FI84008C - ANORDNING FOER PLANTERING AV TRAEDFROEN OCH -PLANTOR SAMT FOER ODLING AV TRAED. - Google Patents

Description

8400 8

Device for planting tree seeds and seedlings and growing trees

The invention relates to a device for planting tree seeds and seedlings and for growing trees, which device 5 comprises a soil component into which the seeds or seedlings are intended to be sown.

According to recent studies, the success of silviculture seems to be quite haphazard. Using known afforestation methods, even in the best afforestation areas, for example, only less than 60% of pine seedlings may survive.

In planting seedlings, the so-called honeycomb seedlings, which means seedlings grown in decaying paper cells. The seedlings are planted in the field with either 15 paper cells or the cells are broken and removed when the seedlings are planted. Whatever the method of planting, the roots of the seedlings grown in the cell tend to rotate around each other as growth progresses, and removing the paper around the root clump does little to promote the growth of the seedling. The root system has taken on a helical shape during the nursery phase and the seedling will not be able to get rid of this helicality even in later years of growth. Seedling growth slows or the seedling dies. The seedling loss thus becomes large.

In the seedlings sown or planted by means of the device according to the invention, the above-mentioned root rotation cannot take place. The device is characterized in that it comprises a casting component, preferably made of gypsum, which partially surrounds the soil component, the soil component and the casting component being of the same structure, and that the soil component is adapted to be placed against the ground when placed on the ground. wherein the casting component forms a protective structure for the soil component, and that slowly dissolving trace elements and possibly also other growth promoting and securing agents are added to the casting component, adapted to release the growth of wood due to dissolution, disintegration or porosity of the casting component. The seeds of the tree germinate and the seedling formed from the seeds first takes root in the soil, whereby a device shaped to a suitable width 10 allows the roots to take root also in the width direction. After planting in the field, the trout take root in the soil at the right time for the trout to grow.

By adding the trace elements required for the growth of the wood to the casting component, the wood can use the slow-release trace elements from the casting component throughout the growing period of the wood. This avoids the so-called growth of wood after normal micronutrient addition. Growth shock. At the same time, the leaching of fertilizers into the water body is significantly reduced.

20 It is also noteworthy that industrial waste plasters and e.g. ash.

Other considerable advantages are also achieved by means of the device according to the invention. There is no need for patching, plowing or other tillage work on the planted soil, as the surface vegetation under the 25 equipment dies and, with the help of soluble substances from the casting component, becomes seedling-promoting humus in 1-3 years. The device reserves space for seedling growth, for example by keeping even strong forest grass in some places far enough away from 30 seedlings for its most sensitive growing season. Hay poisoning is thus not required.

The device can be used to plant seedlings grown in the nursery by different methods, or it can be used to sow seeds that are pre-placed in the device or placed in the field 3 84008, in which case the nursery stage is completely eliminated. Since only one or at most a few seeds are sown in the device, the need for first thinning of the seedlings is also considerably reduced.

The invention will now be described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which

Figure 1 shows a device according to the invention in a perspective view,

Figure 2 shows a vertical cross-section of the device and

Figure 3 shows the wood sap growing in the device.

The device according to the invention consists of a gypsum casting, open-bottomed, pot-like casting component 1 and a soil component 2 2 placed inside it, into which the seeds 8 are sown. The horizontal cross-section of a suitable wide-shaped device is, for example, substantially circular, the ratio of the diameter of the circle to the height of the device being greater than 1: 1, preferably 2: 1.

For example, granulated, slowly dissolving trace elements have been added to the casting component of the device. In addition to the trace elements, ash and various repellents, for example for deer and other pests, can also be added to the mixture.

25 The device is manufactured as follows: Trace elements and other growth-promoting and protective substances are mixed with gypsum powder. The gypsum powder used, for example, from industrial waste gypsum, has been treated in such a way that it is mainly in anhydrous or semi-crystalline liquid form. Water is then added to the mixture, whereupon the curing of the mixture begins. The mixture is poured into a mold treated with a release agent such as silicone.

4 84008

Before the gypsum mixture forming the casting component 1 has hardened, the moistened and pre-compressed soil component 2 is preferably added to the mold. The gypsum mixture is partially absorbed into the soil, forming a bonding layer of the casting component 1 and the soil component 2 during curing.

