FR2487284A1 - MERCHANT SHIP - Google Patents

Abstract

MERCHANT VESSEL WITH ONE OR MORE BRIDGES FOR THE TRANSPORT OF RETAIL GOODS OF ALL TYPES, PREFERABLY CONTAINERS, OR OF BULK GOODS OR OF ROLLING CARGOES; A MAIN BRIDGE 4 IS EXPECTED OVER THE WHOLE LENGTH AND WIDTH OF THE VESSEL AND FREELY ACCESSIBLE FOR TOTAL USE BY BRIDGE CARGO, PART OF THE ACCOMMODATION AND WORKING SPACES FOR THE CREW, PREFERABLY THE SPACES 7 LODGING, LIVING, LEISURE, MANAGEMENT AND SANITARIES, IS LOCATED UNDER THE MAIN BRIDGE, AND THE OTHER PART, PREFERABLY THE WORKING SPACES FOR NAVIGATION, ARE AVAILABLE AT A LEVEL NOT INTERFERING THE TRANSPORT PROCESS , TRANSHIPMENT AND STORAGE.

Description

Merchant ship.

  The invention relates to a merchant ship with one or more decks for the transport of goods having a relatively low specific weight, of retail goods of all types, preferably containers and / or goods having a relatively high specific weight presented under the form of bulk goods, known as bulk goods, and / or heavy goods in the form

  the form of complex industrial goods, ins-

  chemical plants, locomotives among others, and / or rolling cargo with horizontal transhipment

  between the ground and the ship, formed by cargo

  unit sounds (container, pallets) on wheels (trailer

  ques, collapsible pallets) and cargoes with a

  clean mobility (passenger cars, trucks, machinery

  construction sites, agricultural machinery, and semi- vehicles

  blables). In the freight sector, it is becoming more and more common to load unit cargoes, mainly containers, so as to completely occupy the volume of the hold of normal ships, without however completely using the tonnage of the ship. This trend leads to always increasing the space reserved for loading containers in the

ship and especially on deck.

  The fact that the superstructures are on the main deck precludes more

  pushing of loading places on said navi-

  res. Notoriously, most of the time, they are

  currently located above the engine room

  nes, so the surface of the main deck in

  this area cannot be used as a location

loading.

  To improve the living conditions of equi-

  pages, after analysis of all the ergonomic aspects of the living conditions on board, in particular the noise, vibrations and movements and accelerations of the ship, we must start from the fact that the part suitable for the accommodation of the crew consists of the area ranging from a third to half the length of the ship from the stern. The separation of residential areas, in

  wherever possible, sources of disruption

  coming from the engine room and propeller area to place them in areas of the ship where the relative movements are weaker, makes the problem of use even more acute: space in the

  the ship and the arrangement of the loading places

  on deck. An accumulation towards

  the undesirable bottom in the holds, which disturbs the ex-

  economic operation of the transhipment facility-

  located on board, and the solutions found for

  hatch arrangements often do not provide enough

  plenty of space for hatch covers.

  Technical solutions are already known which partially eliminate the problems described. Thus, the German patent application published under the number 0

  27 27 905 describes a method for moving super

  structures located on the deck of ships, for example

  superstructures for the stay of passengers and staff

  equipment and gangways, located separately or level

  seem to form a unit against the boat, at the front and / or at the back, and a boat arranged for this purpose. However, the deckhouse which can move on the bridge on crane tracks or special rails considerably impairs the operation of hatch cover systems and safety systems.

  transhipment. In practice, the possibility of moving

  The free decking provided in this system can hardly be used, since when the ship is "open" and the deck cargo occupies

  extended areas almost from one end to the other, this solu-

  tion is already disappearing for this reason. According to a

  publication by Kinias, D. and Spethmann, K .: Rouf mo-

  bile for merchant ships, Hansa 117, Year 1980, No. 5, the desired position of the deckhouse to be placed

  regardless of the engine room and in the re-

  gion ranging from a third to half the length of the boat

  sheet from the back, must be obtained internally

  gration of a mobile deckhouse in the hatch system to avoid mutual disruption of

  hatch, deckhouse and transhipment arrangements-

  is lying. In the case where the deckhouse is arranged on an infra-

  structure similar to a hatch-pontoon bridge, the lower part of the bridge acts as a hatch bridge and, in the same way as the hatches

