FR2462914A1 - RESCUE APPARATUS FOR THE EVACUATION OF PEOPLE BY CABLE - Google Patents

Abstract

APPARATUS INCLUDING A ROLLER 2 PROVIDED ON ITS PERIOD WITH A THROAT IN WHICH THE CABLE IS GUIDED ON A WINDING ANGLE GREATER THAN 180 DEGREES, AND WHOSE BRAKING IS PROVIDED BY A FRICTION ELEMENT. EQUIPMENT CHARACTERIZED BY AN INSTALLATION, INFLUENCED BY THE PERSON CARRIED, TO MODIFY THE BRAKING FORCE, A CABLE MONITORING DEVICE 46 MONITORING THE PRESENCE OF CABLE 1 PROVIDED IN BUILD 90, PROVIDED WITH A MOBILE PROBING UNIT 48 APPLIED AGAINST THE CABLE, AND WHICH, IN THE EVENT OF A CABLE FAILURE, ACTIVATES A TIGHTENING DEVICE 110 TO IMMOBILIZE THE CABLE 1. APPLICABLE IN PARTICULAR TO THE EVACUATION OF PEOPLE.

Description

The invention relates to a rescue apparatus for

  evacuation of people by cable.

  It is known that in case of fire, people

  high floors, can not often

  not be brought on time in safety. Flexible hoses, drop sheets and air cushions are no longer usable for very high floors

and cause some risk.

  The present invention aims to achieve a

  simple device that makes it possible, without problems, to save

  of people who are stuck in the upper floors, in case

fire or other disasters.

  The invention is based on a rescue apparatus comprising

  a frame crossed by a cable for the suspension of the person to evacuate by crable, built in which is mounted in

  rotation a cable roll which is provided on its

  turn of a cable winding groove in which the cable is guided with a winding angle greater than 180 degrees, and for the braking of which at least one friction brake device is provided, which may be applied

pressing against the roller.

  From such an apparatus, the invention is

  controlled by an adjustment device actuable by the person to be evacuated to modify the braking force, with, in addition, a monitoring device for the presence of the cable in the frame, provided with a movable feeler member applied under pressure against the cable, and which, in case of default

  of the cable, actuates a locking device for immobilizing

read the cable.

  Such a device is ready for instant implementation, and evacuation of the person (and possibly also animals or objects) can begin without having to wait for the intervention of firefighters or other rescue forces. . The apparatus is simple to maneuver and can be used repeatedly, because it can always be brought back to the rescue location, for example by a return cable. The person to be rescued can self-regulate the braking of the roller in the desired manner, so that one can

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  take into account the different weight of the various people to evacuate. In the case where the cable is too short, or if

  presents a dangerous thinning, the device of

  cable monitoring goes into operation and interrupts the unwinding process by activating the device

  braking. Consequently no accident can occur

  reduce. It is also advantageous if one of the ends of the cable hangs downwards and can thus be pulled and removed from the building by a rescue person, so that the unwinding of the cable is no longer done vertically, which removes the person evacuated from the effects of flames,

smoke, etc.

  Advantageously, the cable monitoring device is disposed in the area of the point of entry of the cable into the frame, in order to have a large free space for the arrangement of the clamping device and jamming of the cable. It is also advantageous to press the feeler member against the cable, by means of at least one spring, to ensure its application on the cable even in the case of oblique positions of the device. In order to further improve the blockage of the apparatus during a response of the cable monitoring device, it is provided in accordance with another feature of the invention that the monitoring device acts on an immobilizing locking pawl the cable roller engaging in a toothing thereof. It is thus obtained that, during a response from the monitoring device, the cable is not only jammed by the clamping device, but also blocked,

  so that the cable due to the large winding angle

  which is preferably greater than 345 degrees east

  also immobilized by the throat of the roll.

  A particularly advantageous embodiment is obtained, in the context of the invention, by providing that the installation intended to modify the braking force is provided with an axis leaving the frame, the axial displacement of which has the effect of pressing brake discs on a disc mounted on the roller, secured in rotation. The axial displacement of the axis is effected by means of a nut which is screwed

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  on a thread of the axis and which rests on a counter-bearing integral with the frame, the nut being coupled to a component, movable relative to the frame, against the action

  of a spring, by the weight of the person to evacuate.

  The description below relates to examples

  embodiment of the invention indicating other characteristics

  Figs. 1 is an elevational view of a first embodiment, partly in section, with the housing cover removed; Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of Figure 1, butwithout cable;

  Figure 3 is a rear view, partly in section

  pe, a detail of Figure 1; Figure 4 is an elevational view of a jaw for braking the roller; Figure 5 is a sectional view through V-V of Figure 4; Figure 6 is an external view of the brake force modifying installation; Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view, similar to Figure 2, a second embodiment, on a larger scale; Figure 8 is an elevational view, partly in section of this second example in a representation similar to that of Figure 1; Figure 9 is a side elevational view of the frame, partially in section; Figure 10 is a view of the brake force modifying device; FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view, similar to FIG. 2, of a third exemplary embodiment;

  FIG. 12 is a view, partly in section, of the arrangement

  device for modifying the braking force; Figure 13 is a side elevational view, in section, of Figure 11; Figure 14 is an elevational view of a centrifugal force brake with the housing removed; FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional view of a detail of the

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  Centrifugal brake Figure 16 is a plan view of Figure 15

  Figures 17 and 18 are views respectively in elevation

  and in section of the centrifugal force brake casing, and Figure 19 shows a detail in a side elevational view.

