FI58555C - FOERBAETTRAD FOERRAODSRESERVOAR FOER GAS I VAETSKEFORM VID MYCKET LAOG TEMPERATUR - Google Patents

Description

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France-France (FR) 7037691 (71) Gaz de France, 23, rue Philibert Delorme, 75 Paris 17 °,

Gaz-Transport, Π5 »Boulevard Haussmann, 75 Paris 9 °» France-France (FR) (72) Lucien Louis Richard, Neuilly S / Seine, Auguste Prosper Alphonse Gilles,

Paris, France-France (FR) (7Π) Oy Borenius & Co Ab (5Π) Improved storage tank for liquefied gas at very low temperatures - Förbättrad förrädsreservoar för gas i vätskeform vid mycket läg temperatur

The main object of the invention is a storage tank for a very low temperature liquefied gas, e.g. liquefied natural gas, which tank can be fixed to the ground or immersed and anchored to the bottom of the continental shelf, and which is of the type with an outer shell formed from the bottom. v.

and a dome made of prestressed reinforced concrete or some other suitable mechanically resistant material, such as steel or light metal alloy, a thick thermal insulation layer formed of enclosures made of wood, plywood or the like and filled with an insulating material such as pumice. , rock wool or the like, the housings being fixedly arranged or placed side by side so as to cover most of the base and the sheath on the inside, and at least one sealing press which presses into said thermal insulation layer to which it is attached, which sealing is formed of low temperature resistant and of a thin film of metal having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, e.g. strips of invar or similar material, the flanges of which towards the interior of the container are welded at their edges to metal strips attached to said thermal insulator; errokseen.

For the transport and storage of low-temperature liquids or liquefied gases 2,585,55, containers have been invented, the insulating layer of which consists of various adjacent or superimposed housings, plates, walls or the like, as disclosed, for example, in GB Patents 1,227,033 and 1,145,785, EN- U.S. Patent Nos. 35,828 and 37,512 and U.S. Patent 3,093,260.

Of this type of container, special mention could be made in this connection of the French patent no. 1,546,524 relating to "Storage tank for low temperature liquefied gas".

The invention presents quite important improvements to the above-mentioned patent, in particular with respect to the structure of the insulating layer and the sealing barrier. The said patent has developed and applied a method for forming a tank, which is used by the applicants for the production of methane transport vessels consisting of built-in tanks.

However, the problems associated with ships used to transport methane are significantly different from those associated with a fixed storage tank. In this context, two main differences should be mentioned.

Firstly, the Laiya is intended for the transport of methane and is subject to high dynamic stresses due to the movements of the ship and the liquefied natural gas in the tanks, in addition to which the tanks are subject to distortions due to the deformation of the ship's beam. As a result, each element of the insulating layer and the sealing barrier must, on the one hand, be well attached to the frame and, on the other hand, must be free to deform within a fairly wide range.

Secondly, the transport of liquefied natural gas by sea takes place relatively quickly, so that a relatively high degree of evaporation can be allowed in this type of tank, in particular because the gas evaporated during transport can be used as fuel to develop the ship's propulsion.

In the context of the present invention, on the other hand, it is a question of tanks with a rather large capacity which are erected on solid ground or possibly submerged in the sea so that they can be anchored to the bottom of the continental plinth. The dimensions of the approximately circular cylindrical tank can be, for example, the following: diameter 50, 80, 100 or even 120 meters, and height 20 ... 35 meters. Such tanks are built to store very large volumes of liquefied natural gas for a very long time, e.g. for several months. In times of low consumption, the overproduction can thus be liquefied and stored and used after re-gasification several months later.

Under these conditions, firstly, the degree of gasification is required to be quite low, so that, for example, evaporation during storage may be required not to exceed 0.04% per day. Calculations and experience show that under these conditions, quite thick layers of thermal insulation must be used, at least to cover the shell of the tank. In this connection, the side-by-side and sheathed insulation housings described in the aforementioned patent 1,546,524 are particularly poorly suited. This technology would result in an unprofitable high manufacturing cost, in addition to which the tanks would be quite heavy.

Since, on the other hand, the tanks must be erected on the ground, there is no tolerable dynamic stress on the inner jacket, but only the stress due to the static pressure of the stored liquefied gas. This stress increases from the bottom of the tank in the upward direction. Under these conditions, it is completely useless to use a very rigid and very durable structure, e.g. formed by the above-mentioned juxtaposed housings. From an economic point of view, it is also advantageous for the insulating layer to have an upwardly decreasing compressive strength from the bottom of the container, which must correspond at each point to the maximum static pressure of the liquefied gas.

