ES2380860B1 - SEMI-PREFABRICATED HOUSING NOT REMOVABLE AND IMMOVABLE - Google Patents

Abstract

Semi-prefabricated non-removable and immovable housing, of a plant, said housing (1) being transportable in a container before its construction, being non-removable and immobile once built and having assembled all its elements, said housing comprising (1) a metal structure (3) and hot-rolled profiles, an external enclosure (5) and an interior partition (6) formed by large-format tongue and groove ceramic panels, and a sandwich panel cover (4).

Description

Semi-prefabricated housing not removable and immobile.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a single-storey, semi-prefabricated house, transportable in a container before its construction, and not removable and immobile once all its elements are assembled.

BACKGROUND

Various prefabricated housing execution systems are known in the state of the art, which are based on several previously prefabricated independent modules, which are subsequently assembled to form the aforementioned dwelling at the definitive execution site intended for it.

Prefabricated houses made of wood are also known, which are transported together in a unique way, these houses being arranged on a base or foundation built on site at the time in which the aforementioned house will be placed.

Thus, document ES 2310095 A1 describes a system of construction of prefabricated houses by means of exterior enclosures as a panel, these panels being made in lightened concrete or wood, mainly.

Modular houses of prefabricated type are also known in the state of the art, which are constituted by a plurality of modules formed from resistant metal structures based on tubular profiles, on which the corresponding coatings and terminations are arranged, such and as described in document ES 1066925. Similar prefabricated houses, made of reinforced concrete, lightened concrete and steel are known from documents such as ES 2311369.

Other armored houses covered externally by prefabricated mortar panels prestressed with bi-directional reinforcements are known from document ES 1065554.

Another example of prefabricated houses is that described in Japanese patent application document JP 2005 273341, which describes a prefabricated house based on tongue-and-groove sandwich panels for floors, exterior walls and roof, with the wall coverings being lined outwardly with slate plates. In turn, the structure of the house is bolted to metal support pillars, this system also needs metal beams to frame the layouts of windows and windows, since the sandwich coating is not stable enough.

Houses of this type pose the problem that they require enough labor to be constituted, in addition to requiring a high assembly time. On the other hand, paneled sandwich construction presents problems in cases of earthquakes, hurricanes, and other natural disasters.

The present invention comes to solve the difficulties raised above.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Thus, an object of the present invention is a semi-prefabricated plant house, transportable in a container before its construction, and not removable and immobile once built, having assembled all its elements. Its construction system is such that it makes its execution easy and fast. The house is built on a reinforced concrete base, its structure is metallic and bolted, its enclosures are large-format tongue and groove ceramic panels and its cover is sandwich panel.

With a construction system like the one mentioned above, the cost of housing and the time required for its construction is achieved to be lower than that of a house with the same quality of finish and different construction system. The necessary workforce is inferior and less specialized. In addition, the housing of the invention is work, that is, it is made of reinforced concrete, metal profiles and ceramic enclosures, which is very resistant to hurricanes, earthquakes and other inclement weather.

The rest of the features and advantages of the present invention and its construction system are described below textually and graphically.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment of its object in relation to the accompanying figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a schematic elevation view of the front entrance part of the semi-prefabricated housing according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows a schematic elevation view of the rear part of the semi-prefabricated housing according to the invention.

Figure 3 shows a schematic plan view of the semi-manufactured housing according to the invention.

Figure 4 shows a schematic sectional elevational view of the side part of the semi-prefabricated housing according to the invention.

Figure 5 shows a schematic side elevation view of the semi-prefabricated housing structure according to the invention.

Figures 6a, 6b and 6c show details of foundation, cover and enclosure, respectively, of the semi-prefabricated housing according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The housing 1 of the invention is of a plant, semi-prefabricated, transportable in a container before its construction, and not removable and immobile once all its elements are assembled.

The foundation 2 of said housing 1 is formed by a reinforced concrete slab made of a bowling drainage layer and waterproofing sheet. It solves the building's support on a sturdy firm and insulates it from the humidity of the natural terrain. Concrete and bowling are the only materials not included in the container.

The structure 3 that forms the housing 1 of the invention is metallic and bolted with hot rolled profiles, said structure 3 providing a constructive solution of rapid execution and better behavior against the earthquake.