  - - - - I --- L-eâb-le-- 1-is - rolls - on - a-rlear2-puvant-

  be braked, with a winding angle greater than 180 degrees and guided on the roller in a groove 3 of wedge-shaped cross-section. For the guidance of the cable are provided pulleys 4, 5, 6, 7 which are rotatably mounted,

  as the cable roller 2, on a base plate 8 of the frame.

  This base plate 8 is connected, by a hinge 9, to a cover plate 10 of the frame, so that the plates 8 and 10 protect the building elements together. These plates 8 and 10 can be locked in their closed position by means of a lever 11, and they carry guide blocks 12, 13 which each delimit, in pairs, a lower inlet opening 14 and a

  upper outlet opening 15 for the cable 1.

  The roller or rope pulley 2 is constituted as a ring which is mounted on the base plate 8 being rotated by seven support rollers 16 applied on its inner periphery. The majority of these support rollers 16 is provided on the side of the cable roller 2 corresponding to the winding of the cable, in order to better absorb

  the pressure exerted by the cable 1.

  Inside the cable roller 2, for its braking

  two back-to-back jaws or brake pads 17, which are placed opposite one another with

  each a flange 18 fixed by rivets (Figures 1, 4 and 5).

  Four bolts 63 pass through elongated holes 19 ser-

  The axes of the support rollers 16 pass next to the jaws 17, which can therefore be spaced apart from one another, without, however, pivoting each jaw. be possible. The two jaws 17 are pressed away from one another by two compression springs 20, which are mounted between the opposite flanges 18, so that

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  their brake linings 21 (FIGS. 4 and 5) are pressed against the inner periphery of the annular cable roller 2. This results in braking of the roller

  which is dependent on the elastic pressure of the springs 20.

  In order to be able to reinforce this braking at will, there are provided, between the flanges 18, two identical eccentrics 22, the axes of which are rigidly connected to one another with

  levers 23, interconnected by a splice 24, of such

  that the two levers can only be rotated in the

  same meaning, and of the same quantity. We thus obtain a pres-

  uniform spacing of the two brake jaws 17, at two points so that the flanges 18 are always parallel to each other, avoiding any jamming in

the movement of the jaws 17.

  To the axis of one of the eccentrics 22, there is connected a displacement lever 25, which is on the outer side of the base plate 8 (FIG. 2), and which can be actuated by a finger pressure of the person to evacuate, so that the brake shoes 17 are caused to act

more or less strongly.

  In addition is still provided a possibility of

  prior adjustment of the braking force of the jaws 17.

  For this, a pivoting lever 26 (FIGS. 2 and 6) is integrally connected to the axis of one of the eccentrics 22, being adjustable in position through an access window 28 of the cover plate 10, its end in needle shape 26 'cooperating with a scale 27 graduated in kilograms. In sight

  the minimum setting of the minimum braking force

  weighing the weight of the person transported, it is provided, on a mounting plate 29, visible through the window 28 of the cover 10, an eccentric disc 30 can be rotated about an axis 31. To this disk of eccentric 30, is

  connected, integral with the rotation, an actuating button 32.

  The eccentric disc 30 bears against the pivoting lever 26, so that, by action on the operating knob 32, it is possible to choose the pivoting position of the lever 26 and thus to adjust as desired the separation force exerted on

the jaws 17.

  In the case where the person to be evacuated by cable

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  is not able to perform these maneuvers

  centrifugal force brake 33 is provided to automatically respond to

  when a predetermined unwinding speed of the cable is reached. This centrifugal force brake is provided with a brake jaw 34, which cooperates with the outer periphery of the cable roller 2, and which is mounted on a brake connection lever 35, which is mounted to pivot about a axis 37, on the base plate 8. This lever 35 is pressed against the roller 2 by a strong traction spring

  36 fixed at 38 on the base plate 8.

  Normally, the braking connection lever 35 is held out of braking action by an appendix 39,

  which is pressed against a disengageable locking nose 40.

  This blocking nose 40 is constituted by a roller which is

  seen from a flattening and laterally carries a disc 41 provided with a salient protrusion 42. This protruding boss 42 can,

  in the case of unwinding speed on the relative cable

  low, passing beyond a stop 43, which is formed by a semianneau articulated pivotally about an axis 44, on the lateral surface of the guide roller 5, and which is maintained in its position close to the When a higher rotational speed of the guide roller 5 is reached, the centrifugal force acting on the abutment 43 becomes sufficiently large to overcome the force of the tension spring 45 and to displace the abutment. radially outwardly, so that it comes to bear against the protruding boss 42 of the disc 41 and then rotate the locking nose 40 sufficiently for a flattening 46 of the appendix 39 is placed in front of the Braking connection lever 35, the lever can thus pivot in the direction of the cable roller 2 so that the brake jaw 34 carried by it is engaged and pressed into the conical groove 3 of the roller 2, with a force determined by the spring 36, so the effect

desired braking is obtained.

