ES2680912B1 - Fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings and enclosures - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

Fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings and enclosures.

Field of the invention

In extinguishing fires in homes, premises, warehouses and enclosures.

Objective of the invention and advantages

Perform extinction by adding incombustible gases that suffocate fires quickly and efficiently.

State of the art

Existing extinguishing systems are expensive, slow or ineffective. The present invention solves said problem by effecting extinction when performed in closed premises.

Problem to solve

Fires are difficult to extinguish or the shutdown is carried out slowly in buildings, commercial premises, warehouses, factories and other enclosures.

In the future and except for some special cases, only the word buildings will be used to define these, the commercial premises, factories and enclosures.

Description of the invention

The fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings of the invention is carried out with three extinction methods using: a) The extinguishing fluid stored in bottles in the buildings themselves, distributing it with the corresponding installation to the different floors of the same. , b) Insuflating the extinguishing fluid to the different floors of the buildings, and selectively, by means of a vehicle that transports it and connects it to the installation of the corresponding plants of the same and c) Introducing the extinguishing fluid through the different windows of the the buildings by means of a raised hose and directed to them.

Nitrogen can be applied, or air to which the oxygen has been eliminated by combustion with waste materials or industrial waste, vegetables, shrubs, agricultural residues and other weeds in the field. With this, the gas obtained results from a very low cost, only the expense produced when compressing said gas in bottles. It must be filtered out of solid particles. Gases produced by the combustion of alcohol, hydrogen or natural gas can also be compressed. Supplying it in bottles, tanks or producing said gases with the appropriate vehicles with burners in the place of the fire. The temperature can be reduced by mixing with other liquefied gases, with a heat exchanger or with a large fan.

The bottles carry as gases or compressed extinguishing fluid:

- Burned alcohol (C02 Water vapor). The latter can be eliminated.

- Gases produced by the combustion of all types of cellulose from bushes and agricultural and industrial wastes (these gases are rich in N2 and CO2).

- N2

- CO2

The extinguishing vehicles of the buildings, can produce the gas in situ or they can carry the products of combustion bottled with the air of the following fuels: - Alcohol

- H2

- Natural gas.

Natural gas produces much less toxic components of CO2, NO, NO2 and SO2 than the rest of the higher density hydrocarbons. These and especially CO2, are the elements that most intervene in acid rain. Natural gas, like any other fuel, produces CO2; However, due to the high hydrogen-carbon content of its molecules, its emissions are 40-50% lower than those of coal and 25-30% lower than those of fuel oil.

The building can store the bottles with low-cost extinguishing products, or they have an installation through which they are distributed to the different plants or places involved.

The system can use a light hose of weight, which with the pressure of the extinguishing gas supplied by the vehicle and a remote control, rises straight by means of gyroscopes that it carries in the head or exit nozzle that stabilizes it and directs it to a window of the building which hits and breaks the glass to introduce and discharge the extinguishing product.

In all cases, it is advisable to use the rooms or watertight safety chambers as a refuge while suffocating or extinguishing the fire, or using masks that communicate with the exterior of the building and facilitate breathing with fresh air from the outside. Compressed air bottles can be used during the emergency.

An acoustic and light warning system warns occupants especially of smoke or fire, as well as the dangerous use of unbreathable gases. They can not be downloaded if the staff has not vacated the building or if they are not using the shelters or masks properly.

It is especially useful in shops, stores, warehouses, etc., at night or in the hours when they are closed, where only watchmen or guards can be found.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a schematic and perspective view of a building with the system of the invention.

Figure 2 shows a schematic and perspective view of a building with an application variant of the extinguishing system.

Figure 3 shows a schematic and perspective view of a building with an application variant of the extinguishing system.

Figure 4 shows a schematic and perspective view of a building with a breathing system.

Figure 5 shows a schematic and partial view of a building with a breathing system.

MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows a group of pressurized gas extinguisher bottles (1) and the distribution system (2) to the different floors of the building (10).

