ES2393946B2 - EDGE PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR TYPE B AND TYPE C RAILINGS. - Google Patents

Abstract

Edge protection system for railings type B and type C, according to UNE-EN 13374, specially designed to be used on work surfaces inclined more than 10 ° above the horizontal plane. The system is able to adequately retain a possible accident, preventing its fall in height. The system comprises a frame (2) and a safety net (1). The system is designed in such a way that it allows a high deformation of the network to minimize the force suffered by the injured when falling into the safety net (1) and prevents the injured from colliding with the supports (12) of the frame (2). which could cause serious damage or death.

Description

EDGE PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR TYPE B AND TIPOC RAILINGS

The present invention is framed within the field of elements for edge protection. Specifically, the present invention is shown to be useful for use in construction or maintenance work carried out on inclined surfaces more than 10 °. These types of edge protection elements are technically regulated by the UNE-EN 13374 standard.

STATE OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

From the state of the art, edge protection systems with stringers and straight supports are known that do not prevent a possible accident against the frame itself.

Spanish patent ES2168957 describes a system for the placement of safety nets in construction work that includes clamps to fix it in the lower part of the pillars and that hold reinforcement bars located on the outside of the pillars . They also include stringers that extend to the top of the pillars. The net is placed between the end of the stringers and the top of the pillars. If a weight falls on the net, it deforms, stopping the fall. The system described in this document is for a T-type safety railing. It is a T-type safety net according to EN 1263, used to retain possible falls from upper floors, with mainly vertical speed and possible greater kinetic energy. This network placement system cannot be applied when inclined work surfaces are to be protected because the incidence rate has a much greater horizontal component than that considered for the system of document ES2168957. Due to this horizontal component of speed, if a system such as ES2168957 was used to protect an inclined surface, the injured person could overcome the net and fall into a vacuum. In addition, this system does not comply with the UNE-EN 13374 standard for edge protections of type B and C on inclined work surfaces, which is the problem solved by the present invention.

Another document related to the present invention is the utility model ES1071632 which describes a provisional protection railing for works comprising anchoring pieces with means to be fixed to the pre-slabs of the work without

interfere at the edge, balusters that emerge from the anchoring pieces and that

can be arranged with a certain angular inclination, railings that are

they relate to each other and a net mesh that is hung hung between the railings

and protects the front of the work. The system in this document is not suitable to protect

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edge of inclined work surfaces, conforming to EN 13374, as the supports

and intermediate railings are rigid and do not allow the deformability required by the

rule. Also in case an accident falls from the surface being

protecting, there is a risk of direct impact on the supports and handrails

intermediate

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The utility model ES1045228 describes a safety railing that prevents the

Vacuum fall of both people in the work and material. Submit a

upper railing and an intermediate bar that prevent people from falling and a

skirting board to prevent small objects from falling. The railing of the invention is

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can be installed on inclined surfaces thanks to the fact that it has a bodyguard

adaptable to different angles of inclination. Same as with the document

Previously, this document cannot be used to protect work surfaces

inclined

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Patent ES2172319 describes a protective device in the form of a barrier

which prevents the fall of people who move through the work. It is a device

self-locking parapet type.

These protection systems have the main drawback that they do not prevent

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the accident victim fell against the railing itself. This shock would produce the

Seriously damaged so that to improve the security of these systems is

It is necessary to solve this problem. Besides these systems are not enough

deformable as required by current regulations.

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Another drawback of these systems is the difficulty of assembly and disassembly that

imply

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

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The present invention proposes a system that solves the problems above

   raised. The system of the invention is specially designed to be used.

in construction or maintenance works carried out on inclined surfaces.

More specifically, on inclined surfaces more than 10 ° on the horizontal plane.

These types of surfaces can be sloping terrain, roofs, roofs, etc. The

The purpose of the present invention is to properly retain a possible injured person

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avoiding its fall in height as well as avoiding the fall of materials or objects. The system

of the invention complies with the UNE-EN 13374 standard that regulates the systems of

edge protection.

The edge protection system of the present invention comprises a network of

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safety and a frame comprising at least two stringers and at least two

brackets The safety net is a U-type network as established by the regulations

UNE-EN 1263. U-type safety nets are subject to a support structure

for vertical use. They are also known as railing networks.

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At least one frame member is placed in position aligned with the edge a

protect, which in most cases is horizontal, at the bottom of the frame

and at least one frame member is placed parallel to the other side member, in

the upper part of the frame. The stringers are introduced by their ends in some

cavities that present the frame supports at their lower ends and

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superiors

The supports of the frame have a geometry formed two straight sections and a section

curved or polygonal between said straight sections. The first straight section is in the part

bottom of the frame and is perpendicular to the crossbar of the bottom, being in its

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same plane. One end of the first straight section is in contact with the

stringer that is at the bottom and the other end of the first straight section is

prolongs forming the curved or polygonal section. Said curved or polygonal section is

prolongs forming the second straight section, which is inclined. The free end of

second straight section is in contact with the crossbar of the upper part of the

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frame.

The supports comprise at its upper end and at its lower end

lateral projections with a cavity in which the ends of the

stringers These projections are in the direction of the stringers.

