FR2495285A1 - VARIABLE SURFACE DEVICE FOR AIR CIRCUITS OF FLOW AIR TYPE FUEL TUNING ASSEMBLIES - Google Patents

Abstract

Passages 28, 30 bring fuel into a nozzle 14. Pressurized air arrives through an opening 10. Means 32, 100, 102 for metering air with variable surface area respond to the fuel pressure so as to regulate. air flow. The air-fuel mixture is ignited by a spark plug 44 and burns in a chamber 12. (CF DRAWING IN BOPI)

Description

The present invention relates to a device with variable surface for

air circuits from a nozzle to

  fuel type blown air. The device to

  variable face is intended for use in air circuits of a blown-air fuel nozzle assembly operating in single fuel circuit or dual fuel circuit assemblies for

  use in geothermal combustion plants

  trie (surface) variable in gas turbines of a very advanced technology. The reason for adjusting the fuel / air ratios is to meet emission standards under a wide variety of conditions.

engine speed.

  Modern technology to achieve movement

  Variable area air circuits for nozzles and nozzles

  Positive combustion utilizes elaborate mechanical linkages with means of admission through the

  motor housing, as described in U.S. Patent 3,905,192.

  On the other hand, US Patent 4,044,533 discloses a variable geometry swirl device in a nozzle.

  combustion of a fuel plant.

  The present invention relates to means of.

  variable surface air metering connected with pressure responsive actuating means in one piece with a nozzle assembly for controlling the flow of air in the air circuits forming part of the jet assemblies and a single fuel circuit or dual fuel circuit type blown air support,

  used in gas turbine engines. The inventors

  tion is still intended to establish a passage for a means of

  under pressure, in liquid or gaseous form,

  through the nozzle and support assembly to the interior

  the engine casing to operate the cir-

  air-cooled surface of the nozzle and device

of combustion.

  Various other features of the invention

  from the detailed description which follows.

  Forms of realization of the object of the invention

  are shown, by way of non-limiting examples,

to the annotated drawings.

  Fig. 1 shows the exterior of a blown-air type fuel support and support bar, with variable surface air circuits in

  the combustion system of a gas turbine engine.

  Fig. 2 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a dual fuel circuit type blown air nozzle assembly with an air circuit for adjusting the air flow also to the inner circuit and the circuit. exterior of a representative assembly of blast and dual fuel type fuel

fuel circuit.

  Fig. 3 shows a modification of the device of nozzles and air circuits with variable surface that can be seen in FIG. 2 to regulate the flow of air to the outside air circuit of the fuel-jet type fuel system installation with double circuit

fuel according to the invention.

  Fig. k represents another modification of the dis-

  positive of nozzles and air circuits with variable surface that can be seen in fig. 2 to regulate the flow of air to the indoor air system of the dual-blown type fuel nozzle installation

  fuel circuit according to the invention.

  Fig. 5 is a detailed cross-section of a blast-type fuel nozzle assembly and with a single fuel distribution circuit, having a variable-surface air circuit for adjusting

  the flow of air to both the external air circuit and the

  and the internal air circuit of an example of an installation

  blown-air type fuel nozzle

  with dual fuel distribution.

  Fig. 6 represents another modification of the

  nozzle and variable surface air circuit to adjust air flow to the air external circuit of the air-type fuel nozzle assembly

  blown and with a single fuel circuit according to the

  vention. Fig. 7 shows a modification of the nozzle and variable surface air circuit device of the

  Fig. 5 to adjust the flow of air to the internal circuit

  of the air of the fuel nozzle assembly of the supply air type and a single fuel circuit

according to the invention.

  Fig. 8 is a detailed cross-section of a dual fuel delivery blown fuel nozzle device and a variable area of the air circuits to adjust the air supply to the

  internal and external air circuits of a set of

  blown-in fuel distribution systems, com-

  carrying an integral actuating means which

  pressure and which is connected to the passage of the

bustible from the primary nozzle.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the installation of dis-

  According to the invention, the invention of a fuel

  designed for gas turbine engines, such as.

  this can be seen from the examination of this sketchy figure.

  matic. In such an engine, the air is compressed by a

  compressor and is discharged through an opening 10. A door

  This air enters a combustion chamber 12 to burn with the fuel discharged through the nozzles 14. The remaining air passes over the opposite walls of the combustion chamber 12 through a passage 16 defined

  by the outer casing 18 of the engine and an inner casing

  20 of the engine (not shown). Professionals-

  combustion products are ejected from the combustion chamber

  12 to a turbine (not shown) in a known manner to drive the compressor and. create an exit

  of energy for example a turbo-propulsion force.

