FI91221C - Transport tank washing and cleaning device - Google Patents

Description

91221 i

Washing and cleaning device for transport containers

The invention relates to a washing machine for washing cylindrical or other substantially cross-sectional storage devices, such as transport storage devices, the washing device comprising at least two washing arms which are pivotally attached to the openable collar structure 10 in their inward position at an angle to each other for washing the silo, and at the free ends of the scrubber arms, the nozzles rotate for spraying the medium. Transport container means in this case a transport container used mainly in railway and road vehicles, without, however, excluding other transport containers.

Such preserves are washed in accordance with general practice for a variety of reasons. The main reasons are sediment settling from the transported material, crystallization from the transported material, change of the transported material between loads, repair of the transport tank, annual inspection of the transport tank and contamination of the transported material with foreign substances.

25 Most of the transport containers referred to herein are in the form of a cylindrical or elliptical fluid. All such transport containers have a structurally and functionally avoidable curved base with the lowest point on the center line.

Usually the ends of such containers are also rounded.

30

In one chamber chamber of the silo, there is usually at least one hatch at the top from which the silo can be filled and sometimes emptied, and which hatch and corresponding opening are dimensioned so that people can enter the silo 35 if necessary. Long silos with two symmetrically constructed hatches as described above are known. From these hatches, the containers are also normally washed 2 times and cleaned when the cleaning is applied to the inner surfaces of the container.

In the cleaning or washing of such containers, much different conditions are used, the methods being almost the same. In terms of circumstances, we can even talk about different schools.

In the methods, the washing device usually has a scrubber arm which fills in the opening 10 above the canister, which is provided with its own door, which in turn closes the canister opening during washing, preventing splashes from entering the environment. The scrubber arm has a scrub head that is typically always rotating and further rotating in two directions so that it reaches a 360 degree space angle. The washer arm can be either one-piece with one rotating washing head or two-piece, with each part having its own washing head.

20 The advantage of the two-part washer arm is that it allows the surface to be washed closer. This need is explained by the following equation: L = k (p2 - pi) x d 25 where in the equation L = effective dimension of the washing jet k = factor p2 = pressure before the nozzle 30 pi = pressure after the washing nozzle (usually atmospheric) d = diameter of the washing nozzle

The above practice sizing equation can be derived from generally known publications (e.g., Weber, C .: Disintegration of liquid jets, Z. Angew. Math. Mech., Vol 11, No. 2, 1931, pages 136-159) .

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According to the above equation, it is seen that the increase in pressure affects only the square root of the change and the diameter of the jet by a power of 1.32.

5 PyrittSessM The long dimensions come at higher pressures and large jet diameters, which means high consumption of washing liquid. Equation 8 described above only applies to a pressure difference of about 50-60 bar, because at increased pressures the jet starts to increase with increasing variability and thus 10 to decompose. The tendency to vibrate is due to the compressibility of the washing liquid and the mixing of the washing liquid with air. If you want to use higher pressures and take advantage of a higher impact pulse of the washing jet, the nozzle must be closer to the washing surface.

15

As already indicated from the previous description, such washes are usually performed with washing liquids, the most important of which is water.

In some cases, the washing can also be performed with an organic solvent. When water is used as the washing liquid, alkalis are often added to improve the washing result and to remove grease, typically lye or soda.

Typical substances that are washed out of the described containers are fats, granules, molasses, resins, and any chemical chemicals transported in liquid form. The majority of such transports are mineral oil products, petrochemical products and vegetable oils and waxes, etc. In the tonnage distribution, mineral oil products are land.

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A typical wash is performed on viscous liquids by initially heating the silo with an inflatable steam to about 50-100 ° C to 1 ° C. The washing head is then installed in the silo and connected to the pressurized water network or after the pe-35 liquid pump. The washing head, from which the washing liquid is sprayed on the walls, is rotated either by an electric motor, a compressed air motor or by a washing-liquid-operated liquid turbine built in connection with the washing head. The wash is allowed to remain on for 4 hours until it is assumed that the container has become clean or until by some method it can be found that the cleanliness of the used washing liquid to be removed is sufficiently good, i.e. close to the cleanliness of the unused washing liquid.