  In the unforeseen case where cable 1 is damaged more than half of its diameter or even completely torn off, or if it is too short, the continuation of the course of the

  cable is immediately interrupted as soon as this part

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  cable end, or its end if it is too short, arrives in the area of the inlet opening 14. For this purpose, a cable monitoring device 46 is provided.

  a probing lever 48, mounted directly above the

  14, pivoting about an axis 47 anchored in the base plate 8. This lever is constituted as a bent lever, and it carries, at one end, a feeler wheel 49, which is pressed, by a spring 50, against the cable 1. The other end of the probe lever 48 is constituted as a locking pawl 51, which engages notch in a toothing 52 of the cable roller 2 (Figure 3) and thus opposes a additional rotation of the roll 2, as soon as the feeler lever 48 can pivot under the effect of a fault cable. This pivoting is transmitted via a transmission part 54 mounted to pivot about the axis 53 of the guide roller

  7, on a wedge-shaped clamping piece 55 of a

  This clamping guide 110 is slidably guided in a guide 56 of the base plate 8, and which wedges the cable 1, as soon as this clamping piece 55 has been moved by the transmission part 54 (FIG. 3). Advantageously, there is provided, between the transmission part 54 and the clamping piece 55, a leaf spring 58, pivotally mounted about an axis 57 of the base plate 8. The clamping piece 55, for a better engagement on cable 1, may be provided with

  transverse splines, or bosses 59, or the like.

  In order to prevent slippage of the cable 1 along the roller 2, the conical groove 3 of the roller is

  provided with roughnesses or ribs protruding radially.

  The base plate 8 and the cover plate 10 each carry a handle 60 to which the person transported can grip. At least one of these plates 8 or, preferably, the thicker baseplate 8 carries an eyelet 61, in which a hook is suspended which is connected to a carrier belt, for example a conventional life-saving harness. In addition, the frame is provided, on its outer periphery, projecting rollers 62 (Figure 1) arranged on each side of the two plates 8 and 10, and which are used to cross without impact any protrusions of the masonry,

or the like.

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  It is intended to attach to at least one of the handles

  60, a plug in which the transport person

  The driver can engage his hand, which is pulled rigidly and immobilized at the upper end of the device after grasping the handle. The support pins for the cable roller 2 and for the guide rollers 4 to 7 are provided on bolts

  the thread direction is the same as the direction

  rotation of the roller in question during

  cable. For example, the cable roller 2, during the course of

  cable, rotates counterclockwise (Figure 1), winding on the support rollers 16, which are mounted on threaded pins 16, which are fixed with a left screw on the base plate 8. This avoids

  when rolling, the rollers do not separate from the

than basic.

  The operating mode of the apparatus is as follows: In the event of a fire danger, the cable 1 is firmly anchored, with one of its ends, for example to a window cross. The other end of the cable is passed through the bay and down or projected down. The cable must touch the ground with its free end,

  excess cable length is unimportant.

  The person to be rescued then adapts the harness or belt

  on it and hangs it, by means of the hook, in the

  your 61 of the device. After having opened the device by unlocking the closing lever 11, the cable 1 is then grasped at the point where it rests on the edge of the bay, of the balcony ramp, or the like, the most advanced towards the 'outside. This cable location is introduced in

  opening 15, with a free length of about 50 centimeters.

  meters (towards the bottom). The remainder of the cable is then passed around the guide rollers 4, 5, the grooved roller 2 and the guide rollers 6, 7 as shown.

  in Figure 1 to exit the device through the opening

  This insertion of the cable is facilitated by the conical groove 3 of the roller 2 and also by the

  guide rollers 4 to 7 with groove profile.

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  When engaging the cable in the opening

  14, it is necessary to rotate towards the outside

  When the correct path of the cable is checked through the apparatus, the cover 10 is closed and locked by means of the locking lever 11.

  Before use, the device is set as precisely

  as much as possible on the weight of the person to be transported, by a corresponding rotation of the operating knob 32,

  and the resulting pivoting of the pivoting lever 26. The

  rescue device is then ready for use and the person

  to evacuate can of itself slide down.

  In the case where the speed of descent on the cable is too important for the person transported, it can slow it down by a pressure of the finger on the adjustment lever

  25. A speed of descent that is too fast is automatically

  The cable monitoring device 46 makes a break or a short cable length inconsequential. It is advantageous to provide the lower end of the cable 1 with a node, which, in each case, prohibits the passage of the cable through the device. In the embodiment according to Figs. 7

  at 10, the cable surrounds the roll 2 at a winding angle

  approximately 345 degrees. On the side of the roller 2 away from the base plate 8, is fixed, for braking purposes, a

  brake disc 64 by means of screws 65. Each screw 65 passes through

  the disc 64 and a spacing washer 66 and the cable roller 2, and is screwed into a locking disc 67 provided with a toothing, applied to the roll 2,

  between the latter and the baseplate 8. On the inner face

  re of the base plate 8 is further screwed by six

  threaded studs 70, the flange 68 of a sleeve 69.

