FI69530C - FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER PAOLAEGGNING AV ETT TRAODLAGER PAO ETT TVINNAT FOEREMAOL - Google Patents

Description

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1 Patent .To.hhaiat 10 0C 108C

(51) Kv.lk//lnt.CI.4 H 01 B 13/26 (21) Patent application - Patentansökning 772703 (22) Application date - Ansökningsdag 1 A. 09 7 7 iFI) '* (23) Start date - Giltighetsdag 1 ^ .09-77 (41) Made public - Blivit offentlig 1 2.08.78

National Board of Patents and Registration of Finland Date of display and hearing. - 31.10.85

Patent- och registerstyrelsen 'f Ansökan utlagd ooh utl.skriften publicerad (32) (33) (31) Privilege claimed - Begärd priority 1 1.02.77, 21.02.77, 26.Ο3.77 Federal Republic of Germany-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) P 27057 * β · 8, p 2707 ^ 21.1, p 2713521.3 (71) kabelmetal electro GmbH, Kabelkamp 20, D-3000 Hannover, Federal Republic of Germany Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) r (72) Dieter Ahlvers, Berlin, Ernst Hoffmann, Langenhagen, Siegfried Richter,

Burgwedel, Gerhard Ziemek, Langenhagen, Friedrich Schatz, Langenhagen,

Federal Republic of Germany-Förbundsrepubliken Tyskland (DE) (7 * 0 Oy Kolster Ab (5 * 0 Method and apparatus for placing 1 layer of duck on a braided object -Förfarande och anordning förgäling av ett trädlager pl ett tvinnat föremä1

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for forming one or more layers of a plurality of corrugated wires on the surface of electric cables and wires, the individual wires being pulled from storage and their direction of rotation constantly changing during rotation and the individual wires held by a tape wrapped.

It is already known in electrical engineering (German Utility Model Protection 1,875,570) to manufacture a concentric protective or neutral conductor from a number of individual wires arranged in a variable direction of rotation. For this purpose, the individual wires are passed through a ring plate coaxial with respect to the cable axis, the circumference of which has openings through which the wires pass. This plate performs an oscillating motion so that the 69 5 3 0 2 individual wires, in cooperation with the rotating nipple, form a waveform and settle on the cable core or sink into the mass located in the core. Until the copper coil is fitted, a special guide nipple holds the concentric conductor.

In this case, it is detrimental that an adhesive mass must always be on hand as a substrate and a control device of a corresponding length to prevent the concentric conductor from falling off the heart, since the conductor does not twist around the cable. However, such a mass is often undesirable, e.g. when making cables for high and very high voltages or also when making reinforcements for an arbitrary rope-like braided object.

For this reason, it is also already mentioned, concentric reset! in the manufacture of cables comprising a protective conductor, an endless strip is introduced into the cable at a point of rotation through the rollers, which winds it one or more times and is then similarly guided back through the rollers and taken back to the feed point (German Pat. No. 1,510,097). The machinery required for this purpose has so far prevented the introduction of this method.

It is an object of the present invention, using very few machines, to fit one or more layers of a plurality of individual metal wires to a desired surface of an elongate article, thereby altering the rotation of the wires.

According to the invention, this object is solved in such a way that the individual yarns, at the point where they come to the surface of the object, follow the rotational movement in succession into a rotating nipple formed during rotation in the inlet area, which remains on the yarn layer or layers.

Such a measure makes it possible to apply a so-called Ceander layer to the desired substrates, especially also those with little or no adhesive force. This is the case, for example, when the metal shield of a medium- or high-voltage cable has to be fitted and when the conventional wire-embedding mass in Ceander cable technology is omitted. Compared to this known method, the entire work step is thus saved. In addition to this, due to the first winding of the resulting nipple 69530 3, which nipple immediately adheres to the individual threads, even alignment of the individual threads is also possible in the reversal area of the direction of rotation.

In order to carry out the invention, it has proved expedient to wrap as a used nipple in the entry area of the wires and to hold them, namely along the entire circumference of the elongate object. For this reason, it has proved particularly advantageous for the strip to be wrapped with a thread length at most equal to the width of the strip.

Any desired material can be used as the strip material, provided that it has the necessary tensile strength. Suitably, insulating tapes or also tapes coated with conductive layers are used, which in addition may have means on the surface facing the wire layer or layers for increasing the frictional resistance, e.g. an adhesive layer or grooves. But also metal strips made as smooth or grooved strips can be advantageously used depending on the object used.

In electrical cables, especially medium or high voltage cables, a copper strip is generally wound with a large thread in a helical manner to improve the transverse conductivity. This improvement in transverse conductivity is achieved in connection with the method according to the invention simply by wrapping a copper strip on the cable before placing the wire layer in place. The fitting of the wire layer remains completely independent of the placement of the copper strip, and the mechanical costs associated with the placement of the individual wires can thus be reduced to a minimum.