5

The above-mentioned schools can be defined mainly under the following conditions: 1) Pressure 200-1200 bar, in the amount of washing liquid to be used 4-7% of the volume of the s-10 liS, nozzle size 1.5-2.5 mm; 2) Pressure 8-12 bar, washing liquid to be used 20-80% of the tank volume, nozzle size 8-16 mm.

15 In the devices of both schools, there are 1 or 2 washing heads per container in fixed arms, which, in the case of two washing heads, are applied to the washing position after the container has been pushed.

20 It is typical of these described washing devices that they wash all parts of the surface symmetrically when rotating in the same way, except for the farthest corners, which have the longest distance and for which the jet distance between successive washing cycles is the longest due to long distances, 25 is the same.

However, fouling of a typical silo is not nearly symmetrical. The asymmetry is due to gravity. The effect of the Pai force is also enhanced by the departure and stopping accelerations of the transport wagon. Especially with regard to rail transport tanks, solids are packed when the wagons are arranged in the yard, whereby they collide with each other and the solid sediments at the bottom are transported to the ends of the silo.

35 The ends of these silides also cool down the fastest and heat up the slowest, and they are hit by the washing shower the least often and the longest.

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In addition to the cleanability of the bottles, there is a separate difficulty in the transport tank. This difficulty applies to the bottom valve, from which the silo is usually emptied. The area around the bottom valve should generally be cleaned and open from dirt and sediments first, so that the cleaning liquid and the material to be cleaned to be removed can be sucked out of the sludge as quickly and continuously as possible during washing.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a washing device for washing transport silides and the like, by means of which the lower parts, corners, particularly dirty areas or remote areas of the ends of the silo can be washed as clean as the other parts of the silo. It is also an object of the invention to provide a tal-15 washing device which, when used, has the shortest possible washing time and the consumption of washing liquids and rinsing liquids used in the washing is as low as possible. In addition, it is an object of the invention to provide such a washing device which is simple in construction and easy to use.

20

The problems described above can be solved and the defined objects can be achieved by a washing device according to the invention, which is characterized by what is defined in the characterizing part of claim 1, and by a method according to the invention, characterized by what is defined in claim 8.

The structure according to the invention has the advantage of controlling the asymmetrical application of the washing power to the most dirty parts of the silo and the subsequent removal of even dirt by symmetrical washing.

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

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Figure 1 shows a washing device according to the invention placed in a generally cleanable container.

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Figure 2 shows a washing device according to the invention in detail.

The washing device 2 comprises at least two washing arms 3 and 4, which at the other end are pivotally attached to the collar structure 5. This turning is made possible by a hinge tax articulation structure 19 between the arms 3, 4 and the collar, which may be of any type known per se. so it will not be described in detail here. In any case, the arms 3, 4 can be pivoted around these joints 19 to the closed position K shown in Fig. 2, as well as to the open position A shown in Fig. 1, where the opening angle between the arms 3 and 4 is indicated by reference numeral 7. The washing device 2 is in the closed position K from the opening 6 of the silo 1 inside the silo 15 and can be fastened from the collar structure 5 to the edges of the opening 6, whereby the silo becomes closed during the washing. The washer arms 3, 4 can be opened by the positioning means 11 of the washing machine in their position inside the container to the open position A for washing the container. In addition, the scrubber arms 3, 4 comprise rotating nozzles 8 known per se at the free ends of the ni-20 away from the brothers 19 for injecting the medium or the washing liquid into the inner surfaces of the container.

