ES2539552B1 - Repellent composition and microencapsulated biocide with double repellent action, textile garment comprising it and use of said garment - Google Patents

Abstract

Repellent composition and microencapsulated biocide with double repellent action, textile garment comprising it and use of said garment. # The present invention relates to a double repellent composition of insects and with biocidal action, contained in a microcapsule, comprising at least , in% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition: # - 0.1% -40% of at least one natural active ingredient with repellent and biocidal effect; # - 0.1% -20% of at least one mineral crystal and / or organic of micro- and / or nanometric size between 1 and 1000 nm in diameter; # - 1% -50% of at least one binder selected from the group consisting of: aqueous based binder, organic solvent based, of food use, and of a mineral nature; # - 1% -5% of at least one crosslinkable polymer dispersion fixer; # - 2% -15% of reactive cyclodextrins; # - 0.5% -1% of at least one agent surfactant; # - 1% -5% of at least one synthetic thickener; and # - 20% -90% water. # The invention also relates to the use of said composition in the manufacture of textile garments.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

REPELLENT COMPOSITION AND MICROENCAPSULATED BIOCIDE WITH DOUBLE REPELLENCE ACTION, TEXTILE GARMENT THAT UNDERSTANDS AND USE OF SUCH

GARMENT

TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention falls within the chemical-physical sector, specifically in the area of biocides and repellents related to vector-borne diseases, especially to the control of vectors and pathogenic microorganisms in the fields of public health, agriculture, and veterinary medicine. Both by its nature and by its application, the present invention is also framed in the textile sector, especially blanket fabrics, towels, sheets, curtains, and any garment used in areas susceptible to vector-borne diseases, such as uniforms of military bell.

STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

Vector-borne diseases are one of the most important global problems of Public Health and at the same time one of the challenges of humanity for the coming years for both developing and northern countries, the result of migration and change climate. The historical efforts of science and medicine in the fields of treatment of malaria, dengue, etc. they are recently complemented with preventive actions, the most outstanding being the extensive use of mosquito nets. Similarly, infections by pathogenic microorganisms present in the environment also have a notable incidence that can also be addressed from the preventive side.

The present invention aims to continue in the line of actions to control these diseases, avoiding contagion through the double repellency exercised by both microencapsulated agents and micro and / or nanocrystals that provide a film or insect repellant film and the biocidal action of new substances, all incorporated into products to which these properties are to be conferred, such as textile garments. For this, the present invention is based on previous works by the same inventors in the field of microencapsulation of active ingredients of various kinds in polymeric matrices, such as the Spanish patent - P9602723 related to inhibitory paints of the chitin synthesis of arthropods for the control of pests and allergens; Mexican patent MX309428 that discloses insecticidal and acaricidal paints

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chitin synthesis inhibitors, juvenile insect hormone regulators and arthropod repellents, for the control of endemic diseases, pests and allergens; the Spanish patent ES2350075 B1 referring to a microencapsulated composition based on O / ea saponified Europaea, its use and its method of obtaining; and the Spanish patent application P201330802, related to a biocidal product flush and the method of incorporation of the biocidal product. The composition of the microcapsule is described in the patent W02Q11045448 A1 of Dr. Pilar Mateo, which ensures and prolongs in time the duration of substances with chemical repellency, such as natural substances, which normally undergo rapid degradation by agents such as Light, moisture and oxidation. This innovation in e! Field of insecticides and repellents has proven effective in e! control of diseases such as Mai de Chagas in South America and Malaria in Africa.

The main social objective of the invention is to reduce the infection rate of these diseases that have terrible consequences at the individual, family level and by extension for the countries and organizations that operate in the risk areas. In short, the lives of people protected by textile garments and consequently limit their spread by new bites and infections.

In the scientific section, the invention addresses the use of natural active ingredients with insecticidal, bactericidal or virucidal action, among others, together with the incorporation of mineral and / or organic crystals of micro- and / or nanometer size that form a film or film on the textile with the aim of overcoming the generation of resistance by insects, which after years is ineffective. Resistance genes, which are found spontaneously in nature, are only selected when they provide a competitive advantage. The possibility of a mutation occurring is greater when it comes to active materials that act at a specific point at the biochemical level, but it is much more unlikely in molecules with a complex or multi-site mode of action. On the other hand, the appearance of resistance to a physical phenomenon is unfeasible. The solution of the problem of resistance in insects can be a quantum leap in the fight against these diseases.

Finally, the invention has an environmental approach aligned with international policies on biocidal substances, which tend to preserve health and the environment.

