ES2418281B1 - INTEGRAL MODULAR SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE IN CITIES - Google Patents

Abstract

Integral modular system for urban solid waste collection in cities, comprising three independent but interrelated subsystems: the waste collection and transport subsystem (1) of modular configuration installed in a conventional vehicle with cab, engine, chassis and unit tractor; the subsystem for collecting and storing waste bags (2) installed on public roads, consisting of an underground container with a tight seal and specific design; and the underground container containment subsystem (3), formed by a concrete receptacle for them.

Description

DESCRIPTION Integral modular system for urban solid waste collection in cities.

The present invention patent application consists, as indicated in its statement, in a Modular Integral System for the Collection of Urban Solid Waste in cities.

The present invention relates to an urban solid waste collection system, consisting of 5 underground sealed container, collection, compaction and transport vehicle of modular configuration and civil works units for housing the underground containers with cleaning system, constituting all these elements an integrated set.

FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

The field of application of the present invention is part of the technical sector of industry 10 dedicated to the collection of non-hazardous waste.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the process of urban solid waste management (hereinafter RSU), waste collection has always played a fundamental role. In many rural areas and urban centers, the same concept of waste collection that was implemented several decades ago has continued to be carried out, with traditional collection vehicles for rear or side loading and with sidewalk containers.

These systems need several people for their operation, they are very noisy and the waste is dumped on the truck in direct contact with the air.

The most recent systems incorporate a semi-automatic side collection system for surface containers operated from the waste collection truck, in which its main drawbacks lie in the need for a fixed positioning of the container and the slowness of the collection operation .

The high aesthetic and environmental impact of rows of containers on sidewalks and roads has led to the development and implementation of waste collection systems with underground containers under two fundamental modalities: traditional containers that are buried through hydraulic lifting platforms, with the same collection vehicles as for traditional collection and 25 large underground containers that are unloaded and emptied into collection vehicles equipped with a lift crane. These systems continue to suffer from a series of problems such as their complexity, lack of tightness in the transfer of waste that causes odors to flood the environment, noise due to impacts, the high number of personnel involved, etc.

On the other hand, there are several patented documents close to it, such as the P9101297 patent, which refers to an underground waste collection system consisting of a cabin built for this purpose in the basement of the pavement or preferably chosen place, in which a container is deposited. This container is connected to the surface by a conduit which is accessed through a tilting hatch through which the waste is deposited. This cabin is covered with an opening cover operated by an integrated, hydraulic or pneumatic circuit that is operated from the collection vehicle. However, this system presents several problems in terms of maintenance, operability and cost of operation.

For all these inconveniences presented by the current waste collection systems reflected in the state of the art, the present intervention focuses on the development of an integrated urban solid waste collection system that minimizes much of the inconveniences of the current systems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 40

The present invention relates to an integrated urban solid waste collection system composed of three independent but interrelated subsystems: the modular configuration waste collection and transport subsystem installed in a conventional vehicle with cab, engine, chassis and unit tractor; the collection and storage subsystem of waste bags installed on public roads, consisting of a sealed container with a hermetic seal and specific design; and the underground container containment subsystem, formed by a concrete receptacle for them.

The first object of the invention is the subsystem for collecting and transporting waste containers, which in turn comprises four independent but interrelated modules: the module for the extraction, lifting and transport of MSW containers, the module for container reception, compaction module and storage module for transport of MSW. fifty

The module for collecting, lifting and transporting the containers is composed of a movable carriage on rails located in the upper part of the box and the truck compaction module, two telescopic arms that allow the collection on both sides of the truck, and the system of hook and fixation of the container to the arm. The movement of the car and arms is controlled by a system of motors, actuators and sensors that allow a fully automated container travel. 5

The container receiving module is composed of the discharge half-cylinder with a trunk for receiving and opening the bottom lid of the container and a reception tank for the waste discharged from the container, in a prismatic way. Auxiliary elements are available in this module, mainly the batteries for driving electric motors and the different sensors and actuators of the system.

The waste compaction module is composed of two prismatic cylinders with two pistons, 10 one for pre-compression and one for compression and a top slide gate.

The storage module or container box, of variable size at will, has a sash gate (to give way to waste and prevent them from leaving the box later) and an RSU entrance tunnel, consisting of a ramp that directs the waste bags upwards allowing a better compaction of the garbage bags inside the same and some protection sides that allow the passage of these to the interior of the box from the pressure of the 15 compacted RSUs.

This subsystem of collection, storage and transport of MSW is characterized by four differential facts: The first is that for the same module of discharge and compaction of waste in the vehicle can be played with different sizes of box or storage module, which will It transmits great versatility and application applications to the system. twenty

The second is that several waste containers can be collected without having to move the truck, since the car and the feathers allow easy positioning on each underground container.