  These support studs 70 serve at the same time as guides for compression springs 71, which press an inner brake lining 72 against the brake disc 64. The bearing studs 70 are threadedly engaged in bores for retaining the brake. disc brake lining 72, so that it said 72 can slide axially of a limited stroke. This gives a certain braking

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  preliminary brake disc 64, and thus the cable roller

2 himself.

  The sleeve 69 guides a mounting pin 73, which is immobilized against rotation by means of a transverse pin 75 engages in a milling 74 of the sleeve 69, so that the mounting pin 73 can not rotate either. This axis 73 passes through the braking disk 72 with brake lining 72 ', which is mounted to slide axially, then the disk of. brake 64 and another brake lining 76 ', which is provided on an outer braking disc 76, which is screwed on an extension 73' of smaller diameter

  and which is provided with a thread, of the mounting pin 73.

  On this extension 73 'is also screwed a support disk 77 blocked by a lock nut 78. By a rotation of a nut 79, which is screwed onto a thread 80 of the mounting shaft 73, and which presses, through a ball bearing 81,

  on the front face of the sleeve 69, in the direction of the

  1 of a watch (FIG. 10) by means of a handle 82 which is connected to it, a longitudinal displacement of the mounting pin 73 is caused so that the stuffing disc 76 is pressed firmly with its packing. braking 76 '

against the brake disc 64.

  On a flange 79 'of the nut 79, is fixed, with the interposition of spacers, a support plate 83 (Figure 10) for two walls 84 carrying the handle 82. Between the flange 79' and the support plate 83 is articulated around a hinge screw 85, one

  ends of a splint 86. This splint 86 is

  abutment, around a screw 87, to a slide 88, which is guided on a guide 89 outside the base plate 8 and which is provided, outside the frame 90 (Figure 9) of the eyelet 61 for with the hooking of the carabiner, no

represented, of a harness.

  On the slide 88 is fixed a strong tension spring 91, whose other end is fixed at 92 to the base plate 8. Another tension spring 93 forms a connecting spring, which is fixed, with one end, to the base plate 8, and with its other end, the slide 88. Another connection spring 94 is fixed

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  with one end to the base plate 8, and, with its other end, to a traction splint 95 articulated on the

support plate 83.

  The arrangement described is such that, in the unloaded state, that is to say the slide 88 not out of the housing, the axis of the spring 94 and the axis of the splice 95 are not aligned with each other. but form an obtuse angle. In order to oppose a pendulum movement of the splint 95, it is

  provided another spring 96 which is fixed to the base plate 8.

  This spring 91 tends to pull the slider 88, and thus the handle 82 which is permanently connected to it in a predetermined position, such that in the non-use state the braking is always set to a value predetermined. If the slider 88 is loaded by the weight of the body of the person to be transported, and when a minimum determined load is reached, the connection spring 93 first enters into action, and, later, the connection spring 94. The braking of the cable roller 2 is thus automatically always in correspondence with the

  weight of the person to be transported.

  The cable monitoring device 46 comprises, here also, a probing lever 48 mounted to pivot about an axis 47 (FIG. 8), the feeler wheel 49 of which is

  pressed, by a spring not shown, against the cable 1.

  A locking pin 97 riveted to the probe lever 48 is, during a normal thickness of the cable, during the descent, in the path of an axis 98, which is pivotally mounted about an axis 99 on the base plate 8, or on the cover plate 10. If the pivoting of the feeler lever 48 about the axis 47 is possible in the direction of clockwise (Figure 8), the locking pin 97 slides out of the axis 98, so that the locking pawl 51 can also rotate clockwise about the axis 99 and engage notch, with its teeth, in the teeth 52 of the blocking disk 67, so that the cable roller 2 is immediately blocked against rotation. Simultaneously, the locking pawl 51 moves, with its end 99 ', the transmission part 54 guided to slide against the base plate 8, against

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  a trigger lever 100 and rotates the latter sufficiently far enough for a nose 101 of this lever 100 to slide from a boss 102 of a disc 103 of the cable locking device 110, so that it is released and can pivot, under the action of a spring 104, about an axis 105, and thus be automatically pressed against the cable 1, by pressing against the guide 56, so that the cable 1

  is braked for the rest of his race.

  The guide roller 6 may be made of

  to be slightly braked, so that cable 1 is

  pressed vigorously in the conical groove 3 of the roll 2.

  In addition, the roller 106 may be provided, mounted on a bent lever 107, which is pivotally mounted about an axis 108 on the feeler lever 48 and which is pivoted, by a spring 109 fixed to the base plate 8 , so that the

  roller 106 is pressed against the guide roller 7 ', so as to

  re that the cable 1 is compressed in the conical groove of the guide roller 8. The braking which opposes the slip of the

cable 1 is thus reinforced.