Especially in the case of cables with a flexible object or a small diameter, there is a risk that the superimposed wire layer will slip off, so that even coverage is not achieved.

A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention makes it possible to cover evenly, regardless of the quality of the object, by means of a layer of yarn applied on top. This embodiment is characterized in that the strip is wound obliquely and with a thread length or pitch and a pitch of the preform 69530 4 such that each wire is pressed against this surface at the point where it meets the surface of the cable or wire and forms a twist or attachment point to further shape this wire. during the twisting phase that during the further shaping of the wire the next part of the wire coming to the surface of the cable or wire is pressed against the surface and in turn acts as a fastening point of the further shaping, leaving the part of the strip forming the fastening or twisting point of each wire part for fastening the shaped wires to each wire part wire in its twisted form adheres to the surface, and that this step of compression, attachment or pivot point formation, shaping, and subsequent attachment is repeated continuously over the entire length of the cable and wire.

In order to carry out the method according to the invention, it has proved advantageous to have a hollow nipple with circumferential guide means for the yarns and running in a different direction of rotation, and a tape holding device, characterized in that the hinge nipple and the tape for threads to be fitted.

According to the invention, it has also proved advantageous to use holding elements consisting of two or more radially adjustable rollers with a suitable coating on the surface of the cable or wire and pressed against the surface of the cable or wire for holding against rotation, characterized in that the holding elements are fitted immediately behind the point where the tape reaches the surface of the cable or wire, and that these retaining elements prevent the cable or wire from twisting due to the forces exerted on the cable or wire by the wires and tape arranged in a variable direction of rotation. Such rollers ensure that the object is held securely at all times. This is also the case when the object exhibits thickness fluctuations due to manufacturing tolerances.

The optimization of the distance between the inlet and the holding point is performed for each elongate object according to the desired testing requirements. For this purpose, either 69530 5 rolls can be moved towards the setting nipple formed of the strip or, conversely, the setting nipple can be moved towards the fixed rolls.

The invention will be explained in more detail in connection with the manufacture of an electric high-voltage cable shown in Figures 1-5 as an embodiment.

A cable core 1 consisting of a conductor, an insulator and an outer conductor layer from a spraying device (not shown) is introduced into a strip braiding device 2 (Fig. 1), by means of which the copper strip 4 from the storage coil 3 is arranged in a helix. The guide nipple 5 is used to press the strip winding onto the conductor layer of the cable core below.

As manufacturing progresses, the cable core passes through a hollow nipple 6 which rotates in a circumferentially varying direction of rotation and is provided on its surface with guide rollers 7. These circumferentially evenly distributed guide grooves receive the individual wires 9 in the region 13, i.e. at the point where they come to the surface of the cable core 1, are successively arranged inside the nipple formed by the retaining strip 10 following the rotational movement.

A retaining strip acting as a nipple, which wraps around the cable core, remains on it so that the wires remain securely on the cable core 1 after they have been fitted in place. The strip braiding device 11 fits the retaining strip 10 in place, which device 11 is made as a central braiding device in the embodiment shown, but which can also be a tangential braiding device.

Especially in the case of cable cores with a small conductor cross-section and correspondingly a small insulating wall thickness, it can occasionally happen that the torsional forces acting on the core partially loosen the winding strip below the retaining strip. To prevent this, a retaining device 12 for the cable core is arranged in connection with the inlet area, which prevents the cable from twisting.

In the embodiment according to Figures 2 and 3, a cable core 15, not shown, consisting of a conductor, an inner conductor layer, an insulator and an outer conductor layer in the case of a medium-voltage cable, is provided with a long-threaded strip 16. Not shown the individual wires 17 imported from the warehouses are arranged by means of a rotating guide or setting cone 18 on a cable core 15 according to the direction of rotation of the cone 18 as a SZ rotation.

In order for this insertion to take place also on a smooth surface per se, a retaining strip 25 is arranged via the braiding device 19, which immediately surrounds the strips 17 in the inlet area 24 and fastens them to the core so that the strip remains a nipple used in the heart.

To ensure that the wire layer remains on the core as desired and covers the core, the cable is held in place by a device 20, which may be arbitrarily shaped but preferably formed, as shown on an enlarged scale in Figure 3, by two rollers 21 and 22 surrounding the cable and making torques to a large extent damage-why. The coating 23 on the running surfaces of the rollers, which is made flexible, prevents damage to the cable due to fluctuations in thickness.

