ES2444571T3 - Componente protésico con unos rebajes previstos debajo de la superficie exterior - Google Patents

Componente protésico con unos rebajes previstos debajo de la superficie exterior Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2444571T3
ES2444571T3 ES06792457.1T ES06792457T ES2444571T3 ES 2444571 T3 ES2444571 T3 ES 2444571T3 ES 06792457 T ES06792457 T ES 06792457T ES 2444571 T3 ES2444571 T3 ES 2444571T3
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ES
Spain
Prior art keywords
prosthetic component
layer
bone
recesses
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
ES06792457.1T
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English (en)
Inventor
Sheila Ragbir
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MARIASAL INVEST NV
Adler Ortho Srl
Mariasal Investment NV
Original Assignee
MARIASAL INVEST NV
Adler Ortho Srl
Mariasal Investment NV
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Publication date
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Publication of ES2444571T3 publication Critical patent/ES2444571T3/es
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/34—Acetabular cups
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30721—Accessories
    • A61F2/30744—End caps, e.g. for closing an endoprosthetic cavity
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30003—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30004—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30011—Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in porosity
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30317—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30322—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in surface structures
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30331—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • A61F2002/30332—Conically- or frustoconically-shaped protrusion and recess
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    • A61F2002/30878—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
    • A61F2002/30891—Plurality of protrusions
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
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  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

Componente protésico (1) para cirugía ortopédica o traumatológica destinado a ser insertado en una parte dehueso, en el que, por debajo de una capa (11) que tiene una superficie exterior (Se) destinada a entrar en contactocon una parte de hueso, hay múltiples rebajes (2i) que están conectados al exterior a través de unas aberturas (3i)que atraviesan dicha capa (11) provista de dicha superficie exterior, estando dichos rebajes (2i) comprendidos entremúltiples elementos de tipo varilla (4i) de igual altura, que están acoplados rígidamente, en sus extremos, a dichasuperficie exterior (Se) y al cuerpo (5) de dicho componente (1), sobresaliendo dichos elementos de tipo varilla (4i)fuera de dicha superficie exterior en una altura predeterminada (L), caracterizado porque el componente protésico(1) está provisto de uno o más orificios pasantes roscados (6i), que cruzan tanto la capa (11) provista de dichasuperficie exterior (Se) como el cuerpo (5) de dicho componente (1).

