FI106106B - The chipping tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The hacking blades (21) are arranged along the surface (41) on several spirals concentric to the axis (17) of the chipping tool (10) and comprises a primary cutter (50) and a secondary cutter (51). The primary cutter lies in a radial plane (52) to the axis and the secondary cutter in a plane (53) inclined to the radial plane. The primary cutter is adjusted at a first acute angle in relation to a vertical to the cutting direction (54). This acute angle is pref. between 30 and 35 deg. The secondary cutter is set at a second acute angle to the vertical, which is pref. between 10 and 20 deg. The primary cutter forms an edge of a first roof incline of the hacking blade, which is located in the radial plane.

Description

CUTTING TOOL 106106

The present invention relates to a cutting tool, in particular 5, for machining of tree trunks, the tool having a conical support portion having a surface provided with a chopping blade, wherein the chopping blades are disposed along a plurality of spirals concentric with the axis of the tool and having main and lateral edges in the radial-10 plane relative to the axis and the lateral edges in the oblique plane relative to the radial plane and movable in the cutting direction.

A cutting tool of the above type is known from DE-PS 31 14 332.

15

A known cutting tool is a so-called profile cutting tool, as it is used to laterally smooth out untreated trunks of wood. The known profile cutting tool has a rotary tool head with a rotary blade 20 which is provided with a saw blade. The saw blade has edges that protrude from the conical surface of the tool to obtain chips from a tree trunk or round timber and to work its sides. Further, this known profile-cutting tool is provided with a circular saw blade 25 disposed coaxially with the axis towards the round timber of the tool head. With a circular saw blade. machining the side surfaces of round timber.

A well-known profile cutting tool uses a chopping blade to cut chips-30 from the side areas of a tree trunk or round timber, while a saw blade placed on the front face of the tool finely-machines smoothed sides.

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In a known tool, the logging blades and their leading edges are directed perpendicular to the cutting direction. The leading edges detach the chips along their wide sides from the round timber treated wood, while the lateral edges separate the treated chips laterally.

2 106106

It has been shown that in many applications the surface quality achieved in this way is not yet sufficient.

Another profile cutting tool of the type mentioned above is known from DE-PS 30 45 107. In this known tool, instead of a circular saw blade, the front face of the tool has a saw ring that partially overlaps with the inside saw blade. Thereby, no improvement is achieved with respect to the attainable surface quality of the treated wood compared to the previously described tool of DE-PS 31 14 332.

Finally, DE-OS 24 00 810 is also known as a working tool carrier for a saw blade, which likewise has a conical surface. On the conical surface 15 saddles have been milled along a spiral line to which the blades can be attached. The cutting blades are partially over the circumference of the conical bracket and are inclined in the circumferential direction of the tool.

Thus, in this known tool, the main edge is in the axial direction so that there is a risk that arcuate grooves will be formed on the treated surface of the round timber.

The object of the invention is to develop a cutting tool of the type mentioned above so that the surface of the treated round timber becomes even better.

According to the invention, this object is solved by placing the leading edge at a first, sharp angle, perpendicular to the cutting direction.

The object underlying the invention is thus completely solved, since in said edge geometry all the rs of the tree. : Causes are encountered in oblique surgery and cut in an oblique direction. In this case, the side before the main edge acts as a stop or press bar. This prevents the subsequent edge portion 35 from pulling the fibers from the closed material. The upstream part of the leading edge further ensures that the lifted chip is rotated more strongly in the downstream corner of the leading edge of the edge than in the upstream corner. In this way, the change of direction forms a chip rotated about its longitudinal axis, which only creates small chunks in the wood.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first 5 angle is between 10® and 40®, preferably between 30® and 35®.

This dimensioning has proven to be practically optimal for ordinary trees.

10

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the lateral edge is disposed at a pre-perpendicular angle to another.

In this way, the advantages already described in connection with the leading edge are also achieved in the cutting edge of the lateral edge.

Here, it is preferable that the second angle is between 0® and 30®, preferably between 10® and 20®.

20

These values have also been found to be optimal in practical experiments with ordinary trees.

In the exemplary embodiments of the invention, the leading edge forms the edge of the first roof bevel of the felling blade, the roof bevel being in a radial plane.

This operation has the advantage of providing a tool that is stable in itself, whereby friction losses and thus westward development can be kept to a minimum because the smooth first roof bevel is continuously maintained as the tool rotates at a distance from the wood as the main edge moves along the curved surface.

Similarly, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sidewall forms the edge of a second roof bevel of the saw blade which is inclined at an inclined plane.

4, 106106

In both of the above embodiments, it is further preferred that the felling blade comprises a flange on which the roof bevels are formed in one piece.

5 The advantage of this procedure is that it produces a particularly stable tool which in practice does not deform.

This is especially true when the roof bevels are formed on the projection of the flange.

