FI93431C - Parquet structure and method of its production - Google Patents

Description

93431

Parquet structure and method of its production. - Parquet structure and floor structure.

The invention relates to a parquet structure in which the direction of the causes of the wood forming the surface layer of the parquet is perpendicular or at an acute angle to the plane of the surface of the parquet.

The invention also relates to a method for producing parquet, the method comprising the following steps: - fixing a surface wood layer to the parquet body, which is made of pieces of wood in which the direction of the wood causes is perpendicular or at an acute angle to the parquet surface plane; - surface smoothing is performed and - surface varnishing parquet 1akal1 a is performed.

There are several advantages to using vertical wood as a surface layer for parquet. Abrasion resistance, hardness and compressive strength are clearly better in the direction of the wood grain than the corresponding values perpendicular to the wood grain.

However, there are several problems associated with the use of vertical wood as a surface layer for parquet, which have not been satisfactorily solved, which is why no commercial breakthrough has been achieved so far. One problem is the drying cracking and post-living (dimensional variation) of vertical wood as a result of moisture fluctuations. Another problem is the porosity of the wood-finished surface. If parquet lacquer layers (e.g. UV-curable urethane 1 lacquers) are applied to the porous surface in the usual manner, the thin lacquer film would break rapidly in wear. There are punctate bursts in the film, through which moisture penetrates the wood and the surface becomes black. Traditional horizontal clay parquets use a wood-non-absorbent basecoat, which forms a film-like seal between the wood and the topcoat layers. The total consumption of expensive parquet varnishes remains relatively small, a total of approx. 30 - 40 g / m2. However, such a parquet 2 93431 varnishing technique, in which the base coat is applied directly to the sanded wood surface, would lead to an unfavorable and unsustainable surface structure in the invention.

The object of the invention is to provide a parquet structure and its manufacturing method by which the otherwise good abrasion resistance and hardness of a vertical type can be further substantially increased, while providing effective additional protection against moisture penetration and effective bonding against residual moisture life, while the amount of expensive parquet varnish can be conventional. .

This object is achieved by a parquet structure according to claim 1 as well as by a method for producing parquet according to claim 5.

In the following, the parquet structure according to the invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a cross-sectional parquet element having a structure according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows the use of hexagonal wooden tiles in the surface wood layer of parquet.

Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of the parquet layer structure and Fig. 4 shows on a larger scale a vertical section of the parquet surface wood layer, in which the causes of the trees are vertical.

The parquet structure according to the invention is manufactured as follows. Perpendicularly or at an acute angle against the causes of the wood, tiles of suitable thickness (e.g. 14 mm thick) are cut from a polygonal beam of fresh 3,93431 wood. These wooden boards, of which a hexagonal example is shown in Figure 2, are impregnated with a water-soluble polyalcohol, e.g. polyethylene glycol (PEG), which is allowed to absorb and act on the wooden boards in which it replaces the cell wall water. Absorption can be enhanced by a heat treatment in which the wood panels are heated in a microwave oven and undiluted, fluidly heated PEG is applied as a film to a cooled wood panel whose internal vacuum accelerates the absorption of PEG into the wood. It is intended that the water-soluble impregnant replace a sufficient amount of cell wall water in the wood cells. This prevents the wood from drying out and cracking (dimensional variation) caused by moisture fluctuations. As is known, the moisture survival of wood is the result of the amount of water contained in the cell walls, and the swelling and shrinkage of the cell wall caused by its variations.

Thus, wood tiles impregnated with a water-soluble polyalcohol (e.g., PEG) are maintained at 50-80 ° C for 1-3 days for sufficient penetration and diffusion of the polyalcohol, after which the tiles are dried, whereby the polyalcohol is concentrated as the water is removed. The surfaces of the tiles are sanded and the contours are machined to exact dimensions. The tiles are then glued into parquet blanks, i.e. fastened between two frame layers 4. Fixing to the body layer 4 of the parquet element can be done with resin or wood glue 5 (e.g. polyester resin or polyvinyl acetate glue). As the frame 4, plywood with a thickness of e.g. 9 mm can be preferably used. The body 4 may also comprise one or more layers of reinforced plastic. The blank is sawn through the middle of the wooden boards 1 and the boards are machined into the formed boards, and the sawn surfaces are sanded. After sawing and grinding, the thickness of the vertical surface layer 1 is e.g. 3.0 to 3.5 mm.