  closing of neighboring holds, closes a complete hold

  usable under the deckhouse location. We have access to this wedge thanks to the fact that the lower part of the

  deckhouse is made in the form of a traveling crane

  praising the principle of the aircraft carrier. The disadvantage of this technical solution lies in the fact that the

  space necessary for the implantation of the deckhouse in the

  re of a hold cannot be used on the main deck for a decked cargo, as the mobility of the mobile deckhouse can extend to the maximum only on a neighboring hold in the presence of deck cranes, and that

  the actual use of port cranes is not practical

not possible.

  The present invention proposes to eliminate the drawbacks mentioned and to increase, thanks to

  the solution according to the invention, the capacity for

  on the main deck of merchant ships

  identified, to obtain a better efficiency of the processes

  plus transport, transhipment and storage for both merchant vessels and for

  transhipment means located on board, and

  improve the service time of ships at sea thanks to

  better productivity during assembly, dismantling,

  tage and repair of machinery installations.

  The invention proposes to provide a merchant ship with one or more decks, which can

  be used for the transport of goods

  tail of all types, preferably containers, and / or for heap goods, known as bulk goods, and / or heavy goods in the form of complex industrial goods and / or rolling cargo with horizontal transhipment of the cargo between the ground and the ship, consisting of unitary cargoes (containers, pallets)

  on wheels (trailers, folding pallets) and cargo

  sounds with their own mobility (tourist cars

  , trucks, construction machinery, agricultural machinery and similar vehicles), and the main deck of which

  can be used for the transport of cargoes

  tees, preferably containers, barrier-free transhipment along the entire length of the main deck and direct vertical access to the engine room

  should be possible from the outside.

  This problem is solved according to the invention

  due to the fact that a main bridge is planned to extend

  over the entire length and width of the boat

  free and freely accessible for total use

  by a deck cargo, that part of the spaces

  accommodation and work for the crew, preferably

  housing, living, leisure spaces,

  management and sanitary facilities, is located under the main bridge

  cipal, and that the other party, preferably the spaces

  for navigation, are arranged at one-

  calf does not interfere with the transport, trans-

edging and storage.

  According to another characteristic of the invention

  tion, workspaces for navigation, as well as living, living and sanitary spaces,

  are arranged on a gantry that can move freely

  along the entire length of the bridge.

  In the presence of one or more portal cranes

  that being able to move freely over the entire length of the bridge, these spaces are arranged on gantry cranes; in the case of at least two gantry cranes, during the operation of the boat, these are assembled and blocked, and the spaces are arranged so as to

to be able to pass from one to the other.

  Advantageously, the accommodation, living, leisure, management and sanitary spaces for the crew are preferably arranged in the region ranging from one third to half the length of the boat to

from the back.

  According to another solution according to the invention,

  the engine room is vertically accessible

  directly from the outside through one or more mounting openings in the main deck, preferably

  be closed with flat bottom hatch covers.

  In addition, advantageously, the main bridge

  cipal is used over the entire length and width of its hold for the transport of rolling cargoes and as a loading area for rolling decked cargo, and for the transhipment of rolling cargoes, an axial rear ramp known per se is provided with a movable bridge ramp

  connecting directly into a bridge opening.

  The solution according to the invention offers a

essential benefits.

  Thanks to the elimination of roufs and super

  structures disrupting the loading and transhipment process, the number of loading locations

  of containers on the main deck is increased by

  about 20%. In addition, transshipment means if-

  killed on board able to move in the direction

  longitudinal on the deck can be installed free-

  along the entire length of the main deck, with a significantly greater transhipment capacity than other known technical solutions. For ships without means of transhipment

  located on board, the transhipment efficiency is also

  Slightly increased by the fact that access to the cargo on the main deck and in the holds using transhipment means located on land is optimal thanks to the arrangement of a gantry that can move freely over the entire length of the main deck and

  supporting workspaces for navigation.