10 The advantage of this measure is that, on the one hand, there is a smoother flange area for attaching the blade, on the other hand, a mechanically high-loaded part of the blade can be manufactured to a similarly compact size.

15

A particularly good effect is obtained by the invention in that the radial plane forms a third angle with the oblique plane between 110 ° and 140 °, preferably between 125 ° and 135 °.

20

These values have also been found to be optimal in practical experiments with ordinary trees.

Finally, further embodiments of the invention are preferred in which the cutting blades are disposed in the supporting member at oblique mounting surfaces disposed at a fourth sharp angle between 30 ° and 50 °, preferably between 35 ° and 45 °, relative to the radial plane. between.

50 This operation has the advantage that the force transfer from the edges to the bearing member can be optimized because the edges are: placed on the chopping blade and on the other hand the chopping blades are disposed via slanting attachment surfaces on the supporting member and thus substantially compressive stresses.

Further advantages will be apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

, 106106

It will be appreciated that the foregoing and to be further described features will be available not only in the present combination, but also in other combinations or in the individual setting without departing from the scope of the present invention.

5 years

The drawings show one embodiment of your invention and will be explained in more detail in the following description. In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a plan view of a pairwise embodiment of a cutting tool according to the invention, adhered to a tree trunk;

Figure 2 is a partially cut away side view of the cutting tool of Figure 1;

Fig. 2a shows a detail of Fig. 2, rotated 90 ° along line III-III in Fig. 2; Fig. 3 is an enlarged scale side view, such as Fig. 2a, of a saw blade as used in an example embodiment of a cutting tool according to the invention; Figure 4 shows the logging blade of Figure 3, however, in front view;

Fig. 4a is a view, like Fig. 4, partly in section, rotated about a minor axis in the plane of the drawing 30, taken along section IVa-IVa of Fig. 3; Figure 5 is a top view of the cutting blade of Figure 3; Fig. 6 is an enlarged, perspective view of the saw blade according to Figs. 3-5, a front view; 6 106106

Fig. 7 shows a view, like Fig. 6, however, in a rear view.

Figures 10 as a whole denotes a cutting tool as it is preferably used for machining round timber, in particular wood trunks.

Figure 1 shows a cutting tool 10 in a pair arrangement 10, 10 ', wherein the cutting tools 10, 10' are in contact with opposite sides of the wood frame 11. The trunk 11 is fed in this case 10 with respect to the direction of the arrow 12 fixedly mounted on the stock removal tools 10, 10 '.

The cutting tools 10, 10 'are rotated about a common axis 17. For this purpose, they are provided with respective shafts 15 to 15, which is used in the direction of the arrow 16.

The outer sides of the cutting tools 10 are provided with substantially conical surfaces. These surfaces have spirals 20 provided with a chopping blade 21. In this case, as is known per se, a plurality of spiral paths, for example three spiral paths, may be provided.

The cutting surface of the cutting tools 10, 10 'is provided with a circular blade 22 for machining the sides 30, 30' of the wood frame 11 to the greatest possible extent.

Figure 2 shows further details of the cutting tool 10.

The outwardly facing side 3C of the inner conical support member 40 has a conical surface 41. The face 41 has concave fastening openings 42 in which the cutting blades 21 are disposed. To this end, the fastening openings 42 are provided with oblique mounting surfaces 43.

2a, as also particularly seen in Figures 2a, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6 and 7, each logging blade 21 comprises a flange 45 having a flat portion formed as a U-shaped portion having two flanks 46 and a notch 47 therebetween.

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The fastening parts 48, such as pins, screws and the like, allow the cutting blades 21 to be firmly attached to the oblique 'mounting surfaces 43 in the fastening openings 42.

5 Each cutting blade 21 is provided with a leading edge 50 and a side edge 51. From Figure 2, it appears that the leading edges 50 are in a radial plane 52 relative to the axis 17 of the cutting tool 10. In contrast, the side edges 51 are inclined with respect to the radial plane 52 in the plane 53. The arrows 54 indicate the cutting directions of the cutting blade 21 in Figures 2a, 4a and 10. 55 in Fig. 4a marks the perpendicular to the cutting direction 54.

3-7, the flange 45 of each cutter blade 21 has a front side 60 and a back side 61. The upper side 45 of the flange 15 is integrally formed with a first roof bevel 62 and a second roof bevel 63. Edge 64 forms a first bevel 62 and flange 45 transition. The second edge 65 forms an overpass between the second roof bevel 63 and the front side 60. The third edge 66, on the other hand, forms an overpass between the roof bevels 62 and 63.

As can be clearly seen in Figures 3, 6 and 7, the roof bevels 62, 63 are in the thickened region of the flange 45 formed by the projection 67 of the backside 61.