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environment of very dangerous substances since its manufacture, use and final disposal as you reside in e! soil or water.

Micro and / or nanometric crystals are crystalline particles! mineral and / or organic with a size smaller than the De Broglie wavelength of the electronic excitation subsystem. This means that quantum confinement effects can be had. They are part of a state of intermediate matter between molecular aggregates and crystalline materials. They serve to track the evolution of the properties of matter from one extreme to another. The micro and / or nanocrystals have a series of properties similar to those of organic chromophores:

- high effective absorption section,

- high quantum yield (approximately ten percent) in solution in organic solvents; Y

- Its surfaces are easy to handle surgically and can be incorporated into organic matrices.

The existence of a physical repellency effect due to the emission of light radiation (ultraviolet light) at certain wavelengths that can reflect some crystals at the micro and nanometric level, such as metal oxide crystals, has been proven. This physical effect has so far been used in applications of low technological development with the use of specific inorganic resins and compounds and has been developed in various inventions, some of them embodied in patents such as Sumitomo Chemical Company (ES2019305).

These micro and / or nanocrystals also provide greater anchorage to the microcapsules, giving them greater persistence, giving the treated tissue greater effectiveness over time.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a double-repellent and biocidal action composition, contained in a microcapsule, comprising at least:

- between 0.1% and 40% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one natural active ingredient with repellent and biocidal effect,

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- between 0.1% and 20% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of mineral and / or organic crystals of micro and / or nanometer size between 1 and 1000 nm in diameter,

- between 1% and 50% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one iigant selected from the group consisting of: water-based binders, organic solvent base, food use, and mineral nature,

- between 1% and 5% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one crosslinkable polymer dispersion fixer,

- between 2% and 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of reactive cyclodextrins,

- between 0.5% and 1% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one surfactant,

- between 1% and 5% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one synthetic thickener; Y

- water in a percentage between 20% and 90%,

where these percentages are combined in any possible variation with the established percentages up to 100%.

The microcapsule is a structure, usually spherically, formed by the Iigant of diverse nature (which will preferably be water-based compounds), which is what surrounds the active ingredients. The microcapsules, once formed, usually have a membrane of 1-5 pm thick and a diameter between 5-20pm, including both limits. Thanks to this small tamarine, the microcapsules offer a relatively large surface area of application in a way that allows a uniform and adequate release of the active ingredients. Having encapsulated active ingredients is key for two fundamental reasons:

- to isolate active ingredients that are unstable in contact with the external environment;

Y

- to progressively release these active ingredients.

These microcapsules and their process of obtaining are described in the international patent application WO2011045448 A1. Thus, in the present invention, the repellent active ingredients and biocides can be microencapsulated by different techniques that vary depending on the active principle and its functionality, being mainly: -Coacervation.

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-Interface polymerization.

-Evaporation by solvent.

-Incorporation in cyclodextrin.

The composition is easy to apply, durable, resistant to rain and effective. Also the microcapsule shell contributes to the durability and effectiveness of the active substance, protecting the active principle and facilitating its diffusion.

This technological development, in relation to vector control, is based on the use of two combined effects of repellency and action:

• Chemical: Founded in the use of microencapsulated substances of natural origin, with potential as repellents and as biocides, including bactericides and virucides; Y

• Physical: Founded on the use of micro and / or nanocrystals, doped or not, capable of refusing or emitting radiation in ultraviolet areas that bother insects, also interfering with their flight. On the other hand, the nano and glass microcrystals included in the compositions that are likely to be applied to textile garments, as will be seen later, create a structure that makes it difficult to migrate the active ingredients outwards, retaining them in the tissue and increasing the persistence of their effectiveness.

The emission length of the micrometer and / or nanometer size crystals can be chosen exactly by selecting the appropriate diameter of the crystal, without having to resort to complicated synthetic procedures such as those required to modify the emission spectrum of the organic components.

The micro- and / or nanometric crystal particle contains from a few hundred to tens of thousands of atoms which are arranged neatly, following a crystalline structure. The shape of these crystals should be such that it minimizes free energy (surface tension). This is why micro- and / or nanocrystals are compact structures that resemble spheres as much as possible, and are allowed by the crystalline order. Due to the long exposed surface of the micro and / or nanocrystals they can be highly (chemically) active and unstable. This is why it is thought that micro and / or nanocrystals can have enormous potential in optical electronics due to their ability to change the wavelength of light.