  The most important ergonomic stressors on board, such as noise, vibrations, movements and accelerations of the ship are estimated

  as optimal thanks to the position of the infrared spaces

  crew structure. The current state of the art already completely ensures air conditioning of spaces and their artificial lighting, because the absence of possibility of ventilation and lighting in a direct and natural way through windows does not act

  detriment to the well-being of the crew. Possible-

  The crew can also stay outside in a transportable relaxation shelter. Direct access

  to machinery installations from the main deck

  cipal offers advantages during assembly, disassembly and repair in the sense of increasing the

  vessel service time. In addition, the following solution

  before the invention for a merchant ship which is not specialized as a trans-river vessel, presents

  other advantages. Thanks to the absence of a superstructu-

  res and deckhouses disrupting the loading and transhipment process, the transhipment of a rolling cargo can take place completely outside the ship. Consequently, there is no longer any need for all ventilation and ventilation systems or

  special fire protection measures

  dies. The transhipment process can take place

  freely with an important factor of simultaneity.

  Assuming that the connecting element between the ship's axial rear ramp and the port quay is a floating ramp installation located on the port side, the transhipment capacity is estimated

  equal to that of specialized cross-river vessels.

  The necessary transhipment equipment installed on the merchant ship for horizontal handling is reduced to an axial aft ramp, advantageous from a cost point of view and whose operation is safe, and to a movable deck ramp, advantageous from a cost point of view , simple to use and whose operation is also safe, without water tightness requirements with the main deck. The fact that the ship

  according to the invention is also suitable for trans-

  port of rolling cargo and for the horizontal transhipment of cargo in no way limits the possibilities of use and the resulting advantages

of the merchant ship.

  The present invention will be better understood from

  using the following description of an embodiment

  preferred but not limiting, annexed drawings in which: - Figure 1 according to the invention; - Figure 2 according to the invention; - Figure 3 line A-A of the figure - Figure 4 line B-B of the figure - Figure 5 shown in is a side view of the ship is a plan view of the ship is 1; is 1; east of the ship, along the line - Figure 6 is a sectional view along the a sectional view along the a rear side view B C-C of Figure 6; and a plan view from the back

of the ship.

  Figures 1 to 4 show a following vessel

  before the invention, the shell 1 of which has a bow

  current 2 and a stern 3 with a large transom.

  Under the main deck 4 are the engine room 5, the holds 6, 61 and the accommodation, living, leisure, management and sanitary spaces 7 for the crew, in the area 61 of the hold . The layout of living, living, leisure, management and sanitary spaces 7 is done in the region going

  from one third to half the length of the boat from

  rear shot. The ship largely opened by large hatches above the holds 6 presents itself

  in the form of a double hull boat for

  construction sounds and as required

by manufacturing.

  The crew accommodation spaces arranged in several decks are in the hold region 61, on both sides of the ship in the region where the hull

  is double. It can be accessed from the main bridge.

  pal 4, and they are interconnected in the direction

  transverse tion and to other spaces of the ship by

  gangways 9 in the double hull.

  Two gantry cranes 11 which can move in the longitudinal direction on two rails 10 are arranged on the main deck 4. The workspaces 12 for navigation, such as the bridge, the chart and navigation room, the radio station, etc. , are provided above the front gantry crane 11. Above the rear gantry crane There is

  find living, living and sanitary spaces

  silences 13 for command crew members.

  During the ship's operation, the two gantry cranes II are stopped and coupled together. The spaces

  12 for navigation and living spaces

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  13, accommodation and sanitary facilities for the crew members are arranged so that they can communicate. During loading, the cranes

  at portal 11 work independently of one another

  be along the entire length of the bridge. The cranes are operated from corresponding service stations of these gantry cranes. With a load of 40 t for example for each gantry crane, in combination the two cranes can handle up to 80 t and by

  therefore allow heavy loads to be transhipped

  in the holds 6 or on the main deck 4.

  Above the engine room 5 is pre-

  view of a mounting opening 14 allowing direct vertical access to the engine room 5 from the

main deck 4.

  The height of the chimney 15 is adapted to

  the free passage height of gantry cranes 11.

  Smoke pipes with adjustable height

  these improve the evacuation of exhaust gases.

while the ship is in motion.