The invention provides a brief description of new means which are particularly well suited to solving the special problems associated with a tank for the long-term storage of very large quantities of liquefied natural gas, which is built on land or can be dumped on the seabed on a continental shelf.

A container according to the invention of this general type is characterized in particular by the fact that said side-by-side vertical housings are formed by: a) radial plates, optionally partially filled with insulating material, which plates are arranged vertically on top of each other up to approximately the entire height of the tank casing and secured to the jacket by bolts and fittings pre-arranged in vertical rows on the inner surface of the tank jacket, b) front plates, possibly partially filled with insulating material, the plates being arranged side by side so as to leave a space between them to press against the inner radial plates; the ends to which they are locked by locking devices, such as screws threaded into the fastening bolts of said radial plates, and the threaded arm of which is directed towards the interior of the container from said radial plates, the screws being suitably pressed against the plywood; or locking tongues of similar material forming seams of the seams which fit on the adjacent edges of two adjacent front plates, the edges suitably having lips to which these seams covering the seams fit, the lengths of said radial plates and front plates being approximately the same, and e.g. 1.8 ... 2 meters to allow easy handling.

In this way, a great simplification and economy of the structure is obtained compared to the structure described in the above-mentioned patent 1,546,524, which uses superimposed housings. However, this lightened structure gives the front panels freedom and the ability to move relative to each other. This is quite important because the durable jacket outside the tank deforms as a result of external temperature fluctuations that lead to variations in the diameter of the tank. Displacements of several centimeters can then occur in the area of the insulation layer. These deformations can be easily compensated for by the explained free installation of the various radial plates and the front plates, so that these plates can move along and towards each other.

According to another feature of the invention, diagonal supports of wood, fiberglass or similar material pressed on one end of said fastening fittings of the radial plates, which at the relevant point 5 58555 are arranged at an angle, e.g. approximately horizontal and * + 5 ° to the radial direction, while said front plates provided on the inner surface are support legs to which the other ends of said diagonal supports fit, the adjusting means being used to adjust each support leg relative to the associated diagonal support, these diagonal supports forming transverse tendons of said front plates which prevent these front plates from being compressed by liquefied gas.

In this way, the housings forming the load-bearing structure of the insulating layer can achieve the necessary rigidity to withstand the static stress caused by the stored liquefied gas, even if the thickness of this insulating layer is quite large, e.g. on the order of one meter. At each height, the oblique supports, their number and their location can be adjusted so as to provide the strength required for the static pressure of the liquefied gas. The installation work becomes quite simple, because only the radial plates have to be placed in place first, e.g. along vertical rows from the bottom to the upper end of the tank, after which the diagonal supports and front plates are placed, which are attached to the radial plates. Finally, the support legs of the diagonal supports are adjusted so that they function well as the transverse tendons of these diagonal supports. Given the large installation tolerances that allow such assembly, and the clearance of each plate relative to the other plates, all elements can be fabricated in advance as conventional carpentry without having to adhere to precise manufacturing tolerances. After the installation of the thermal insulation enclosures, this can be done simply by filling these enclosures with e.g. perlite, which is suitably filled and sealed.

The invention can also be applied by forming a movement wave known per se to the bottom of the container to connect invariant sealing membranes covering the bottom and the side wall of the container, respectively, this wave being fixed on the one hand to the supporting vertical structure of the tank side wall and on the other. can move in the radial direction, whereby they are anchored to the bottom of the tank by means of ropes or the like. This wave of movement is arranged so that its concave side is directed upwards and that it rests on a load-bearing insulating layer which is suitably a resiliently deformable substance. In this case, there is no risk of the movement wave being broken by the static pressure of the liquefied gas 6 58555, so that this wave can be made of a thin sheet plate, e.g. an invar. The attachment of this wave from its inner edge to the housings, which can slide radially, allows the different large expansions of the tank pony and the flange to be smoothed out, especially as the jacket moves due to thermal fluctuations caused especially by solar radiation.

The invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of the accompanying drawings, which show by way of example a construction form and some alternative solutions according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows a schematic horizontal section of a quarter of the container.

Figure 2 shows a schematic vertical section of a part of the container half.

Fig. 3 shows, on an enlarged scale, a private part III surrounded by a line in Fig. 1 in particular, and this figure shows how the load-bearing insulating layer in contact with the shell of the container is formed.

Figure 4 is an exploded view of how the radial plates, front plates and oblique supports are mounted to cooperate to form the housings of the load-bearing insulating layer.

