the abrasive belt run in its longitudinal direction over the pressing means, and pressing means comprising two pressing units (8) mounted on one and the same support (4), each unit having a press roller (12) that can move perpendicular to the rotation axis of the workpiece (1) independent of that of the other press unit, and the guiding/drive means (13, 15) are designed to make the same abrasive belt (14) run in succession over the two pressing members (12), characterized in that the support (4) carries an idler roll (16) around which the abrasive belt (14) is deflected, being guided transversely between the two press rolls (12).
  6. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the two pressing units each comprise a fluid actuator (8), the cylinders (9) of the two actuators being mounted on the support (4) in such a way that the axes of the piston rods (10), each carrying a press roll (12), intersect on the rotation axis of the workpiece (1).
  7. Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the two actuators (8) are controlled separately.
EP03290276A 2002-02-05 2003-02-04 Method and apparatus using abrasive belt for superfinishing workpiece bearing surfaces, in particular for the superfinishing of cam surface on a camshaft Expired - Lifetime EP1336454B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0201315A FR2835460B1 (en) 2002-02-05 2002-02-05 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MACHINING BY ABRASIVE BELT OF A SURFACE ON A WORKPIECE, PARTICULARLY FOR THE SURFACE OF A CAM SURFACE ON A CAMSHAFT
FR0201315 2002-02-05

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EP1336454A1 EP1336454A1 (en) 2003-08-20
EP1336454B1 true EP1336454B1 (en) 2007-09-26

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US (1) US6916230B2 (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006052829A1 (en) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-15 Thielenhaus Technologies Gmbh Method for strip finishing of workpiece peripheral surfaces
FR2913904B1 (en) * 2007-03-21 2009-07-17 Renault Soc Par Actions Simpli LOCALLY SERVICED JAWS FOR GARMENTING OF DOORS
US7955163B2 (en) * 2007-05-03 2011-06-07 Combined Products Co. #1, Inc. Abrading device
JP2009119548A (en) * 2007-11-14 2009-06-04 Honda Motor Co Ltd Shaft part finishing device
JP5551395B2 (en) * 2009-08-28 2014-07-16 マニー株式会社 Cannula and manufacturing method thereof
FR2952564B1 (en) * 2009-11-18 2015-05-22 Snecma AUTOMATED LACETTING DEVICE AND METHOD
EP2823934B1 (en) * 2013-07-09 2015-02-18 Supfina Grieshaber GmbH & Co. KG Device for finishing a peripheral area of a workpiece and method for operating the device
DE102015221939B4 (en) * 2015-11-09 2018-10-31 Supfina Grieshaber Gmbh & Co. Kg Finishing belt device and method for finish machining a workpiece

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US4945683A (en) * 1989-07-10 1990-08-07 J. D. Phillips Corporation Abrasive belt grinding machine
DE4320945C2 (en) * 1993-06-24 1996-05-23 Grieshaber Masch Belt grinder
NO178292C (en) * 1993-12-14 1996-02-28 Grobi As Edge grinder for machine rounding of edges on structural elements
US5498444A (en) * 1994-02-28 1996-03-12 Microfab Technologies, Inc. Method for producing micro-optical components
FR2719516B1 (en) * 1994-05-04 1996-07-26 Procedes Machines Speciales Tools for the grooming of cylindrical spans with diameter control of spans.
US5664991A (en) * 1996-01-11 1997-09-09 Barton, Ii; Kenneth A. Microfinishing and roller burnishing machine
DE19800885A1 (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-07-15 Thielenhaus Ernst Gmbh & Co Kg Device for finishing peripheral surfaces on rotating workpieces, in particular for finishing cam discs and cams of a camshaft
SE513311C2 (en) * 1998-12-29 2000-08-21 Gustav Rennerfelt eccentric

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DE60316485D1 (en) 2007-11-08
US6916230B2 (en) 2005-07-12
FR2835460A1 (en) 2003-08-08
EP1336454A1 (en) 2003-08-20
US20040029499A1 (en) 2004-02-12

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