  If the person to be evacuated wishes to change the speed of descent on the cable, this speed can be reduced by a rotation of the handle 82 in the clockwise direction and be increased by a rotation in the opposite direction. It is thus possible to achieve a braking of

  roll 2 until it stops completely.

  The cable must not absolutely be made of

  a rope of hemp, but it is also possible to use

  use a steel cable and, if necessary, even a chain.

  In the embodiment according to Figures 11 to 18, the cable roller 2 is provided with two tapered grooves 3 and 3 'juxtaposed which are traversed one after the other by the cable. The cable 1 enters the frame through the inlet opening 14, it passes against the feeler roller 49 applied against the periphery of the roller 2 and is then wound to the right (FIG. 13) around the guide roller 7, where it goes in the direction of the arrow to

  the guide roller 6, which is passed to the left by the cable.

  The cable then passes in front of the locking device 110, then on another guide roller 111 supported obliquely

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  on the base plate 8, wraps around it on a half turn to the right and is then guided to the throat

  outer cone 3 'of the cable roller 2. The cable locks

  in this groove 3 'on a winding angle of about 270 degrees and then passes, from the roller 2, to the guide roller 5 which is constituted as a double feed roller around which the cable is wound twice in rotation to the right . From the roller 5, the cable passes into the other conical groove 3 located further inside the roller 2 and surrounds it again at an angle of about 270 degrees. The cable 1 then leaves the roller 2 and is directed by means of the guide roller 4 to the guide block 12 provided with four rollers. The screws 65, which fix the brake disk 64 to the base plate 8, serve as a guide. time at fixing the disc of

  toothed lock 67 and another ring gear 112. The govern-

  support jaws 70 for fastening the flange 68 of the sleeve 69 serve at the same time as axes for the support rollers 16. The brake lining inner disc 72 is pressed against the brake disc 64 by a compression spring single helical 71, which is engaged here in a recess of the sleeve 69. The outer disc brake lining 76 has externally a hexagonal recess 113, which is housed as a counter nut 78 a hexagonal flange 78 of the mounting pin 73. The nut 79 which is screwed onto the thread 80 of the shaft 73 is supported, with the interposition of a ball bearing

  81, against the base plate 8 and the sleeve 69, as counter

  bearing. The slider 88 which is coupled with the nut 79 is again loaded by a spring 91, one end of which is fixed to the base plate 8 by means of a hinge 91 ', and the other end of which is connected by the intermediate of a hinge 115, to a flexible traction member 114 in the form of a roller chain. This traction member 114 is passed over a portion of the periphery of the nut 79 (Figure 12) which is provided with a toothing 116 in which are engaged the individual links of the roller chain of the traction member. Extraction of the slide out of the guide 89

  of the frame, against the action of the spring 71, consequently causes

  this a rotation of the nut 79. The mounting shaft 73 can not

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  not follow this rotational movement because it is engaged, with its hexagonal periphery (Figure 13) in a central opening, also shaped hexagon, to the sleeve 69 so as to slide longitudinally, this sleeve being screwed permanently on the frame 90. A rotation of the nut 79 in a clockwise direction (FIG. 12) during the extraction of the slide 88 from the frame 90 consequently causes a longitudinal displacement of the tax 73 to the left (FIG. 11), so that the brake linings 72 ', 76' which are riveted to the structural members 72 and 76, are pressed against the brake disc 64.

  thus produces a braking force that automatically adjusts

  on the weight of the person being transported, because this braking force is even greater

  the person is taller and pulls the slider further

  bucket 88 of the frame 90, against the force of the spring 91. When this extraction force ceases, the slide 88 enters again into the frame 90 and in its guide 89, under the action of the spring 91, until it is applied by an abutment

  88 'on the lower edge 901 of the frame 90.

  The periphery of the nut 79 is not entirely in the form of a circular arc, but it has a portion

  flattened 117 which extends to near the axis 118 of -

  the nut. This flattening 117 is toothless 116 (FIG. 12) and has the effect that, during a large extraction stroke of the slide 88, that is to say at a heavy weight of the person transported, the distance h (figure

  12) between the periphery of the nut 79 and its rotational center.

  (axis 118), that is to say the lever arm with which the spring 91 tends to rotate the nut in the direction

  counterclockwise, becomes smaller.

  Consequently, in the case of significant weight of the

  the spring 91 acts on the nut 79 with a shorter lever h. The arrangement is such that, even when the maximum extraction of the slide 88, limited by another stop 88 ", is present, the braking force exerted by rotation of the nut 79 on the brake disc 64, still only about 95% of the braking force

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  necessary to bring the device to a complete stop.