An opening 3 extending through the casting component and extending into the soil component 2 is formed in the middle of the device, on its upper surface. The wood seeds 8 are sown in the soil 10 through the opening 3. The developing seedling 9 grows out of the opening 3, spreading its roots in the soil component 2. When the tree trunk grows to the size of the opening 3 made in the upper surface of the device, the trunk breaks the device and thus the device does not damage the growing tree. The rupture of the device can be facilitated by forming grooves opening in the edge of the device as described below.

The device is designed to be suitably wide, however, so that the soil placed inside it cannot escape during processing. The advantage of width is that the root system 20 can develop naturally in a loose growth space. In addition, the wide device provides protection against the growth of grass and weevils, for example.

The upper surface of the device is shaped to collect rainwater to maintain sufficient moisture inside the device and to ensure proper dissolution of the trace elements bound to the casting component. For this purpose, in the example case, four recesses 4 are formed on the upper surface of the device for collecting rainwater. Rainwater is led from the recesses to 4 soils. When using porous gypsum light, water passes through the material of the device, carrying trace elements with it. The flow of water can also be promoted by forming small openings 5 at the bottom of the recesses 4, from which water can flow into the soil. The soil component 2 thus retains the moisture required for seed germination and seedling growth 84008, regardless of external conditions.

In the exemplary case, the device according to the invention is divided into four blocks so that grooves 7 opening at the edge of the device are formed in the bases 6 between the recesses parallel to the horizontal cross-sectional diameter of the device 5. The grooves 7 extend close to the center of the device. the device erodes-10 from and eventually its rupture when the growth of the tree requires it.

In the field, the device can be placed on top of the moss without breaking the moss cover, because firstly the wide and rainwater collecting device prevents the underlying moss layer 15 from drying and secondly compresses the moss layer to thin. .

As already mentioned above, the casting component contains 20 slowly dissolving trace elements which, through the dissolution, decomposition or porosity of the casting component, are released at the right rate to promote the growth of the wood. When dissolution occurs slowly not so-called. the fertilization shock effect does not occur but the tree seedling develops ter-25 water. Trace elements are released over a long period of time throughout the growing season of the tree. The dissolution of trace elements can be further controlled by coating the device with a suitable material or by adjusting the tightness of the casting component.

The trace element addition is based on a trace element-30 analysis from the growth site or, alternatively, a needle analysis. The device can thus be used to compensate for separate trace element additions and, for example, ash application. At the same time, the trace elements are almost completely utilized, so the need for 6 84008 fertilizers per tree remains remarkably small.

The invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be modified within the scope of the appended claims. For example, the device according to the invention can be made up of several block-like parts 10, 10 ', whereby the device is placed around already planted seedlings. In this case, the growth-promoting and security-promoting topics tied to the blocks are slowly released as the blocks weather, throughout the growing of the tree.

Claims (7)

1. Apparatus for planting tree seeds and plants and for cultivating trees, which consists of a soil material component (2) in which the seeds or plant are intended to be sown, characterized in that the device comprises an advantageous cast component made of plaster. (1) partially surrounding the soil material component (2), the soil material component (2) and the casting component (1) being a scissor-hanging construction, and the soil material component (2) being positioned against the ground when deployed in the terrain, wherein the casting component (1) is a structure which protects the soil material component (2), and that slowly-soluble blocking agents have been added to the casting component and possibly also other growth-promoting and protecting substances, which result from the casting component (1). ) dissolution, decay or porosity are released to promote tree growth in the most favorable way under wood its entire cultivation time. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the casting component (1) is provided with an opening (3) which penetrates the casting component (1) and reaches the soil material component (2), the plant (9) rooting in the soil material component (2). is adapted to penetrate said opening (3). Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal cross-section of the device is substantially circular, where the ratio of the diameter of said circle to the height of the device is greater than 1: 1, advantageously 2: 1. 4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper surface of the casting component (1) is provided with a depression (4) for collecting rainwater, from which depression (4) the rainwater is advantageously caused by the casting component (1). ) porosity flow into the soil material component (2). Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the depression (4) is provided with an opening (5) which permeates the casting component (1) to promote the flow of water to the soil material component (2). Apparatus according to Claim 4, characterized in that the casting component (1) advantageously comprises four recesses (4), said recesses being separated by a flange (6) located between the recesses and a molding 10 at the flanges (6). cutting (7) which opens at the edge of the device to promote weathering and / or decay of the device where the growth of the plant requires it. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device consists of sector-shaped parts (10, 10 ') which can be applied around an already growing plant to promote the growth of the plant.