FI116275B - Procedure for dividing a log into wood products processed on all sides - Google Patents

Abstract

The trunk cutting process involves cutting a conical tree trunk with axial grain (37) into wooden items machined on all sides. The wooden items run mainly with the grain and towards the border lines (34) of the tree trunk. The tree trunk is curved in a plane. The items (55, 56) are directed towards the border lines (34, 35) of max. convexity or concavity. The tree trunk may first be planed on two sides to a base plane and then shaped. This base plane may be parallel to the plane of the curvature.

Description

116275

Method for cutting the tree trunk into processed wood products from all sides - Förfarande för delning av en stock i pä. download sidor bearbetade hit 5

The present invention relates to a method for cutting conical and axially disposed wood trunks into treated wood products such as sideboards and main articles, wherein the wood products are produced on two opposed sides of the trunk, substantially parallel to the causes and parallel to the sheath.

A method of the above type is known from DE-OS 42 09 407.

In a method known from DE-PS 31 14 843, a conically shaped wood frame is placed on a horizontally movable conveyor. With the help of cutting tools the wood frame is first smoothed on both sides first. After that, the next job. : He is used to make longitudinal corners with • 1 cutter in the tree trunk. The angle cutters are then movable in height and adjusted so that they run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tree trunk. The plain 25 thus obtained is then cut off with circular saws, while first along

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• the inner sides of the corners are sawn to separate the surface boards from the main product.

I '.1 This and other known profiling methods have drawbacks; : 30 as if it were simply made along the longitudinal axis of the tree trunk. Because of the conicity of the wood frame, it must therefore be planed * <1 with its circumference and increasing cutting depth in the direction of the thicker frame end. It is also known for very tall ones. : and with heavily conical trunks, first in the region of the thicker 35 end of the trunk, saw axially in the perimeter of the trunk, so that all the wood to be removed is not cut but at least shorter boards are made.

116275 2 DE utility model 9107371U relates to a so-called. manufacturing cavity beams, which are assembled from four elongated wood profiles with their untreated bark surface facing inward, leaving a hole of unspecified cross-section along the center axis of the assembled beam. This is illustrated in Figure IV.

For some embodiments, the reference also explores the fiber directional sawing of wood profiles on opposite sides of the original 10 conical frame (Figures VIII-XI and explanation starting from the last paragraph of page 4 to the second paragraph of page 5). However, the wood profiles 18 produced in this way do not extend to the midline of the thinner end of the trunk, so that the wedge-shaped center piece does not appear to be triangular (see fig.

15 of our application in Fig. 5B) but in a trapezoidal form (see Ref. 16 in the lower part of Fig. VIII and the middle part of Fig. IX). This differs from the feature "... up to the center line (36) of the tree trunk (30) ..." in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Thus, these known methods have the common disadvantage. *: Lena that only the remaining wood is in the middle of the tree trunk.

, v However, it is known, on the other hand, that the wood in the middle of the tree trunk is of the highest quality from the worst quality; 25 trees in the perimeter area. Therefore, known methods j. when used, from time to time, when cutting alone, it is necessary to cut an area out of its center, which is only • * · usable for purposes in which the wood quality requirements are. . small or otherwise taken care of.

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*; · 'The above disadvantages become even more aggravating if the trunks of wood which, in addition to their conicity, are still curved. Usually the curvature or jogging is then in the main plane. In such tree trunks, it is known to saw the tree trunk on one side or on both sides so that the tree trunk, which is vertically plane, can then be processed in the sawing device. This takes advantage of the fact that the curved wood frame can be disposed at least in planes parallel to the plane of the curve, with existing vertical saws, i.e., can be machined in existing sawing machines.

5 However, if this is the case, the plain will then be in the tree trunk so that axially passing causes pass through the plain. Therefore, the surface alone cuts the arcuate causes over large areas to form wood products with lower strength.