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The cutting blades 21, as already mentioned, are inclined by attaching them to the inclined mounting surfaces 43 of the support member 40, as is particularly evident from Fig. 2a. The resulting angle of inclination δ with respect to the radial plane 52 is between 30 ° and 50 °, preferably between 35 ° and 45 °.

Since the first roof chamfer 62 forms the same angle δ with the front side 60 as can be seen in Figure 3, the first roof chamfer 62 in the mounted state of the saw blade 21 is exactly in the radial plane 52 as shown in Figure 2a.

The main edge 50 is positioned at an angle α a prior to the cutting direction.

106106 8 This can already be seen in Figure 4, however, in the front view shown therein, the first roof chamfer 62 is rotated downwardly with respect to the plane of the drawing so that the main edge 50 in Figure 4 passes more smoothly than 5 corresponding to its inclination inside radial plane 52 .

Fig. 4a therefore shows the top of the logger blade 21 of Fig. 4 in the image rotated δ in the plane of the drawing, so that in the representation of Fig. 4a the first roof bevel 62 is exactly in the plane of the drawing. This state is illustrated in Figure 3 by Figure IVa-IVa.

4a thus shows a sharp angle α in which the main edge 15 is pre-positioned perpendicular to the cutting direction 54 with respect to 55. The angle α is between 10 ° and 40 °, preferably between 30 ° and 35 °.

Furthermore, it can be seen from Fig. 4a that the lateral edge 51 is also pre-positioned at an acute angle β with respect to the perpendicular 55 of the cutting direction 54. In Fig. 4a, the angle is denoted β ', because in Fig. 4a the second roof chamfer 63 is again rotated with respect to the plane of the drawing, so that the angle β7 does not coincide with the actual angle β. The angle β according to the invention is between 25 ° and 30 °, preferably between 10 ° and 20 °.

Figures 4a and 6 also indicate the angle γ formed by the roof bevels 62, 63. Since the pre-3C of Figures 4a and 6 are not in the direction of the third edge 66, the angle is denoted γ 'because it does not exactly correspond to the geometric value γ.

According to the invention, the angle γ is between 110 ° and 140 ° η, preferably between 125 ° and 135 °.

When the saw blade 21 is used in the cutting tool 10, the leading edge 50 and the lateral edge 51 are moved upwardly through the wood in the representation 35 9 106106 in Fig. 4a. Wood feed direction is then in the direction of arrow 12 from right to left.

The wood grain is caught at a sharp angle due to the preceding arrangement 5 of the main edge 50 and is cut from left to right.

In Fig. 4a, the left side of the main edge 50 then acts as a stop or a press bar. This prevents the right side of the main edge 50 from screening the scraping right side to pull the fibers from the solid.

The structure-dependent reinforcement of the left prominent leading edge 50 further ensures that the chip to be cut is guided more strongly at the right angle of the leading edge 50 than the left. 15 In this way, the change of direction produces a chip rotated about its longitudinal axis, which causes only small splits in the wood.

Claims (10)

10 106106 A cutting tool having a conical support member (40) having a surface (41) provided with a cutting blade (21), wherein the cutting blades (21) are disposed on the surface (41) along a plurality of axes (17) of the tool (10). concentric spirals (20) and having a leading edge (50) and a lateral edge (51), and wherein the main edges (50) are in the radial plane (52) with respect to the axis (17) and the lateral edges (51) with the radial plane (52) oblique plane (53) and displaceable in the cutting direction (54), characterized in that the main edge (50) is positioned before the first sharp angle (a) perpendicular (55) to the cutting direction (54). A cutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the first angle (a) is between 10 ° and 40 °, preferably between 30 ° and 35 °. A cutting tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lateral edge (51) is disposed at a second acute angle (β) perpendicular to the former (55). A cutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the second angle (β) is between 0 ° and 30 °, preferably between 10 ° and 20 °. Cutting tool according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the leading edge (50) forms the edge of the first roof bevel (62) of the cutting blade (21), the roof bevel being in the radial plane (52). Cutting tool according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lateral edge (51) forms the edge of the second roofing chamfer (63) of the logging blade (21), which 35 is inclined in a plane (53). 11 106106 A cutting tool according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the saw blade (21) comprises a flange (45) in which the roof bevels (62, 63) are formed in one piece. A cutting tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the roof bevels (62, 63) are formed in the projection (67) of the flange (45). The cutting tool 10 according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the radial plane (52) forms a third angle (γ) with the oblique plane (53) between 110 ° and 140 °, preferably 125 °. ° to 135®. Cutting tool according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the logging blades (21) are disposed in the support member (40) at oblique mounting surfaces (43) disposed at a fourth sharp angle (δ) to the radial plane (52). 30 ° to 50 °, preferably 20 ° to 35 ° and 45 °. 12 106106