ES2672256A1 - Tower construction procedure (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Tower construction procedure (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
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- ES2672256A1 ES2672256A1 ES201830107A ES201830107A ES2672256A1 ES 2672256 A1 ES2672256 A1 ES 2672256A1 ES 201830107 A ES201830107 A ES 201830107A ES 201830107 A ES201830107 A ES 201830107A ES 2672256 A1 ES2672256 A1 ES 2672256A1
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- Prior art keywords
- profiles
- tower
- uprights
- foundations
- additional
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
- E04H12/04—Structures made of specified materials of wood
- E04H12/06—Truss-like structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
- E04H12/08—Structures made of specified materials of metal
- E04H12/10—Truss-like structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/20—Side-supporting means therefor, e.g. using guy ropes or struts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/22—Sockets or holders for poles or posts
- E04H12/2292—Holders used for protection, repair or reinforcement of the post or pole
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Procedimiento de construcción de torres Tower construction procedure
La presente invención se refiere a un procedimiento de construcción de torres, columnas y otros dispositivos portantes verticales. Está diseñado para facilitar la renovación y actualización de la capacidad portante de las torres, columnas y postes, especialmente de las de celosía. The present invention relates to a method of building towers, columns and other vertical supporting devices. It is designed to facilitate the renovation and updating of the bearing capacity of the towers, columns and posts, especially those of latticework.
Es aplicable en la industria de la construcción y de la instalación de equipamiento de comunicaciones. It is applicable in the construction industry and the installation of communications equipment.
A lo largo de los años, las infraestructuras elevadas, como torres, columnas o postes (en adelante únicamente “torre”), por ejemplo, de telecomunicaciones han sido una necesidad básica para elevar en altura los equipamientos de sistemas. Las torres se diseñan bajo dos posibles criterios. El primero incluye calcular las cargas y condiciones de ese momento, y el segundo incluye sobredimensionar desde el inicio la torre. Over the years, high infrastructures, such as towers, columns or poles (hereinafter only "tower"), for example, telecommunications have been a basic need to raise system equipment in height. The towers are designed under two possible criteria. The first includes calculating the loads and conditions of that moment, and the second includes oversizing the tower from the beginning.
En el primer caso, el coste inicial es reducido, pero la evolución de las necesidades hace que pueda ser necesario modificar la capacidad. En ese caso, resulta costoso en tiempo y recursos reforzar la torre, incluso más que la construcción inicial. Incluso puede producir la inutilización de la torre durante un tiempo largo, que puede superar las dos semanas según las dimensiones de la torre. Además, las operaciones de la nueva cimentación próxima a la antigua pueden dañar ésta o provocar movimientos indeseados de la torre. In the first case, the initial cost is reduced, but the evolution of the needs makes it possible to modify the capacity. In that case, it is costly in time and resources to reinforce the tower, even more than the initial construction. It can even cause the tower to be useless for a long time, which can exceed two weeks depending on the dimensions of the tower. In addition, the operations of the new foundation next to the old one can damage it or cause unwanted movements of the tower.
Por ejemplo, en una torre de celosía, con el fin de elevar su capacidad portante, se procede a sustituir o duplicar la perfilería resultando una estructura con mayor área de absorción de esfuerzos y por tanto con mayor capacidad portante. Para ello se ha de incrementar la cimentación, asegurando el comportamiento congruente con el de la cimentación anterior. Después se adhieren, por ejemplo mediante remachado o atornillado, perfiles de refuerzo junto a los perfiles ya existentes. Este trabajo es manual, taladrando o colocando puntos de acoplamiento, uno a uno, en los perfiles. Por lo tanto, For example, in a lattice tower, in order to increase its bearing capacity, the profiling is replaced or duplicated resulting in a structure with a greater area of absorption of efforts and therefore with greater bearing capacity. To do this, the foundation must be increased, ensuring the behavior consistent with that of the previous foundation. Then adhere, for example by riveting or screwing, reinforcement profiles next to the existing profiles. This work is manual, drilling or placing coupling points, one by one, in the profiles. Thus,
la duración de los trabajos, en los que el equipamiento puede estar parado (por problemas de radiación a los operarios, por ejemplo) es de varias semanas. The duration of the work, in which the equipment may be stopped (due to radiation problems to the operators, for example) is several weeks.
Se dan incluso en muchos casos, situaciones en las que la necesidad de reforzar conlleve a que la torre quede sobredimensionada tras el refuerzo. Es decir, que la necesidad del refuerzo “obligue” a realizar una inversión, ahora sí, que admita una capacidad portante que nunca sea necesaria. There are even in many cases, situations in which the need to reinforce means that the tower is oversized after reinforcement. That is, the need for reinforcement "forces" to make an investment, now yes, that admits a bearing capacity that is never necessary.
