FI87549C - TRAEBASERAD LAMINAT - Google Patents

Description

1 87549

Wood-based laminate

Laminates in which two or more pieces are attached to each other have long been used to make various products. Examples of laminates made from pieces of wood are plywood.

Wood laminates have so far been made mainly with glue-10 rackets. In this case, the forces between the layers of the laminates are transmitted through 1 air layer. The adhesive layer is usually weaker than the wood material, in addition, it is also more sensitive to excess moisture, drought and many chemicals. The glue can also cause 15 color changes. Due to the weakness of the adhesive layer, the glued laminates are easily peeled from overload or otherwise in demanding conditions. Adhesives can also be toxic to the environment.

20 The same problems exist in products with textile laminated on wood.

The object of the invention is to provide a method which provides an improvement over the above-mentioned drawbacks and which makes it possible to produce a product in which no adhesive layer is required.

The present invention provides a novel structure in which the layers of laminate are joined primarily by mechanical needling. In the lamination method, one of the layers to be joined is the original wood material and the other can be a material consisting of fibers or also the original wood, in which case it is a matter of laminating the wood panels on top of each other. Surprisingly, it has been found that wood can be laminated in spite of the hardness of the wood with a needle known from the textile technique for joining soft textile materials, which technique has been shown e.g. U.S. Patent No. 2,87549 to 3,483,601. In needling, needles are struck through the layers of coatings, whereby the barbs or other members on the needles remove fibers or wood grains from the upper layer, carrying them inside a piece of wood below 5, mechanically joining the layers together by fibers or causes.

In practice, the needling can be performed mechanically in a device 10 in which the needles are attached to an up-and-down movable needle bar under which the layers to be joined for wood laminate are conveyed so that the needles strike through the upper 15 layers of wood or fibrous textile material. and out of the wood.

The resulting mechanical bond is strong enough and no glue is needed for lamination.

20

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a product of overlapping pieces of wood according to the invention, Figure 2 shows a needling step according to the invention in the manufacture of the product of Figure 1, Figure 3 shows another lamination of wood pieces; Fig. 4 shows a third method of laminating pieces of wood, Fig. 5 shows a method in which pieces of wood consist of separate pieces, I! 3 87549 Fig. 6 shows a method in which a textile material composed of fibers is laminated on a piece of wood, and 5 Fig. 7 shows a method in which the desired shape of the product is obtained in connection with the needling.

An example of a laminate 10 is shown in Figure 1. Overlapping 10 plate-like pieces of wood 1 made of the original wood are fastened to each other by means of wood grain 2. Figure 2 shows the needles 3 penetrating through the pieces of wood 1 carrying with them the wood grains 2. The pieces of wood can be either flat-shaped, e.g. 15 boards or veneer-shaped as in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, but also chip-shaped as in Figure 5, in which case e.g. .chipping wood chips and providing a chipboard replacement structure. The pieces of wood can be of any other arbitrary shape, depending on the need, so as to form mechanically laminated layers on top of each other. Figure 3 shows a laminate in which a fibrous material 4 is placed between the layers formed by the pieces of wood 1, which is conveyed inside the pieces of wood 25 by means of needles 3 in order to increase the fastening force between them. There may also be a non-fibrous material between the pieces of wood 1, such as a film, from which the needles 3 draw parts into the wood. Figure 4 shows granular pieces 30 of a material other than wood interposed between the layers formed by the pieces of wood 1. Different types of interlayer fibrous materials, films or granules can be combined as desired in the same laminate. The directions of the pieces of wood 1 in the laminate can be chosen arbitrarily as needed, as shown in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5. The same wood laminate can be run through the needling process either one or more times. In addition, the needling can be performed on 4,87549 either on one side of the laminate only or on both sides.

To reinforce the laminate, the needled wood laminate 5 may be compressed and / or heated. In the heating, the fibers 4 or the film parts or the granular parts 5 can be partially or completely melted, for example if they are made of thermoplastic, in which case the wood pieces 1 and the wood pieces 1 are tightly glued together. In connection with heating, the laminate can also be shaped into the desired shape.

By adjusting the depth of impact of the needles 3, the appearance of the surfaces of the laminate can be determined (Figures 2 and 3), as well as the number of displaced wood grain 2 or fibers 4, film parts or grain parts 5. By selecting the shape of the needles, the result of the needle can also be affected, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. It can also be seen from Figures 2 and 3 that several pieces of wood 20 1 can also be joined by needling. The need for density is understood as the number of needle stitches per unit area of the surface to be needled, in this case wood laminate. By selecting the appropriate needling density, the efficiency of the needling is controlled, which determines the adhesion of the pieces of wood to each other, as well as the perforation of the wood laminates.

By needling, other types of surface materials can also be attached to the surface of the wood or wood laminate, e.g. fabric, as in Figure 6, where a fabric 7 is mounted on the wood surface 6 30, after which a suitable needling depth is selected and needling is performed. In this case, the surface material mounted on the wood surface, e.g. the fabric 7, is attached to the surface 6 of the wood by means of fibers 8 which penetrate it into the wood by means of needling. 35 Using the same principle, non-woven fabric can also be needled on a wooden surface. In the same way, all such layers can be attached, from which 5,87549 parts are released in the needle, which mechanically fasten the layer to the surface of the wood.

Figure 7 further shows how the composite body 10 to be made by needling wood pieces 1 5 can be given a desired shape, such as a curved shape, during the needling, if the pieces 1 are sufficiently flexible of the layers. Here, sufficiently flexible plate-like pieces 1 or arbitrarily 10-shaped pieces according to Fig. 5 can be used. The needling is performed by needling the pieces against a perforated base 9 of a certain shape.

The original wood used in the invention may be a chipboard made directly from natural wood or consisting of pieces of wood made of natural wood. The invention can be used for interior decoration, upholstery of various wooden structures and in the manufacture of plywood.

Claims (6)

6,87549 Claims; A wood-based laminate in which one or more second layers are laminated on top of a piece of original wood 5, characterized in that the lamination is carried out by mechanical needling so that parts of the second layer (1, 7), such as wood fibers, causes or other fibers, are made oriented so that parts 10 of the second layer extend into the piece of wood (1), attaching the second layer over the piece of wood. Laminate according to Claim 1, characterized in that the laminate is pressed and / or heated for further fixing and / or molding. Laminate according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there are other materials between the second layer (1, 7) and the piece of wood (1), such as fibers (4), films or granular materials (5), the laminate being compressed and / or or heated so that at least some of the above other substances have melted. Laminate according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second layer is also a piece (1) of original wood, whereby it adheres to the wood surface by means of wood grains and fibers which have penetrated into the wood piece (1). 30 Laminate according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the second layer is a fibrous material (7), such as a fabric, leather or non-woven fabric, which adheres to the wooden surface by means of fibers (8) penetrating the wood piece (1). I, 7 «7549 Laminate according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the product is shaped to the desired shape before or during heating and / or pressing. 5 3 87549