Fig. 5 shows a section made at the plane V-V of Fig. 3.

Figure 6 shows, on a reduced scale, diagrammatically and in a plane, the arrangement of the radial plates against the container shell.

Fig. 7 shows a section made at the level VII-VII of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 shows a view similar to Fig. 6 of a subsequent erection step in which the front plates are positioned.

Figures 9 and 10 are perspective views showing the fitting of the ends of the oblique support to the front of the front plate and the support foot of the radial plate, respectively.

7 58555

Figure 11 is a schematic top view of the front panel.

Fig. 12 is a side view of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 shows the radial plate in the plane of the plate.

Fig. 14 schematically shows the positioning of four front plates resting on two radial plates, the thickness of which is considerably exaggerated for the sake of clarity of the drawing.

Fig. 15 shows on an enlarged scale a detail XV surrounded by the line of Fig. 3, and this Fig. 15 shows the installation of the sealing film and its attachment to the front plates.

Figure 16 shows a vertical section of the seal near the roof.

Figure 17 shows in vertical section how the connection between the vertical sealing barrier and the horizontal sealing barrier is made by connecting these closures at the bottom of the container by means of a movement wave.

Fig. 18 is a schematic top view, with some parts removed, of the joint shown in section in Fig. 17, in which Fig. 18 the curvature of the container jacket is shown greatly exaggerated to illustrate the description.

Fig. 19 is an enlarged sectional view of the splice zone surrounded by line XIX in Fig. 17.

Fig. 20 is a view similar to Fig. 3 on a reduced scale of an alternative solution using a double seal.

Fig. 21 shows on an enlarged scale a detail surrounded by line XXI in Fig. 20. This figure 21 shows the installation of a double sealing barrier and its attachment to the front plates of the insulating layer.

Fig. 22 is a view similar to Fig. 17 on a reduced scale of an alternative solution in which a movement wave made to connect a vertical sealing membrane to the bottom of the container and a horizontal sealing membrane is divided into two half-waves.

Fig. 23 shows the seal at the roof in a manner similar to Fig. 16, but on a reduced scale in the case where a double seal is used.

Reference is first made to Figures 1 and 2, which show a container 30 for storing liquefied natural gas at a very low temperature at approximately atmospheric pressure in accordance with the invention. This container is essentially formed of a rigid outer shell with a reinforced concrete base 31 resting on a foundation 52, a prestressed reinforced concrete shell 33 and a reinforced concrete vault 34 suspended on ropes 35, a roof 36 with beams 37 , on which rests the thermal insulation layer 38.

Adjacent to the base 31 are rigid housings 39 filled with perlite forming the insulating layer 40 of the bottom of the container.

For example, these housings may be similar in type and construction to those used to form the inner insulating layer of the container described in the aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 1,546,524.

The lateral insulating layer 41 covering the inside of the container jacket 33 is formed of side-by-side housings 42, as will be seen below, and which are specifically described with reference to FIG. The thickness of this layer 41 can be very large, e.g. on the order of one meter.

The sealing barrier inside the container is formed in a manner similar to that described in said patent 1,546,524 from a thin coating of invarious sheet metal with a thickness of e.g. 0.2 or 0.3 mm. The sealing film at the bottom of the container is formed of parallel strips 43 applied over the insulating layer 40 as shown in Figure 1 and having flanges turned at an angle of 90 ° to the interior of the container welded to metal strips attached to the thermal insulation layer 40 as mentioned in U.S. Patent 1,546,524. The sealing membrane of the side wall of the container is formed in the same way as the base membrane of side-by-side invar strips 44, the bulkheads turned 90 ° towards the interior of the container

The sealing membrane 45 covering the bottom of the container and the sealing membrane 46 covering the side wall are tightly connected to each other by a movement wave arranged on the bottom of the container, the structure of which will be explained in more detail below, especially in connection with Figures 17-19.

The roof is sealed with a soft film made of a combination of plastic and metal 48 or the like, the placement of which is explained in more detail in connection with Figure 16. This soft film covers the surface of the roof structure 36 suspended under the concrete vault 34.

The structure of the insulating layer on the side will be explained below, with particular reference to Figures 3 to 15.

As can be seen in particular from Figure 3 *, the thermal insulation layer 41 is formed by side-by-side vertical housings 42. Each housing 42 has: a) radial panels 50 made in the example shown of two plywood panels 51, 52 assembled on wooden beam beams with empty beams 56; 57 is filled with some insulation, e.g. rock wool, b) front panels 60, which in the example shown are made of two plywood boards 61, 62 supported by drill bits, e.g. two end drill bands 63, 65 and four spacers 64. The interior 66 is suitably filled in the same manner as in the case of radial plates with thermal insulation such as rock wool or the like, c) diagonal supports 70 which act as transverse tendons of the front plates 60.

