ES2425397T3 - Placa de construcción como soporte para un revestimiento de superficies de baldosas de cerámica, de un revoque o de un mortero emplastecido de capa fina junto o en edificios - Google Patents

Placa de construcción como soporte para un revestimiento de superficies de baldosas de cerámica, de un revoque o de un mortero emplastecido de capa fina junto o en edificios Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2425397T3
ES2425397T3 ES07727056T ES07727056T ES2425397T3 ES 2425397 T3 ES2425397 T3 ES 2425397T3 ES 07727056 T ES07727056 T ES 07727056T ES 07727056 T ES07727056 T ES 07727056T ES 2425397 T3 ES2425397 T3 ES 2425397T3
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Prior art keywords
plaster
strip
moisture
construction plate
support
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English (en)
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Werner Schlüter
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Schlueter Systems KG
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Schlueter Systems KG
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/22Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics reinforced
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/02Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
    • E04F13/04Bases for plaster
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/142Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
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    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
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    • Y10T428/249967Inorganic matrix in void-containing component
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    • Y10T442/2213Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant
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Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

Utilización de una placa de construcción como soporte para un revestimiento de superficies de baldosas decerámica, de un revoque o de un mortero emplastecido de capa fina junto o en edificios, en la que sobre una capade núcleo de espuma (1) resistente a la humedad y hermética a la humedad se encola por ambos lados una tira depapel resistente al agua o una tita de lámina de plástico fina (2), sobre las que se encola, respectivamente. Una tira(4) de velo o de un tejido de género de punto o tricotado.