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From the previously mentioned DE-OS 42 09 407, a method for sawing logs is known. In the known method, two band saws are used for cutting the log, which are fed symmetrically through the log symmetrically about the center line of the log. The peculiarity here is that the band saws are adjustable in a transverse direction to the center line by means of a computer controlled device. In this way, cuts that are not parallel to the centerline can be made. In the known method, for example, it is possible to burn a 20-Telia cylindrical, yet curved, tree trunk so that the sawing line follows the curved centerline of the tree trunk. The boards made in this case are to some extent »· V ,! curves, however, this curve shape can be corrected for subsequent drying by simultaneous compression. The method known in the art can also be used conically. j. overgrown tree trunks. According to this it is necessary to saw several parallel boards from two opposite sides of the tree trunk as well as from the center t of the tree trunk, whereby the board is cut. , dat run along the trunk of the tree trunk by half a cone angle v; / 30 obliquely to the boards that are sawn in the middle of the tree trunk * * * * *. From the center of the logs sawn boards and the sheathing:: the line between the sawn boards is then extended, »* · ·, ie. wedge-shaped trees. According to the known method, these oblique surfaces facing the mantle line must be superimposed and glued to each other so that, overall, a straight wood product is formed.

116275 4 However, the method known from DE-OS 42 09 407 has a major drawback when it comes to cutting conical wood trunks. Since boards according to the known method are also sawn in the middle of the tree trunk, even 5 wide boards, it utilizes the part of the tree trunk with the worst quality of wood. In contrast, the tapered parts close to the envelope of the tree trunk are forced by gluing to thicker wood products, although higher quality wood is available and relatively thin wood products could be manufactured.

Further, WO 92/22402 discloses a method for cutting wood trunks. This known method has to do with the problem of curved tree trunks. According to this known method, curved tree trunks must be chopped so that they are first flattened laterally in planes parallel to the plane of curvature. In the transition area, both sides of the screed will then have to cut corners in the axial direction in a manner known per se, to subsequently separate the side boards, either parallel to or perpendicular to the curvature plane. In this case, the control of the angle cutter must follow the natural curvature of the tree trunk. If the side boards are separated: parallel to the plane of curvature, i.e.. parallel to the smoothed surfaces, straight sawing is necessary.

; If, on the other hand, the side boards are sawn perpendicular to the curvature plane, then the sawmills used for that purpose must also follow the natural curvature of the tree trunk and form slightly curved boards that require finishing.

On the other hand, the object of the invention is to develop a method of the aforesaid type in order to obtain wood products with paralyzed wood trunks, whereby the causes must travel as parallel as possible to the longitudinal direction of the finished wood product. h with.

35 This problem is solved in a method of the aforementioned type by making the wood products from the thinner end of the tree trunk to the center line of the tree trunk so that after the manufacture of the wood product 116275 5 a wedge-shaped residue remains around the center line.

The task underlying the invention is thus completely solved.

Namely, the method underlying the invention departs in principle from existing cutting methods, in particular from the method of profiling of tree trunks. In the current methods 10, it was taken for granted that the simple, i. is a one-piece product located in the center of the tree trunk. In principle, the method according to the invention departs from this idea because, according to the method according to the invention, all manufactured wood products 15 are manufactured oriented in relation to the envelope line of the wood frame.

In this way, as is known per se from DE-OS 42 09 407, an optimum area of the tree trunk is utilized, namely the area of the tree surrounding the tree trunk. Due to the fact that the wood products are made at the thinnest end of the tree trunk from the circumference of the tree trunk to the center line of the tree trunk, the residual tree due to the conicity of the tree trunk is located in the middle of the tree trunk.

:; ; Residual wood thus obtained can then be processed into the poorest quality wood products, or be chopped or otherwise treated.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the tree trunk is in one plane curved, and the wood products,, are manufactured in a direction parallel to the envelope of maximum convexity or concavity;

This measure has the advantage that ordinary types. ". Of these curved tree trunks are made into wood products having a structure in which the causes are substantially parallel. '· 1 · 1 35 Since wood products are made into the envelope of maximum curvature" parallel to one another, and in such tree trunks the curvature is generally limited to one level, the tree trunks can be extensively treated in existing plants.

To this end, according to a preferred further development of the exemplary embodiment, the tree trunk is first smoothed bilaterally parallel to the reference plane and profiled sit-5.

This measure has the advantage that otherwise known profiling methods can be used to maximize wood yield.

It is further advantageous in the invention if the reference plane is parallel to the curvature plane.

