FI67739C - BYGGNADSBLOCK - Google Patents

Description

67739

building block

The invention relates to a building block having relatively thin parallel parallel walls of concrete structure, an end wall connecting the side walls and in which the other end is open and in which a cellular thermal insulation runs through the entire length of the block (L) formed cavities.

10 The use of cast concrete structures is known.

In this case, the concrete formwork boards used with their work and accessories are almost completely disposable. Concrete formwork work is very expensive and time consuming and often requires expensive carpentry work. The timber needed for the work and its handling, especially the timber to be demolished, causes a great deal of disorder and accident on the construction site. Installing thermal insulators for concrete structures and placing them in such a way that they remain well in place is difficult to implement.

20 In winter construction, heating concrete molds to casting is cumbersome, requires a lot of energy and additional equipment, and is often economically unprofitable, especially for a self-employed builder.

It is also known to use ingots in foundations, 25 exterior walls and many other structures. This avoids many of the disadvantages of conventional concrete formwork.

Prior art building blocks can be roughly divided into solid blocks and hollow blocks. Furthermore, for both types of ingots, a thermal insulation inside the ingot structure acting as a thermal break can be used.

Of the block blocks, mention should be made of the foundation blocks used as plinth blocks, which can be provided with mounting and positioning grooves on the bottom surfaces.

35 There are also brick blocks on the market with a separate foam break. The disadvantage of this type of ingots is that the ingots are masonry.

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Masonry work with auxiliary work is expensive. In addition, the vertical reinforcement of these ingot structures is cumbersome and the cutting of ingots and, in general, post-processing is a major task. The use of this type of ingot in load-bearing, unilaterally loaded or otherwise high-strength structures is also limited.

FI patents 44042, 46761, 47686 and 60276 disclose hollow-structured ingot elements which can be conveniently connected as ingot sets and which have a cavity-10 lat for filling casting, vertical reinforcement, cable outlets, etc. For example, FI patent 60276 discloses an ingot element in which one end has an open cavity and the side walls are connected by partitions, the upper surface of which is curved downwards to equalize the filling casting and to ensure the continuity of the filling casting from one ingot to the other. The elements are heavy-duty and difficult to finish. The insulating material must be added to the cavities afterwards, which makes it difficult to fix the material in place.

DE-A-1 803 565, 1 916 400, 1 924 612, 20 2 924 579 and 3 035 312 disclose hollow blocks with a separate foam insulation as a thermal cut.

For example, DE-A-3 035 312 discloses a hollow block having cavities for filling casting and further passing through the entire wall of the ingot parallel to the end to the end of the ingot 25, which is attached to the shell structure by means of dovetail joints. In this structure, the cavity spaces are bounded on all sides by a concrete ring structure. The ingot structure becomes heavy and expensive.

In the block structure according to DE-A-1 924 612 (application 1), a separate thermal insulation also passes through the entire block. The attachment of this insulation has not been sufficiently ensured. The insulation on one side is essentially confined to the concrete structure.

In the hollow block element according to DE-A-1 803 565 (embodiments Figures 1 and 2), the insulation is substantially limited in length to the outer wall and inner wall structures. The structure does not achieve the best possible financial outcome. The structure becomes relatively heavy.

The structure according to DE-A-3 67739 DE 924 579 discloses a building element in which the sound and thermal insulation is limited to a cavity duct and a separate rear ventilation duct. The attachment of the thermal insulation has not been sufficiently secured separately.

The object of the present invention is to provide an insulated hollow ingot, in particular a plinth and outer wall ingot, which avoids the above-mentioned drawbacks and disadvantages and which ensures the manual handling of the ingot, the structure of the ingots, good thermal insulation, good thermal insulation the use of unnecessary weight- and cost-increasing partitions, provided that the structure has sufficient structural strength and that the insulation is then attached sufficiently well, provided that no forces distorting the insulation and causing stresses on the insulation during the filling casting are also created. Finishing the element should also be easy.

The above objects are achieved by a block structure according to the claims.

The invention is characterized by what is stated in the main claim.

