FI97847B - Forest-sowing machine and forest-sowing process - Google Patents

Description

Forest sowing machine and method for sowing a forest.

97847

The invention relates to a forest sowing machine comprising at least one soil cultivating disc and means for sowing seeds 5 after cultivation and a method for sowing a forest.

Current methods of reforestation use plowing, hoeing or patching that heavily shapes the land, 10 which can accelerate the reforestation of the reforestation sector. In addition, these current methods normally substantially remove surface thermal insulation, moss or municipal matter, allowing frost, especially on fine-grained soils after rain, to cut the roots of 15 seedlings in the Sirkka degree (rust effect).

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved forest seed drill as well as an improved method for sowing a forest. The starting point of the invention is to provide a very simple, reliable and inexpensive machine for seeding the seedbed of forest trees and at the same time a seed drill.

. ·. ·. Its tractor is a standard four-wheel-drive agricultural tractor, the chassis of which should preferably be protected in difficult terrain conditions. It is an object of the invention to provide a seed drill with which it is possible to sow a mixed forest in one run, i.e. simultaneously the seeds of several tree species, including deciduous birch.

\ * ‘Tillage and sowing are then carried out according to the direction of travel of the machine; to those lewd.

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In order to achieve the objects of the invention, the forest seed drills according to the invention are characterized by the things set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1. The model 1 according to the invention is in turn characterized by the matters set out in the characterizing part of claims 53 to 7.

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Using the seed drill and method according to the invention, it is possible to cultivate the soil as little as possible so that the thermal insulation of the ground, moss, municipality or twigs, protects the cotyledons from the frost caused by the frost and the grass seeds are not activated for growth. The cultivation is carried out only in such a minimum amount that it ensures the start of the growth of the tree both from the seeds sown by the machine and also from the seeds coming from nature.

An important role of the seed drill according to the invention is that when sowing mixed forest, birch and partly pine as pioneer trees and fast-growing trees can prevent excessive grassing during the regeneration phase and can protect the spruce from spring frosts. This would make it possible to cope completely with the use of 15 plant protection products. In addition, it is also important that the densely sown mixed tree makes a branchless rootstock up to the core possible, and when it starts to grow directly from the seed, the tree makes a good root system and therefore also a straight trunk. This makes it possible to significantly increase the quality level of the raw material used for sawing and plywood production and, in addition, to increase the number of trees that can tolerate or need each other in parallel or alternately.

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25w In the following, the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 schematically shows a top view of an embodiment of a forest seed drill according to the invention: • · · · • · «•« · • · · *. Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of Fig. 1; lane seed drill, * · • · • * β5 · * Fig. 3 shows a side view of an embodiment of a cultivating disc * · · used in a seed drill according to the invention, Fig. 3 97847 Fig. 4 shows a seed wheel arrangement of a seed drill according to the invention,

Fig. 5a shows another drill wheel arrangement of a seeding machine according to the invention, and

Fig. 5b shows, by way of example, the fitting of the cavities of the sprockets and the plate nails.

The seed drill according to the figures comprises a seed unit 1 fixed to the transverse frame beam 6a of the frame part 6 to be connected to the tractor by an articulation 9, formed by longitudinal rods 7,8, between which a soil cultivating disc 2 with associated seeding members 2-16 is mounted. mounted between the longitudinal bars 7, 8 of adjustable angular position. This angular position adjustment can be performed, for example, by holes 10 formed in the end of the outer longitudinal rod 7 and by a fastening member 30 connected to the end 24 of the plate 2 shaft 24, through which an elongate fastening groove 31 is formed, through which a suitable fastening pin 20, e.g. a locking pin, can be inserted. The design of the end of the handle 7 with the holes 10, e.g. as shown in Fig. 1, makes this • · adjustment of the angular position a very simple operation.

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In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, there are two sowing units 1 mounted so that the discs 2 are IM »· turned at angles opposite to the direction of travel A of the machine.

·· !: positions. Such sowing units 1 can also be mounted * · - »h * · transverse 1 le 6a also only one piece or several e.g. e.g. three or four pieces.

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Figure 4 shows one of the cavity wheels 1a 2a-12c and the plates! 2 mounting arrangement 1 for the shaft 24. The cavities 12a-12c are * · * rotatably connected to the shaft 24 by means of bearings 25 on the coupling sleeve 26 of the attachment so that they are rotatable: 3-5. can be mounted around the sleeve 26 and lockable, e.g. with a locking screw. -: to the desired adjustment position to synchronize the cavities of the cavities • »« with the operation of the shaping nails 3-5 on the plate 2.

* 97847 4

The plate 2 is connected to the fastening sleeve 26 by means of a flange 27, which flange is connected, e.g. by welding, to the fastening sleeve 26. The plate 2 and the flange 27 are suitably connected to each other by bolted joints 28.

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Figures 2 and 5a show in more detail an embodiment of the seed sowing members 12-16 of the seed drill according to the invention. The essential element of the seeding members is at least two coulter wheels 12a, 12b, 12c mounted on the same shaft 24 as the disc 2, which cavity wheels are in each case intended for seeds of different species of wood. A separate seed container 13 is arranged above each cavity wheel and below it a funnel 14 from which the seed supply pipe 15 leaves, the lower edge of which is close to the lower edge of the plate 2. The funnel 14 preferably extends 15 uniformly below all the cogwheels 12a-12c, but if desired a separate funnel with supply pipes can be provided below each cogwheel. Figure 5a shows in more detail a structural solution for hollow wheels. Each cavity wheel 12a-12c each has at least one cavity 19 and 20 and 21, respectively, for receiving seeds 20 from the seed hopper 13. Each cavity wheel is further formed with a sweeping groove 22 passing through said at least one cavity 19-21, into which

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, is placed on the sweeping member 16 for dropping the seeds in the cavity into the hopper 14 and further into the feed tube 15.