The roof 4 is inclined of steel sheet tiles on sandwich panel with thermal and acoustic insulation inside, thus providing a lightweight construction solution that reduces the danger of an earthquake.

The exterior enclosure 5 and the interior partition 6 that make up the house 1 are formed by large-format tongue and groove ceramic panels, this being a system that offers consistency and solidity to the house

one.

The floor 7 of the house 1 is a large format tongue and groove ceramic panel with acoustic and thermal insulation inside for greater comfort of living spaces.

The inner and outer lining 8 of the housing 1 are made by means of a mortar of water-repellent color.

The entrance door 10 and the windows 11 of the housing 1 are metallic in block, offering security to said housing 1, while being easy and quick to install.

Preferably, the hot water installation that receives housing 1 comes from thermodynamic solar panels.

Also preferably, the lighting of the housing 1 comes from a

photovoltaic plate

The main advantages that are achieved with a house 1 such as that of the invention are the following:

  lower manufacturing cost;   less assembly and installation time;   less labor required;

10 housing 1 is autonomous; housing 1 is work; housing 1 is of great strength and stability; housing 1 is transportable before mounting in a container; housing 1 is non-detachable and immobile once built;

15 housing 1 is terraced; Housing 1 is modular.

Although the present invention has been fully described according to the preferred embodiments, it is evident that 20 modifications can be made therein within its scope, understanding that it is not limited to those

embodiments but by the content of the following claims.

Claims (8)

1. Housing (1) semi-prefabricated, non-removable and immovable, of a plant, characterized in that the housing (1) is transportable in a container before its construction, being non-removable and immobile once built and having assembled all its elements, said housing (1) comprising a metal structure (3) and bolted with hot rolled profiles, an exterior enclosure (5) and an interior partition (6) formed by large-format tongue and groove ceramic panels, and a cover (4) of Sandwich panel. 2. Housing (1) according to claim 1, arranged on a foundation (2) comprising a reinforced concrete slab on a bowling drainage layer and a waterproofing sheet.

3.

 Housing (1) according to any one of claims 1-2, such that the roof (4) is inclined of steel sheet tiles on sandwich panel with thermal and acoustic insulation inside.

Four.

 Housing (1) according to any of claims 1-3, such that the outer enclosure (5) comprises a large format tongue and groove ceramic panel (7) with acoustic and thermal insulation inside.

5.

 Housing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, such that it comprises an inner coating (8) and an outer coating (9), both made in water-repellent mortar.

6.

 Housing (1) according to any of the preceding claims, such that it comprises a hot water installation that comes from thermodynamic solar panels.

7.

 Housing (1) according to any of the preceding claims, such that it comprises lighting from a photovoltaic panel.

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 Figure 2    Figure 3          4 5 11 86 29 Figure 4  Figure 5   SPANISH OFFICE OF THE PATENTS AND BRAND Application no .: 201031337 SPAIN Date of submission of the application: 07.09.2010 Priority Date: REPORT ON THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE 51 Int. Cl.: E04B1 / 24 (2006.01) E04H1 / 02 (2006.01) RELEVANT DOCUMENTS

Category

56 Documents cited Claims Affected

X

BE 824906 A1 (MARCHANT Y) 05/15/1975, page 2, line 29 -page 4, line 15; Figures 1, 3, 4. 1-7

TO

CN 201276862 Y (YONGFENG LI) 07/22/2009, & Summary of the WPI database. Recovered 1-5

of EPOQUE; AN 2009-M07457; figures.

TO

ES 1039805 U (LLOVES BOO JOSE MANUEL) 01/16/1999, column 2, lines 21-46; figures. 1, 4

TO

ES 2265207 A1 (VAZQUEZ DEL CAMPO CARMELO) 01/02/2007, column 3, line 7 - column one

4, line 18; figure 3.

TO

US 2004194405 A1 (PEACEY IAN ET AL.) 07/10/2004, paragraphs [0037-0039, 0079, 0080, 0099]; one

Figures 18, 24, 25.