En el segundo caso, el diseño realizado es muy superior a las necesidades actuales. El problema fundamental estriba en la necesidad de realizar una alta inversión inicial, sin poder conocer de la necesidad futura. La torre puede necesitar ser ampliada, puede bastar con la capacidad ya instalada, o puede ampliar capacidad sin necesidad de modificar sus dimensiones por el avance de la tecnología. Por lo tanto, este segundo caso puede comprender un gasto en recursos y tiempo completamente innecesario. In the second case, the design made is far superior to current needs. The fundamental problem lies in the need to make a high initial investment, without being able to know about the future need. The tower may need to be expanded, it may be enough with the capacity already installed, or it can expand capacity without changing its dimensions due to the advancement of technology. Therefore, this second case may include a completely unnecessary expenditure on resources and time.
El objetivo de la invención es mostrar un procedimiento de construcción de una torre que permita una versatilidad (flexibilidad) para adaptar la torre a las necesidades del momento. De forma que no requiera grandes inversiones ni paradas del servicio. The objective of the invention is to show a method of building a tower that allows versatility (flexibility) to adapt the tower to the needs of the moment. So that does not require large investments or service stops.
La invención consiste en un procedimiento de construcción que facilita la modificación y renovación de torres, postes y similares. En las reivindicaciones se muestran las formas preferidas, que resuelven los problemas citados. The invention consists of a construction process that facilitates the modification and renovation of towers, posts and the like. The preferred forms are shown in the claims, which solve the aforementioned problems.
La invención se refiere, en particular, a un procedimiento de construcción de torres, postes, columnas o similares basado en el procedimiento conocido de preparar unos cimientos, instalar unos montantes en ellos y fijar una serie de perfiles a los montantes para conformar la torre. Como novedad, estos cimientos se sobredimensionan y comprenden sendos montantes adicionales, que se colocan próximos a cada montante. Estos montantes adicionales están configurados para aceptar unos perfiles adyacentes de refuerzo fijados a los perfiles, que sin embargo no se colocan hasta que es necesario el refuerzo de la estructura. Si se desea, se pueden sustituir los montantes adicionales por piezas encastradas, con o sin tapa, en los cimientos, las cuales están configuradas para, ahora sí, fijar los montantes adicionales. The invention relates, in particular, to a method of construction of towers, posts, columns or the like based on the known method of preparing foundations, installing uprights in them and fixing a series of profiles to the uprights to form the tower. As a novelty, these foundations are oversized and comprise two additional uprights, which are placed close to each upright. These additional uprights are configured to accept adjacent reinforcement profiles fixed to the profiles, which however are not placed until reinforcement of the structure is necessary. If desired, the additional uprights can be replaced by embedded parts, with or without a cover, on the foundations, which are configured to now fix the additional uprights.
Preferiblemente, los perfiles comprenden unos puntos de acoplamiento configurados para la fijación de los perfiles adyacentes. Los montantes adicionales o las piezas encastradas pueden colocarse en el lado exterior de la torre, en el lado interior, o en ambos. Preferably, the profiles comprise coupling points configured for fixing adjacent profiles. Additional uprights or embedded parts can be placed on the outer side of the tower, on the inner side, or both.
Otras variantes se describirán en otras partes de la memoria. Other variants will be described in other parts of memory.
Para una mejor comprensión de la invención, se incluyen las siguientes figuras. For a better understanding of the invention, the following figures are included.
Figura 1: representación esquemática de una torre en su condición original (A) y en su condición reforzada (B), según el estado de la técnica. Figure 1: Schematic representation of a tower in its original condition (A) and in its reinforced condition (B), according to the state of the art.
Figura 2: representación esquemática de una torre en su condición original, recién terminada de construir y previamente a iniciar su refuerzo en dos formas de realización. Figure 2: Schematic representation of a tower in its original condition, just finished building and prior to starting its reinforcement in two embodiments.
A continuación se pasa a describir de manera breve un modo de realización de la invención, como ejemplo ilustrativo y no limitativo de ésta. Next, an embodiment of the invention will be briefly described as an illustrative and non-limiting example thereof.
El procedimiento de construcción de la torre, poste, columna… se inicia como es habitual con la preparación de los cimientos (1), que llevarán encastrados los montantes (2) de la torre (3). Sobre estos montantes se colocarán los perfiles (4) que conforman la torre (3), y cuyas características dependen del tipo de torre, poste o columna. The construction procedure of the tower, post, column ... begins as usual with the preparation of the foundations (1), which will be embedded in the uprights (2) of the tower (3). On these uprights the profiles (4) that make up the tower (3) will be placed, and whose characteristics depend on the type of tower, post or column.