The housings 42 can be positioned and assembled as follows: First, the bolts 80 are anchored in vertical rows to the concrete of the tank jacket 33. In the event that this sheath is made of metal, the bolts are fitted in the same way and fastened, for example, by welding. Vertical lines can be accurately drawn with a laser. The bolts are adapted to fasten the fittings 81 (Figures 3, 5 and 10), ίο 58555, by means of which the radial plates 50 can be fastened to the shell of the tank. When all the bolts 80 are thus positioned in a suitably distributed manner, as will be explained in more detail below, the radial plates can be arranged vertically on top of each other along the vertical lines, thus stacking the plates 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d, 50e, etc. in succession (Fig. 6). up to the top of the tank. The height of these plates is suitably in the order of 1.8 ... 2 meters, so that they can be easily handled. The treatment uses a vertical tower fitted to the tank. Thus, when such a vertical row of radial plates is arranged in place at the ends, the next vertical row is continued, that is, the plates 50p, 50q, 50r, etc. are fixed, and thus continued further. Each radial plate is secured to its fittings 81 by wood screws 82 which are threaded through the openings 83 in the fittings 81. The screws 82 engage the wooden core 53 of the plate 50. Usually, the fitting 81 is initially fitted over the corresponding edge 58 of the plate 50, after which the fastening nuts 84 of the fittings are screwed onto the bolts 80.

Thus, when two or three interconnected vertical rows of radial plates are made as shown in Fig. 6, the oblique supports 70 are placed horizontally between the plates 85 of the fittings 81 (Fig. 10).

On top of this support structure, the front plates 60 are now placed from below, i.e. by installing the plates 60a, 60b, 60c, 60d, etc. in turn (Fig. 8).

As can be seen more clearly from Figure 3, there is a considerably large clearance 68 between the two front plates 60, the purpose of which will become clear later. To enable the front plates 60 to be installed and secured, the lips 69 (Figures 3 and 11) are made on the side edges of the plates 60 so that the same seam covering tongue 86 can press against the radial plate 50 of the adjacent parallel edge of two adjacent front plates. The locking tongue 86 is secured to the edge 59 of the radial plate 50 by bolts 87 fitted (Figs. 3, 4 and 13) to a support rod 55 forming the edge 59 of the plate 50. The tongue 86 is locked by nuts 88 embedded in the bolts 87 (Fig. 3). As can be seen in Figure 13, e.g. three bolts 87 can be used on the edge 59 of the plates 50.

As most clearly seen in Figures 3, 4, 9 and 10, the transverse diagonal supports 70 support one end via fittings 81 between the plates 85 to the tank casing 33 and the other end 11 58555 to metal sensors 90 secured by wood screws to beams 92 on which the front plates 60 press. The beams 92 are in turn mounted on fittings 93 (Figures 3 and 4) which are fastened to the edge 59 of the plates 50 by means of threaded pins 94 and nuts 95. The beams 92 are fastened to the support wings 97 on the sides of the fittings 93 by means of wood screws 96. Figure 8 shows seven beams. 92, which are thus arranged on the transverse diagonal supports 70 ready to receive the front plates 60.

Each foot 90 has an adjusting screw 98 which can be rotated in a threaded hole 99 and which presses into a metal plate 100 on which each diagonal support 70, on which it acts perpendicularly as a tendon, can be suitably placed, thus compensating for any manufacturing tolerances.

The mounting sequence of the housings 42 is thus as follows: a) draw the mounting line and position the bolts 80, h) mount adjacent radial plates with flanges 81 at the edges and secure these plates by inserting nuts 84, c) position the diagonal supports 70, d) fit beams 92 on diagonal supports, fastening and adjusting the transverse tendons, e) placing the front plates 60 in place and fastening them by turning the nuts 88 on the bolts 87 passing through the locking tongues 86 covering the seams.

In such a structure, considerable deformations are possible at the joints of the various front plates, so that the deformations of the sheath are transmitted to the level of the insulating layer by corresponding deformations which do not in any way damage the mechanical strength of the insulating layer 41.

Since the static pressure caused by the liquefied gas is proportional to its height in the tank, the number, distribution and strength of the diagonal supports are calculated so that the tank can withstand the maximum stresses applied to it at each point. Thus, Figures 6 and 8 show a distribution of the diagonal supports in which three groups of two diagonal supports are used for each front plate in the lower part of the tank, while only two groups are used in the middle part 12,58555 and a single group is used in the upper part.