This measure also has the advantage that existing plants can be used extensively to chop the tree trunk.

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In a further advantageous development of the invention, before making the wood product, the siding is first made with a sidewall which is parallel to the line of the highest elevation on the plane surface of the alignment in the tree trunk.

20 The advantage of this measure is that by-products are made of * * ·. '··, for example, the highest quality board, whereby these boards: are at a sharp angle to each other due to the conicity of the tree trunk.

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Further advantages will be apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

It is understood that the foregoing and further explained below. These characteristics, not only in the combinations presented herein, but also in other combinations or individually, are applicable without departing from the scope of the present invention; : '.

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An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawings and '··· 35 will be explained in more detail in the following description. In the drawings:

Figures 1A-1B show a side view and a top view (not to scale) of a conical and curved tree trunk and a plain made of a tree trunk 116275 7, labeled as chopped main and side product, according to the prior art;

Figures 2A-2D are, like Figures 1A-1B, an illustration for explaining a first step of an embodiment of the method according to the invention;

Figures 3A-3D, like Figures 2A-2D, show the next step of the process; 10

Figures 4A-4D show, like Figures 2A-2D, an additional step of the method;

Figures 5A-5D illustrate, like Figures 2A-2D, a further step in the process.

In the prior art shown in Figures 1A and 1B, there are 10 tree trunks whose conicity and curvature are shown to be strongly interlocked for greater clarity. The wood frame 10 has a thin end 11 and a thick end 12. The sheath surface 13 between them is wedge-shaped.

The conicity of the wood frame 10 can be seen in the top view of Fig. 1B. 14 shows a convex envelope line and 15 shows a concave envelope line, whereby the envelope lines ·· 14, 15 each represent the area of maximum convexity or curvature. The center line 16 of the wood frame 10 is also curved in the representation of Figure IB.

30 17 shows the causes of the tree trunk 10. These reasons 17 pass *; substantially parallel to the centerline 16, they: however, have a smaller radius of curvature in the region of the concave mantle line 15 than the region of the convex mantle line 14, d1 and d2 being further indicated in FIG.

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35 thicknesses increase from thin end 11 to thick end 12.

Finally, in Fig. 1A, the plane in which the tree trunk 10 is curved is marked with »18. Since the tree trunk 10 is a curve only 116275 8 in this one plane 18, the centerline 16 is shown in FIG. 1A as a straight line.

Fig. 1A is further illustrated with a plain or pawl-5 leveling guide. 20 denotes the so-called main product, namely, in the example shown, two massive edges, while 21 denotes the so-called by-products, which in the exemplary embodiment have four side boards.

10 The remaining end region 22, which naturally increases in thickness to the thick end 12 of the tree trunk 10, is cut in current methods or processed into so-called haberdashery, i. short boards.

Since, as previously discussed, by the present methods, the mere stock consisting of the main articles 20 and the by-products 21 sits at the center of the tree trunk 10, its position is determined by the tree trunk 10 as shown in dotted lines in FIG. It can be clearly seen that the outline of the main stock 20 marked with dotted lines cuts the causes 17 over large areas so that especially the corners of the main product 20 have axial ends. '· * Low severity since both the forehead region and coming out of it.

Figure 25 further shows clearly that the main product 20 consists largely of wood in the middle of the tree trunk 10, while wood more valuable in itself in the area of the sheath surface 13 is left unused and, for example, chipped.

From this point of view, the method of the invention must provide an improvement.

Figures 2A-2D illustrate the first step of the process of the invention. Thus, there is again seen a tree body 30 having a thin end 31 and a thick end 32, wherein the sheath surface of the tree body 30 is re-labeled 33. The convex mantle line 34 and the concave mantle line 35 again denote the area of maximum convexity or concavity on the curved centerline 36 on either side of 9116275. Causes 37 also here run parallel to centerline 36. Also, the tree trunk 30 is a curve in only one plane 38. Insofar as the conditions are identical to those shown in Figures IA and IB.

