FI92106C - Storage heater - Google Patents

Description

921 06

Charging heater

It is an object of the present invention to provide a storage heater comprising storing the accumulator lamp and discharging the stored lamp inside the accumulator. a conductive material, such as iron or ceramic, for use as a lamp-charging mass, or one or more electrical resistors adapted to heat the body.

A system for handling a heat accumulator and a heat exchanger of the type described above is known from DE-ha-15 3341676. In this system, In this device, the heat exchanger acting as a water reservoir is located above the accumulator, but in such a way that the water does not escape into the accumulator except when the heating resistor providing the thermosiphon effect is switched on. Such control is relatively inaccurate and slow. If the accumulator pu-25 rarely completely distributes the water to the evaporation space, it must be evaporated before the accumulator is actually heated.

The object of the present invention is to provide a system formed by a heat accumulator and a heat exchanger, in which the discharge rate of the heat accumulator can be set within a very wide range with very simple steps. Tate's system can be applied, for example, as a room-specific heater or as a central unit of a water supply system or an air supply system. Accordingly, the storage heater according to the invention is fastened. · 2 92106 le is characterized in that the evaporation space is directly confined to the charging material, whereby the heat transfer medium vaporizes directly on the surface of the charging material. Such a method of operation enables a very efficient means of discharging the effective discharge rate, since the discharge is directly dependent on the amount of water fed to the accumulator, which in turn can be simply adjusted either by changing the speed of the recirculation pump. Since an iron with good thermal conductivity is used as the charging material, only a few degrees of temperature gradients are generated in the charging mass, even if the discharge takes place at full power. As a result, the accumulator can be discharged with very even power. Since the charging mass 15 is ordinary iron, it is also easily weldable and the evaporation space can thus be easily sealed by means of welds.

In the following, the structure of one exemplary embodiment of a storage heater according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of an exemplary embodiment of a heater according to the invention and Fig. 2 shows one layer 25 on top.

Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a charging heater according to the invention. The heater comprises a heat accumulator 1 and a heat exchanger 2, which are connected to each other via a steam duct 11, which brings steam from the accumulator to the condenser 4, which acts as a condenser for the condenser, and from the condenser 12 via line 8 to the accumulator. In this way, a closed circuit 35 is formed in which the heat exchange medium, preferably water, is circulated through the accumulator 1, the heat exchanger 2 and the condensate tank 13. From the heat exchanger 2, which in the case of the invention is always a condenser, the lamp can be led to the desired application, such as room air, the supply air of the air heating-5 system or the circulating water of the central heating system. It is essential for the invention that the heat transfer medium, such as water, is allowed to evaporate freely as soon as it enters the evaporation space 3 formed inside the heat accumulator, where the water evaporates directly on the surface of the storage material. The steam is then passed through a vertical discharge channel 7 and a steam channel 11 inside the accumulator to the condenser 2. Since the temperature of the steam introduced to the condenser is relatively constant even when the temperature of the storage mass in the accumulator exclusively from the volume of water discharged through it. Thus, the discharge of heat from the accumulator can be controlled very simply and accurately by adjusting the amount of water passed through it. Such a flow of water 20 can easily be achieved either by controlling the recirculation pump 4 or even more simply by arranging the valve 9 in the pipeline 8 between the recirculation pump and the accumulator. In this way, the desired heating can be achieved in a very simple manner.

The body 5 of the heat accumulator 1 shown in Fig. 1, which is a highly conductive material such as iron or a ceramic material and which acts as a heat-accumulating mass, is formed of a plurality of plates 10 stacked on top of each other as shown. Electrical resistors, such as tube resistors 6, are arranged in every other space of the tiles 30 to heat the pulp and every other space is formed as a evaporation space 3. The temperature of the charging mass can be heated to about 600 ° C by means of the electric resistors 6. In order to ensure contact between the resistors 6 and the plates 10, the plates can be stacked substantially directly on the resistors 6. In this way, the resistors 6 press against the relatively heavy plates 10 on two sides. However, in order to prevent the resistors 6 from flattening, as shown in Fig. 1, support pieces 14 can be arranged between the edges of the plates 10. The spaces between the plates 10 reserved for the resistors 6 are further separated from the discharge channel 7 by a ring 15 thus also allowing the steam to come into direct contact with the resistors 6. The evaporation spaces 3, 10, which are also formed in the spaces between the tiles 10, are in turn provided in a corresponding manner by fitting support pieces 16 on the outer circumference of the tiles 10, which provide the desired distance between the tiles. In addition, they are provided with suitable seals in order to prevent the steam from discharging past these support pieces 16. A heat-resistant insulator 17 is arranged as a first layer on the outside of the body 5 and a further relatively additional insulation 18 is further applied around it, in order to prevent the heat of the accumulator from escaping into the environment as heat radiation.

