FI73907B - MASKIN FOER AVLAEGSNING AV ROTANSVAELLNINGAR I STOCKAR. - Google Patents

Description

ΓΓϋΞ ^ ΤΙ ANNOUNCEMENT _ ^ „• ^ rOJ ^ Π1) UTLÄQQNINGSSKRIFT 73 90 7 • Q p ^ .: tl, ν y (51) Kv.lk.4 / lnt.CI4 Β 27 C 5/08, Β 27 L 1 / 00

SUOMI FINLAND

(FI) (21) Patent application - Patentansökning 783356 (22) Application date - Ansökningsdag 03.11 .78

Patent and Rakiatari Board (23) Start date -GHtighetsdag 03.11.78

Patent-och ragistarstyralsen (41) Publicity - Biivit offentiig 05.05.73 (44) Date of dispatch and of publication. - no o7

Ansökan utlagd och utl.skriften publicerad 5 1. uo .0 / (86) Kv. Application-Int. ansökan (32) (33) (31) Privilege claimed - Begärd priority 04.11.77

Sweden-Sverige (SE) 7712493 ~ 1 (71) Bruks Mek. AB, Box 46, ArbrS, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (72) Harding Tannerstäl, Söderhamn, Sweden-Sverige (SE) (74) Ruska & Co Oy (54) Machine for removing logs from thickening -

Maskin för avlägsning av rotansvS11 ningar i Stockar

Logs obtained from the lower part of the tree by logging and cutting are called base supports. The lower part of such root logs associated with the root system of the growing tree has special thickenings.

When the base log is sawn, for example in a frame saw, these base thickenings can cause awkward problems. Thus, it often happens that the base thickeners or parts thereof are ejected and break the saw blades, the blocks in the saw frame and the fastening parts. This results in an outage with associated financial losses. Even if such effects on the saw frame occur only occasionally, the mere occurrence of base thickening has other significant drawbacks. Due to the fact that the base thicknesses protrude quite considerably beyond the normal conicity or average diameter of the log at the base end, the yield of sawn raw material may deteriorate very much and the saw frame must be given maximum dimensions so that it can receive not only the largest part of the log. cars, but also the perimeter, which is formed by the root thickening. This means that the s; - 'nri frame becomes relatively heavy, which t.aas causes k. * Hv k to be allowed to work only with a limited usage .de] 1 a.

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In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, it is known to mill out the base thickenings, i.e. the protrusions, before sawing the log. Hitherto, the machines used for this purpose have a rotating, annular or cylindrical tool equipped with blades or handling members placed inside it, through which the log is guided while it is constantly held by a special feeder. In this case, the log is held in the moving feeder, while the tool rotates away the base thicknesses of the milling cutters. There are two different types of milling machines on the iMarket. The first type is called the maximum thinner. It has a fixed thinning dimension, for example 400 mmm in diameter, i.e. it vd. mill thinner all logs with a base thickening protruding beyond a 400 mm diameter base support, but cannot handle small diameter logs, such as 150 to 250 mm thick, with a base thickness. The second type of machine has adjustable handling members that can be adapted to different thickness supports. The positioning or adjustment of these handling elements can only be performed when the machine is stationary, so the rational use of the machine requires that it be fed with sorted supports, i.e. with supports divided into several categories, with similar diameters in each category. Forcing logs to be sorted in this way is, in practice, a major drawback, both technically and economically. Another major drawback of these previously known milling cutters is that they have a small capacity.

The above-mentioned machines with the above-mentioned drawbacks are described in Norwegian publication 129 665 and in Swedish publication 363 755 and 386 852.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to create the conditions for the rapid, simple and rational removal of harmful base thickenings of logs. This is achieved by a machine according to the invention, characterized mainly by the combination that the workpiece is kept rotatable in the holding device at the same time as at least one rotary milling unit with external circumferentially mounted machining members is brought into contact with the workpiece to handle it.

This makes it possible to handle logs of as different diameters as possible in one and the same machine, without requiring any arrangement of the machine between different types of logs.

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The special features of the machine according to the invention appear in more detail from the following claims.

Although the invention is explained precisely in connection with base logs, it is clear that the inventive idea is also applicable to other products or workpieces, in particular workpieces included in grades of unsorted or unclassified diameters. In this case, the material of the workpiece is not in itself decisive. Thus, instead of workpieces made of wood, workpieces made of metal, plastic, concrete or combinations thereof may be considered.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, a more detailed description of an exemplary embodiment of the invention will now follow. In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a top view of a machine according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a side view of the machine, and Fig. 3 shows in larger size a cross-section taken along the line III-III in Fig. 1.