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The present invention is based on exploiting e! development of the emitting micro- and / or nanocrystals at the wavelengths required to repel insects and their incorporation into tissues. AND! This effect is based on the fact that certain wavelengths in the UV, which are reflected or emitted by some inorganic compounds, which can be produced in the form of micro- and / or nanocrystals to maximize their effect, are annoying for insects such as mosquitoes, since the perception of the light signals is transported from the eye of the insect by a connection to e! brain, where they are processed and transferred to I centers of reactions, which translates into the response that this has in their behavior, that is, in the orientation of the flight and the search for their food. The ultraviolet radiation alters the normal behavior of the insects seeing the orientation of the flight interfered. The micro and / or nanocrystals will be compounds that have an ultraviolet reflectance at a wavelength of less than 0.4 pm and that have a maximum reflection on this wavelength. This property will keep mosquitoes away as it is a very annoying light frequency for their vision,

Organic and / or inorganic compounds that meet the above conditions are included within this invention. Specific examples may include mineral pigments, talc, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, mixed metal oxides and metal hydroxides, and mixed metal silicates such as titanate compounds, zirconium compounds and aluminosilicates, oxides and hydroxides of metals of transition, iron oxides, natural clay, metal sulphides and barium sulfate, among others.

The advantages of the composition over other similar products, and which are likely to be applied to textile garments with anti-insect protection are the following:

® High efficiency, as it is a new and totally different technology from what has been used to date, with a new and complex mode of action. The combined action of a physical and chemical rnetode greatly neutralizes the insect's adaptation mechanisms, significantly improving the persistence of efficacy.

* Safety for the user and the environment, based on non-toxic and natural substances. The use of natural substances and nano and / or microcrystals eliminates toxicological problems for the end user (dermal irritation, inhalation toxicity, etc.). Products on the market use insecticides

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conventional, mainly synthetic pyrethroids that can cause dermal problems and other types of poisoning.

• Long residuality and persistence of action, for the slow release of the assets thanks to the microcapsules. With the use of microencapsulation composition, a controlled release of natural active ingredients is achieved, as well! as their stability to external agents (heat stroke, temperature changes), increasing the average short life of these products. In addition, the addition of micro- and / or nanocrystals to the composition prevents active substances from being able to leave quickly and be released into the environment, creating a system of controlled and gradual release of the same with what their persistence is increased.

® Absence of toxic waste generation, with the consequent saving and simplification in the handling and reuse of materials. The use of synthetic pyrethroids in similar compositions causes significant amounts of these insecticides to be added to fresh and salt water courses, which causes contamination of these waters as they are very toxic active substances for aquatic fauna.

• Gasification as an ecological product, which derives in the interest for its use in any part of the world.

• Long-term viability, as there is no risk of resistance, due to its combined mode of action and sustained release. With the double chemical-physical effect, the appearance of resistance is avoided, since insects cannot develop resistance to a physical control method.

The microencapsulated composition may preferably contain the natural active ingredients in an amount / proportion comprised between 0.1% and 30%, including both limits. For its part, micro- and / or nanometric crystals are included in the composition in an amount / proportion between 0.1% and 15%, including both limits. The water-based or organic solvent-based binders may be included in the composition in an amount / proportion of between 5% and 50%, including both limits. And for its part, the water can be comprised in a percentage between 30% and 90%, including both limits.

The natural active ingredients can be of very diverse origin, both vegetable and animal or mineral, being able to have both repellent and biocidal function, well insecticide,

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bactericidal, fungicidal or virucidal, which may include minerals and inorganic substances, extracts of seeds or plants and derivatives of natural substances and, having as an essential premise to be harmless in contact with human skin, being preferably selected from the following compounds:

- Compounds with bactericidal and / or virucidal activity: Silver chloride.

- Compounds with fungicidal activity: copper salts, chitosan, compounds of probiotic origin.

- Compounds with insecticidal activity: natural pyrethrins (pyrethrum extract), nicotine, anabasin (neonicotine), ryanodine, azadirachtin (Neem), meliartenin, plant extracts in the form of essential or other oils, such as citric essential oils, essential oil of Allium strain (garlic), essence oil! of Capsicum frutescens, Equinacea angustifolia, Hisopus officinalis, Ocinum basiticum.

As for the binders, which within the composition are those that form the wall or matrix of the microcapsule that surrounds the active agents, they are preferably water-based polymeric resins, such as the following:

- compounds based on vinyl acetate, modified or not, with acrylic or methacrylic resins;

- compounds based on acrylic or methacrylic resins modified or not with styrene;

- compounds based on vinyl chloride dispersions, VeoVa type resins, acryl nitrile type resins, alcilic resins, epoxy resins, styrene-butadiene resins or polyurethane resins.