To facilitate the placement and assembly of the faceplates and radial plates, ribs or the like are suitably used between the various overlapping radial plates and faceplates to form supports which ensure vertical joining of the plates in the same line at vertical edges with corresponding grooves or holes. Figures 11 and 12 thus show a bar forming a locking pin 101 projecting into the grooves 102 of the two superimposed front plates. Similarly, Figure 13 shows a bar acting as a locking pin projecting into the vertical edge 104 of the lower radial plate and the vertical edge 105 of the upper radial plate.

The following describes the installation and fastening of the sealing barrier to the insulating layer 41. This is done, as shown in particular in Figures 3 and 15, by grooves 106 on the outer surface of the front panels. More specifically, as shown in Figure 15, a groove 106 is formed in the plywood layer 61 above the panel 60. and as seen in Figure 11, this groove extends along the entire length of the plate. This groove is formed of an approximately rectangular section milled into the plate support surface 61 and extended on one side below the plate support surface by a groove 108. A horizontal branch of the profile 109, which is made invar or other low temperature resistant and low thermal expansion coefficient, fits into this groove 108. a metal T-piece. The pin 110, which forms the locking base of the profile 109, finally remains in the groove 108 of the profile 109. The arm 109a of the profile 109 thus projects towards the interior of the container above the support surface of the plate 60. Both flanges, turned at the corner of the two inverted strips 44 forming the sealing film on the side of the container, are then welded to this protruding part by means of a seam in the image.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 3, each front panel has two grooves 106, and a corresponding parallel groove 107 for each seam covering tongue 86. The sealing film 46 is thus well attached to the insulating layer supporting this film, but can expand freely vertically. All the raised edges of these adjacent invar strips ensure good flexibility of the combination, so this combination can follow all the deformations of the insulating layer caused by the movement of the 13 58555 front panels due to the different large thermal expansions of the concrete sheath 33.

Figures 3 and 14 show openings 112 made in the plywood layer 61 outside the front panels. These openings are made so that when the sealing film 46 breaks, the liquefied gas which comes into contact with the hot plate 60 and evaporates inside the panel 66 can escape through these openings 112. without changing the shape of the discs. Since, on the other hand, the plates are superimposed and the channels 200 are made in the locking strips 101 (Fig. 11), all the front plates of the same vertical row communicate with each other and form a flue allowing gas to flow to the top of the container due to local rupture of the sealing film.

Reference is now made to Figure 16, which illustrates the installation of the tank roof.

After the last vertical enclosures 42 are placed, after each vertical enclosure has been filled, sealed and vibrated with perlite over its entire height, plywood sheets 120 which form the cover of the insulating layer. The tightness between the jacket 33 and the plates 120 is provided by a combination of plastic and metal 121 or the like fitted around the entire container.

At the same time, the sealing film 48 covering the tank roof structure 36 is tightly adhered, at 122, to the plates 120. Bags or sacks filled with glass wool, perlite or some similar insulation 123 are arranged on the plates 120 and the beams 37 of the roof structure 36 to form a good thermal structure for the roof structure. .

In the following, the connection between the sealing membrane on the side of the vertical and the horizontal sealing membrane at the bottom of the container will be explained in particular on the basis of Figs.

The container is constructed in a manner known per se so that the jacket 33 can move radially on the base 31 by means of a sliding joint formed, for example, of steel plates 131, 132 sliding along each other and connected to each other by a deformable movement wave 133. In fact relatively large radial displacements of the sheath 33 occur on the base 31.

14 58555 These displacements are all the greater because the tank is very large in size, and these deformations are quite sensitive to the amount of solar radiation that varies according to the time of day.

As the sheath moves in this way on the base, which movement can be large in the south direction and small in the north direction at a given hour of the day, the insulating layer 41 must follow the sheath as it is attached to it, and this layer must deform accordingly. The same applies to the sealing membrane 46. As a result, considerably large displacements between the lower end of the vertical membrane 46 and the circumference of the sealing membrane 45 occur, since the latter membrane is not subjected to such deformations. The connection between the membranes 46 and 45 is provided by a deformable connection with a movement wave 47.

The convex side of the exercise waves used today is usually directed upwards to reduce heat loss. In this case, this structure is not used because, due to the rather large dimensions of the tank, the movement wave would be in danger of breaking under the effect of the static pressure of the liquefied gas or else it would have to be made too thick. The concave side of this movement wave 47 is thus, according to the invention, directed upwards so that it continuously rests on a correspondingly shaped insulating layer 134. This insulating layer can be made of, for example, relatively rigid bodies 135, 136, e.g. expanded polyvinyl chloride known under the trade name "Klegecell", and relatively softer and more flexible bodies 137, 138 made of rock wool, soft expanded polyurethane or some other suitable material. material.