Description

Componente protésico con unos rebajes previstos debajo de la superficie exterior.
La presente invención se refiere al campo tecnológico de las prótesis para cirugía ortopédica o traumatológica, tal como, por ejemplo, prótesis de cadera, prótesis de hombro, etc.
Más particularmente, la invención se refiere al sector del campo tecnológico que trata del diseño y la fabricación de componentes que constituyen prótesis que se insertan en contacto con partes de hueso que subsiguientemente, recreciendo después de la cirugía, las incorporan y permanecen rígidamente acopladas a las mismas.
A fin de conseguir este resultado, dichos componentes protésicos se disponen de modo que la parte de su superficie que hace contacto con el hueso sea tan rugosa y porosa como sea posible, de modo que las trabéculas del tejido óseo que se regenera se acuñen dentro de las irregularidades de la superficie de los componentes protésicos, agarrándolos y aplicando una acción de acoplamiento fiable.
Desafortunadamente, lo que se ha descrito anteriormente no siempre ocurre o no lo hace de una manera suficientemente fiable, cuando se utilizan los componentes protésicos en la técnica anterior, y la conexión resultante entre el hueso y un componente protésico es frecuentemente insuficiente para hacer que se acoplen de forma fiable y duradera en presencia de las intensas tensiones torsionales y/o flexurales a las que las partes del esqueleto del paciente están sometidas después de la cirugía.
El invento de la presente invención ha pensado que, a fin de permitir que el hueso, durante su recrecimiento, realice una acción de acoplamiento fiable en la prótesis, es necesario proporcionar los componentes que constituyen dicha prótesis y hacer contacto con partes del hueso de modo que tengan rebajes que estén cerrados y cubiertos externamente, es decir, en la dirección de las partes del hueso, por una superficie de apoyo, por debajo de la cual el hueso puede penetrar durante su recrecimiento, penetrando dentro de dichos rebajes a través de orificios pequeños formados en dicha superficie de apoyo. Las trabéculas del tejido óseo recrecido, al expandirse dentro de los rebajes después de pasar a través de los orificios anteriormente descritos hasta que ocupan todo el volumen de dichos rebajes, proporcionan una acción de anclaje verdadera que acopla establemente a las partes de hueso los componentes protésicos que hacen contacto con dichas partes de hueso.
A fin de lograr este resultado, el inventor ha concebido componentes protésicos en los que, por debajo de la capa provista de su superficie exterior que hace contacto con las partes de hueso, hay múltiples rebajes que están conectados al exterior a través de aberturas que atraviesan la capa provista de dicha superficie exterior. En una realización preferida, el inventor prevé que dichos rebajes estén comprendidos entre múltiples elementos de tipo varilla de igual longitud, que están rígidamente acoplados, en sus extremos, respectivamente a la capa provista de la superficie exterior y al cuerpo del componente protésico.
Los documentos DE 19614949, US no 5.021.063 y US no 5.108.435 revelan una prótesis según se define en el preámbulo de la reivindicación 1.
El documento US no 6.127.596 revela una prótesis con una superficie semejante a una rejilla.
Por tanto, la presente invención se refiere a un componente protésico como se describe en la reivindicación 1 que se acompaña.
Se facilita ahora una descripción más detallada de un ejemplo preferido de realización de un elemento (un elemento cotiloideo para una prótesis de cadera) proporcionado según la invención. Durante dicha descripción, se hará referencia también a los dibujos que se acompañan, en los que:
la figura 1 es una vista en sección longitudinal a escala altamente ampliada de una parte de un componente protésico según la invención;
la figura 2 es una vista lateral a escala ampliada del componente protésico;
la figura 3 es una vista en sección longitudinal también a escala ampliada.
Con referencia a las figuras, el número de referencia 1 designa un componente protésico según la invención (un elemento cotiloideo para una prótesis de cadera, en el caso que se está describiendo) que tiene una superficie exterior Se pensada para hacer contacto y permanecer en contacto con partes de hueso después de una intervención quirúrgica.
Por debajo de una capa 11 provista de dicha superficie exterior Se hay múltiples rebajes mutuamente adyacentes 2i que están comprendidos entre la capa 11 y el cuerpo 5 del componente 1 y están delimitados por elementos de tipo
varilla 4i (que podrían ser también tabiques – un caso que no se muestra), cuyos extremos están rígidamente acoplados de manera respectiva a la capa 11 anteriormente descrita y al cuerpo del componente protésico 1. Por supuesto, la altura de los elementos de tipo varilla 4i por debajo de la capa 11 es igual a la altura H de los rebajes 2i (dicha altura H puede estar comprendida discrecionalmente, por ejemplo, entre 0,15 y 0,6 mm). Por tanto, los rebajes 2i pueden conectarse o no uno a otro a lo largo de su perímetro, dependiendo de si están delimitados por los elementos de tipo varilla (como en las figuras) o por los tabiques mencionados anteriormente.
Los rebajes 2i están conectados al exterior (es decir, hacia las partes de hueso que hacen contacto con la superficie exterior Se del componente 1) en virtud de unas aberturas 3i (preferiblemente, una por cada rebaje 2i) que pasan a través de la capa 11 provista de la superficie exterior Se. En el caso que se está considerando, dichas aberturas son, por ejemplo, unos orificios circulares 3i que tengan un diámetro 0 u orificios que tengan otra forma.
Las trabéculas del hueso, en su recrecimiento, después de pasar a través de los orificios 3i, llenan el volumen de cada rebaje 2i (véanse las flechas K), formando cuerpos que ya no pueden separarse del componente 1 saliendo a través de los orificios 3i. Por tanto, se produce un anclaje fiable y duradero. A fin de mejorar la adhesión entre la superficie exterior Se de un elemento 1 según la invención y las partes de hueso circundantes, los elementos de tipo varilla 4i pueden disponerse de modo que sobresalgan en una altura predeterminada L con respecto a la superficie exterior Se del componente protésico 1.
Las figuras 2 y 3 muestran al completo un componente protésico 1 dispuesto como se describe hasta ahora. Dichas figuras muestran que se ha proporcionado también la posibilidad de formar uno o más orificios pasantes roscados 6i que pasan tanto a través de la capa 11 provista de la superficie exterior Se como a través del cuerpo 5 del componente 1. En los casos de la aplicación de una prótesis de cadera, esta solución permite aplicar opcionalmente otros elementos de fijación auxiliares (no mostrados) si se requiere su acción antes de completar el procedimiento de recrecimiento de las partes de hueso o por otras razones. Si dichos orificios 6i no son necesarios, o ya no se necesitan, pueden cerrarse por medio de un número correspondiente de tapones roscados (no mostrados tampoco en los dibujos).
Convenientemente, los rebajes 2i del componente protésico 1 que forma un elemento cotiloideo se disponen a lo largo de meridianos y paralelos, que pueden trazarse idealmente en la superficie exterior Se de la semiesfera del componente protésico 1.
Un componente protésico según la invención se hace enteramente de una aleación de titanio utilizando la técnica de sinterizado por medio de un haz de electrones (EBM, fusión por haz de electrones), que puede utilizarse no sólo para formar estructuras complejas de resina sintética, sino también para estructuras realizadas a partir de otras aleaciones metálicas.
Comenzando por esta aleación en forma de polvo y realizando un procedimiento de fusión por haz de electrones por medio de la fusión sucesiva de los puntos que están situados en la intersección de dos haces de electrones, es posible proporcionar fácilmente un componente protésico según la invención. Por supuesto, los haces de electrones deben ser guiados por medio de un ordenador que ejecute un programa adecuado para esta finalidad.
Cuando las características técnicas mencionadas en cualquier reivindicación sean seguidas por signos de referencia, esos signos de referencia se han incluido para la única finalidad de incrementar la inteligibilidad de las reivindicaciones y, en consecuencia, tales signos de referencia no tienen ningún efectivo limitativo en la interpretación de cada elemento identificado a modo de ejemplo por tales signos de referencia.