The third is that the operability of the system is clean and silent because the entire process of unloading and replacing the containers is carried out with the combustion engine of the collection vehicle stopped, so that the entire collection system, longitudinally movable car , boom extension mechanism and container lifting mechanism, is powered by a set of DC batteries.

The fourth is that the entire system can be operated by a single person, operating a control keypad, with maximum automatic movements.

The second object of the invention is the waste bag collection subsystem installed on public roads consisting of an underground container with a hermetic closure, also of modular configuration, composed in turn by three modules: the bag receiving module with RSU; the storage module for the bags and the download module for them.

The bag receiving module consists of a tilting cylinder where waste is deposited and the hitch system to be collected from the telescopic arms.

The storage module is a simple cylinder where the bags are enclosed. 35

The discharge module is formed by the lower closing lid, tilting, the retraction mechanism thereof once emptied of bags, and the closing and locking mechanism of the lid.

This underground sealed container is characterized by four differential facts:

A simple and practical waste disposal process, where the user, by means of an actuation pedal, provides a movement to the opening mechanism that makes a cylindrical tank tilting, leaving it ready to deposit the waste, automatically closing the container by gravity.

A process of unloading the waste from the container to the receiving module in the fully automatic vehicle, in which by means of mechanical elements the unlocking and opening of the lower lid of the container is produced by tilting it, also closing it automatic way by the intervention of the retraction and blocking mechanism. The unlocking and opening mechanism is a simple mechanism 45 by means of latches, in which, by executing sufficient pressure on a first latch, the resistances offered by a set of springs are overcome, such pressure acting on a tilting mechanism that drags a second latch, retracting this one and unlocking the bottom cover. The closing mechanism of the lid, is based on a mechanism, which by means of two correctly calculated compression springs, produces the closing of the lower lid when the waste container is completely empty. fifty

A completely integrated system in the environment, with an arrangement of containers at the pavement level, so that the set of containers and the associated civil works do not protrude more than a few centimeters from the ground.

A system that does not allow, at any time during the process, that the residues come into contact with the outside atmosphere. 5

The third object of the invention is the underground container containment subsystem, formed by a prefabricated and modular concrete receptacle for them. This subsystem consists of a prefabricated reinforced concrete tank of different standard sizes, an upper lid with opening for the containers adapted to the pavement where it is to be placed, and a leachate collection system and cleaning and disinfection of the pit composed of several pipes and filters 10

This containment subsystem of underground containers is characterized by three differential facts:

Its external modular manufacturing allows its rapid placement at any point on public roads or sidewalks, as well as adapting to the different slopes of these, so that the containers are always upright.

Its easy maintenance, as well as the cleaning and disinfection of the same through the corresponding 15 connections of the pipes to the cleaning vehicle.

Its minimum impact on the sidewalk and pavement with designs and finishing materials consistent with the closest environment so that the system is fully integrated into the environment and its index of inconvenience to the citizen is minimal.

The new integrated waste collection system therefore represents an innovative design of 20 functional, structural and constitutive features unknown until now for this purpose, reasons that, together with its practical utility, provide it with sufficient grounds to obtain the privilege of exclusivity in its field of application.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present specification is attached, as an integral part thereof, of a set of figures, in which with Illustrative and non-limiting nature has represented the following:

Figure number 1.- Shows a schematic perspective view of an example of a modular vehicle for collecting MSW, referring to the preferred solution, in which the different modules and elements that integrate it, as well as its configuration and arrangement, can be seen.

Figure number 2.- It shows a detailed view of the module of extraction, elevation and transport of 30 containers to the module of reception of containers in which the different elements thereof, its configuration and arrangement are appreciated.

Figure number 3.- Shows a detailed view of the container reception module in which the different elements thereof, its configuration and arrangement are appreciated.

Figure number 4.- Shows a detailed view of the bag compaction module and its introduction 35 in the RSU or box storage module in which the different elements thereof, its configuration and arrangement are appreciated.

Figure number 5.- Shows a detailed view of the storage module of compacted bags (box), in which the different elements of the same, its configuration and arrangement are appreciated.

Figure number 6. - It shows a general perspective view of the underground container for collecting 40 waste and in which the different modules and elements of the same that participate in the process of depositing and unloading bags are appreciated.

Figure number 7.- Shows a detailed view of the elements of the bag receiving module, with the tilting mechanism, and of the container collection system by the telescopic arm of the vehicle, its configuration and its mode of operation. Four. Five

Figure number 8.- Shows a detailed view of the constituent elements of the mechanism for depositing waste in the container, its configuration and its mode of action.

Figure number 9.- Shows a detailed view of the elements of the bag discharge module of the

inside the container in the vehicle reception module (lower swing and retractable lid), its configuration and its mode of operation.

Figure number 10.- Shows a detailed view of the elements of the mechanisms involved in the process of unloading the container, its configuration and its actuation module.