The other side of the wave 47 (Fig. 17) at the welded extension 47a is fastened with screws 139 'to the bodies 191 attached to the container support structure, while this other side of the wave 47 is fastened with screws 139 to the insulating housings 140, which can slide, as can be clearly seen in Figure 19. radially on top of the other insulating housings 141. To this end, the housings 140 are anchored to the bottom by cryogenic steel ropes 142 fitted to the sides of the housings 140, which prevents the housings 140 from rising upwards but allows these housings to move freely in the radial direction. The lower surface of the housings 140 acts as a sliding surface in contact with the upper surface of the housings 141. The housings 140 and 141 are filled with some suitable thermal insulation, e.g. perlite or rock wool.

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The tightness with respect to the horizontal film 45 is obtained by welding the circumferential edge of this film 45 to the horizontal part 147 of the movement wave 47 above the screws 139. The welding is schematically shown at 144 in Figure 19.

The tightness with respect to the vertical film 46 is achieved by welding the lower edge of this film to the vertical part of the exercise wave 47.

The connection to the housings 39 »forming the insulating layer on the bottom 31 of the container is made by means of panels 145 of wood or plywood, cut to size and pressed on one side to the edge of the housings 39 and on the other side to the notched edge 146 of the upper surface of the housings 140. the notched edge 146 also allows the housings 140 to move radially. to facilitate assembly, the invarial straps 43 may be cut before they reach the portion 147 of the exercise wave 47, and the connecting straps 148 may be cut and dimensioned as needed.

At 150, Figures 17 to 19 schematically show hooks by means of which the housings 140 can be anchored to the bottom of the container by means of ropes 142.

The space between the housings 140, 141 and the housings 39 is filled with more or less deformable and compressible insulating pieces 151 made, for example, of expanded polyvinyl chloride. Paragraphs 151 and. the connection 152 between the housings 150 could be made using a seal made of cellular foam, rock wool or the like. The housings 39 are suitably anchored to the bottom by ropes 252, in particular from their circumference, so that they cannot rise upwards and form a very flat surface during assembly.

To facilitate the manufacture of the exercise wave 47, this wave is made of suitably arranged approximately rectilinear sectors, the horizontal projection of which is a rectangular trapezoid resembling a very large rectangle. The welding lines for these different sectors are indicated in Figure 18 by the number 154.

Reference is now made to Figures 20 and 21, which illustrate an alternative construction using a double sealing film.

16 58555 In these figures, numerals are used to denote similar paragraphs in the previous figures. Thus, Figure 20 shows housings 42 forming a load-bearing insulating layer that abuts the concrete sheath 33 of the tank. based on Figure 3.

According to an alternative structure shown in Figures 20 and 21, two sealing films 160 and 161 are used, which are arranged against the insulating layer 41, between which a thermal insulating layer 162 is arranged, which is mechanically durable and made of cellular glass, e.g. cellular glass known as "foam glass". , or expanded polyvinyl chloride or polyurethane foam.

The construction shown in this figure may be advantageous in that there is a second sealing barrier which, on the one hand, can reduce the importance of the cryogenic properties (especially the amount of additional prestress) of the concrete used to make a durable outer frame, and on the other hand can be formed of non-cryogenic materials such as of ordinary steel, but still maintains a high degree of safety of the whole structural combination.

The fastening is performed, as shown in Fig. 21, in a manner quite similar to that explained in connection with Fig. 15. Instead of metal strips 109 which are locked in grooves 108 made in the plywood layer 61 of the boards 60, longer strips 163 »are now used, which are mounted in a corresponding manner. In the example shown in Fig. 21, the cross section of the strip 163 is L-shaped and is locked by a rectangular strip 164. A T-shaped strip could just as well be used, as in Fig. 15, in which case it is only necessary to ensure that the leg 163a of the strip 163 is long enough so that both barrier-forming films 160, 161 with an insulating layer 162 between them can be attached.

The films 160 and 161 are apparently formed in the same manner as the film 106 by placing adjacent invar strips 44 having 90 ° edges toward the interior of the container welded to a portion 163a of the metal strip 163, as schematically shown at 165. Film 161 17 58555 is formed by placing adjacent invar strips 44 * having 90 ° angled edges welded as schematically shown at 166 to portion 163a of strip 163.