Claims (2)

  1. REIVINDICACIONES
    1. Componente protésico (1) para cirugía ortopédica o traumatológica destinado a ser insertado en una parte de hueso, en el que, por debajo de una capa (11) que tiene una superficie exterior (Se) destinada a entrar en contacto 5 con una parte de hueso, hay múltiples rebajes (2i) que están conectados al exterior a través de unas aberturas (3i) que atraviesan dicha capa (11) provista de dicha superficie exterior, estando dichos rebajes (2i) comprendidos entre múltiples elementos de tipo varilla (4i) de igual altura, que están acoplados rígidamente, en sus extremos, a dicha superficie exterior (Se) y al cuerpo (5) de dicho componente (1), sobresaliendo dichos elementos de tipo varilla (4i) fuera de dicha superficie exterior en una altura predeterminada (L), caracterizado porque el componente protésico
    10 (1) está provisto de uno o más orificios pasantes roscados (6i), que cruzan tanto la capa (11) provista de dicha superficie exterior (Se) como el cuerpo (5) de dicho componente (1).
  2. 2. Componente protésico según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque está realizado a partir de una aleación de
    titanio o de otros metales. 15
ES06792457.1T 2005-05-02 2006-04-28 Componente protésico con unos rebajes previstos debajo de la superficie exterior Active ES2444571T3 (es)

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CH7672005 2005-05-02
CH00767/05A CH698608B1 (it) 2005-05-02 2005-05-02 Elemento di protesi con recessi ricavati sotto la superficie esterna.
PCT/EP2006/061937 WO2006125711A1 (en) 2005-05-02 2006-04-28 Prosthetic component with recesses provided beneath the outer surface

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ITUD20070092A1 (it) 2007-05-29 2008-11-30 Lima Lto S P A Elemento protesico e relativo procedimento di realizzazione
DK2253291T3 (en) * 2009-05-19 2016-06-13 Nat Univ Ireland Galway The bone implants with a structure overfladeforankrende
GB0922339D0 (en) * 2009-12-21 2010-02-03 Mcminn Derek J W Acetabular cup prothesis and introducer thereof
GB201007166D0 (en) * 2010-04-29 2010-06-09 Finsbury Dev Ltd Prosthesis
FR2986962B1 (fr) * 2012-02-20 2014-02-14 Pierre-Etienne Moreau Cupule pour implant orthopedique, implant orthopedique comprenant une telle cupule et procede pour realiser une telle cupule
ITUD20120179A1 (it) 2012-10-24 2014-04-25 Limacorporate Spa Protesi acetabolare e relativo procedimento di fabbricazione e di assemblaggio
CN103655006A (zh) * 2013-12-08 2014-03-26 无锡蚂蚁微威科技有限公司 一种髋关节假体

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DE3804239A1 (de) 1988-02-11 1989-08-24 Karl Heinrich Prof Dr Taeger Gelenkpfannenteil fuer eine gelenkprothese
DE9011363U1 (de) 1989-09-28 1990-11-15 Howmedica Inc. (n.d.Ges.d.Staates Delaware), New York, N.Y. Protheseteil
DE19614949A1 (de) 1996-04-16 1997-10-23 Horst Broziat Knochenimplantat
US6127596A (en) 1998-01-23 2000-10-03 Sulzer Orthopedics Inc. Implantable orthopedic prosthesis having tissue attachment surface and method of manufacture

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