En el caso de la figura, que corresponde al ejemplo más preferido, los perfiles (4) se disponen verticales, transversales y oblicuos, para formar la estructura. En un poste, el perfil (generalmente cilíndrico) estará únicamente vertical. Otros diseños de torre, poste In the case of the figure, which corresponds to the most preferred example, the profiles (4) are arranged vertically, transverse and oblique, to form the structure. On a pole, the profile (usually cylindrical) will be only vertical. Other tower, pole designs
o columna son igualmente posibles. or column are equally possible.
El total de la torre (3) se diseña y construye para una capacidad portante fijada, que será la correspondiente a las necesidades originales. Si se ve necesario, la parte superior de la torre (3) tendrá un gran margen de seguridad para reducir las operaciones en altura durante el refuerzo. Así, por ejemplo, se podrá reforzar únicamente el tramo inferior de la The total tower (3) is designed and built for a fixed bearing capacity, which will be the one corresponding to the original needs. If necessary, the upper part of the tower (3) will have a large safety margin to reduce height operations during reinforcement. Thus, for example, only the lower section of the
torre (3) cuando el incremento de capacidad sea reducido. En cambio, la parte inferior podrá tener un menor margen, pues se puede reforzar fácilmente. tower (3) when the capacity increase is reduced. On the other hand, the lower part may have a smaller margin, as it can be easily reinforced.
Una vez construida la torre (3), el procedimiento conocido para reforzarla comprende aumentar la cimentación, encastrar montantes adicionales (2’) en ésta y acoplar a varios Once the tower (3) is built, the known procedure to reinforce it includes increasing the foundation, embedding additional uprights (2 ’) in it and attaching several
o a todos los perfiles (4) un perfil adyacente (4’), unido por una pletina, una abrazadera u otro dispositivo de fijación. or to all profiles (4) an adjacent profile (4 ’), joined by a plate, a clamp or other fixing device.
Sin embargo, según la invención, el procedimiento se realiza con una primera etapa en la que los cimientos (1) se sobredimensionan y comprenden desde el inicio los montantes adicionales (2’), que en este caso quedan libres, sin conexión directa a ningún perfil (4) original de la torre (3). Es posible, pero menos recomendado, sustituir los montantes adicionales (2’) por una pieza encastrada (5) donde se fijarán posteriormente los montantes adicionales (2’) cuando se vaya a incrementar la capacidad de la torre (3). Esta pieza encastrada (5) puede tener una rosca interior, un espacio donde se fijará mediante resina, hormigón u otro método la parte inferior del montante adicional (2’) correspondiente u otra solución similar que tenga la resistencia adecuada. La pieza encastrada (5) podrá poseer una tapa para impedir que se introduzca suciedad que afecte a su utilización. However, according to the invention, the process is carried out with a first stage in which the foundations (1) are oversized and comprise from the beginning the additional uprights (2 '), which in this case are free, without direct connection to any original profile (4) of the tower (3). It is possible, but less recommended, to replace the additional uprights (2 ’) with an embedded piece (5) where the additional uprights (2’) will be fixed later when the tower capacity (3) is to be increased. This embedded part (5) may have an internal thread, a space where the corresponding additional lower part (2 ’) or other similar solution having adequate strength will be fixed by resin, concrete or other method. The embedded part (5) may have a cover to prevent the introduction of dirt that affects its use.
Esta primera modificación ofrece por lo tanto una ventaja, en cuanto se reduce el riesgo de movimientos de terreno en la ampliación de los cimientos (1). Más aún, si los montantes adicionales (2’) se colocan desde el inicio, es posible colocarlos ya en la posición más eficaz, sin tener que arriesgarse a dañar los montantes (2) iniciales al colocarlos próximos (lo cual puede implicar el taladrar los cimientos (1) iniciales, en una posición próxima a los montantes (2) iniciales). This first modification therefore offers an advantage, as the risk of ground movements in the expansion of the foundations (1) is reduced. Moreover, if the additional uprights (2 ') are placed from the beginning, it is possible to place them already in the most efficient position, without risking damage to the initial uprights (2) when placing them next (which may involve drilling the foundations (1) initial, in a position close to the initial stiles (2).
En una torre (3) sencilla, como un poste, esta solución ya permite obtener una ventaja suficiente, pues la colocación de los perfiles adyacentes (4’) puede ser suficientemente rápida. Sin embargo, en torres (3) más complejas, como las de celosía, hay que situar perfiles adyacentes (4’) en paralelo con todos o parte de los perfiles (4) originales. Como el número puede ser elevado, es conveniente facilitar esta tarea. In a simple tower (3), such as a pole, this solution already allows to obtain a sufficient advantage, since the placement of adjacent profiles (4 ’) can be fast enough. However, in more complex towers (3), such as latticework, adjacent profiles (4 ’) must be placed in parallel with all or part of the original profiles (4). As the number can be high, it is convenient to facilitate this task.