They can also be organic solvent based binders. In this case, the binders are preferably selected from the group consisting of:

- cellulose derived binders, such as cellulose acetobutyrate or nitrocellulose;

- Alcidic, phenolic resins, urea and melanin formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, gold rubber, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins or natural gums.

In addition, binders with FDA authorization (food use) can be used as:

- Polyvinipyrrolidone or carbohydrate-based compounds (cyclodextrins, starches, alginates, carrageenans, pectins, cellulose derivatives, chitosan or gums);

- Proteins of animal origin (casein, whey protein isolate, collagen, egg albumin, fish protein, keratin);

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- Proteins of plant origin such as zein and gluten; Y

- Lipids (waxes).

Binders of a mineral nature can also be used, such as zeolites (microporous aluminosilicates).

In a more preferred embodiment, the composition comprises the following formulation:

- Natural active ingredients: 5-15%, more preferably 10%;

- Micro and / or nanocrystals of size 1 to 1000 nanometers: 0.1% - 15%, more preferably 5%;

- Binders: 5-50%, more preferably 25%;

- polymeric fixatives: 1% -5%; being more preferably 3%;

- reactive cyclodextrins: 2% -15%; being more preferably 10%;

- surfactants: 0.5% -1%; being more preferably 0.5%;

- synthetic thickeners: 1% -5%; being more preferably 3%; Y

- water: 30-90%, more preferably 60%.

The repellent and biocide composition can be prepared by one of the following methods:

- Controlled precipitation: it is a method of aggregation (bottom up in Anglo-Saxon thermology) that starts from a molecular dispersion of the solid and is based on the balance between phases;

Wet spraying in pearl mills; Y

- High pressure homogenization.

These last two methods of fragmentation (that is, top down) are based on the mechanical division of solid particles.

The present invention also encompasses the use of the composition in the manufacture of textile garments with double, repellent and biocidal protection.

Likewise, a fourth object of the invention is constituted by a textile garment comprising the double repellent composition and microencapsulated biocide described above, in any of its variants. This textile garment can be selected within the group consisting of: sheets, blankets, towels, curtains, clothing and technical textiles, such as

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campaign uniforms. Figure 1 shows a representation of the textile with the microencapsulated active ingredients and the micro and / or nanocrystals incorporated in the textile fibers.

Protection against pathogenic microorganisms in textile garments includes a wide variety of techniques and assets that allow products with specific properties to be obtained according to their final use. These techniques and assets can be adapted to both bedding, carpets, curtains and clothing or clothing, giving them the following advantages:

• Protection of textiles against fungal putrefaction in tents, outdoor upholstery, awnings, etc .;

® Protection of people by preventing the appearance of fungi and allergens on carpets and mattresses;

• Protection of people against bacteria that cause body odor in clothing and bedding; Y

• Protection of people against bacteria, viruses and fungi that cause infectious pathologies in clothing.

As for the manufacture of a textile garment comprising the repellent composition and biocide described, it can be done by means of a method of incorporating said composition into the fabric of the textile garment, impregnating it during the process of preparing the fabric, specifically during the phase Finishing. Preferably, the different ingredients of the composition can be impregnated to the garment in fabrication and with suitable techniques the repellent and biocidal composition is prepared in situ, in the fabric itself. Thus, the incorporation of the composition can be carried out preferably through the following steps:

- adding the active ingredients to the tissues during the process of finishing them through impregnation, depletion, stamping or coating operations on one or two sides;

- after the application of the agents, the binders that will form the microcapsule are incorporated and said binders are dried and cured;

- Finally, the micro and / or nanocrystals are incorporated (for example, in the polymer of the synthetic fiber if the textile is made of this material) during the spinning process.

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The crystals are incorporated into the textile garment according to one of the following forms and following the steps discussed below:

- an aqueous formulation containing binders and fixatives; in this case, the tissue is impregnated and subsequently dried and the binders are cured to form a polymeric network that fixes them to the tissue;

- Likewise, they can be applied to a face of the fabric by coating by means of a licking cylinder or scraper; or

- The other route of inclusion of the crystals is by mixing in a molten state with the synthetic polymer of the polyester or others, to subsequently spin it and weave it to obtain a fabric with the crystals in the mass of the synthetic fiber itself.