The inventive block structure according to the application is based on the idea that by placing the thermal insulation in the middle of the block 25 and supporting it in separate ribs by means of a on the side of the center line parallel to the side walls of the ingot. The ribs may advantageously have a separate spreading shoulder before the dovetail flattening, whereby the forces acting on the dovetail attachments in the casting are reduced and equalized. The central insulator 35 is attached to the wall portions of the second end wall of the ingot by a 1/2 dovetail joint. With the central position of the insulator according to the invention, the supporting fastening of the insulator by means of dovetail extensions of the ribs and the 1/2 dovetail extensions of the wall portions of the end wall -use of internal concrete walls, since the central insulation acts as one of the wall sections of the cavities and thus an easily post-machined block element is also achieved. The symmetry of the cavity structure with respect to the central insulation promotes the uniformity of the infill casting and reduces the stresses due to the solidification of the infill casting in the central insulation.

Other details and features of the invention will become apparent from the claims and the following description, taken in conjunction with the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a general view of the ingot according to the invention. Fig. 2 shows a top view of the ingot 20 according to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows dovetail attachment of the insulator. Figures 14a-25 extend downwards from the plane defined by the central foam insulation and the sidewalls surface surfaces. Figure 6 shows an angle block.

Figure 1 shows a hollow block according to the invention, in which the thermal insulation 1 made of cellular plastic is in the middle.

Figure 2 shows a top view of a block according to the invention, comprising parallel side walls 2, an end wall 3 connecting the side walls, consisting of concrete wall sections and a central insulating section. The central cellular plastic insulation is connected to the side walls 2, preferably by the same 35 castings with the ribs 4 with the side walls, whereby the central thermal insulation element 1 is attached to the ribs by a joint formed by a dovetail groove in the ribs and a corresponding dovetail groove.

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Inside the ingot structure, cavities 5 and 6 are formed symmetrically on both sides of the center line A parallel to the side walls, as well as open end cavities 7 bounded by walls, ribs and a cellular thermal insulation located substantially in the middle 5 to 5 according to the invention.

Fig. 3 shows separately the rib structure of the walls, which consists of a wall portion 8, a resiliently shaped widening shoulder 9 and a dovetail widening 10 10 reducing the stresses on the dovetail joint. The principle is to avoid sharp corners.

Figure 4 shows the attachment of the insulation at the end walls to the end wall portions by a 1/2 dovetail connection. The wall sections have a 1/2-dovetail extension 11 and a load-balancing expansion shoulder 12 extending inwards into the ingot.

Figure 5 shows the moldings for filling casting, the function of which is to even out the casting in the si-20 of the ingot and to enable the adjacent ingots to be joined together by a uniform casting. The lowerings are formed on both sides of the central insulation 1 on both the ribs and the end wall. The lowerings are marked with the number 13.

Figure 6 shows a corner block associated with a basic block size according to the invention. It is essential in the corner block that it differs from the basic block in its structure and dimension only in that the central insulation 1 does not now extend to the end wall, but to ensure uniform insulation without thermal bridges, is relatively short in the corner block and is installed directly at home. an additional insulator 14 connected by a 1/2 dovetail joint to the side wall.

Insulators 1 and 14 are made of cellular plastic. The other circumferential structure and ribs are concrete.

The details of the ingot according to the invention can vary considerably within the scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

6 67739 A building block having relatively thin concrete-structured parallel sidewalls (2), an end wall (3) connecting the sidewalls and wherein the other end of the block is open and in which a foamed thermal insulation runs along the entire length of the block (L) parallel to the side walls. 1), in which cavities are formed between the thermal insulation and the walls, characterized in that the foam thermal insulation (1) is located in the middle of the ridge and the thermal insulation (1) is connected to the side walls (2) by ribs (4) between the ribs and the thermal insulation. ), wherein the cavities (5,6,7) are formed on each side of the thermal insulation (1), respectively, and are limited not only to the walls and ribs but especially to the central foam insulation (1). Building block according to Claim 1, characterized in that the wall portions of the end wall (3) are connected by a 1/2 dovetail connection to a central foam insulation (1). A block according to claim 1, characterized in that the rib (4) comprises a widening shoulder (9) between the end dovetail flap (10) and the straight wall portion (8). A block according to claim 2, characterized in that the wall portions of the end (3) are preceded by widening shoulders (12) before the 1/2-dovetail expansions (11). Block according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lower wall surface (3) and the ribs (4) are provided with recesses (13).