  This avoids that, in the case of heavy weight, there occurs an unwanted shutdown of the device. In order to avoid that, in the case of large weights, the speed of descent is too great, there is provided a centrifugal force brake 33 (Figures 12 and 14 to 18) which is rotatably connected to the roller 2 for block it and thus cause the device to shut down. This centrifugal force brake 33 is rotated from the ring gear 112 (FIG. 11) which is rotatably connected to the roller and which meshes with a toothed gear 119 whose shaft passes through the base plate 8 and bears externally another gear 120 which is the beginning of a gear train with multiple stages of speed acceleration. For this, the gearwheel 120 meshes with a smaller gearwheel 121, which is keyed to the shaft of a larger gear 122, which meshes with a smaller gearwheel 123 (FIG. 12), which is locked onto the shaft of a larger toothed wheel 124. The latter drives, via two other gears 125, 126, the shaft 127 of the centrifugal force brake 33. All the gears 120 to 126 are supported on the base plate 8 on which is also screwed the shaft 127 by means of a nut 128 (Figure 16). The toothed wheel is freely rotatably mounted on the shaft 127 and is engaged not only with the toothed wheel 125, but also by means of a notch crown 129 (FIGS. 15, 16) with two locking pawls 130, which are pivotally mounted on a mounted support disc 131

  rotation on the axis 127 and which are driven by

  spells in the notches of the crown 129. On the support disc 131, are further pivotably mounted two brake lining supports 132 (FIGS. 14, 15, 16) about axes 133 and two multiplier levers 134, pivoting about axes 135. The multiplier levers 134 each have, in the vicinity of their point of articulation, on each axis 135, a rounded appendix 136 which is applied against the back of the neighboring brake lining support.

  132, and which is shaped in such a way that when

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  In the case of the multiplier lever 134 in the clockwise direction, a brake braking pressure of the carrier in question 132 is applied against the inner periphery 137 of a housing ring 138 (FIGS. 17, 18). . This casing is fixed, by means of a flange 139, by through screws, to the base plate 8. It laterally has an opening 140 through which the toothed wheel 125 can project into the interior of this casing ring. 138 for meshing with the gear wheel

126.

  Each brake lining support 132 is furthermore hinged to a spring 141, the other end of which is hooked into an opening of a disk 142 which is rotatably mounted on the axis 127. By means of a Seeger ring 143, are prevented both a rotation of the disk 142 and

axial displacement of the axis 127.

  In the case of a normal weight of the trans-

  range, the braking force exerted automatically on the brake disc 64 is sufficient to achieve the desired descent rate. If, however, this weight is too great, the traction spring 91 comes into action with its shortened lever arm h, and it still remains, even when the slide 88 is completely removed from the housing, a remaining force which is automatically braked by the brake by centrifugal force 33, so that the desired descent rate is established. If the speed with which the support disc 131 rotates on the axis 127 increases, the two brake lining supports 132, under the effect of the centrifugal force, will be turned outwardly about their axes of articulation 133 , so that the brake linings will start to apply against the inner wall of the housing, against the action of the springs 141. This action is supported by the fact that the multiplier levers 134, which can be provided with load weights , begin to pivot about their articulation axes 135 and thus press with their appendages

  136 the rear faces of the brake lining

  age 132 by applying these gaskets to the housing. More is the magnitude of pivoting of the multiplier levers

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  134, and more forcefully the brake pads of the supports 132 are applied to the braking surfaces

of the casing ring 138.

  In the case where the descent of the device along the cable is abruptly interrupted, for example because the cable monitoring device 46 observes the entry of the end of the cable into the device or a thinning

  of the cable, the rotational movement of the roller 2 is

  broken, resulting in an interruption of the movement

  the rotation of the toothed wheel 126 and thus the ring gear 129. Due to the inertia of the support disc 131 and the construction elements that it carries, this disc still rotates towards the arrow

  (Figures 14, 15), so that the bevel teeth

  Ratchets 130 extend out of the notches of the crown 129

  against the action of the application springs pawls.

  The support disk 131, and the elements that it carries can

  wind then rotate freely, so that it can not occur breakage of the centrifugal force brake 33, nor any shear of the teeth of the transmission mechanism

with toothed wheels 119 to 126.

  The cable monitoring device 46 here derives its operation from the feeler roller 49 which is mounted to rotate on a slide 146, which is slidably guided by means of a pin 148 engaged in an elongate slot 147 on the base plate 8 This slide is pulled to the left by a spring 149 which is fixed at 150 on the bottom of the frame, so that the feeler roller 49 is pressed permanently against the cable 1. The slide 146 carries an axis 151 which is bears against a branch of a locking lever 152, which is mounted to pivot about an axis 153 on the base plate 8, and which is loaded by a spring 154 to turn counterclockwise around the axis 153, so that the branch of the locking lever 152 bears with prior tension on the axis 151. The locking lever 152 has a nose, which, in normal operation of the apparatus, is engaged behind a boss 98 of a locking pawl 51, which e It is pivotally mounted to the axis 53 on the base plate 8, and is loaded by a spring 51 'for a clockwise pivot about the axis 53. The locking pawl 51 carries two teeth 51 ', which meshes with the toothing 52 of the locking disk 6T which is connected to the cable roller 1, and which can thereby block the

roll 1.