These products, after being incorporated into the fabric, may lose their effectiveness with use. In this way, the possibility of reactivating the repellent and insecticidal properties of the textile garment by subsequent washing with products designed and developed for this function, based on the ingredients of the composition described above, is contemplated. The reactivation product comprises at least 10% to 20% of the active, emulsified or microencapsulated ingredients; when microencapsulated, the reactivation product comprises the composition as described above, in any of its variants,

The reactivation product may be a soap or a conditioner softener. These can be solid or liquid (gel). The reactivating composition of the repellent and biocidal action of the previous composition is definitely based on the direct inclusion of the active ingredients (eg natural biocides) emulsified in a soap or in a softener to recharge the cyclodextrins with these substances, or its inclusion microencapsulated with polymeric resins for fixation in the tissue, in accordance with the composition of the present invention. The micro- and / or nanocrystals of the composition containing the textile garment remain attached to the fabric and it is with these reactivating products when they are "recharged" of biocidal active ingredients.

This product acts as a reactivator primarily during the washing of said garment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

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Figure 1, Representation of the textile with the microencapsulated composition and the incorporated nanocrystals. A: Microencapsulated natural biocides (chemical repellency); B: Micro and nanocrystals (physical repellency).

Figure 2. Detail of the microcapsules and nano / microcrystals.

Figure 3. Mechanism of action of double repellency. The simultaneous effect of microparticle release from natural biocides and the refraction of light at different wavelengths is shown.

EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION

Below are several examples of the insecticidal composition with biocidal action, its preparation and its use in the manufacture of textile garments, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature of the invention.

Example 1: Preparation and properties of the insecticidal composition and microencapsulated biocide.

The microencapsulation process of the biocidal and / or repellent active ingredients is described in the international patent application WO2011045448 A1.

Example 2: Preparation in situ of a textile garment incorporating the composition described in Example 1.

The tissue preparation was carried out by a treatment with the formulation that included the active ingredients, crystals, cyclodextrins, binders, fixatives, etc. and subsequently dried and the binders were cured to form a three-dimensional network on the tissue that trapped the microcapsules and crystals. This impregnation was carried out in one or several stages depending on the material of the tissue to then cure.

Another impregnation mechanism was by a coating application to a face with a licking cylinder or scraper.

The crystals in the textile are included in:

1. An aqueous formulation containing binders and fixatives, so that the tissue is impregnated and subsequently dried and cured these binders to form a polymeric network that fixes them to the tissue.

2. They can also be applied to a face of the fabric by coating by means of a licking cylinder or scraper.

3. The other way of including the crystals is by mixing in the molten state with e! synthetic polymer from polyester or others, to later spin and weave it to

5 obtain a fabric with the crystals in the mass of the synthetic fiber.

Example 3: Tests of use of the textile garment described in Example 2.

Garments made with treated fabrics are subjected to repellency efficacy tests, both finished and after different washes.

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Claims (21)