Filling resin 4 93431 or varnish is applied to the surface of the wood-finished parquet element, which is allowed to be absorbed inside and between the causes of the wood. The absorption of the filler resin is accelerated in principle in the same way as described above for the absorption of PEG. Thus, the boards are preheated, so that when they cool, they absorb the resin to a sufficient depth inside and between the causes of the wood. Cheap polyester resin is preferably used as the filling resin or varnish, whereby the cost of manufacturing the parquet remains reasonable despite the fact that the amount of resin required due to the porosity of the surface is more than 100 g / m 2, typically 100 to 300 g / m 2, most preferably 150 to 200 g / m 2. In this case, the filling resin or varnish is absorbed in places up to a depth of 0.5 mm and in the majority of the area to a depth of more than 0.2 mm. Thus, the thickness of the filler resin or varnish layer 2 absorbed into the wood varies according to the porosity and absorbency of the wood, but is typically within the above-mentioned limits. It is preferable to use a UV-curable polyester resin in the process, but a conventional thermally activated (accelerated) curing reaction is also possible. The layer formed by the filling resin or varnish 2 substantially increases the wear resistance and hardness of the vertical wood. The surface filling layer also provides additional protection against moisture penetration and at the same time binds the structure against the forces caused by the residual moisture life.

Due to the filling layer 2, the consumption of expensive parquet varnishes, such as UV-curable polyurethane varnishes, remains at the same level or lower than in conventional board parquets, i.e. it is typically 20 to 50 g / m2. Thus, there is about 4-5 times more filler resin or varnish to be absorbed into the wood than Parket varnish. However, the price of polyester resin, for example, is a fraction of the price of UV-curable urethane varnish used as a parquet varnish. The filler resin may also be one of the following options: acrylic resin, epoxy resin, urea formaldehyde and pheno-resin. A clear, colorless polyester hat is advantageous in that it brings out the wood's own color tones and natural beauty well. If necessary, lightening pigments such as titanium white, or resin-soluble dyes can be added to the filler resin.

The method according to the invention can also be used to produce high-quality parquet from soft wood grades. For example, vertical wood parquet has been made from alder for trial use, with a hardness of about twice and a wear resistance many times that of normal oak parquet. The wound can also be used to make parquet that is competitive with existing parquet grades in terms of wear resistance and hardness. The same applies to relatives of the wound, e.g. poplar. One insight and advantage of the invention relates precisely to the use of soft wood species. When the compressive strength of soft wood species in the transverse direction is small, the transverse forces that the grain structure can transmit also remain small and the contact life of the parquet remains low for this reason as well.

A single parquet element can be made relatively wide (e.g. 278 mm), whereby when using wooden pieces of different shades and sizes / patterns, a wide range of patterns can be obtained by varying their stacking patterns. The possibility to use cheap wood raw materials such as alder and aspen also makes the parquet structure according to the invention competitively priced.

This method can be used to make ready-made parquet 1. board parquet, but it is also suitable as real parquet to be fixed directly to the floor, which corresponds to traditional rod parquet, where the pieces are glued directly to the floor, sanded and varnished with parquet varnishes.

Claims (8)

1. Parquet construction, in which the direction of the wood fibers forming the parquet surface (1) runs perpendicularly or at a sharp angle to the plane of the parquet surface, characterized in that beneath the parquet lacquer layers (3) forming the actual surface lacquer has in these are sucked into a sealing resin (2), which is made up of some of the following resins: polyester resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, 2 urea formaldehyde and phenolic resin, in an amount of 100 to 300 g / m, which is diverse, most suitable about A - 5- folded compared to the amount of parquet lacquer, and that said filling resin has been sucked into the wood to about 0.1 - 0.5 mm depth and on this resin layer (2) lies the actual parquet lacquer layer (3). Parquet construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing resin (2) is a UV-cured polyester resin and the parquet lacquer (3) is a UV-cured urethane lacquer. 3. Parquet construction according to claim] or 2, characterized in that in the filling resin t11 the brightness of increasing pigments such as titanium white or in the resin are soluble colors. 4. A parquet construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the wood-forming wood plates (1) forming water-soluble polyalcohol such as e.g. polyethylene glycol, which replaces the cell wall water of the wood. 5. A method of preparing a parquet, the process of which comprises the following steps: II 9 93431 - Attached to the parquet backing (4) is a surface wood layer (1) made of wooden boards in which the direction of the wood fibers runs perpendicular or at a sharp angle. to the parquet surface's piano; - surface grinding of the surface is carried out and - surface painting with parquet lacquer is performed, characterized in that, before surface lacquering, a parquet surface is spread over the space of the vertical wood fibers and in this 2 inlet filling resin, in an amount of 100 - 300 g / m most preferably about 4-5 times compared to the amount of parquet lacquer, and that as the filling resin, any of the following resins are used: polyester resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, urea formaldehyde and phenolic resin, and said filling resin is sucked into the wood to about 0.1-0. 5 mm deep. 6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that before the wooden plate layer (1) forming the wooden plate is affixed to the body (3), water-soluble polyalcohol, t, is sucked into the wooden plates. ex. polyethylene glycol, which is allowed to affect the wooden panels in which it replaces cell wall water. Process according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the filling resin is sucked into the surface of the wood-finished parquet element in an amount above 100 g / m, most preferably about 150 - 2,200 g / m and over this parquet varnish is spread about 20 - 50 g / m. 8. A method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the filling resin (2) is sucked into the heated wood in its cooling stage to a depth of about 0.2-0.5 mm and when this resin layer (2) hardened is spread over this the actual parquet lacquer layer (3), which is urethane lacquer.