Por lo tanto, los perfiles (4) colocados en la construcción de la torre (3) poseerán desde el inicio unos puntos de acoplamiento (6) donde se podrán fijar rápidamente los perfiles adyacentes. La posición exacta de los puntos de acoplamiento (6) dependerá Therefore, the profiles (4) placed in the construction of the tower (3) will have from the beginning some coupling points (6) where the adjacent profiles can be quickly fixed. The exact position of the coupling points (6) will depend
principalmente de la longitud de los perfiles (4) y de la capacidad portante máxima a la que se pretende poder reforzar la torre (3). mainly of the length of the profiles (4) and the maximum bearing capacity at which it is intended to be able to reinforce the tower (3).
Un primer ejemplo de puntos de acoplamiento (6) serán unos taladros pasantes para A first example of coupling points (6) will be through holes for
5 fijación de una pletina. Esta pletina se puede situar en el momento de la construcción original (figura 2B) o al reforzar la torre (3) (figura 2A) y hacia el interior, el exterior de la torre (3) o a ambos lados. 5 fixing a plate. This plate can be placed at the time of the original construction (figure 2B) or by reinforcing the tower (3) (figure 2A) and inwards, the exterior of the tower (3) or on both sides.
Cada montante adicional (2’) puede, sin embargo, conectarse desde el inicio a un primer Each additional amount (2 ’) can, however, be connected from the beginning to a first
10 perfil adyacente (4’) para quedar unido correctamente a la torre (3) y asegurar que todos los perfiles adyacentes (4’) estarán luego perfectamente alineados con los puntos de acoplamiento (6). 10 adjacent profile (4 ’) to be properly attached to the tower (3) and ensure that all adjacent profiles (4’) will then be perfectly aligned with the coupling points (6).
De esta forma, el refuerzo de la torre (3) se simplifica reduciendo las operaciones In this way, the reinforcement of the tower (3) is simplified by reducing operations
15 necesarias a el simple ensamblado de los perfiles adyacentes (4’) en los puntos de acoplamiento (6). 15 necessary for the simple assembly of adjacent profiles (4 ’) at the coupling points (6).
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201830107A ES2672256B2 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Tower construction procedure |
EP19382077.6A EP3527752A1 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2019-02-04 | Construction method for constructing towers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201830107A ES2672256B2 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Tower construction procedure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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ES2672256A1 true ES2672256A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
ES2672256B2 ES2672256B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 |
Family
ID=62493766
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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ES201830107A Active ES2672256B2 (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Tower construction procedure |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3527752A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2672256B2 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5955963A (en) * | 1982-09-25 | 1984-03-31 | 中部電力株式会社 | Method and apparatus for raising power transmission tower |
JP2004132112A (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-04-30 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Lowermost structure of steel tower |
US20050001131A1 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2005-01-06 | Stevens James A. | Method and apparatus for tower reinforcement system |
CN105298205A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-03 | 熊达煜 | Device for strengthening and heightening telegraph pole of power grid and construction method for device |
JP2016044516A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-04-04 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Flexural reinforcement structure for existing tower-like structure |
US9376830B1 (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-06-28 | Thomas B. Watson, III | Tower reinforcement apparatus and methods |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE50203265D1 (en) * | 2002-02-09 | 2005-07-07 | Sag Energieversorgungsloesunge | Process for the rehabilitation of steel pylons made of high voltage pylons |
US20110126488A1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-06-02 | Johan Hedinger | Upgradable lattice tower and components thereof |
WO2017156582A1 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-21 | Piling And Concreting Australia (Pca) Pty Ltd | A steel cap for an electricity transmission tower |
-
2018
- 2018-02-08 ES ES201830107A patent/ES2672256B2/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-02-04 EP EP19382077.6A patent/EP3527752A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5955963A (en) * | 1982-09-25 | 1984-03-31 | 中部電力株式会社 | Method and apparatus for raising power transmission tower |
JP2004132112A (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-04-30 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | Lowermost structure of steel tower |
US20050001131A1 (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2005-01-06 | Stevens James A. | Method and apparatus for tower reinforcement system |
JP2016044516A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-04-04 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Flexural reinforcement structure for existing tower-like structure |
US9376830B1 (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2016-06-28 | Thomas B. Watson, III | Tower reinforcement apparatus and methods |
CN105298205A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-03 | 熊达煜 | Device for strengthening and heightening telegraph pole of power grid and construction method for device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3527752A1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
ES2672256B2 (en) | 2018-10-15 |
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