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According to the method according to the invention, the boards 41 which are above or below the plane 38 and which run parallel to the mantle line of the mantle surface 33 are first separated. For this purpose, it is necessary to perform an oblique sawing, since the boards 10 41 run obliquely with respect to the center line 36 in the half-cone angle of the wood frame 30. The boards 41 in the first variant of the invention can be sawn immediately from the tree trunk 30 while the corresponding oblique sawing is performed. Alternatively, first, 40a alone may also be sawed with two parallel saws as indicated by two planar surfaces 42 in Figure 2A. The planar surfaces 42 are then parallel to the curvature of the plane 38. The separated sides of the tree body 30 can then be further processed in a separate saw device to separate the boards 41.

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However, as clearly shown in Figure 2A, the boards 41 are then not optimally oriented in the direction of the causes 37. However, tables 41 consist of high quality: ·; wood as they are sawn from the area 33 of the sheath surface.

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In the representation of Figs. 3A-3D, 40b alone is not only, as already explained, duplexed at 42, it is also seen that there is a white in the region of the concave sheath line 35. split edge 43, because the opposite edge of the opposite convex sheath line 34 30 was already planed, as on the other planar surface; * '45 is marked. A second planar surface 45 was fabricated while: a suitable cutting tool was introduced along the curve of the wood frame 30; first surface 44.

35 Angle mills known per se made angles 50 or sheaths 50 or 34 parallel to sheath lines 34 or 35, over the entire axial length of 40b alone.

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4A-4D it can be seen that 40c alone is cut in the first step while first cutting the first side board 55 with a convex sheath line 34 along second surface 51, while along the third surface 52 the first main product 56 is separated from 40c alone. In this case the saws will not run straight.

The curved surfaces 51 and 52 then have a constant distance from each other, as the constant thickness D of the first main article 56 is indicated in Fig. 4B.

It can still be seen from Figure 4B that the causes 37 are parallel to the first side board 55 or the first main article 56.

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Similarly, as shown in Figs. 5A-5D, the remaining sole 40d is sliced while the second main article 60 as well as the second side board 61 is produced along the fourth surface 58 as well as the fifth surface 59 in the region of the concave envelope line 35. , 59 is a constant distance from each other and parallel to • f the concave envelope line 35.

• · *; The sideboards 55 and 61 as well as the main boards 56 and 60 have *. In this case, preferably, but not necessarily, the same cross-sectional shape, they have only a slightly different radius of curvature as well as slightly different lengths.

. . These curved wood products 55, 56, 60, and 61 are straightened thereafter and dried at this time or later.

Fig. 5B further shows very clearly that only the wedge-shaped residual body 65 of 40d, which is derived from the conical shape of the wood frame 30, remains. Residue 35 piece 65 is located in the tree trunk 30 around centerline 36, i.e. in the region of the worst quality wood.

116275 11

All in all, therefore, it will be clearly seen that the process of the invention produces wood products 55, 56, 60, 61 which are practically completely parallel to the causes and, on the other hand, are taken from the edge region 30 of the log 5. Therefore, wood products made according to the inventive method are systematically of a higher quality in two respects than wood products made according to the state of the art described previously.

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Claims (5)

A method of dividing a cone-shaped and axial fiber (37) log (30) into all wood processed products such as side boards and main product (55, 56, 60, 61) at which the wood products (55, 56, 60, 61) on opposite sides of the log (30) are made substantially rectilinear relative to the fibers (37) and rectified relative to the mandrel lines (34, 35) on the sides of the log (30), characterized in that the wood products (55, 56, 60, 61) are produced at the narrower end of the log 10 (30) to the center line (36) of the log (30) in such a way that after the production of the wood products (55, 56, 60, 61) a wedge-shaped residue (65) remains around the center line ( 36). 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the log (30) is curved in a tab (38) and that the wooden products (55, 56, 60, 61) are made rectilinear relative to the mantle lines (34, 35) of maximum convexity, respectively. concavity. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the log (30) is first flattened (42) on two sides in parallel * 20 with a reference plane and then profiled. »» I ,; Method according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that in the reference plane lies parallel to the plane (38) for the curvature. * Method according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that prior to the counting of the wood products (55, 56, 60, 61); in the planing first, a lateral product (41) is produced, which is perpendicular to the line of the highest deflection in excess of the planar side (42) produced in the planing in the log (30).