Description

Placa de construcción como soporte para un revestimiento de superficies de baldosas de cerámica, de un revoque o de un mortero emplastecido de capa fina junto o en edificios
Se conocen placas de construcción para la utilización indicada, en las que una placa de espuma resistente a la humedad es recubierta para el refuerzo necesario por ambos lados con mortero de cemento y con un tejido de rejilla de malla gruesa.
Se conocen también a partir del documento DE 92 00 687.8 U1 placas de construcción, en las que la capa de núcleo de espuma está constituida de poliuretano con revestimiento exterior de células cerradas, aproximadamente en el espesor de 25 mm. Sobre el lado visible de esta capa de núcleo de espuma se aplica una capa de espuma de velo de fibras de vidrio, de manera que la capa de espuma penetra a través de la tira de velo.
Una placa de construcción similar como cuerpo de construcción sándwich se conoce a partir del documento DE 19 27 794 U, en la que sobre la capa de núcleo de espuma está aplicada de la misma manera una tira espumosa de velo. En este caso, entre las capas de cubierta formadas a partir del velo y de la capa de núcleo de espuma puede estar dispuesta todavía una tira de un material permeable al aire y permeable al vapor de agua, por ejemplo de una estructura de malla o de una red, en la que esta capa intermedia puede estar encolada.
También se conoce a partir del documento DE 199 40 423 C2 una placa aislamiento, en particular para el revestimiento de una pared exterior de un edificio o como soporte de baldosas en la construcción de células húmedas, con una capa de material de aislamiento en forma de placa de un material de aislamiento espumoso o fundido, en la que sobre uno o sobre los dos lados de esta capa de núcleo de espuma se aplica en forma de espuma
o bien se funde un velo tejido como material de soporte para un revoque exterior o un mortero de baldosas en la superficie, que forma una capa de cubierta.
Se conocen a partir del documento FR 2 351 784 unos laminados de varias capas, que están constituidos por una capa de resina de plástico dilatable con una capa de resina sintética termoplástico aplicada encima sobre los dos lados no dilatable o sólo ligeramente dilatable, que está cubierta en cada caso de nuevo con una tercera capa. Esta tercera capa puede estar constituida en este caso de plástico, tejido o papel. La capa de núcleo dilatable puede estar constituida de poliestireno espumoso. No obstante, en este caso se trata solamente de laminados sin capacidad de soporte, como por ejemplo para el revestimiento de muebles, vehículos, etc.
Todas las palcas de construcción conocidas, que se emplean en la zona interior y en la zona exterior de edificios, pero con preferencia en espacios húmedos como cuartos de baño o similares, deben formar un sustrato con capacidad de soporte, resistente a la humedad, para los revestimientos superficiales siguientes, como por ejemplo baldosas. Sustituyen a las placas de cartón piedra, a las placas de materiales de madera o revoque de yeso habituales, que no se consideran resistentes a la humedad. El inconveniente de las placas de construcción revestidas de cemento o también cubiertas de velo consiste en que éstas se deforman o bien se alabean especialmente en el caso de impulsión de humedad por un lado antes del montaje y, por lo tanto, resulta en parte imposible un montaje paralelo al plano en paredes.
El cometido de la invención consiste en proponer placas de construcción a base de placas de espuma como soportes resistentes a la humedad para revestimientos superficiales junto o en edificios, que no presentan, en el caso de que tengan una resistencia a la flexión suficiente, el inconveniente de la deformación en el caso de impulsión no deseada con humedad.
El cometido de la invención se soluciona con una placa de construcción con las características de la reivindicación 1.
A través del encolado directo de tiras de papel o de tiras de plástico finas no dilatables sobre los dos lados de la capa de núcleo de espuma se vuelve la placa de construcción cubierta de esta manera invariable en la longitud también en el caso de impulsión imprevista con humedad, puesto que la tira de papel resistente al agua encolada o la tira de plástico no dilatable no son variables en la longitud. Por lo tanto, la placa no se puede deformar o bien alabear en general. Sobre esta capa de núcleo de espuma encolada se adhiere a continuación una tira de un velo o de un tejido de punto o tricotado, que forma entonces el soporte adecuado como base adhesiva para el pegamento de un revestimiento superficial de placas de cerámica, un revoque o un mortero emplastecido de capa fina. Las placas de construcción de acuerdo con la invención están bloqueadas, por lo tanto, también con respecto a su capa de núcleo de espuma frente a impulsiones de humedad. Especialmente tales capas de construcción con espesor reducido esencialmente inferior a 50 mm, están reforzadas de manera especial.
Por velos se entienden estructuras superficiales textiles como disposiciones enmarañadas de fibras o hilos individuales. En oposición a ello, se fabrican tejidos, géneros de puntos y géneros tricotados a partir de hilos o hebras regularmente ordenados. También los fieltros pertenecen a los velos.
Para configurar la capa de núcleo de espuma utilizada de una manera especialmente resistente a la humedad, se
emplea una espuma de células cerradas. En el caso de que se planteen requerimientos especiales a la resistencia de soporte y la resistencia a la flexión, la capa de núcleo de espuma puede estar constituida por varias capas encoladas o bien soldadas entre sí, que están dispuestas con preferencia en cada caso transversalmente entre sí.
Con la ayuda de un ejemplo de realización representado a continuación se explica en detalle la invención. En este 5 caso:
La figura 1 muestra en una representación esquemática en perspectiva una placa de construcción en la estructura, y
la figura 2 muestra una sección según la línea I-I en la figura 1.
El núcleo de la placa de construcción está formado por una placa de capa de núcleo de espuma 1 hermética a la humedad, con preferencia por un poliestireno con estructura de espuma de células cerradas. Sobre los dos lados de 10 esta capa de núcleo de espuma 1 está encolada una tira de papel 2 resistente al agua o una tira de plástico no dilatable. Encima se aplica de nuevo una tira 3 de un material de rejilla o material textil. Con un pegamento adecuado es encola o bien se lamina encima una tira de velo 4, que puede estar encolada también directamente sobre la tira de papel 2. Todas las tiras 2, 3 y 4 refuerzan la placa de construcción e impiden en el caso de influencias de la humedad las modificaciones de la longitud y los alabeos de la laca de construcción constituida de
15 sándwich. En este caso, tampoco los pegamentos utilizados para la colocación de la tira de papel 2 se modifican en el caso de influencias de la humedad después del endurecimiento.
Una placa de construcción de acuerdo con la invención es también suficiente resistente a la flexión para el montaje. Además, es suficientemente resistente a la flexión para cubrir los espacios intermedios libres durante el montaje sobre una estructura de soporte, por ejemplo para paredes intermedias.

Claims (2)

  1. REIVINDICACIONES
    1.- Utilización de una placa de construcción como soporte para un revestimiento de superficies de baldosas de cerámica, de un revoque o de un mortero emplastecido de capa fina junto o en edificios, en la que sobre una capa de núcleo de espuma (1) resistente a la humedad y hermética a la humedad se encola por ambos lados una tira de 5 papel resistente al agua o una tita de lámina de plástico fina (2), sobre las que se encola, respectivamente. Una tira
    (4) de velo o de un tejido de género de punto o tricotado.
  2. 2.-Utilización de una placa de construcción de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque entre la tira de papel o bien la tira de lámina de plástico (2) y una tira de velo (4) está dispuesta adicionalmente una tira (3) de rejilla de malla grande o tejido de malla grande.
    10 3.- Utilización de una placa de construcción de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque la capa de núcleo de espuma (1) es hermética a la humedad.
ES07727056T 2006-04-07 2007-03-19 Placa de construcción como soporte para un revestimiento de superficies de baldosas de cerámica, de un revoque o de un mortero emplastecido de capa fina junto o en edificios Active ES2425397T3 (es)

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