Figure number 11.- Shows a schematic view of the container containment subsystem, in which the different elements thereof, its configuration and arrangement are appreciated.

Figure number 12.- Shows a schematic view of the top cover of the civil work associated with the collection system in which the different elements of the same, its configuration and arrangement are appreciated.

Figure number 13.- Shows an overview of the vehicle-container system as a whole and its positional relations with respect to the civil work associated with it. 10

Figure number 14.- Shows an overview of the collection system during the period of unloading the container.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Subsystem of collection and transport of waste containers

In view of the aforementioned figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed, whose main parts and constituent elements are described in detail then.

Thus, as observed in such figures, the process of waste collection on the pavement is carried out by means of a modular waste collection vehicle (1). This vehicle consists mainly of the adaptable conventional vehicle cabin-chassis module (4) and four modules: the container collection module (5), the container receiving and unloading module 20 (6) the compression module (7) and the RSU bag storage module (8).

The adaptable chassis is the chassis of a standard truck, with cab, engine and chassis, of different sizes and powers according to the load to be transported. In this adaptable chassis module, there are also the power batteries to the system, as well as the electric generator for its load and the inverters or electrical elements for the correct operation of the system.

The module for collecting and moving containers is composed of a sliding carriage on two rails or linear guides (9) held in the upper part of the storage module and the unloading module. It consists of a main body where its different components are housed, the longitudinal displacement system (10) formed by a rack and pinion mechanism driven by a hydraulic motor, the arm extension and folding system or 30 telescopic feathers (11) (metal profiles, hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic or similar), two arms, associated structural elements, valves and associated piping system) and the lifting system (12) of the container (winch, guide pulley, compensation cylinders and end piece of cable coupling) with T-shaped end of receiving part-lifting mechanism (13) associated with the container, both being jointly joined at the point of maximum elevation, guaranteeing the loading and unloading of the container whatever the conditions of collection (pending the roadway) provided they are within the normalized limits. The operation of the entire system is carried out by means of a hydraulic circuit (14) powered by an electric motor.

The container receiving module is fixed to the chassis of the truck, between the cab and its engine and the storage module. It consists of two reception half-cylinders (15) with a truncated conical base (one on each side of the truck) and a reception tank (16), with a volume greater than that of the containers. 40

The truncated conical base allows the latch to be activated when the container is lowered (by protruding element) and releases the lid, causing the waste to discharge into the receiving tank.

The compaction module (17) consists of two prismatic cylinders with hydraulic actuation and an upper closing gate (18).

Of the two cylinders of hydraulic, pneumatic or similar actuation, one is of total thrust (19) that will act on the entire area of the thrust plate (20), and the other, of smaller area (21), which allows the Pre-push (acting an inner plate (22) to the push plate) facilitating the unloading of part of the bags that are in the reception tank so as not to impede the complete unloading of the container.

The function of the upper closing gate is to form the prismatic cylinder inside which the pistons

they compress the RSU bags.

The storage module consists of a prismatic steel box, which can vary in dimensions according to the need for use. In the back part it has a tilting door for unloading in landfill. In the front part it is provided with an entrance gate (23) of the RSUs coming from the compaction block and an RSU entrance tunnel (24), composed of a ramp (25) that directs the waste bags 5 upwards and side and upper protection plates (26) that prevent the bags from retracting towards the sash gate. The floor is composed of a gasket and leachate deposit area. In the upper and outer part of the box is the support for the linear guides of the collection module.

MSW collection subsystem on public roads

In view of the aforementioned figures 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, and according to the numbering adopted, an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed therein, whose main parts and constituent elements are described in detail then.

Thus, as observed in such figures, the storage of waste on the pavement until the time of collection occurs in a modular container (2). This container consists of three modules: the RSU bag receiving module (27), the RSU bag storage module (28) and the bag discharge module contained in the storage module (29).

The RSU bag receiving module consists of a tilting cylinder (30), connected by an internal actuation mechanism with an actuation pedal (31) on which the user will act to open the container, the cylinder tilting enough angle to leave discovered the deposit area. The rotation produced by the action of the pedal is produced by a crank-rod mechanism (32) that overcomes the action of the internal counterweights (33). 20 The tilting cylinder also limits the size of the waste to be deposited.

This module is the only one of the set that will remain visible while the container is in its operating position on the street and will protrude only a few centimeters from the pavement. In the bag receiving module made of stainless steel, there is therefore the support surface on the pavement (34) and the bars for hitching (35) with the collection vehicle. 25

The storage module (28) is a hollow cylinder of high density steel or polyethylene capable of housing a typified volume of waste.