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A composition of double insect repellency and biocidal action, contained in a microcapsule, comprising: - between 0.1% and 40% by weight, with respect to! total weight of the composition, of at least one natural active ingredient with repellent and biocidal effect, - between 0.1% and 20% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of mineral and / or organic crystals of micro and / or nanometer size between 1 and 1000 nm in diameter, - between 1% and 50% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one binder selected within! group consisting of: water-based, organic solvent, food-based, and mineral-based binders, - between 1% and 5% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one crosslinkable polymer dispersion fixer, - between 2% and 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of reactive cyclodextrins, - between 0.5% and 1% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one surfactant, - between 1% and 5% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one synthetic thickener; Y - water in a percentage between 20% and 90%, where these percentages are combined in any possible variation with the percentages established to add up to 100%. 2. The composition according to the previous claim, comprising: - between 5% and 15% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one natural active ingredient with repellent and biocide function - between 0.1% and 15% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of crystals of micro and / or nanometer size between 1 and 1000 nm in diameter: - between 5% and 50% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of at least one water based binder or organic solvent base; - between 1% and 5% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of fixatives of polymeric nature; - between 2% and 15% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of cyclodextrins reactive; 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 - between 0.5% and 1% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of agents surfactants; - between 1% and 5% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition, of thickeners synthetics; Y - water in a percentage between 30% and 90%, where these percentages are combined in any possible variation with the percentages established to add up to 100%. 3. The composition according to any one of claims 1 6 2, wherein the microcapsule is constituted by a membrane formed by binders of 1- 5 pm thick and a diameter between 5-20 pm, including both limits. 4. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mineral and / or organic crystals are of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: mineral pigments, talc, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, mixed metal oxides and hydroxides of metals, and mixed metal silicates, zirconium and aluminosilicate compounds, transition metal oxides and hydroxides, iron oxides, natural clay, metal sulphides and barium sulfate, and any combination thereof. 5. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the natural active ingredients are selected from the group of compounds consisting of minerals and inorganic substances, seed or plant extracts and derivatives of natural substances. 6. The composition according to the preceding claim, wherein the natural active ingredients are selected from the group of compounds consisting of compounds with bactericidal and / or virucidal activity, compounds with fungicidal activity and compounds with insecticidal activity, and any combination of both. 7. The composition according to the previous claim, where: - when it is a compound with bactericidal and / or virucidal activity, it is silver chloride; - when it is a compound with fungicidal activity, it is selecting within the group composed of copper salts, chitosan and compounds of probiotic origin; 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 - when it is a compound with insecticidal activity, it is selected within the group composed of natural pyrethrins, nicotine, anabasin (neonicotine), ryanodine, azadirachtin, meliartenin, plant extracts in the form of essential oils. 8. The composition according to the preceding claim, wherein plant extracts in the form of essential oils are selected from the group consisting of: citrus essential oil, Allium cepa essential oil, Capsicum frutescens essential oil, Equinacea angustifolia, Hisopus officinalis , and of Ocinum basilicum. 9. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the binders are water-based polymeric resins, selected from the group consisting of: - compounds based on unmodified vinyl acetate, - vinyl acetate based compounds modified with acrylic or methacrylic resins; - compounds based on unmodified acrylic or methacrylic resins, - compounds based on acrylic or methacrylic resins modified with styrene; - compounds based on vinyl chloride dispersions, VeoVa type resins, acryl nitrile type resins, alcilic resins, epoxy resins, styrene-butadiene resins and polyurethane resins. 10. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein when the binders are in organic solvent base, it is selected from the group consisting of: - cellulose derived binders; Y - alkyd resins, phenolic resins, urea and melanin formol resins, epoxy resins, gold rubber, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins and natural gums. 11. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the binders are food use binders selected from the group consisting of: - Polyvinylpyrrolidone or carbohydrate based compounds; - Proteins of animal origin; - proteins of plant origin; Y - Lipids. 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 12. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the binders are mineral in nature. 13. The composition according to the preceding claim, comprising the following formulation: - Natural active ingredients: 10%; - Micro and / or nanocrystals of size 1 to 1000 nanometers: 5%; - Binders: 25%; - polymeric fixatives: 3%; - reactive cyclodextrins: 10%; - surfactants: 0.5%; - synthetic thickeners: 3%; Y - water: 60%. 14. Use of the composition described according to any one of claims 1 to 13 in the manufacture of textile garments with repellent and biocidal protection. 15. A textile garment with repellent and biocidal properties comprising in its fabric the composition described according to any one of claims 1 to 13. 16. The textile garment according to the previous claim, which is selected within the group consisting of: sheets, blankets, towels, curtains, clothing and technical textiles. 17. A method of incorporating the composition described in any one of claims 1 to 13 into a textile garment, characterized in that it comprises impregnating the composition during the process of finishing the garment. 18. The method of incorporating the composition described in the previous claim, which comprises impregnating the ingredients of the composition in the garment and preparing said composition in situ, following the steps of: - add the active ingredients to the garment during the process of finishing it by one of the operations selected from impregnation, depletion, stamping and coating on one or two sides; - add the binders that make up the microcapsule, and then dry and cure said binders; and - add the micro- and / or nanocrystals during the garment spinning process. 18 19. The method of incorporating the composition described in the preceding claim, wherein the crystals are added to the textile garment according to one of the following forms and following one of the steps presented below: 5 - an aqueous formulation containing binders and fixatives, so that the garment it is impregnated and subsequently dried and cured the binders to form a polymeric network that fixes them to the tissue; - .apply to one side of the fabric by coating by means of a licking cylinder or scraper; or 10 - mix in a molten state with a synthetic polymer from polyester or others, to subsequently spinning and weaving to obtain a fabric with crystals in the mass of the synthetic fiber. 20. A product of reactivation of the repellent and biocidal properties of the textile garment 15 described in any one of claims 15 6 16, characterized in that it is a soap or a conditioner softener comprising between 10% and 20% parts by weight of at least one of the active ingredients of the repellent and biocidal composition, emulsified or microencapsulated. The product of the preceding claim, which is a solid soap or a liquid soap in gel form