Reference is now made to Fig. 22, which shows an alternative embodiment of a movement wave connecting a vertical sealing membrane covering the bottom of the vertical sealing membrane covering the shell of the container. In Fig. 22, the same reference numerals are used to denote similar parts of Fig. 17.

The main difference between the embodiments shown in Figs. 22 and 21 is that the movement wave 170 connecting the vertical sealing membrane 46 and the horizontal sealing membrane 45 is divided into two half-waves, the concave portions 171-172 of which are turned upwards. Another difference is that in Figure 22 the movement wave is double because it joins two overlapping vertical membranes 160, 161 and two overlapping horizontal membranes 173, 170 of the container, this example corresponding to the case where two overlapping sealing membranes are used. , separated by insulating layers 162 and 175.

The radial displacements of the sealing barrier 46 relative to the sealing barrier 45 can be smoothed in the same way as in Fig. 17 by means of both resiliently deformable half-waves 171-172. The half-wave 171 is formed of two invariant half-waves 176, 177 separated by an insulating layer 178 and welded on one side to the films 160 and 161, respectively, and screwed to the load-bearing insulating structure. At one end, the half-wave 176 is attached to a wood insulating piece 179, e.g., and attached, e.g., in the same manner as the half-wave 47 to the plate 140 (Fig. 19). The body 179 is anchored to the bottom of the container by ropes of cryogenic steel and can slide and move radially along the surface 143 of the plate 141. The half-wave 177 is similarly attached to a wood body 181 resting on the body 179.

Similarly, the half-wave 172 is formed by two invaroid troughs 182, 183 separated by an insulator 184. One side of the trough 182 is attached to the body 179 and the other side to the body 185 anchored to the bottom of the container by a cryogenic steel rope 186 so that the body 185 can slide - S8555 18 on the surface 140 of the box 141. One side of the upper wave 183 is attached to the body 181 and the other side to the body 187 resting on the body 185. Deformations and displacements occur in a manner similar to that described in connection with Fig. 17. At 188, an insulating material, such as a rock wool infill, is shown that fills the void space between the housings 39 and the adjacent housings 141 as well as the pieces 185.

The various sealing brackets have been obtained by welding and covering with invar plates, especially on top of the screw heads, so that the movement side waves can be attached to different pieces. Thus, at 189 and 190, invariant plates welded to adjacent portions 176, 182 and 177, 183 of the two half-waves are shown.

As in Fig. 17, the lower end of the front plates 60 rests on wooden pieces 191, which in turn are rigidly attached to housings 192 which are firmly anchored by bolts 193 to the base 31. The lower end of the plates 60 pressed against the bodies 191 has a sliding surface 194 move as the jacket moves radially on the base.

Reference is now made to Fig. 23, which shows how a tight connection is obtained at the roof in the case of using a double sealing film 160, 161 to form a sealing layer 46 on the side of the container. It is thus noted that the upper ends of the two sealing films are connected to each other by welded seams.

Thanks to this arrangement, once the tank is completely erected, a test showing the overall tightness of both membranes of the tank can be performed by passing a tracer gas between the membranes under a certain pressure and measuring possible losses of this gas after a certain time, e.g. 24 or 48 hours. If the test does not show any leakage, complete tightness of both membranes has been ensured.

The invention is of course not in any way limited to the structures and embodiments described in this illustrative sense, but all corresponding technical solutions of the described means as well as combinations thereof, provided that they are made within the scope of the invention and fall within the scope of the following claims. In particular, the oblique supports 70 can be suitably molded from glass-reinforced plastic 19 58555, which lightens the structure and makes it more industrial. In the same way, the front and / or radial plates can be reinforced with cast glass-fiber-reinforced support structures.

Claims (5)