According to the invention, the scrubber arms 3, 4 have an even number of 25, but preferably two, each scrubber arm containing in its free end, in addition to the aforementioned pydriva nozzle-Raen 8, a nozzle 9 to be sprayed in a fixed direction. length and 30 away from the free ends of the stems. According to the invention, it is precisely these fixed nozzles 9 that are aligned, for example, with the lower parts 20 of the ends of the silo, which typically have thick layers of impurities. This situation is shown in Fig. 1. In addition, it is advantageous to arrange the steam nozzles 13 and these preferably in approximately the same direction as the fixed nozzles 9 according to the invention.

Il 91221 7

The means 11 for positioning the angle 7 between the washer arms can consist, for example, of a shaft 21 passing perpendicularly through the collar structure, and of the arms 22 fixed at the bottom and between the washer arms, the lowering of the shaft 5 21 to close to the closed position K. Thus, the angle 7 between the scrubber arms can be changed by the positioning means continuously or intermittently during the washing steps in order to direct the jets 10 to the desired location or areas. In addition, the washer arms are pivotable about their mounting shaft 12 relative to the collar structure 5 in the direction of rotation 23. This rotation with respect to the first or second direction of rotation 23 thus means that the plane direction of the opening angle 7 between the washer arms 3, 4 is changed relative thereto. Thus, by means of the angle 7, the jet of medium coming from the fixed nozzles 9 can be directed vertically to the desired position, and at the angles 23 these jets can be directed horizontally to the desired points.

20

The washing device according to the invention operates as follows. In most cases, it is most preferable to spray the washing liquid directly downwards or approximately downwards with fixed nozzles 9 in order to clean the drain valve in the middle part of the carriage and its surroundings. This takes place when the scrubber arms 3, 4 are in the closed position K. The scrubber arms 3, 4 are then opened to the open position A and directed to distant or particularly dirty points in the container, such as the ends, corners and lower parts of the container. Depending on the substance to be cleaned, heating steam is then first blown from the steam nozzle 13 into these washable areas to soften the material to be removed and to improve the washing efficiency of the next washing step by means of a higher temperature. In the next step, 9 washing liquids are sprayed from the fixed nozzles-35 into these washings. During this spraying step, it is most advantageous to move the scrubber arms 3, 4 continuously or intermittently at least vertically and / or, if necessary, horizontally by changing the opening angles 23 between the arms 8 and the rotating angles 23 of the tax washer 23. The jet of liquid from the fixed nozzles 9

In the next step, the spraying is stopped through the fixed nozzles 9 and the washing liquid is started to be sprayed through the rotating nozzles 8 with the washing arms in the open position A, whereby the washing liquid hits all points on the inner surface of the container. Finally, a rinse is performed, in which case the rinse aid is introduced from the rotary nozzles in order to carry out the rinsing with as little rinsing liquid as possible and symmetrically. It is clear that during both the washes and the rinses, the washing liquid and the rinsing liquid are removed from the slurry through its bottom valve, so that the washing result can be monitored in a conventional manner from the purity of the outgoing liquid.

The aforementioned washing liquid is usually any water containing washing chemicals known per se, and the rinsing liquid is generally a purifier. water, without additives. The invention does not apply to the detergents themselves, but to the device according to the invention and to the method of the invention any suitable washing and rinsing liquids can be used.

The rotating nozzles 8 consist of a rotating scrub head 18 and a single nozzle head 16 in these scrub heads. as shown in Figure 2. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the washing heads always have two nozzle ends, but there may be a different number of them. In addition, the washing heads 18 rotate about an axis 14 parallel to the washing arm. In this case, the jets of detergent and rinse aid are directed very evenly from the rotary scrubbers to the entire inner surface of the silo. It is preferable to shape the nozzle heads 16 so that the medium jet leaves them spread at a relatively large angle so that the washing liquid tax rinsing liquid is applied to each point of the surface 91221 9. On the other hand, it is advantageous to have a relatively small spray angle of the washing liquid starting from the fixed nozzles 9, so that the shower, when it hits the place to be cleaned, has sufficient kinetic energy to clean that place.