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The supports also include an extension centered on its lower end which

   Its purpose is to join the frame to the surface on which it works. This

centered extension is inserted into a cartridge previously embedded in the

surface that you want to protect. The union of the lower end of the supports with the

cartridges embedded in the surface to be protected can be made by turning the

profile inside the cartridge. In another embodiment of the invention, instead of the

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extension has an anchor plate to hold the device by

Thyme in tacos inserted in drills executed afterwards at the edge of the

surface to be protected, so that the device of the invention can be used in

surfaces that do not carry the embedded cartridge. Fixing between profiles and

stringers can be made using pins with latch, not excluding the

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use of other types of joining elements.

The supports have projections with cavities on their two sides so that

you can insert a stringer in the projection that is on the right side and another

crossbar in the projection left on the left side. The distance at which

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have the supports of each other depend in each case on the measures of the

surface to be protected, from the inclination of said surface, from the materials used

in the rack. The system is metallic and in a preferred embodiment of the invention

made of steel. The minimum dimensions for the diameter of supports and stringers

they depend on the separation between supports by resistance condition. The

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maximum dimensions will be determined by economic or management issues. He

minimum for the height of the railing is specified in the UNE-EN 13374 standard and

is from lm.

The simplicity of assembly of the protection system of the invention is one of its

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advantages.

The supports can be curved or polygonal and can have different heights

and squads depending on the needs of the work in which it is going to

use. The height of the frame, that is, the distance between the two stringers

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horizontal is defined by the measures of the supports, and can not be less than

lm that is the minimum allowed by the norm.

The geometry of the supports has been designed to avoid the direct impact of the

crashed on them, which would cause serious injury or death. This

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geometry allows the accident path during retention to generate over

   the same forces low enough not to cause serious injuries.

The geometry of the protection system of the present invention has been designed

through a dynamic modeling of the contact between the injured and the network of

security of the protection system itself through finite elements following the

regulatory technical standards of this type of edge protection elements.

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One of the most important advantages of the edge protection system of

The present invention is that it avoids the direct impact of the injured on the profiles

of the frame. The system allows the safety net to stretch sufficiently, by

deformation, so that the impact is low when the victim falls into the net

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of security. The current security regulations indicate that, in the case of

a drop against support, this problem is not resolved in the current state of the

technique by edge protection systems, whereby the present invention

It represents an important advance regarding what was known about the state of the art.

To date it was not possible to have protection elements of edge class B

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or C that will avoid contact of the injured person with the rigid elements of

security, which can cause serious damage to these people.

According to the current UNE-EN 13374, the minimum deformation that the network of

Safety in these cases is at least 10 cm for railings type B. This type of

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railings offer protection to a person who holds his hand when walking together

to her, to lean on her or to walk and fall in the direction of protection.

They also serve to stop the fall of a person who slides across a surface

inclined Type B railings can be used if the inclination of the surface that

protect is less than 30 ° without limitation of the fall height and if the inclination is

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less than 60 ° when the fall height is less than 2 m.

The minimum deformation that the safety net should allow is 20 cm to

Type C railings according to regulations. These types of railings offer protection to

a person holding his hand when walking next to her, leaning on her or

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that walks and falls in the direction of protection. They also serve to stop the fall

of a person who slides on an inclined surface. Type C railings are

used when the surface that it protects is inclined between 30 ° and 45 ° without limit of the

fall height and when the surface is inclined between 45 ° and 60 ° and the fall height

It is less than 5 m.

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With the present invention it is achieved that the safety net is stretched between 80 cm and

   100 cm In this way it is possible to reduce the impact factor of the injured

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It is a function of maximum deceleration during impact and severity. With the minimum deformation value of the regulations, the force of the blow suffered by the injured person when falling into the safety net is very high and can cause serious injuries. Throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention. In addition, the present invention covers all possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein.

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The net has a stitched perimeter rope and is attached to the frame by means of tying rope, carabiners or other suitable means known in the state of the art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

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FIG. 1 shows the device of the present invention when it is slowing the fall of an accident from the protected surface.

FIG. 2 shows the device of the invention placed on the surface to be protected.

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FIG. 3 shows a view of the device of the invention.

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FIG. 4 shows the frame support of the device of the invention. FIG 4a shows a support with curved section and FIG 4b shows a support with polygonal section. FIG. 5 shows the junction area between a frame support and the stringers.

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   FIG. 6 shows the telescopic stringers that are used with the system of the invention at the corners of the protect surfaces. FIG. 7 shows a cartridge embedded in the surface to be protected and the end of a support to be inserted into it.

References:

1: Safety net; 2: Frame, 3: First stringer; 4: Second crossbar; 5: First

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end of the stand; 6: First straight section of the support; 7: Curved or polygonal section of the

support; 8: Second straight section of the support; 9: Second end of the support; 10:

Lateral projection; 11: Cavity; 12: Support; 13: Centered extension; 14:

Cartridge; 15: Protected surface, 16: Telescopic corner beam; 17:

Pins with guarantor; 18: Accident; 19: Articulated plates; A: Angle of

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tilt of the surface that is protected.