20 58555 A storage tank (30) for a very low temperature liquefied gas, e.g. liquefied natural gas, which tank can be fixed to the ground or immersed and anchored in the bottom of the continental shelf, and which is of the type with an outer shell formed from the bottom ( 31), a jacket (33) and a dome (34) made of prestressed reinforced concrete or some other suitable mechanically resistant material, such as steel or light metal alloy, a thick thermal insulation layer (41) formed of housings (42) made of wood, plywood or the like, and filled with an insulating material such as expanded foam, perlite, rock wool or the like, the housings (42) being fixed or arranged side by side so as to cover most of the base (31) and the sheath (33) internally, and at least one sealing barrier (45, 46) pressed against said thermal insulation layer (4 1), to which it is attached, which sealing barrier (45, 46) is formed of a thin film of low-temperature-resistant metal with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, e.g. strips (44) of invar or similar material, the flanges of which are directed towards the interior of the container (30) welded at its edges to metal strips (109) attached to said thermal insulation layer (41), characterized in that said side-by-side vertical housings (42) are formed by: a) radial plates (50), optionally partially filled with insulating material, which plates ( 50) is arranged edge-to-edge vertically on top of each other approximately the entire height of the container (30) jacket (33) and is secured to the jacket (33) by bolts (80) and fittings (81) pre-arranged in vertical rows on the inner surface of the container jacket (33), b) front plates (60), possibly partially filled with insulating material, which plates (60) are arranged side by side in such a way that: there is a clearance (68) between them, these plates (60) pressing against the inner ends (59) of said radial plates (50), to which they are locked by locking devices, such as screws (88), screwed into the fastening bolts of said radial plates (50). (87), the threaded arm of which protrudes towards the interior of the container (30) from said radial plates (50), the screws (88) being suitably pressed into locking tongues (86) of plywood or similar material forming seams covering the two on the adjacent edges of an adjacent front plate (60), the edges suitably having lips (69) to which these seam covering tongues (86) fit, the lengths of said radial plates (50) and the front plates (60) being approximately the same, and e.g. 1.8 ... 2 meters to allow easy handling. A container according to claim 1, characterized in that said fastening fittings (81) of the radial plates (50) are pressed on one end by oblique supports (70) arranged at an angle, e.g. approximately horizontal and at an angle of 45 ° to the radial direction, while on the inner surface of said front plates (60) or of the beams supporting them (92) facing the casing (33), support legs (90) are arranged, into which the other ends of said diagonal supports (70) fit, adjusting devices (98, 99, 100) are used to adjust each support leg; with respect to the associated oblique support, and these oblique supports (70) form, in a manner known per se, cross-tendons of said front plates (60) which prevent these front plates from being compressed by the pressure of the liquefied gas in the container (30). Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bars (101) or the like form pins which ensure the vertical joining of the plates (50, 60) and the orientation of the vertical edges of these plates, in which vertical grooves are formed. 1. Behällare (30) för att uptagagra gas i vätskeform vid mycket lag temperatur, säsom i ihtskeform bringad Naturgas, vilken behällare kan fästas pä Marken eller nedsänkas ocer förankras vid kontinentalsockelns botten, och vilken behällare är av en typ som omfattar en yttre a stand made of a bottle with a bottle (31), a jacket (33) and a dome (3 “+) of a solid piece of concrete or a face giving 58555 22 warm mechanical cradle material, a piece of a piece or a source of metal alloy, that tjockt värmeisolationslager (41), som bestär av kassuner (42) av trä, faner eller liknande, som är fyllda med ett isolerings-medel, sasom expanderat skum, Perlit, bergsull eller liknande, vilka kassuner (42) är fast monterade eller anordnade sida in the case of the inner part of the body of the bottle (31) and the piston (33), and of the inner part (45, 46), in which case it is provided with these colors of insulation (41), of the other part (45, 46) bildad av en tunn Folie av en m etall, som är smidig vid lag temperatur, och som har en liten värmeutvidgningskoefficient, vilken spärr är bildad av band (44) av invar eller liknande, vilkas mot det inre av behällaren uppvikta flänsar är svetsade kant vid Metal Band (109) som är fästade vid nämnda värmeisolationslager (41), kännetecknad därav, att nämnda invid varandra anordnade vertikala kasuner (42) är bildade: a) av radiala skivor (50), som eyentuellt är partiellt fyllda med isoleringsmedel, vilka skordor (50) the vertical edge of the upper and the upper part of the upper arm (30) of the mantle (33) and the upper part of the mantle (33) of the bolt (80) and the upper part (81) (b) a frontskivor (60), possibly with the aid of an insulating means, a bright squeegee (60) and anordnade sida vid sida sä, attellan dem quarblir ett spelrum (68), varvid de stöder mot de inre ändorna (59) a in the case of a radial sheave (50), in the case of a radial sheave (50), in the form of a sheave (88), in the form of a sheave (50), and in the wedge of the sheave (50) other means (30) of which a radial splitter (50), a second nut (88) is provided with a stem lighter (86) of a fan or a double gauge, with the same image as the stem element (86) (60), the beam heating means being applied to the urethra (69) for mating the said key element (86), the colors being oblique to said radial scatter (50) and the front fronts (60) being used as a dense element, and t.ex. av storleksordningen 1,8 ... 2 meter, för att möjliggöra en lättare hanterbarhet.