  The amount of fuel supplied to the nozzle 14 varies according to the operating conditions and the engine speed. The pressurized fuel enters the nozzle 14 through a support assembly 22 through

  of a fuel input connector 24 of the primary nozzle

  mayor and a connector 26 of conbustible input of iju-

  secondary stage. A fuel passage 28 of the primary jet provides pressurized fuel to the circuit

  primary. A fuel passage 30 of the secondary nozzle

  provides fuel under pressure to the se-

  ondary. The means 32 for actuating the air circuit to

  variable area, using a gas or a liquid, including

  an inlet connection 34 and a passage 36 towards the interior.

  of the nozzle 14 by an arrangement which will be described

further.

  It appears from the examination of FIG. 1 that the nozzle and the support constitute a unitary assembly which is mounted on the outer casing 18 of the motor by means of bolts 38, a conventional pre-combustion chamber 40 at the end of the fitting 14 being mounted in an opening 42 of the

  combustion chamber 12. A spark plug 44 of the

  The driver is mounted on the outer casing 18 and passes through the lining wall 19 of the combustion chamber in order to ignite the combustion chamber 12 of the combustion chamber.

  combustible mixture from the nozzle 14.

  We will now refer to FIG. 2. Passengers

  28, 30 and 36 through the support 22 of the jutting are shown in cross section (with tearing)

to serve the nozzle 14.

  The nozzle support 22 is assembled with the casing

  loppe 48 of the nozzle by means of solder rings 50, and

  this envelope 48 is assembled with the chamber of pre-

  combustion 40 by a brazing ring 52, as is

will go further.

  The casing 48 of the nozzle comprises the main body

  of the nozzle 14 since this envelope includes the passages 28 ', 30' and 36 'serving to join the passages 28,

  and 36 in the holder 22 of the nozzle.

  The primary nozzle fuel passages 28 and 28 'open into a chamber 54 which includes a filter 56 for the primary jet fuel. The primary fuel can thus flow into the primary nozzle 55 through the filter 56 leading into a cavity 58, through slots 60 of the swirling device 62 of the primary nozzle, through a zone

  recess 64 and through holes 66 made in the disc

  positive swirling of the primary nozzle to finally end in the swirl chamber 68 of the primary nozzle. Primary fuel is unloaded

  through an orifice 70 of the primary nozzle of the chamber

  swirl in the form of a spray

  conical hollow out of the orifice of the primary nozzle 70.

  Around the outlet area of the primary nozzle,

  an air shield 72 is welded at 74 to the body 76 of the

  primary stage. This body 76 has passages 78 for supplying air from the inner circuit under the shield 72 which sweeps the face of the nozzle to prevent

  accumulations of carbon on the surface of the nozzle.

  The fuel passages 30 and 30 'of the nozzle

  secondary school in an area 90 and provide

  fuel through secondary secondary slits

  92 of the swirling device, through the

  zone 94, beyond the lights 95 of the rotation device

  secondary conversion and finally to go out

by the ring-98.

  The outer air circuit 100 must exit through external swirling fins or through helical lumens 101 leading into a precombustion chamber area 41, while the inner circuit 102 exits through inner vanes of the ventilator device.

  swirl 103 to end up in the chamber of pre-

  combustion 41 passing through the chamber 104. The actuating means for adjusting the dosage of the outer 100 and inner 102 air circuits comprise air, a gas or

  a liquid, passing through passages 36 and 36t in order to

  adjust the dosage of air to the outside and inside circuits. For example, the air enters through a bore 105 and displaces the piston 107 against the resistance of a spring 109. More specifically, the piston 207 plays the role of a pressure sensitive valve and is urged by a spring. The piston 3.C7 slides in the air

  ilI of the piston of action i is assembled not a ba

  soldering member 113 on the postreure portion of the nozzle 48 of the nozzle. A spring-loaded retainer 115 maintains the eccentricity of the reosor in the piston sleeve 111 through the bag-engagement mechanism 13.7 mounted in a cavity 119 of the sleeve 111 to retain the piston 107 and the spring 109. inside this sleeve 111. The piston is pushed against the resistance of the spring and moves against this spring. The

  piston surface constitutes a useful surface so

  that an operating pressure is admitted through the passages 36 and 36 'and acts against O., u piston 107, which has the effect of moving two valves coupled to the rod 121 of the

  piston. In other words, also bio-

  than the internal air circuit supported by the

  movement of the pistou 107. The metering valve 123 cu cir-

  The outer air jacket is mounted on the end 125 of the piston rod 11 and is held in position by a retaining ring 127 engulfed in a recess 129 of the end 125 of the piston rods. The metering valve 123 of the external air circuit and the metering valve

  141 of the circuit interstate ild'ai can move axially-

  longitudinally and as indicated by the arrow 131.