TO

FR 2545864 A1 (GENET GERARD) 11/16/1984, summary; figure. 6, 7

Category of the documents cited X: of particular relevance Y: of particular relevance combined with other / s of the same category A: reflects the state of the art O: refers to unwritten disclosure P: published between the priority date and the date of priority submission of the application E: previous document, but published after the date of submission of the application

This report has been prepared • for all claims • for claims no:

Date of realization of the report 03.05.2012

Examiner S. Fernández de Miguel Page 1/4

REPORT OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE Application number: 201031337 Minimum documentation sought (classification system followed by classification symbols) E04B, E04H Electronic databases consulted during the search (database name and, if possible, terms of search used) INVENES, EPODOC State of the Art Report Page 2/4  WRITTEN OPINION Application number: 201031337 Date of Written Opinion: 03.05.2012 Statement

Novelty (Art. 6.1 LP 11/1986)

Claims Claims 1-7 IF NOT

Inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP11 / 1986)

Claims Claims 1-7 IF NOT

The application is considered to comply with the industrial application requirement. This requirement was evaluated during the formal and technical examination phase of the application (Article 31.2 Law 11/1986).  Opinion Base.- This opinion has been made on the basis of the patent application as published. State of the Art Report Page 3/4  WRITTEN OPINION Application number: 201031337 1. Documents considered.- The documents belonging to the state of the art taken into consideration for the realization of this opinion are listed below.

Document

Publication or Identification Number publication date

D01

BE 824906 A1 (MARCHANT Y) 15.05.1975

D02

CN 201276862 Y (YONGFENG LI) 07/22/2009

D03

ES 1039805 U (BLOCKS BOO JOSE MANUEL 16.01.1999

D04

ES 2265207 A1 (VAZQUEZ DEL CAMPO CARMELO) 01.02.2007

D05

US 2004 194405 A1 (PEACEY IAN et al.) 07.10.2004

D06

FR 2545864 A1 (GENET GERARD) 16.11.1984

2. Statement motivated according to articles 29.6 and 29.7 of the Regulations for the execution of Law 11/1986, of March 20, on Patents on novelty and inventive activity; quotes and explanations in support of this statement The present invention relates to a semi-prefabricated, single-storey, transportable housing in a container before its construction and not removable and immovable once all its elements are assembled. Document D01 is considered the most representative of the prior art prior to the object of claim 1. Said document discloses a semi-prefabricated single-storey house whose integral elements are likely to be transported in a container, being non-removable and immovable. once built and having assembled all its elements. The house comprises a metal structure made up of porches made using profiles (1, 2) (see figure 1) as well as exterior enclosures formed by ceramic panels or large-format bricks (7). The cover has sandwich panels with thermal insulation (9) inside (see figure 3). Document D01 does not specify the way of joining the elements that make up the structure or how to obtain the profiles that constitute it. However, screw connection or hot rolling of profiles are characteristics widely known in the state of the art. As an example, document D04 is cited (see column 1, lines 1320 and column 3, lines 7-12). Nor does document D01 mention the fact that ceramic panels are tongue and groove, but these configurations are of general knowledge as shown in document D05 (see figures 18 and 24). Document D02 shows the same type of housing construction with a metal structure composed of profiles and ceramic enclosure panels (see figures). Claim 2, related to the foundation, and claim 3, related to the roof, are considered anticipated by document D01 (see figure 3). In relation to claim 4, document D01 describes an external enclosure comprising a transposition of panels (8) with thermal insulation (9) inside. The fact that the transdosing is of tongue and groove ceramic panels is an obvious option for an expert in the field from which no unexpected technical effect is deduced. Claim 5 adds an exterior and interior coating in a water-repellent mortar. Mortar coatings are well known in the realization of plasters. Document D02 shows an interior coating and an exterior coating of cement or mortar grout (see summary). Finally, claims 6 and 7 raise the possibility of hot water and lighting installations that come from solar panels or photovoltaic panels. These are mere expressions of desire that do not provide specific technical characteristics for their realization. On the other hand, the incorporation in homes of solar panels and photovoltaic panels with said purposes is known in the state of the art. See document D06 (summary). Therefore, it is considered that the object of claims 1-7 derives from the state of the art in an obvious way for a person skilled in the art and does not imply inventive activity (Art. 8.1 LP 11/1986). State of the Art Report Page 4/4