Figure 2 shows a group of tanks or vehicles supplying the extinguishing gas (3), the pipe or hose (4) for application to the building (10) and the distribution installation (2) to the different floors of the same.

Figure 3 shows an extinguishing vehicle (3) that uses a light weight hose, which with the pressure of the extinguishing gas supplied by the vehicle, rises straight and by means of gyroscopes that it carries in the head or exhaust nozzle, it acts on valves that direct three or more jets of gas downwards and controls them by stabilizing said nozzle or head of the hose and directs it controlled from the ground with a remote control to a window of the building. With which the glass is hit and broken to introduce and discharge the extinguishing product. The air jets are the same, except when an inclination occurs in which case it is detected by the gyroscopes and sends signals to the valves which vary the air flow for correction to occur. This is also achieved by sending signals with the remote control.

Figure 4 shows a building (10) in which there are in each of the floors one or more rooms or watertight safety chambers (8, 8a) that can be used as a shelter in case of smoke, fire or fire. These can carry ducts that connect to the outside of the building to provide decontaminated air, and even apply masks as in figure (5). They can also be coupled to an installation similar to that of Figure 2, by which in this case air would be applied without contamination.

Figure 5 shows a user using a mask (9), whose duct (9a) comes out of the building (10) through the wall or a window. At the end it carries a filter (9b).

Claims (14)

1. Fire extinguishing system in all types of buildings and enclosures, using low-cost extinguishing gases supplied in bottles or vehicles, comprising: • Some bottles of compressed extinguishing gas, stored in the buildings themselves, distributing it with the corresponding installation in the different floors of the same. • Cisterns or extinguishing vehicles that carry the extinguishing gas in bottles and apply it to the different floors of a building with the corresponding installation. • Extinguishing vehicles that produce the extinguishing gas with burners and apply it to the different floors of a building with the corresponding installation. • An extinguishing vehicle that uses a light weight hose, which with the pressure of the extinguishing gas supplied by the vehicle and a remote control rises straight and goes to the desired place. • Protection media or cameras in buildings during fires. • A means of breathing inside buildings. • Light and acoustic warning systems. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed gas consists of atmospheric air that has been eliminated oxygen by combustion with waste materials or industrial waste, shrubs, agricultural residues and other weeds in the field. 3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed gas is obtained by burning alcohol. 4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed gas is obtained by burning all types of cellulose, bushes and agricultural and industrial waste. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed gas is N2. 6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed gas is CO2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing vehicles that produce in situ the extinguishing gas use alcohol in the combustion. 8. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing vehicles that produce in situ the extinguishing gas use H2 in the combustion. 9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing vehicles that produce in situ the extinguishing gas use natural gas in combustion. 10. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing vehicle uses a light hose of weight, which with the pressure of the extinguishing gas supplied by the vehicle and a remote control rises straight and goes to the desired place, stabilized by means of gyroscopes that port on the head or outlet nozzle is operated on valves that direct three or more jets of gas down and controls them by stabilizing the nozzle or head of the hose and directs controlled from ground with the remote control to a window of the building. 11. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the protection chambers consist of watertight rooms in buildings protected from fire and smoke and with breathing means. 12. System according to claim 1 and 11, characterized in that the breathing systems the protection chambers consist of compressed air bottles. 13. System according to claim 1 and 11, characterized in that the breathing systems the protection chambers consist of masks that communicate the camera or the building with the outside by means of a tube. 14. Procedure for extinguishing fires in all types of buildings and enclosures, consisting of using a light weight hose, which with the pressure of the extinguishing gas supplied by the vehicle and a remote control rises straight and goes to the desired place , by means of gyroscopes that it carries in the head or outlet nozzle, valves are operated that direct three or more jets of gas downwards and control them by stabilizing the nozzle or head of the hose and directing it controlled from the ground with a remote control to a window of the building, which hits and breaks the glass to enter and discharge the extinguishing product, the gas jets are equal, except when there is an inclination in which case it is detected by the gyroscopes and sends signals to the valves which vary the air flow for correction to occur.