  An orifice 133 can open to allow admission

  additional air in chamber 135 of the ex-

  air. Thus the external air circuit 100 flows through the opening 133 through the chamber 135 which

  is interposed between the body of the envelope 48 of the

  and an element 137, this air flowing opposite the outer fins 101 of the swirling device

  to debouch in the pre-combustion chamber 41.

  The member 137 separates the external air circuit 100 from the circuit

  When the air is circulating in the external circuit, the metering valve 141 of the inner circuit moves to allow the entry of air into the chamber 155 of the inner circuit through the openings 143. in the closed end part 145 of the

  metering valve 123 of the external air circuit and

  towards the opening 149 formed between the metering valve 141

  and the end of the sleeve 151 of the dispensing valve ex-

  térieure. The internal circuit 102 can therefore flow through the openings 143 of the metering valve 123 of the circuit

  outside, facing the opening 149 through the chambers

  153 and 155, facing the inner fins 103 of the swirl device on the body of the primary nozzle and through the chamber 104 to exit into the precombustion chamber 41 through a ring 156. An air vane 157 is fixed at the dosing valve 123 by

  a brazing ring 159 as will be explained later.

  It is therefore obvious that in a nozzle type

  supply air with dual fuel

  both means for actuating the surface air circuit

  variable, the piston is intended to move the two valves

  pes; this means that the metering valve 123 of the circuit

  bake and the metering valve 141 of the integrated circuit

  moving to adjust the air ratio to the fuel

tible in the nozzle.

  The nozzle and the support constitute a unitary structure since all the members are adapted and assembled, solder rings being placed in

  annular recesses of the various organs, the entire unit

  assembly is then placed in an oven. The temperature

  The high temperature in the furnace melts the brazing rods, as can be seen in fig. 2, namely 50,

  113, 161, 162, 163 and 167, to connect them to the corresponding organs.

  responders and obtain a unitary set. A soldering technique similar to that just described

  the subject matter of US Pat. Nos. 3,827,638 and 3,871,063.

  Fig. 3 shows a modification of the nozzle assembly showing essentially the same elements as in FIG. 2 with the exception of the metering valve of the indoor air system. More specifically, the movement of the piston 307 longitudinally in the direction of the arrow

  331 entrains the piston rod 325. The valve 323 dosing

  Outside air is attached to the end of the piston rod 325 by a retaining ring 327 itself attached to the rod 325 in an annular cavity 329. It is therefore obvious that with an increase in the pressure of the means of actuating the variable air circuit, the piston is

  move axially to allow the entry of a larger

  amount of air in the external circuit 300 through the orifice 333, while the inner circuit 302 has a constant flow of air through an open vent 343 of

  the closed end portion 345 of the metering valve 323.

  Fig. 4 represents another modification of the

  Nozzle appearance showing an asirface dosing device

  variable responding to the pressure and used to adjust the

  air flow to the inner circuit of a fuel-jet type and dual fuel distribution nozzle assembly. Specifically, the outdoor air metering valve is removed and only the metering valve of the indoor air system is used

  to move it longitudinally in the direction of the arrow

  431. With an increase in the pressure of

  variable-surface air circuit operation, the pis-

  your 407 moves axially by moving the valve to

  441 of the internal circuit, to allow the ad-

  mission of an extra amount of air in the circuit

  402 through the opening 449. The check valve

  441 is connected to the end portion 425 of the piston rod 421 by means of a retaining ring 427 housed in a recess 429 of the piston rod. It is evident that the outside air circuit 400 flows through the chamber 435 of the nozzle casing 448 without any discomfort and at a constant rate.

  Fig. 5 represents another modification of the

  seems to be a nozzle showing an air metering means on top of

  variable pressure-responsive face for adjusting the flow of air both to the inner circuit and to the external circuit of a known set of blast-type fuel nozzles with a single distribution of air combustible. It is evident from the examination of FIG. 5 in cross-section that the primary nozzle is removed and replaced by a nozzle 514 and a support assembly 522 with fuel passages 530 and 530 ', provided to supply fuel to a chamber 590 through inclined swirl slots 592 , a

  zone 594, facing the slots 595 of the latching device.

  Billing 596 to finally exit by ring 598.

  Piston 507 moves longitudinally in the direction of arrow 531 when pressurized through passages 536 and 536 'to move the valve as well.

  lower dosing 541 than the outer valve of

  523 and permit the passage of a larger amount of air through the lights 549 and 533 of the indoor air circuit 500 and outer 502 respectively. The inner circuit 502 passes through the chambers 553 and 555, facing the fins 503 of the internal swirling device,

  through room 504 and goes out into the room of pre-

  burning through a ring 556. This ring 556 is a

  opening formed between the core 571 and the orifice of the disc

  Positive swirling factor 596.