* The pivoting of the locking pawl 51 resulting from this blocking is transmitted by means of a lever

  trigger 156, which is engaged by an allon-

  ge, about an axis 157 of the pawl 51, and which is mounted to pivot about the axis of the guide roller 7, on the base plate 8. This trigger lever 156 is connected by a hinged splint 158 on it, with another locking lever 159 which is pivotable about axis 160 of the base plate 8, and which is loaded in the direction of a clockwise rotation by a spring The locking lever 159 blocks, with a nose 162, the end of a sliding lever 163, which is pivotally mounted about an axis 164 on the base plate 8, and which is loaded by a spring 165 in the direction of an anti-clockwise pivoting movement The lever 163 is connected by a splice 1166 to a wedge-shaped clamping piece 55 which can slide along a wall extending in the form of coim 168 of the guide 56 fixed to the base plate 8, so that the clamping piece 55 presses, with a denture 169, against the outer surface of the cable 1 and blocks it, which is pressed against a wall 170 of the locking device

cable 110.

  In order for this cable locking device to be able to go back after its release, a splice 1171

  is connected to articulation with the lever 163 and is articulated-

  itself to a return lever 172, which is pivotally mounted about an axis 173 on the base plate. This return lever advances, with a hook portion 172 'through a not shown slot of the housing cover,

  as soon as the cable tightening device 110 has been -déclen-

  ket. If it is desired to release the cable clamp again, as soon as the person descended is safe, he

19 2462914

  simply push back towards the inside of the housing the part of the return lever 172, which protrudes out of this slot,

  In addition, the apparatus is constructed in such a way that

  that, by opening the housing cover 10, which extends along a seal 187, on the base plate 8, the entire cable monitoring device, i.e. construction actuated by the feeler roller 49, is automatically returned to its starting position. For this, with the cover 10 (FIG. 19) which can pivot about the axis of the hinges 9, is connected an extraction cam 175, in the slot-shaped opening of

  which is guided an axis 176 of a lever with two arms 177.

  This lever is pivotally mounted, on a block 178 of the base plate 8, about an axis 179 and, on its other arm, it carries an axis 180 which can slide in an elongated bore of a part 181. This part is spring-mounted on an axis 182 (Figure 19) of an extraction slide 183 (Figure 13). Between this slider and the piece 181, is further disposed a cam 184 attached to the slider. When the pivoting lever 177 pulls the piece 181 to the right (FIGS. 13, 19), the cam 184 which is riveted on the slide 183 engages, with its protruding nose, a roller 185 (FIG. 13) which is at the moment in the position 185 'indicated in dotted line, and thus pivoting the locking pawl 51, about its hinge axis 53, out of its locking position. The projection 98 of the pawl 51 then slides on the oblique frontal surface of the nose 155 of the locking lever 152, until the nose can catch snap behind the protrusion 98 under the action of the spring 154. This results that the locking pawl 51 is again immobilized in its released position of the toothing 52. * At the same time, by sliding the slide 183, the latter relies on

  with a recess 186 against the lateral surface of

  che (Figure 13) of the slide 146, because the two slides 146 and 183 are in the same plane. As a result,

  slide 146 is returned to the extraction position con-

  force of spring 149 and is maintained there for as long as

  time the lid is open. After insertion and insertion of the cable, and after closing the lid 10, before

2462914

  locking thereof, the pivoting lever 177 is returned, by the cam 175, to its rest position shown in Figure 19, so that the part 181, and thus also

  the cam 184 and the slide 183 are moved to the left

  sufficiently for the slider 147, under the action of the spring 149, to be brought to the left until

  that the feeler wheel 49 comes to apply to the

  cable tower. The axis 151 of the slider 146 is then always on the right side (FIG. 13) of the locking lever 152, so that this lever, which prevents the pawl 51 from tilting in the toothing 52, is not pivoted out. from its blocking position. This will only occur when the feeler roller 49 can move far enough to the left, for example when the end of the cable is introduced into the device, or in the case of a decrease in thickness of the cable. In this way, the feeler roller 49 does not interfere with the positioning of the cable, because when the lid 10 is opened, it is brought back into position.

rearward by the slider 146.

  The cable route through the device is

indicated by arrows.

  In case the cable is too much

  short, to allow the user to descend, to reach

  floor, the entrance to the lower end of the cable

  in the entrance opening of the appliance, as well as its

  through the feeler roller 49 are immediately noted.

  On the one hand, the cable blocking device 110 then responds and the end of the cable is blocked. On the other hand, and at the same time, any further rotation of the cable roller and the braking disc which is connected thereto is prevented by the locking pawl 51. Since the cable is

  wound twice around the roll 2, a-slip of

  cable along the corner grooves 3 and 3 'is impossible.

  corn. A fall of the person descended to the lower extremity

  cable is thus prevented with safety.

  Since the device, with appropriate preparation (correct installation of the cable inside the housing) requires no intervention of the person descended, no incident is possible to a mistake of

21 2462914

  maneuver. Since the correct descent speed * is automatically reset, the device, although intended primarily for the evacuation of people in danger, can also be used for descent of objects of all kinds.