As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the machine according to the invention comprises, on the one hand, a holding device indicated by reference numeral 1 with two functions, namely holding and rotating the base supports 2 and rotating a rotating milling unit 3 with external machining members. towards and away from.

The holding device 1 comprises, on the other hand, a stationary support device formed by two successive, separate V-shaped supports 1 and 5, adapted to support the base logs 2 from below, and furthermore at least one pusher 6 located above, moving towards and away from the support device. adapted to press against the base of the log 2 with the intention of attaching the base log to the workstation shown in dashed lines in Fig. 2. This pusher 6 is movable in a substantially vertical plane located between the two brackets 4 and 5 and shown by the double arrow A in Fig. 2. It is noted that the plane of movement of the pusher is not only from the first bracket 4 but also from the second bracket 5, although the latter is quite small.

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It can be seen from Figure 3 how the support 5 (as well as the support * 0 comprises two endless chains 7, 8, each of which is arranged between two spaced sprockets 9, 10 and 11, 12 (see also Figures 1 and 2). Both of these chains can advantageously be provided with suitable • cartuin members, e.g. teeth or tines 13 · The sprockets 9-12 are supported by a vertical plate l ^ J, which in turn is supported by an elongate base 15 belonging to the machine. -Then a second pair of sprockets 9 »10 is fitted to the plate 1 * 4 on one side, while the other pair of sprockets 11, 12 are placed on the opposite side of the plate. These sprockets 9 and 11 are shifted upwards and outwards relative to the sprockets 10, 12 so that the upper parts of the chains 7, 8 are inclined to form a V-shape. a configuration suitable for receiving the base log 2, shown in Figure 3 by two circular dotted lines 2 *, 2 ”, which show that the height of the log may vary in diameter. n has a V-shaped notch IV at the top of the plate.

In this case, both sprockets 10, 12 of the brackets 1 and 5 are fixed to a rotatable drive shaft 16 running in the longitudinal direction of the receiver, which is adapted to drive both chains 7, 8 in the same tangential direction of movement. More specifically, the chains shown in Figure 3 are adapted to run to the left at their upper part, i.e. their receiving part. The shaft 16 is preferably driven by an electric motor 17 via a gearbox 18.

Both the drive shaft 16 and the rotary shaft 21 are most preferably mounted on the plates 14 of the brackets * »5. In the example shown, there is further a support plate 1V at a distance from the milling unit 3 of the receiver for bearing the ends of both shafts.

The above-mentioned pusher 6 comprises, as best seen in Fig. 3, a yoke 25 with three sprockets 16, '26', and 26 ". These sprockets, arranged in a triangular shape, together support an endless chain 27 in which, as in the chains 7 , 8 are preferably suitable gripping members.The downwardly directed or substantially horizontal part 27 'in the chain 27 is intended to rest against the base logs 2.

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The second part 27 "is influenced by a resilient or reciprocating reversible shoe 28 which always tends to straighten the lower part 27 'and against which the latter part can be modified to fit different cross-sectional dimensions of the log 2. The recoilability of the shoe 28 is provided by a spring device 29. The sprocket 26' is rotatable to drive the chain 27 in the same tangential direction of movement as the chains 7, 8 of the brackets 4, 5. As can be seen in Figure 2, the rotation of the sprocket 26 is effected by a motor supported on the base 30 via a gear 32 and a cardan shaft 33.

Ies 25 is supported at the free end of a directional guide or articulation system, which system includes on the one hand a control lever 3 ^ and on the other hand two separate control or drive levers 35 assembled from two tubes or rods 35, 35 '· These control levers are connected to rotatable plate pieces 36 which are fitted to a common shaft 37 and are pivotable by means of piston-cylinder mechanisms 38.

At the top of the base 30 there are a number of limit switches 39 placed side by side, only one of which is shown in Figure 2. Each limit switch has a corresponding stop 40 (only one of which is shown in Figure 2) on the plate 36. This stop 40 serves as the pusher 6 when turning the log 2 against, to feel the diameter of the log and under the influence of the limit switches j39 affect the time relays, which in turn determine the length of the milling time. Namely, since the chains 7, 8 and 27 are operated at a constant speed, the required milling time will vary depending on the size of the logs, so that a thicker log requires a longer milling time than a thinner log. This is adjusted automatically via the mentioned switches, responses and time relays.

Of course, the plate 36 can also be provided with other means for sensing and / or indicating the descent of the pusher 6. As such means, for example, a marking and / or sorting system can be used.