The fixed nozzles 9 are preferably connected to the fluid supply not shown in the figures by means of short pressure-resistant elastic hoses 17, which allows oscillation 10 in the fixed nozzles, thus forming a pulsed jet. This further increases the cleaning efficiency at the site. In addition, the apparatus will, of course, include media, such as washing liquid and rinsing liquid, carding devices, and devices for alternately dispensing these washing liquids into fixed nozzles and rotating nozzles according to the method described above. These medium ignition devices may represent a prior art and their structure will not be described in more detail herein. In order to simplify the structure, the common nozzle area of the fixed nozzles 9 is substantially of the same order of magnitude as the common nozzle area of the rotating nozzles 8. The fixed nozzles 9 of the container consume the same amount of washing liquid per unit time as the rotating nozzles in the next washing step, whereby both fixed nozzles and rotating nozzles can be pumped by the same pump device or the like and control to different types of nozzles can be carried out simply by distribution valves.

It will be appreciated that the scrubber arms may be myds, e.g., quad-30 and in which case all of the arms may include both fixed and rotary nozzles, or the different arms may include different types of nozzles. However, as described, the two washer arms and their ability to align can reach all areas to be cleaned. Since the two-arm structure is the simplest, it is to be considered the most advantageous embodiment.

10

It is also clear from numerous experiments that the sides and top of the inner parts of the casing of a transport container of the type described are cleaned of 0.1-1.0 mm of oil or wax considerably faster than the cargo deposited on the bottom and especially on the ends of the bottom. It is well possible to leave several centimeters of cargo residues in the lower part, up to 30 cm, and more in the end of the bucket.

The device according to the present invention and its use 10 contaminates 50-80% of the required washing time and washing liquid. The pollution is relatively proportional, the dirtier the dirt to be washed and the greater the load there, when washing is started.

The following describes the result of the practice obtained by the invention.

Railway tank wagons carrying heavy fuel oil and before it cottonseed oil (melting point 20 ° C) were washed with a conventional prior art method and apparatus and the new apparatus and method of the invention described herein.

The carriages had a load station of about 15-20 cm and the pallets had an oblique layer of 25 cm, which was 30 cm at its highest. This oblique layer-core was stunned by the cottonseed oil.

The first trolley (volume 63 m3, diameter 3.2 m) was washed from the center hatch with a hydraulically rotating rotor with a 30-turbine turbine with two 8 mm nozzles. The washing liquid was a dilute soda solution, a temperature of 80 ° C and a pressure before the nozzle of 59 bar. A total of 37 m3 of water was consumed during the wash, after which the liquid to be extracted was completely clear. The wash had lasted 35 for a total of 48 min. The inspection revealed that the wagon was otherwise completely clean, but both packs contained about 30-50 kg of waxy substance (cottonseed oil) with a lot of sand, clay and rust.

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From the same transport batch, a similar trolley was washed with the new device and method according to the invention, in which the fixed nozzles were 2x9 mm and the hydrated nozzles 2 x 2 x 7.5 mm. Both carriages were preheated by steaming so that the temperature of the ends was about 50 ° C, measured from the outside from below.

In the method according to the invention, the washing from the non-rotating nozzles took 3 minutes, during which time the open-close movement 10 was performed three times and the ends were sprayed with washing liquid without movement for 1 minute. In the next step, the rotating nozzles were sprayed with washing liquid for a total of 6.5 minutes. A total of 9.5 m3 of washing liquid was used.

15 The inspection revealed that the sailid was completely clean, but there was a visible grating pattern near the end seams in the casing, which had not been completely removed by the washing showers. The checkerboard pattern is created when the wash shower meets the surface and was never completely straight without hitting every point. However, according to normal inspection standards, the good 20 carriage was ignited well washed. The difference to the prior art wash described above was thus considerable.