In addition, each side of this scanning groove 22 preferably has mounting grooves 23 in which the lower edges of the opposite side edges of the seed hopper 13 can be mounted. The lower edge of the seed hopper is preferably sealed against the upper surface of the hollow wheel in question by means of a suitable sealing member (not shown) .Inside the outer hollow wheels 12a, 12c there are bearing members (not shown) for rotating the hollow wheels about the shaft 24. in the exemplary embodiment (Fig. 5a) the mounting sleeve of the cavity wheels lf ki is fastened, e.g. by welding, a flange member •> 55 ·· 17a and on the opposite side of the plate 2 there is a second flange member •b · e.g. with bolts 18. The cavities 12a-12c are 97847 5 mounted on the shaft 24 so as to be synchronized with the board formed on its outer circumference. with the nails 3S (Fig. 3), so that the hollow wheel 12a-12c, in each case intended for the seeds of a certain tree species, sows the seeds with the corresponding treatment nail 3-5 to make the treatment. The largest cultivation claw 5 shown in Fig. 3 is intended for birch, the smallest cultivation claw 4 for spruce and the medium cultivation claw 3 for pine. Correspondingly, the cavity wheel 12a with the largest cavity 19 is intended for birch seeds and the cavity wheel 12b with the smallest cavity 20 for spruce seeds, and the cavity wheel 12c with a slightly larger cavity 21 for pine seeds. The cavities of the cavity wheels can be made according to the seed size that can be used individually (processed or unprocessed seed) and the cavity-15 wheels can be individually replaced if necessary. The operation of the cavity wheel 12a is synchronized with the shaping claw 5 and the operation of the cavity wheels 12b and 12c, respectively, with the shaping claws 4 and 3.

2 (1 When using the seed drill according to the invention, the seeds of at least two different tree species are sown simultaneously in at least one row of the machine direction, in which case one tree species is preferably birch and the other tree is a conifer, such as pine or spruce. Fig. 5b shows an example of synchronizing the cavities of the cogwheels and the nails of the plate 2, showing the circumferential part of it 2 and the part of the cuff of the cogwheels 12a 12c, respectively, straightened to the plane, in the example shown for the birch. The yoke is fed 19 colopyor '2 ··. From two cavities 19 birch leaves mother ia and corresponds to ...: vast i ke, li .-. Py -> .- i en 12b and 12c from one cavity spruce and: Moon; a. Kuusol le means the nailed working nails; ·. to make and 1 size of the input.a in turn kuusi: apple ia koiruus _ ··, ta kolopyor 1 2b from hole 20 and birch and mannyns i ome n i a Already ”from one cavity of the corresponding colopy wheel. Scuraavaan m.innyillu t urku irn. > ~ season; a Ikeen svot, ui tan equivalent ·. ; hi mannyns i emon i a from three - ··,!. »nynran 1 2c furniture 21 and 97847 6 from one of the hollows of a birch and a sprocket corresponding to the seeds of a spruce. In this way, the seed drill according to the invention sows the seeds of these different tree species in principle all the time, but it is essential that after the cultivation of the cultivation nail for a certain tree species 5, substantially the seeds of that tree species come. The cavities of the coulter wheels are suitably dimensioned so that at least two seeds are sown from each cavity in each case.

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Claims (7)

97847 7 A seed drill O) comprising at least one soil cultivating disc (2) and means (12-16) for sowing seeds after cultivation, characterized in that the sowing means comprise at least two different hollow wheels for seeds of different tree species (12a). l2c) which are on the same shaft (24) as the plate (2), that the circumference of the plate (2) has at least two different sizes of working nails (3-5) intended for a particular species of wood, and that the cavities (12a-12c) the sowing of the incoming seeds is synchronized with the cultivation of the cultivating claws (3-5) so as to ensure that the cultivating mark made by each cultivating claw receives the seeds of the associated tree species. 15 Seed drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the sowing means comprise a seed hopper (13) associated with each cavity wheel (12a-12c) and a hopper (14) below the cavity wheels, from which a seed tube (15) leaves near the lower edge of the disc (2). * · »· · '·· ♦ * A seed drill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the angular position of the disc (2) with respect to the direction of travel (A) of the machine is adjustable. • * j2B: Seed drill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are at least two discs (2) with associated sowing members (12-15). • »·» • · · • * »• 9 30 ^ Seeding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine further comprises wiper means (16) for the recesses (19) of each cogwheel (12a-12c). 21) m I *. t to empty the seeds. • · · • · • · Seeding machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine also has heating means 97847 8 connected to the sowing means to ensure the movement of the seeds in the sowing means even in humid weather. Method for sowing a forest, characterized in that the method uses a seed drill (1) for sowing seeds of at least two different tree species simultaneously in at least one row running in the machine, the machine having a disc (2) with different cultivating claws (3-5), forming different shaping residues for different seeds, and at least two different cogwheels for different seeds, mounted on the same shaft as the plate (2) and synchronized to feed suitable seeds to each after shaping. 15 • · • · · · · • • · · · · • · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·: ·: •: • • • · · · · · · · • · · · * • · «m • · · • · · · · · · · · · · · ψ · * · • · · · · · · 97847 9