The discharge module (29) consists of the lower lid of the tank (36) and the locking and unlocking mechanisms of this lid (37) and the automatic closing thereof (38). When the container arrives at the container receiving module of the collection vehicle, a descent thereof takes place towards the unloading area, 30 imprisoning the container in the truncated conical shape thereof. When the container enters the log, the container pressure latch (39) is pressed, which by means of an internal mechanism with a tilting part (40) and springs (41), pulls the lid release latch (42), freeing It is for the weight of the waste to open and the discharge process occurs. Once all the waste has been discharged, the container is lifted again and the automatic closing mechanism of the container (38) equipped with two compression springs (43) pulls the lid towards its closed position, 35 again being blocked by The locking mechanism. The container is provided with rubber seals or similar material between the storage module and the discharge module to ensure the tightness of the assembly.

Container Containment Subsystem

In view of the aforementioned figures 11 and 12, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed, whose main parts and constituent elements are described in detail below.

The underground containers (2) are placed on a reinforced concrete slab (44), which in turn rests on an open tank (45) of the same material, in which the slab constitutes its lid. The cover slab (46) has as many mouths as containers, with a slight protrusion on the sidewalk or the floor of the street, to prevent the entry of water. On it a rubber or similar material seal or washer (47) is placed, to achieve a tight seal when the support platform of the container rests on it.

The floor of the concrete tank is inclined, so that leachate accumulates in its lowest part.

All this concrete deposit system and cover (3) are prefabricated and placed with a crane on a trench made on the pavement (sidewalk or street) on cleaning concrete, covering the sides with dirt. fifty

Describe sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice,

It is not considered necessary to extend its explanation so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it.

Likewise, it is noted that, within its essentiality, the device described by way of example may be put into practice in other embodiments that differ in detail, and which will also achieve the function that is collected, provided that it is not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle. 5

Although the invention is described in terms of a specific preferred embodiment, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in this art that various modifications, redispositions and replacements can be made. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims appended thereto.

Claims (7)

1.- MODULAR INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE IN CITIES, consisting of a collection vehicle, container and associated civil works, characterized by having the collection vehicle (1), of a transportable element-carrying carriage through a displacement mechanism linear (10) (rack-pinion, chain or similar), with retractable arm mechanism (11) by means of a sequential internal circuit of hydraulic, pneumatic or similar cylinders 5, on rail guides (9) placed in the upper part of the box truck, so that it is possible to cover with a single stop of the vehicle, a large container collection area. 2.- MODULAR INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE IN CITIES, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact of having two discharge semi-cylinders with opening trunk (15) on both sides of the box, which allows to fit in this the container, acting on the mechanism 10 for opening the container (37), opening the lower lid thereof (36). 3. MODULAR INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE IN CITIES, according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle has a waste reception box formed by a prismatic cylinder or similar mechanism, with upper sliding gate (18 ) of closing that guarantees a greater isolation and hermetic of the residue during the process. fifteen 4. MODULAR INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE IN CITIES, according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle is provided with a compression mechanism formed by an internal pre-compression piston (21) (its shape makes the bags go down, and not up to the container) and another outer piston adjusted to the walls of the prismatic cylinder (22), which allows to increase the storage capacity of waste in the vehicle during the collection process .. 20 5. MODULAR INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE IN CITIES, according to claim 1, characterized by having the vehicle, in the compacted waste box, of an entrance tunnel (24) of the RSU bags, composed of a gate vertical guillotine (23) (the opening and closing of that gate is mechanically synchronized with the waste compression mechanism), a ramp (25) that directs the waste bags upwards and side and upper protection plates (26 ) (the compression mechanism acts on the main (20) and inner (22) thrust plates, pushing the bags that are dragged up the ramp, until the end of this, from where they fall towards the deposit area) that prevent the recoil of the bags towards the guillotine gate (the bags are blocked at the end of the ramp by the vertical wall of the latter (23) and which, in combination with the compression / closing mechanism of the guillotine gate, manages to block the recoil). 6. MODULAR INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE IN CITIES, according to claim 1, characterized by a container configured in three modules: a cylindrical tank (30) for receiving RSU bags, operated by pedal (31) and tilting mechanism of crank rod and recoil pendulum or similar (32); a storage tank (28) consisting of a cylinder attached to the previous block; a lower closing lid (36), tilting, on which two tension springs (43) act to produce the closure of the container when it has been unloaded from bags and a lid opening system (37) 35 by pressure originated on a latch or projection mechanism (39), actuated at the time of its introduction into the receiving cone (16). 7. MODULAR INTEGRAL SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF URBAN SOLID WASTE IN CITIES, according to claim 1, characterized by having the collection vehicle of a system for securing the container (13) to the lifting pulley that allows its attachment with the T of the arm (12), which implies an elevation of the container 40 without turns or rotations, and that the displacement of the container occurs in a position parallel to the truck's box, which facilitates the collection of waste on roads with slopes with a certain degree of unevenness.