DETAILED EXHIBITION OF MODES OF EMBODIMENT

The protection system of the invention comprises a safety net (1) which is

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of type U and a frame (2) and is specially designed to be used as

edge protection system on surfaces (15) that are inclined more than 10 °

(TO). The frame (2) comprises at least two supports (12) and at least two stringers

(3. 4).

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At least one first stringer (3) is placed parallel to the edge to be protected in the part

bottom of the frame (2) and at least a second crossbar (4) is placed parallel in the

upper part of the frame (2). The stringers are introduced by their ends in some

cavities (11) presenting the supports (12) of the frame (2) at their ends

inferior and superior.

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The supports (12) of the frame have a geometry formed by two straight sections and

a curved or polygonal section between said straight sections. The first straight section is in the

lower part of the frame and is perpendicular to the crossbar (3) of the lower part,

staying in the same plane. The lower end of the support (5) is the end of its

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first straight section (6) and remains in contact with the crossbar (3) that is in the part

lower. The other end of the first straight section of the support (6) extends forming

the curved or polygonal section (7). Said curved or polygonal section of the support (7) is

prolongs forming the second straight section of the profile (8), which is inclined with respect to

of the vertical The free end of the second straight section (8) is the upper end of the

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support (9) and remains in contact with the second crossbar (4) of the frame (2), which is the

remaining on top of said frame (2). In a preferred embodiment of

   The invention profiles are hollow.

The geometry of the supports (12) allows the safety net (1) to deform the

enough that in case of an accident (18), it does not hit

directly with the frame (2). In addition, by allowing greater deformation of the network

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safety (1) than the systems known in the state of the art, the present

system reduces the forces suffered by the injured (18) in the fall. In figure 1 it

you can see a situation in which the system of the invention is used to protect

a surface (15) of inclination angle (A) of more than 10 °. You can see how in the

case of an accident victim (15) (or of materials or objects of the work) the network of

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safety (1) deforms to stop it but at no time the injured (18)

get to touch the frame (2).

The supports (12) comprise at its first end (5), which is at the bottom

and at its second end (9), which is at the top, lateral projections

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(10) comprising a cavity (11) into which the ends of the

stringers (3, 4).

In one embodiment of the invention the supports (12) include an extension

centered (13) at its lower end (5) that is inserted into a cartridge (14) that is

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embedded in the surface to be protected (15). In a preferred embodiment of the invention,

the centered extension (13) of the support gets closer by turning 90 ° inside the

cartridge (14).

In another embodiment of the invention the supports (12) are anchored by plate with

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Thyme on the edge to protect, already executed.

In the simplest embodiment of the invention, the frame (2) comprises two supports

lateral (12) and two stringers (3, 4). Depending on the specific needs of each

work in which the invention is applied, intermediate supports can be added (12)

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to make the frame longer (2). For each intermediate support (12) that is added to the

frame (2) two stringers are added (one in the lower part and one in the part

upper) to said frame (2). If there are corners on the edge to be protected, they are used

special stringers (16) tubular, telescopic, to adapt to any

corner angle, and carry in their segments articulated flat ends (19) to

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   allow the usual anchoring to the lateral projections (10) of the supports.

The connection between the stringers and the supports is carried out by introducing the ends of the

stringers in the lateral projections (10) with cavities (11) of the ends of the

brackets Said union is maintained through the use of pins with fastener (17).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cartridges (14) and the elements that

make up the frame (2), that is the stringers and supports, are metallic, steel

Ordinary.

Claims (4)

1-Edge protection system for railings type B and type C according to the UNE-EN 13374 standard comprising a safety net (1) of type U according to the UNE-EN 1263 standard and a frame (2) comprising at least two supports and at least two stringers and which is specially designed to be used on surfaces with an inclination greater than 10 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, characterized in that at least a first stringer (3) is aligned with the edge to be protected in the lower part of the frame (2) and at least a second crossbar (4) is placed parallel in the upper part of the frame (2); and the frame supports (2) are formed by a first straight section (6), which is perpendicular to the first crossbar (3) and in its same plane, a curved or polygonal section (7), which allows sufficient deformation of the network without impact of the injured on the supports, and a second straight section (8), inclined with respect to the vertical, which ends at the top of the frame (2), the ends (5, 9) of the supports comprising lateral projections ( 10) with cavities (11) in which the ends of the stringers are introduced, where they are special telescopic stringers (16) provided with articulated plates (19) in their end segments, capable of adapting to any corner angle. 2-Protection system according to claim 1 wherein the ends of the stringers are introduced into the cavities (11) of the lateral projections (10) of the ends (5, 9) of the supports and are held in that position by means of pins with guarantor. 3.-Protection system according to claim 1 wherein the supports (12) comprise at its first end (5), which is at the bottom of the frame (2), a centered extension (13) that is inserted into a cartridge ( 14) embedded in the surface that is protected (15). 4. Protection system according to claim 3 wherein the centered extensions (13) of the profiles are approached by rotation inside the cartridges (14) embedded in the surface to be protected (15). 5. Protection system according to claim 1 wherein the supports (12) are anchored to the edge of the surface to be protected (15) by means of a plate with screws.