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The milling unit 3 belonging to the machine is in the form of an elongate cylinder supported between two separate support arms 41, 42 (see Fig. 1) oriented at an angle to the axis of rotation of the milling unit, mounted on a common shaft 43. Piston-cylinder mechanisms 44 (see Fig. 2) ), these support arms 4l, 42 can be pivoted from a rest position under the log to a closer operating position than the log. At the right end in Fig. 2, the milling cylinder 3 is connected to one end of the cardan shaft 45, the opposite end of the cardan shaft being connected to a fixed, preferably high-power drive 46, e.g. an electric motor. As can be seen from Figure 1, the axis of rotation of the milling unit is substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the receiver or machine, and the milling cylinder in question is practically in the same direction of rotation as the log, i.e. opposite to the direction of rotation of the sprockets 9-12. This is because the machining members of the milling cylinder will operate in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the log.

The machine described works as follows. In the initial stage, the pusher 6 is raised to the rest position shown in Figures 2 and 3. The milling unit 3 is likewise located in its rest position, which is located obliquely below the extension of the imaginary intersection of the planes defined by the V-shaped supports.

The log 2, the swelling, i.e. the base thickening, denoted by reference numeral 60, will be rolled from the other side of the machine so that it will rest on the V-shaped recesses of the plates 14, with chains 7, 8 resting against the circumference of the log. In this case, it is noticed that the log is positioned in the support device formed by the supports 4, 5 in such a way that its end part comprising the base thickening 60 protrudes from the free-standing support 5 · In the next step the pusher 6 is lowered against the log so that the lower part 27 'of the chain 27 in a certain part related to the mainly circular cross-sectional shape of the log. Now attached

II

7 73907 the rotation of the log is achieved by using a sprocket 26 "and a shaft 16, which causes the chains 7, 8 and 27 to continue moving, taking the log with them clockwise as seen in Fig. 3.

Now, the milling of the base thickening is performed by turning the milling unit up to a position where it comes into contact with the base thickening, whereby this unit continues to rotate by means of the motor ^ 6. The milling unit is also rotated clockwise, i.e. in the same direction as the log 2, as a result of which the cutting piece of the milling unit and the surface parts of the log meet in opposite tangential directions when the milling unit is brought into contact with the log. The milling unit can be fed manually or automatically.

When milling is completed, the milling unit is lowered to its rest position and the presser 6 is separated from the supports by means of a piston-cylinder mechanism 38.

The log is then pushed out of the support device by means of extrusion devices 19, 20 which are turned about 90μ from the rest position to a position where they pass the back part 6l of the plates 1¾. Once the log 2 has passed this back part 6l, it can automatically roll away from the machine along the obliquely downwardly extending parts 62 of the plates 14.

Then, when the ejectors are returned to the rest position, the machine is ready to receive a new log for handling.

The advantages of the machine according to the invention are obvious, as it can handle logs in a simple and efficient way, regardless of their size. In addition, the machine provides a very large production capacity thanks to the combination of a rotating log and simultaneously rotating machining elements.

Of course, the invention is not limited only to the embodiment described and shown in the drawings. Thus, the machine can be used not only for handling logs, but also for handling other arbitrary workpieces. Instead of just two separate supports of the described quality built for the support device, it is conceivable to use other types of support devices, e.g. a support device built exclusively from wheels and / or cylinders. Instead of just one pusher, two or more pushers can be used, in which case the pushers can be constructed in a way other than that shown in the drawings. Of course, the machine can also be programmed so that it does not have to handle a log, which is automatically introduced into the support device, but which for one reason or another does not require any handling, e.g. due to missing base thickenings. Other modifications of the invention are also conceivable within the scope of the following claims.

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Claims (3)

A machine for removing root swelling in logs, comprising a carrier (1) consisting of two successive upwardly opening V-shaped supports for supporting the log (2) at its top end while the root end projects freely from the carrier and causing the log to rotate and a rotatable milling unit (53) provided with external processing elements (53) for carrying out the processing of the log arranged in the carrier, characterized in that the milling unit (3) is located below the location of the log's free projecting root end for processing a rotary bottom end along a a line which is parallel to the intended cutting of the surfaces determined by the V-shaped supports of the carrier and that the machine comprises at least one located above the carrier, against and from this movable abutment (6) for pressing against the log in order to secure it in a operating position between the appliance and the carrier. 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the lugs (6) formed by the yoke (25) is supported by a parallel control or linkage system (34, 35. The operating links (35) are connected to at least one, preferably by means of a piston-cylinder mechanism (38) rotatable portion (36) having means (39, 40) for sensing and / or indicating the lowering of the housing (6) and thus the cross-sectional dimensions of the log (2). Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the milling unit (3), which is preferably in the form of an elongated cylinder, is supported between two separate, angularly directed support arms (41, 42) directed at the milling axis of the milling unit, a resting position located below the log to a proximate, operative position. Il