22 2462914

Claims (22)

-R E V E N D I C A T I 0 N S -   1. Rescue apparatus for the evacuation of persons by cable comprising a frame for the attachment of the person to be lowered, in which is mounted rotatably a cable roller (2) provided on its periphery with a throat   for the cable in which it is guided on an angle of   bearing greater than 180 degrees, and whose braking is   provided by an element applicable against him, a device   characterized in that it comprises an installation, which can be influenced by the person being transported, for the modification of the braking force, and a cable monitoring device (46) controlling the presence of the cable (1) in the frame (90). ), provided with a movable feeler (48) applied against the cable and which, in case of cable departure, operates   a clamping device (110) for securing the cable (1).   Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable monitoring device (46) is arranged in the range of the input location (14) of the cable (1) in the frame (90).   3. Apparatus according to any one of the claims   1 or 2, characterized in that the sensing element (48)   is applied against the cable by at least one spring (50).   4. Apparatus according to any one of the claims   1 to 3, characterized in that the monitoring device   cable lance (46) also acts on a locking pawl (51) to immobilize the cable roller (2) by engaging in a toothing (52) thereof.   5. Apparatus according to any one of the claims   1 to 4, characterized in that the sensing element (48)   acts on the cable locking device (110) through the   a transmission piece (54) and a spring of compression (58).   6. Apparatus according to any one of the claims   1 to 5, characterized in that for lifting the probe member (48) and disengaging it from the cable (1), and for rotating   outwardly the locking pawl 451) out of the denture   re (52) of the cable roller (2), there is provided a slider   (183) actuated by a cover plate (10) of the frame (90). 23 2462914   7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized   in that, on the lid (10) is fixed a curve of   extraction cam (175) which, during a movement of the cov-   cle (10), moves the slide (183) via a pivoting lever (177), this slide acting on another slide, which carries a roller constituting the organ probing (49).   Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized   in that the slider (183) moved by the cam curve (175) itself carries another cam curve (184) which, when the slider (183) moves, is applied against a roller ( 185) of the locking pawl (51) to tilt the latter out of engagement with the toothing (52) of the cable roller (2).   9. Apparatus according to any one of the claims   1 to 8, characterized by a return device (171,   172) assigned to the target blocking device (110).   Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized   in that the cable locking device (110) pre-   a wedge-shaped wedging piece (55) which serves to return a return lever (172), which projects out of the frame (90) into the position of the workpiece   corner (55) for which it blocks the cable (1).   Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized   in that the return lever (172) is connected, via a splint (171) to a lever (163), which moves the locking piece (55).   Apparatus according to any of the claims   1 to 11, characterized in that the blocking device   cable gap (110) is disposed at a location of the housing (90) which is remote from the cable entry opening (14) (1) in the crankcase.   Apparatus according to any of the claims   1 to 12, characterized in that the adjusting device for changing the braking force comprises a mounting pin (73) extending from the frame (90), by the axial sliding of which brake lining disks (72, 76 ) are   pressure applied against a solid brake disc (64)   rotating the cable roller (2), a nut (79) serving 24629294   moving the mounting pin (73), being screwed on a   threading (80) of this axis and leaning against a counter   bearing connected to the frame, the nut being coupled with a construction part, movable relative to the frame, loaded, against the action of a spring (91), by the weight of the person to carry.   Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized   risé in that the counter-support is constituted by a sleeve   (69) surrounding the mounting axis (73).   15. Apparatus according to any one of the   13 or 14, characterized in that the piece of con-   truction, mobile is constituted by a slider (88)   guided on the frame or in the frame (90).   Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized   in that the nut (79) is coupled to the slider (88)   by means of an articulated splint (86).   17. Apparatus according to any of the claims   13 to 16, characterized by a handle (82) which is   rotatably connected to the nut (79), for the person to dre.   Apparatus according to any of the claims   13 to 17, characterized in that on the nut (79) or on the handle (82) is fixed the end of at least one tension spring (94, 96), the other end of which is fixed to the frame (90).   19. Apparatus according to any of the claims   13 to 18, characterized in that the construction part   tion loaded by the weight of the person to be transported is connected to the nut (79) by means of a flexible traction member (114) which is applied on the periphery of the nut (79), integral with that in its displacement, and connected at its other end with the spring (91), in which case the periphery of the nut (79) is at a distance h from the axis (118) of the mounting pin (73). ), which is reduced in the   important weight of the person to be   port at the end of the rotational path of the nut (79), so that in this area of the rotational stroke the spring (91) acts on the nut (79) with a lever arm shortcut.   Apparatus according to claim 19, characterized   characterized in that the pulling member (114) is a chain, in particular a roller or bushing chain, the links of which engage in a toothing (116) provided on the periphery of the nut (79).   Apparatus according to any of the claims   19 or 20, characterized in that the braking force caused at the end of the rotation of the nut (79) amounts only to a large portion, for example 95%, of the braking force required for the immobilizing the cable roller (2), and, to apply the remaining braking force necessary for the complete blocking of the roller   cable (2), a centrifugal force brake (33) is provided.   rotate the roller (2).   Apparatus according to claim 21, characterized   in that, with the cable roller (2), a toothed ring gear (112) coaxial with the nut (79) is connected, which accelerates the centrifugal force brake (33) via a geared transmission to one and preferably several stages.