  Fig. 6 represents another modification of

  nozzle appears showing a pressure-responsive, variable-surface air metering device for adjusting the air flow to the external circuit of a known puff-type fuel nozzle and with a single fuel distribution. The single-nozzle device shown in FIG. 5 has been modified to

  have an outer circuit 600 which moves longitudinally

  dinalement in the direction of the arrow 631 under the effect of the piston 607. The actuating means for adjusting the movement

2495285.

  of the metering valve 623 of the external circuit is designed

  for flow through passages 636 and 636t to achieve

  firing into chamber 605 of piston 607 and moving the piston

  607. The movement of piston 607 has the effect of displacing

  the 623 external metering valve to allow it to

  greater quantity of tra-pour lo kills 633.

  The outer valve 623 is connected to the part 1'ernal

  625 of the piston rod 621 by use retaining ring 627.

  The internal air flow 602 must be constant.

  Fig. 7 shows another modification of the nozzle appearance showing a surface air metering means.

  variable and responding to the pressure to adjust the flow-

  The air flow is directed to the internal circuit of a blown-air type nozzle assembly and with a single fuel distribution. The assembly shown in FIG. 5 to incorporate an inner air circuit 702 which flows through the aperture 749 when the inner metering valve 741 is moved longitudinally:

  the direction of the arrow 731. The piston 707 is displaced axially

  in sleeve 711 by increasing a fluid

  under pressure circulating through passages 730 and 730 '

  to end in the chamber 705 of the piston. The valve

  Inner yoke 741 is connected to the end portion 725 of piston rod 721 by a retaining ring 727. It is therefore apparent that the outside air stream 700 remains constant while the interior air stream 702 is variable. Fig. 8 represents a modification of the set

  nozzle which is seen at freeze 25 showing a device

  variable-pressure, pressure-responsive air metering system for adjusting external and internal air flow rates based on fuel pressure. More exactly, when the fuel supply is increased through passages 828 and 828 'of the primary nozzle in chamber 854, the

  fluid is shared between the piston chamber 805 and the ori-

  In this way, when the fuel pressure is raised in the chamber 805, the piston 807 is moved in the direction of the arrow 831 and at the same time the external metering valve 823 and

  the inner metering valve 841 also moves.

  The movement of the two metering valves 823 and 841 allows more air to enter through the valves.

  833 and 849 respectively in the external circuit

  800 and the inner circuit 802 air circulation.

  It goes without saying that we can make various modifications

  to the embodiments that have been described without

  to get out of the scope of the invention.

Claims (16)