The device 20, which may be a roller drive device or rollers 21 and 22 shown in the drawing, is movable in the axial direction, as indicated by the arrow, so that, depending on the conditions, diameter, flexibility, etc., the distance to be removed is located in the inlet area 24 and between the holding points 20, 21, 22 can be optimized. In this case, it is essential that the angle of rotation of the object is kept as small as possible without preventing the placement of the wires and the braiding event.

If, for example, a special curved shape of the concentric wires is required, then it is advantageous if the basic speed value set for the respective manufacture shortly before the pivot point is increased and the change of direction of rotation takes place at this increased speed. After the change in the direction of rotation, the increased speed is returned to the basic speed again. Suitable control devices for this purpose are non-contact control devices which are known to be constructed of li 7 69 5 30 electronic elements.

As shown in Fig. 4, which shows the rotation speed curve with time, we first work at a certain speed + V.J, which determines the length of the thread. Shortly before reaching the time of the change from positive to negative direction of rotation, the rotational speed is increased from + V ^ to + V2 · At this increased rotational speed, the direction of rotation changes to -V ^ and finally this is restored in the negative range -V ^. While continuing to work, the rotational speed is again increased to -V2 and the direction of rotation changes to the corresponding positive range + V2. It is essential that the absolute values of the basic speeds and the increased speeds are the same. If the letter B denotes the number of revolutions moving from the circumferential hollow nipple 6 to the wires, then in the exemplary embodiment, B2 is treated as 10: 1, while B2 is equal to B3.

The control of the time course takes place depending on the number of revolutions of the hollow nipple 6, i.e. the preselection counter calculates the revolutions or parts of the revolution. A second, similarly not shown, preselection counter connected to the former determines the length and time of the speed increase before and after the speed change (B2, B ^). These two preselection counters connect, for example, relays of known type, the contacts of which switch the required setpoints, whereby the adjustable voltage divider gives the setpoints (-V1, ~ V2). In this case, it is essential that the first preselection counter counts the revolutions from zero in the positive direction, changes by the set value and then counts through zero in the negative direction, e.g. as 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, -2. -3. -4. -3. -2, -1, 0, +1, +2 ... etc.

Figures 5 and 6 show, by way of example, electrical cables provided by the method and device according to the invention. Figure 5 shows a low voltage cable consisting of three conductors 1, 2 and 3, which in the example are sector-sized. According to the invention, a copper strip 5 is wound in a helical manner on the end of the conductors, which is covered by a wire layer 6 consisting of a plurality of individual wires having a variable direction of rotation.

69530 8

The plastic retaining tape 7 has acted as a nipple during manufacture. The outer sheath 8 of polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene is located outside this strip.

Figure 6 shows a high voltage cable with one conductor. The conductor 9 formed of individual wires is surrounded by a conductive inner layer 10.

The high voltage insulation 11 is in turn surrounded by an outer conductive layer 12. On top of which is a copper strip coil 13, possibly via a soft layer, and on top of which is a shield 14. This shield is made as described above using a strip as a nipple. The plastic film 15 covers the protective wires surrounded by the outer sheath 16.

Claims (3)

A method of producing one or more layers of a plurality of road-shaped deformed trees on the top surface of electric cables and wires, wherein the individual trees are stripped from the tread and their direction of stroke during the braid is continuously changed and the individual trees are retained by means of a car. -that layer is wound band, characterized in that the web is peeled so obliquely and with such a stroke or rise and bias that every tree at the point where it meets the cable or conduit surface is pressed against this top surface and forms the strike surface. or pouring point for the continued deformation of this tree during the braiding process, that during the further deformation of the trees running almost on the cable or conduit surface, the tree section is printed on the top surface and in turn serves as the pouring point for the further deformation, that the strip section forming the cutting or the pour point of each tree section is left on each tree section for fixing the deforms The trees say that it retains each tree in its beaten shape on the top surface, and that this process of pressing, forming a beating or pouring point, deformation and connecting fixation is constantly repeated over the entire cable and line length. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, which device has a heel nipple (6) which at its periphery has guide means (7) for the trees (9) and which rotate in alternating direction of rotation, as well as a belt retaining device ( 10), characterized in that the heel nipple (6) rotating in alternating direction of rotation and the belt (10) themselves form the retaining device for the trees (9) to be arranged in alternating stroke directions. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, with holder elements (20) for the cable or line, which hold elements consists of two or more adjustable rollers (21, 22) in the radial direction of the cable or line with an upper surface cover (23) which is pressed against the cable or conduit surface, characterized in that the pouring elements (20) are arranged immediately behind the place where the strip reaches the cable or conduit surface and that these pouring elements hold the cable or conduction against the rotation initiated by forces arranged with the alternating strikes ( 7) and by means of the band (25) is exerted on the cable or line.