Figure 2 shows one of the plates 10 of the accumulator body 5 seen from above. It can be seen from this figure 2 that a guide groove 11 is formed on the upper surface of the plate 10 on which the water evaporates to guide the water along a suitable path before it enters the discharge channel 7. It is intended that the heat of the plate 10 be discharged evenly and its entry into the discharge channel 7. However, if liquid water enters the discharge channel, it can be directed to the condensate tank 13 via a pipeline 19 arranged at the bottom of the discharge channel 7. The operation of the charging heater according to the invention is as follows. First, most preferably, the core heat is used to heat the heart of the accumulator to the desired temperature, which may be, for example, said 600 ° C. Naturally, lower temperatures can also be used, especially when the daily heat demand remains lower than the storage capacity. When the discharge of the accumulator is started for the first time, both the intermediate spaces 3, the discharge duct 7 and the steam duct 11 are full of air. This air is simply removable. When water is fed to the evaporation space, it hoy-5 knocks, and when the amount of water fed is sufficient, saturated water vapor has formed in said spaces, which has pushed air into the condensate tank 13. The tank 13 can be deaerated by means of a vent valve 20. As a result of this aeration operation, the use of the equipment is also possible when the temperature of the charging mass is below 100 ° C. Namely, the pressure in the evaporation space and the steam duct falls below the atmospheric pressure, which further allows the water to be evaporated in that space and the heat to be released from the charge mass. After the circuit has been vented, it is possible to start discharging the condenser 2, i.e. heat transfer to the desired application from the accumulator 1. Discharge of the accumulator from different parts of the accumulator is controlled by setting the valves 9 by means of control based on temperature measurements. The lamp space output 20 may be located, for example, in the vicinity of each heating resistor layer 6. By controlling the valves 9, the discharge can be started, for example, from the top of the core 5 and continued evenly downwards in such a way that the temperature of the charging mass remains substantially constant throughout. It follows from such a constant temperature, which is otherwise characteristic of the charging mass of the accumulator according to the invention, that the service life of the resistors 6 is very long. In this way, they are not exposed to rapid changes in temperature.

The arrangement according to Figure 1 further shows, as an optional alternative, the possibility of injecting water from the condensate tank 13 into the evaporation channel 11 by means of a pump 22 via a nozzle 23 arranged therein. Such spraying is required when the 35 hoyry coming out of the accumulator overheats for some reason. For example, when the design temperature of the 6,922,106 condenser is exceeded, the degree of superheating can be reduced by spraying and the steam can be saturated and at the correct temperature.

The heater according to the invention has been described above by means of only one exemplary embodiment and it is to be understood that it could be structurally modified without substantially departing from the scope defined by the appended claims and from the method according to the invention which provides . The Tate accumulator could very well be connected to several kind of parallel heat exchangers, for example for the simultaneous heating of domestic hot water and the circulating water of the central heating system.

Claims (3)

7 92106 A charging heater comprising storing the heat of the accumulator (1) and discharging the charged heat of the condenser (2) acting inside the accumulator (1) by means of a heating chamber (3) and a condenser (2) formed inside the accumulator (1). via a transfer medium such as water, the accumulator (1) comprising a body (5) which is a thermally conductive material, such as iron, for use as a heat accumulating mass, and one or more electric resistors (6) adapted to body (5), characterized in that the evaporation space (3, 7) is directly bound to the charging material, whereby the heat transfer medium evaporates directly on the surface of the charging material. Heater according to Claim 1, characterized in that the evaporation space consists of a space (3) between the body pieces (10). Heater according to Claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the body (10) delimiting the space (3) from below has a guide groove (11) for the heat transfer medium. «8 92106