  Advantageously, the saving devices

  of the ship are arranged on the gantry cranes 11 while being protected from unwanted contact

  with the sea and mechanical damage.

  Accessibility to workspaces 12 for navigation and to living, living and sanitary spaces 13 located on gantry cranes 11 is

  provided by external stairs.

  The current supply and respectively the connection by conductors for the necessary service, control and measurement cables is carried out by means of flexible cables located in housings provided in the bridge in the region of the rails, and which can be wound on one or more drums by mobile gantry cranes 11, according to

needs.

  Figures 5 and 6 show a ship according to the invention, in the rear part of the main deck 4 of which are located, in an opening 16

  of the bridge, the devices for the horizontal transhipment

  cargo side, namely the axial rear ramp 17 which can be folded down during the transhipment process, consisting of a fixed part and a

  mobile part, and the mobile bridge ramp 18 which

  blit the connection between the loading bridge (main bridge

  cipal 4) and the rear ramp 17 during the transhipment process, with an inclination of

  preferably between 1/7 and 1/10. To have the

  aft tie of the main deck 4 for transporting cargo, the deck ramp 18 can be folded down towards

  the top level with the main deck 4. The cargo-

  its roller is preferably placed on a place-

  loading hatch 19 of the main deck hatches.

  A buffer piece 20 serves to pass freely from the em-

  loading placement 19 at ramp inclination

  of movable bridge 18, directly.

  As it goes without saying, and as it results from

  their already from the above, the invention is not limited

  in no way to those of its embodiments and methods

  which have been more specifically contemplated;

  on the contrary, it embraces all its variants.

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Claims (7)

  1. Merchant ship with one or more bridges for the transport of goods having a relatively low specific weight, of retail goods of all types, preferably containers,   and goods with a specific gravity   of high goods, so-called heap goods   say in bulk, and / or heavy goods of mar-   complex industrial candies, such as ins-   chemical plants, locomotives and devices   similar cargo, and / or rolling cargo with horizontal transhipment between the ground and the ship of unit cargoes (containers, pallets) on wheels (trailers, folding pallets) and cargoes with their own mobility (passenger cars, trucks, construction site, agricultural machinery, and similar vehicles), ship with accommodation and working spaces for the crew, characterized in that a main deck (4) is provided which extends over the entire length and width of the ship and freely accessible for total use by   a deck cargo, that part of the lo-   accommodation and work for the crew, preferably living, living, leisure spaces (7),   management and sanitary facilities, is located under the main bridge   cipal, and that the other party, preferably the spaces   for navigation, are arranged at one-   calf does not interfere with the transport, trans- edging and storage.   2. Merchant ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the workspaces for navigation, and also the accommodation, living and sanitary spaces are arranged on a gantry which can move freely over the entire length of the main deck (4).   3. Merchant ship according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with one or more gantry cranes (11) which can move freely over the entire length of the main deck (4), that the   workspaces (12) for navigation and also   ment, living and sanitary spaces (13) are arranged on these gantry cranes (11), and that in the presence of at least two gantry cranes (11), these are joined together and blocked during the operation of the ship and that the spaces (12) and (13) are arranged so as to be able to communicate with each other. 4. Merchant ship according to any one   claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the   spaces (7) for accommodation, leisure stays, management and sanitary facilities for the crew are preferably arranged in the region ranging from one third to half the length of the ship from the stern, under the main deck (4).   5. Merchant ship according to any one   claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the   engine room (5) is vertically accessible   directly from the outside, through one or more openings   mounting tures (14) arranged in the main deck   (4) and which can preferably be closed with panels flat bottom hatch loops.   6. Merchant ship according to any one   claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the   main deck (4) can be used over the entire length and width of its holds for the transport of rolling cargo and as a loading location (19) for deck-mounted cargo, and for transhipment of the rolling cargo there is provided an axial rear ramp (17) known per se with a bridge ramp (16) movably arranged and connecting directly into an opening (16) of the bridge. 7. Merchant ship according to any one   claims 1 to 6, characterized in that   part of the accommodation and work spaces for the crew is arranged on the main deck (4) of the ship.