  1 - Variable area air circuit device for a blown air type fuel nozzle assembly, characterized in that it comprises: a) at least one nozzle for providing fuel flow to an orifice for of its combustion and   b) air-metering means with a variable surface and responding to   pressure to adjust the airflow, the fuel / air ratios being set over an extended range of operating conditions of the engine.   2 - DiSpositif according to claim 1, characterized   in that the dosing means with a variable surface 7 and   responding to the pressure to adjust the air flow including   an inner circ-t and an external air circuit forming part of an air fuel assembly   blown and to a single fuel distribution.   3 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said metering means comprise an external air circuit forming part of a set of fuel jet of the air supply type and distribution unique fuel.   4 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said metering means comprise an inner air circuit forming part of a nozzle assembly to   blown-air type fuel with a uniform distribution than fuel.   - Device according to claim 1, characterized   in that said dosing means comprise cir-   Cooked inside and outside air of a nozzle set   fuel-type and double-feed type fuel.   6 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said metering means comprise an external air circuit of a fuel nozzle assembly of the   blown air type and dual fuel distribution.   7 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said metering means comprise an internal air circuit of a fuel nozzle assembly   blown-air type and dual fuel distribution   tible. 8 - Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said metering means comprise fuel means, so that the fuel stream is   divided between the nozzle and an actuating means for   to monitor the movement of a surface air metering valve variable.   9 - Device according to claim 8, characterized   in that the variable surface air metering valve com-   takes an external circuit and an internal circuit of   air flow forming part of a blast and dual distribution fuel nozzle assembly of fuel.   - Variable surface air circuit device for a blown air fuel nozzle assembly, characterized in that it comprises: a) a series of jets to ensure the flow of a fluid to an orifice for combustion; and b) a series of variable pressure surface air metering means for adjusting the air flow, the fuel / air ratios being set to an interval   extended operating conditions of the engine.   II - Variable area air circuit device for a fuel distribution facility   two nozzles serving a gas turbine engine,   characterized in that it comprises: a) a primary fuel nozzle to provide   fuel at a primary orifice for combustion at a   fuel discharge rate; b) a secondary fuel nozzle for supplying fuel to a secondary combustion port at a high fuel discharge rate; and c) means for operating the variable area air circuits to adjust the flow of air to the primary and secondary air flow circuits, the fuel / air ratios being set over a wide range of times. operating conditions of the engine.   12 - Variable surface air circuit device for a fuel distribution installation at a nozzle serving a gas turbine engine, characterized in that it comprises   a) at least one fuel nozzle for the purpose of   bible at an orifice for the purpose of combustion; and   b) a means of actiolnement of the air circuit -A to surreal va-   to adjust the airflow to the flow circuit.   the air-to-air ratios being set to one   extended range of operating conditions of the engine.   13 - Variable area air circuit device for a blown air type fuel nozzle assembly, characterized in that it comprises: a) at least one nozzle for delivering cobustitic to an orifice for combustion; and   (b) primary means of airflow with varying surface area   ble to mix the air with the fuel from the nozzle and get a ratio comboustible / air, report   which is set over a wide range of operating conditions motor.   14 - Variable area air circuit device for a blown air type fuel nozzle assembly, characterized in that it comprises: a) at least one nozzle for delivering fuel to an orifice with a view to its combustion; (b) a primary variable surface air flow medium   to mix the air with the fuel from the juicing; and   c) secondary airflow means with variable surface area   ble to mix the air with fuel from the nozzle and obtain a fuel / air ratio, report   which is set over a wide range of operating conditions motor.   Variable-area air circuit device for a blown-air type fuel nozzle assembly, characterized by comprising: a) a primary nozzle for supplying a primary fuel stream to an orifice for the purpose of its combustion; b) a secondary nozzle for supplying a secondary fuel stream to this port for combustion; and c) means for actuating the variable surface air circuits to regulate the flow of air to the circuits   primary and secondary nozzles, the combustion ratios   air / air being set over a wide range of conditions. operative procedures.   A variable area air circuit device for a blown air type fuel nozzle assembly, characterized by comprising: a) a primary nozzle for supplying a primary fuel stream to an orifice for of its combustion;   b) a secondary nozzle to send a current of com-   secondary fuel to this orifice for combustion; c) a variable surface primary air flow means for mixing the air with the fuel at said orifice; and   d) a secondary air flow means with a variable surface area   ble to mix the air with the fuel at said orifice, the fuel / air ratios being set at a   extended range of operating conditions of the engine.   17 - Method of manufacturing an assembly comprising variable surface air circuits for a nozzle of   blown-type fuel and a carrier, characterized rised in that it consists of:   (a) mounting a nozzle body in an envelope of   floor; b) mounting an air swirl device on the body of the nozzle;   c) to mount an actuating piston sleeve on the casing   lump of the nozzle; d) mounting a variable type air metering valve in a sleeve;   e) mounting said nozzle body, the rotation device   flaring air, the actuator piston sleeve, the metering valve and the sleeve on a nozzle support, and mounting a plurality of fuel inlet fittings on said nozzle carrier; and f) placing the nozzle and the nozzle support in an oven so that all the armor rings mounted between them   cooperating organs form Drasés connections which allow to get a unitary set.   18 - Air circulation device with variable surface   apparatus for a blown-air fuel nozzle assembly, characterized in that it comprises: a) support means; b) at least one nozzle connected to these support means and comprising an air metering means for regulating the flow   of air and an orifice to ensure the combustion of this COMBUSTIBLE.   19 - Device according to claim 18, characterized   in that the support means comprise a plurality of inlet fittings to allow the flow of fluid to the nozzles.   Device according to claim 18, characterized   in that the nozzles comprise an integral circuit   flow and an external flow circuit. air.   21 - Device according to claim 20, characterized   characterized in that the inner air flow circuit comprises: a) an axially mounted sleeve; b) a piston slidable longitudinally in this sleeve; c) a spring mounted axially on a piston rod to maintain the thrust of the piston; d) an air metering valve connected to the piston rod; and   e) inlet means for ensuring an integral air flow. towards the nozzle.   22 --Device according to claim 20, characterized   in that the external air flow circuit comprises: a) an outer air metering valve sleeve mounted on the aforesaid sleeve;   b) an external air metering valve mounted on the man-   outside air metering valve; and   c) an inlet means for ensuring an ex-   to the nozzle, the fuel / air ratios being adjusted over a wide range of operating conditions of the motor.