Claims (10)

12 A washing device for washing cylindrical or other containers (1) of substantially longer cross-section, such as transport containers, the washing device (2) comprising at least two washing arms (3, 4) pivotally attached to the collar structure (5). from its opening (6) and attachable from the collar structure to this opening during washing, as well as in its openable position inside the container at an angle (7) relative to each other for washing the tank 10, as well as for washing at least two washer arms (3, 4) are each provided with a nozzle (9) spraying in a fixed direction and that the washing device (2) comprises means (10) for directing the spraying direction of said two washer arms 15 in rotational and / or rotational movements to the lower ends of the containers, particularly dirty or remotely washable respectively. Washing device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are two washing arms (3, 4) which thus comprise both said rotating arms (8) and said fixed (9) nozzles, that the washing device (2) comprises means for to use different types of nozzles at different times and that the spray direction alignment means (10) comprise means for adjusting (11) the relative position of the washing arms and the tank at each respective angle according to the shape of the tank by turning the washer arms at the necessary angles (7) in the direction of rotation (23) in the required direction with respect to the container. 30 Washing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least said angle (7) between the scrubber arms can be changed by the positioning means (11) at least continuously or intermittently during the washing phase with the fixed nozzle to apply jets to the desired areas and that the scrubber arms (3) , 4) are rotatable about their mounting shaft (12) in the collar structure (5) around 91221 13 and alternatively lockable in a certain position or moved back and forth at least during the washing step with the fixed nozzle continuously or intermittently to apply jets to the desired areas. 5 Washing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the scrubber arms (3, 4) additionally comprise steam nozzles (13) preferably in approximately the same direction as said fixed nozzles (9) for applying heating steam to the objects to be washed. Washing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotating nozzles (8) each rotate about at least one (14 or 15) preferably about two axes (14 and 15), and that the common nozzle area of the fixed nozzles (9) is substantially of the same order of magnitude as the common nozzle area of the rotating nozzles and that the rotating nozzles (8) consist of rotating washer heads (18) around an axis (14) parallel to the washer arm and one or more nozzle heads (16) at these washer heads which rotate 3, 4) about a perpendicular axis (15) and are oriented at a substantial angle, preferably at a right angle, with respect to their axis of rotation. Washing device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fixed nozzles (9) are connected by means of medium-supply short pressure-resistant elastic hoses (17), which allows oscillation in the fixed nozzle to form a pulsed jet and that the fixed nozzle is preferably the narrow or narrower cone and the spray pattern of the rotating nozzles are preferably wide. Washing device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for feeding media for washing washing liquids containing washing chemicals into fixed nozzles, and first for injecting washing liquids containing washing chemicals and then rinsing liquids into the bath. 14 A washing method for washing cylindrical or other containers (1) substantially longer in cross-section, such as transport containers, with a washing device (2) according to claim 1, comprising at least two washing arms (3, 5 4) pivotally attached to the collar structure (5). , can be filled inside the silo through its opening (6) and fastened from the collar structure to this opening during washing, as well as openable in its position inside the silo at an angle (7) characterized in that in one step the washing liquid is sprayed only from the aligned fixed nozzles (9) to the lower parts, corners or remote or particularly dirty places of the silo to be washed, and in the next step only the washing liquid is sprayed into the inner nozzle (8) and that in the last va In this case, the rinsing liquid is sprayed only through the rotating nozzles (8) on the entire inner surface of the container. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that before said step of targeted washing with fixed nozzles (9), the washing liquid is sprayed from the fixed nozzles (9) down into the area of the possible emptying valve of the container with the washing arms (3, 4) facing downwards. and that during said targeted washing step, the fixed nozzles are moved continuously or intermittently by changing the opening angle (7) between them and / or by changing the direction (23) of the level of this opening angle relative to the container. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that before said step of targeted washing with fixed nozzles (9), steam is blown from the steam nozzles (13) into the lower parts, corners or particularly dirty or distant parts of the silo to be washed with heating steam, and 3, 4) are then aligned by means of their opening angle (7) and / or the plane of this opening angle and the direction (23) between the container. 91221 15